Researchers have discovered key molecules that help form the periodontal ligament, a tissue crucial for tooth stability. The study sheds light on how these molecules work together to control cell functions, which could lead to new dental treatments for gum disease and other conditions.
Researchers at Kessler Foundation found that blindfolding a patient with spatial neglect improved her posture and gaze, reducing postural asymmetry. This study suggests eliminating visual input could increase spatial awareness on the contralesional side.
A study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences found that air pollution under clear skies significantly reduces the amount of sunlight reaching Earth's surface. The study highlights the negative impact of air pollution on renewable energy harvesting and associated economic burdens, as well as its effects on air purity.
Athletes who engage in outdoor sports and exercise are at increased risk of skin cancer, with up to eight-fold exposure limit exceeded during summer and autumn months. Sun protection is crucial for these groups, as research shows a higher incidence of malignant skin cancer among active individuals.
This observational study found that most donated kidneys (84%) were declined by transplant centers due to concerns over organ or donor quality. Patients who received a deceased donor kidney had significantly more offers (median of 17) than those who died on the waiting list (16) or were removed from the list (15).
A new study found that almond, cherry, and meadowfoam provide ample pollen to honeybees, while highbush blueberry and hybrid carrot seed crops may not. Pollen diversity is crucial for colony growth and survival of the western honeybee.
Researchers found a correlation between facial emotion recognition deficits and poor community integration in individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Those with impaired emotional recognition displayed reduced community integration, suggesting a potential barrier to social isolation.
A new study warns that digital identity technologies could facilitate persecution and discrimination against ethnic minorities if not designed with safeguards. The University of Exeter Law School research highlights the need for high standards of privacy and data protection to protect human rights.
Researchers have developed an 'Islet-on-a-Chip' device that integrates organ-on-a-chip and stem-cell technologies to screen insulin-producing cells, test insulin-stimulating compounds, and study the fundamental biology of diabetes. The device makes it easier to monitor islet function and study cell therapies for diabetes.
The ASU/MCC project aims to develop an experiential learning course, fund master's-level students, and engage the community in addressing challenges at the urban-agriculture nexus. Students will conduct research on topics such as urban agriculture production systems and food safety.
A new study suggests that marathon runners are at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to fluid and salt losses, rather than core body temperature. Researchers found that managing fluid volume and salt losses with a personalized regimen during training may help reduce the incidence of AKI.
A new study suggests that individual cigarette warnings could be an effective way to discourage smoking among young people and non-smokers. The innovative approach would make health messages more visible and prolonged throughout the consumption experience.
Research reveals that giraffes with calves prioritize predator avoidance over food in areas with high lion populations. Human presence also plays a role, with giraffes seeking safety near traditional pastoralist compounds.
Researchers at the University of Oregon discovered that Helicobacter pylori uses a protein called TlpD to sense bleach and swim toward it. The bacteria Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli can use similar proteins to detect bleach in their environment.
Scientists developed a novel nanotechnology-based approach that successfully delivered checkpoint inhibitors directly to brain tumors, triggering a local immune response and inducing tumor cell death. The treatment has shown promising results in laboratory mice, providing hope for longer survival rates for patients with glioblastoma
Researchers aim to understand how microorganisms respond to drought, potentially shedding light on adapting to climate change. Studying the microbiome of dead plant matter in Southern California fields, they found that certain bacteria and fungi shift composition in response to moisture deprivation.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that natural killer cells are robustly activated and primed for skin-homing during acute dengue virus infection. This activation had completely disappeared after about two months, providing new insights into the immune system's response to viral infections.
Physicist Lucas Lombriser proposes a new mathematical manipulation of general relativity equations to harmonize theory and observation on the cosmological constant. Theoretical value is 0.704%, close to the best experimental estimate, resolving a 10121-year discrepancy.
A study of US eScooter injuries found that most injured riders are men aged 20-40, with high rates of drug and alcohol use, and lack of helmet wear. The injury toll is expected to rise as eScooter popularity increases.
A special issue of PhytoKeys highlights 23 newly described species from China's biodiversity hotspots, showcasing the country's unique flora and diverse microclimates. The discovery underscores the need for conservation efforts in these regions to counteract increasing anthropogenic disturbance and destruction.
Researchers propose atom-to-atom strategy to address electrode-electrolyte contact issue in solid-state Li batteries. By creating epitaxial interfaces, they achieve intimate contact between solid electrolytes and electrodes, resulting in improved rate performances and energy density.
Researchers analyzed fossilized teeth to discover that ancient humans significantly breastfed their infants for longer periods than contemporary relatives. Early Homo offspring was breastfed until around 3-4 years old.
A large-scale analysis of partisan WhatsApp groups found that right-wing users shared substantially more multimedia content and YouTube videos than left-wing groups. This study suggests that media literacy has not kept up with rapid technological changes, making it challenging to evaluate information received.
The Blue Brain researchers have generated statistical instances of the micro-connectome of 10 million neurons, a model spanning five orders of magnitude and containing 88 billion synaptic connections. This model reveals a surprisingly complex structure at cellular resolution, tying together neurons in different regions and at opposite ...
Researchers at The University of Tokyo have developed a method to actively break chemical bonds using tiny antennae created by infrared lasers. This technique enables selective control over chemical reactions, increasing yields while minimizing unwanted side products.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck have successfully transferred quantum entanglement between matter and light over 50 kilometers using fiber optic cables. This achievement paves the way for building inter-city quantum networks, which could enable secure communication and distributed sensor networks.
A new map synthesizes data from over 250 archaeologists, showing that human activity altered the Earth's soil by 3,000 years ago. The study adds an archaeological perspective to historical land use models, challenging recent estimates of human behavior and environmental change.
Scientists have found 34 species of coral thriving in mangrove lagoons on the Great Barrier Reef, providing novel information on mechanisms supporting coral resilience to climate change and pollution. The corals have adapted to extreme low pH, low oxygen, and variable temperatures, but at a cost: reduced calcification rates.
A new study finds that adults with cerebral palsy are 75% more likely to develop a non-infectious disease, such as asthma or stroke. Patients with cerebral palsy were also found to be at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and chronic respiratory disease.
A Purdue University team is developing sensors to track concrete strength development in real time, allowing for more precise data on when traffic can use new concrete pavement. This technology has the potential to save millions of dollars each year and reduce traffic by providing engineers with accurate information on concrete maturity.
Scientists have discovered a key protein structure that could lead to the development of treatments for Epstein-Barr virus infections. The portal protein plays a crucial role in the virus's DNA entry and exit mechanisms, and understanding its structure may enable the design of virus-specific inhibitors.
A team led by Dr. Lim Hyun-Ho identified a new structure and mechanism of a membrane protein that causes epilepsy and muscle problems. The study reveals four different structures in the ion exchange process for a single CLC protein, expanding our understanding of this protein's functions.
The project, 'Accelerated Innovation in Manufacturing Biologics (AIM-Bio)', aims to develop new manufacturing processes and train a generation of scientists and engineers. NC State will collaborate with DTU to establish nine research projects focusing on technologies critical to biopharmaceutical manufacturing.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have established a new model system using red blood cells grown in the laboratory to study malaria parasite invasion. They used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the genome of immature cells, removing a protein critical for invasion and showing that reticulocytes generated from this edited line were completel...
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed a lab-on-a-chip platform to study non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. The platform allows for detailed studies of NAFLD's effects on liver cells and evaluates the potential of investigational drugs.
More than 1 million Canadians have alcohol use disorders, but most never receive professional help. Improved screening and medication are available to address this issue.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have discovered a new way animals can modify their vision, found in the photoreceptors of larval mantis shrimp. The structure resembles a human-made optical device and may help the mantis shrimp larvae see bioluminescence.
A team of researchers successfully synthesized organic UV filters from cashew nut shell liquid, reducing reliance on petroleum-based chemicals. The process showcases the potential of xylochemistry for sustainable chemical synthesis.
Researchers have developed a way to detect cells infected with chikungunya virus that survive the infection, shedding light on the cause of chronic viral arthritis. The study found that the virus can persist in muscle and connective tissue cells for up to 114 days after infection.
A recent genome-wide association study involving over 470,000 participants found no meaningful link between genetic variants and same-sex sexual behavior. Instead, thousands of genetic variants with small effects contribute to individual differences in predisposition to the trait.
A team of researchers from DGIST developed a psychosensory electronic skin technology that can detect pain and temperature sensations like humans. The technology uses zinc oxide nano-wire technology to measure pressure and temperature simultaneously, and can be applied to various tactile systems.
The UNT Health Science Center has been awarded a $3.75 million federal grant to expand its WE HAIL geriatric training program, which aims to prepare healthcare professionals to treat older adults with unique and complex needs. The program, already recognized for its success in serving older Texans, will now be expanded to include addit...
A recent study using convection-permitting models showed improved accuracy in simulating heavy rainfall events in the Yangtze River Basin. The models were found to better reproduce the spatial distribution of precipitation and smaller-scale disturbances, reducing biases compared to global models.
Research suggests that considering multiple types of interactions between species is key to understanding how ecosystems work. The study found that removing species can have a greater impact on ecosystem function when different kinds of interactions are taken into account.
New discoveries at Cooper's Ferry site suggest humans occupied western Idaho by nearly 16,500 years ago. The findings support a Pacific coastal migration route and contradict the traditional 'ice-free corridor' hypothesis.
Engineers have designed a robotic system to automate the disassembly of component parts, a key task in remanufacturing. The new process can reduce energy and raw materials usage by up to 90% and CO2 emissions by over 80%.
A new JAMA paper encourages doctors to screen for social determinants of health and refer patients to relevant programs. The authors argue that addressing these factors is crucial for optimal patient health and reducing health disparities.
Researchers have identified a receptor protein that can detect extreme cold temperatures in creatures. The study found that the glr-3 gene, responsible for making the GLR-3 receptor protein, is required for worms to sense cold temperatures and is evolutionarily conserved across species.
A new UN high-seas treaty could effectively manage all fish species in international waters if it includes measures to address non-targeted species. The proposed treaty must close gaps in biodiversity governance to protect over 95% of deep ocean fish species that currently have no assessments.
Researchers developed a new model to study complex defects in silicon carbide crystals, explaining their characteristics on an atomic scale. The work provides a qualitative understanding of the impact of edge dislocations on material properties.
A new assay uses cell-free DNA to identify viruses and bacteria in the human body while also quantifying injuries to organs. This test is simple, fast, low-cost, and generalizable enough to identify thousands of pathogens, making it a major step towards personalizing therapy and making organ transplantation safer.
Extra-Tropical Storm Erin has merged with a frontal system off the US east coast, according to NASA data. Cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit indicate strong storms with heavy rainfall potential.
Researchers are studying how cells remove non-coding junk DNA to make sense of the remaining RNA instructions. By examining how simple organisms perform this task, scientists can gain insights into more complex lifeforms, including humans, and develop RNA-based therapeutics for diseases.
The University of Toledo will focus on water-splitting to produce hydrogen, a clean fuel for powering cars and rockets. The project aims to develop low-cost photoelectrodes for efficient hydrogen generation.
Researchers used a machine learning algorithm to analyze electrical patterns from lab-grown brains and compared them to premature babies' brain activity. The study found that the lab mini-brains produced similar electrical patterns as premature babies, with similar levels of electric activity following a similar pattern.
Researchers link changing ice volumes to deep-sea methane release, revealing three episodes of methane emission over the past 160,000 years. The findings suggest that ice sheet movements activated faults, releasing methane from the seabed.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that involving citizens in air quality research improves their understanding of pollution's impact on health. Citizens were encouraged to debate research and conduct their own studies, resulting in more accurate knowledge.
A 'Dream Team' of scientists has received a grant to develop powerful tools for manipulating genes in the blind Mexican cavefish, a model system for studying human diseases. The project aims to create precise gene expression and function through genomic tools commonly used in other fish models.
Cristina Watkins, a UTIA doctoral student, has won a national scholarship to study the connection between wilderness areas and diverse societies. Her research focuses on socio-demographic groups' values of wilderness areas and creating accessible opportunities for minority groups in outdoor recreation.
Researchers developed a new method to measure pore structure and water flow in soil, providing more accurate estimates of contaminant movement. This approach has implications for efficient resource use and understanding environmental toxins.