Researchers discovered that specific RNAs interact with multiple proteins, promoting aggregation and altering RNA splicing. This finding has implications for understanding complex diseases like Fragile X Tremor Syndrome.
Researchers discovered a group of deep-sea microbes called Hydrothermarchaeota that thrive in extreme environments and have never been cultivated. These microbes use an unusual metabolic process to obtain energy from carbon monoxide and sulfate, which could provide insights into the evolution of life on Earth.
Research suggests that bees' dispersal ability influences their population genetic structure, which can impact their response to environmental changes. Larger-bodied bees with social behaviors exhibit lower genetic diversity than smaller-bodied solitary species.
A new study found that high-risk HPV infection is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly among women with obesity or other cardiovascular risk factors. Women with high-risk HPV were 22% more likely to develop CVD, and those with obesity were nearly two-thirds more likely.
A recent study found that CPR initiated by dialysis staff can improve survival rates for patients experiencing cardiac arrest at outpatient facilities. However, this life-saving intervention is not always performed, with a rate of only 81% in cardiac arrest events.
Scientists have discovered a new compound that selectively activates the NPYLR7 receptor in female mosquitoes, suppressing their host-seeking and biting behaviors. This breakthrough could lead to new ways of controlling mosquito populations and preventing diseases like dengue, Zika, and yellow fever.
A recent study from the University of South Australia found that watching TV is strongly associated with obesity in children, even more so than other types of sitting. The research also revealed differences between boys' and girls' sedentary behaviors, with boys spending more time playing video games and having higher body fat.
The Vilcek Foundation awards $250,000 Prizes to immigrant scientists Angelika Amon, Amit Choudhary, Jeanne T. Paz, and Mikhail G. Shapiro for their pioneering work in human biology and disease research. Their discoveries have significant implications for understanding cell growth, cancer, and neurological disorders.
Researchers analyzed decades-old research papers to uncover the hidden work of female scientists in theoretical population biology. They found that women made up 43.2% of programmers mentioned in acknowledgements but only 7.4% of authors, highlighting a persistent historical bias.
Researchers have cataloged circular RNA in multiple cancers and identified it as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. The stable structure of circRNA makes it an ideal candidate for detecting cancer in blood or urine samples.
Certara has published four peer-reviewed papers on MIPD, outlining the vision and practical path for making individualized dosing a reality. MIPD uses computer modeling to predict optimal drug doses for patients based on their unique characteristics, especially those in vulnerable populations.
A case study documents a highly malignant bone tumor in a 240-million-year-old stem-turtle from the Triassic period. The appearance of the tumor conforms with present-day periosteal osteosarcoma in humans, providing valuable insights into the history of cancer in tetrapod evolution.
A new capsule has been developed to deliver oral doses of insulin, potentially replacing injections for people with type 2 diabetes. The capsule contains a small needle that releases insulin in the stomach, and its design allows it to orient itself to ensure contact with the stomach lining.
A new study finds that people with psychosis experience accelerated aging of brain networks important for general cognition, but at a faster rate than healthy individuals. This accelerated decline can be a promising target for early intervention and cognitive remediation strategies to improve functional outcomes.
A study found that phthalates, particularly DiNP and DEHP, can disrupt reproductive cycles and reduce fertility in female mice. The research suggests that these chemicals may impair fertility long after exposure has stopped.
A Texas A&M-led project will examine the culture and climate related to sexual harassment in STEM fields, aiming to prevent such incidents. The research aims to develop tools for universities to improve their handling of sexual harassment concerns.
A recent study by University of Guelph researchers found a 32% seafood mislabelling rate, with the problem persisting throughout the supply chain. The mislabelling rate was highest at retailers, indicating the role of distribution and repackaging in the issue.
A new study by Baylor College of Medicine researchers discovered two independent mechanisms contributing to tuberous sclerosis, a rare genetic disease. Glycogen accumulation is linked to mTORC1 hyperactivity in some cases, while other TSC2 mutations trigger defects in lysosome formation and glycogen digestion.
Researchers have discovered a 'sweet spot' where adding certain additives enhances perovskite solar cell performance, but beyond that point, further additions degrade it. The findings provide clues for improving the material's efficiency and longevity, which currently lags behind conventional silicon cells.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Cyclone Funani revealing a small pinhole eye surrounded by powerful thunderstorms. The storm rapidly intensified into a Category 4 hurricane with maximum sustained winds near 115 knots.
The Hubble Space Telescope has uncovered new insights into the weather patterns of Uranus and Neptune, revealing dynamic atmospheres with mysterious dark storms. The observations suggest that these storms form in a similar way to Jupiter's Great Red Spot and are driven by seasonal changes.
Research from Anglia Ruskin University found that calibrated smartphone cameras can significantly improve accuracy in eye examinations. The study used three smartphones and compared results to clinician diagnoses, highlighting the importance of camera calibration for telemedicine and AI applications.
Researchers sequenced mitochondrial genomes to understand penguin evolution, revealing two new extinct species on the Chatham Islands. The discovery sheds light on how humans impacted New Zealand's marine biodiversity in the past.
A new study by psychologists and information scientists found that the ability to forget information can lead to better economic decisions and reduced cognitive load. Participants who used an information system reported feeling less stressed and having more time to recall details of other products.
Researchers have identified a therapy derived from parasitic worms that can downregulate proinflammatory pathways and reduce inflammation caused by chemotherapy. The treatment, IPSE, targets the source of inflammation, reversing damage to the bladder lining.
Researchers found that silencing microRNA-132 improved insulin secretion and reduced blood glucose in mice and human islet cells. The study suggests antagomir-132 as a potential treatment approach for type 2 diabetes.
A study tested minimally-invasive surgery for brain bleeds and found it didn't improve functional recovery compared to medical therapy. However, the procedure was associated with fewer deaths and improved outcomes in patients with smaller blood clots.
A new study from Yale University confirms that people with antibodies to dengue virus were less likely to become infected with Zika during the 2015 outbreak. This finding highlights the importance of dengue immunity in preventing Zika transmission and potentially reducing outbreaks in tropical regions.
A team at Northumbria University discovered a distinctive marker on magnetic waves in the Sun's corona, indicating that sound waves from inside the Sun excite these waves. This finding suggests a new fundamental constant of the Sun and has significant implications for our understanding of stellar atmospheres.
A research team at Tohoku University has created a new material for supercapacitors with exceptional stability under harsh conditions, exceeding conventional activated carbons by 2.7 times in voltage stability.
Scientists at the University of Toronto are developing a new nanoparticle sensor technology to detect and visually identify pathogens that cause Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). The system, called OptiSolve Insight, will enable rapid detection and effective decontamination of surfaces, potentially reducing illness rates.
Research reveals three genome regions control butterfly mating behavior, explaining why hybrids are rare. The study also finds that despite genetic mixing, distinct species traits remain intact due to natural selection. Further research may apply lessons from butterflies to human evolution and behavior.
A nationwide clinical trial aims to investigate the effects of lifestyle interventions on brain health and cognitive function in older adults. The U.S. POINTER study, funded by a $35 million grant, will compare two lifestyle interventions focusing on healthy diet, physical activity, and social challenges.
Researchers created a fabric with conductive metal coating that can gate infrared radiation, allowing for instant cooling or insulation. The fabric's dynamic properties are ideal for regulating body temperature in various environments.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a new approach to shifting breast cancer cells into HER2-positive status using RNA-targeting precision medicines. The proof-of-concept study suggests that this technology could expand treatment options for patients with dwindling choices.
Researchers at Penn State discovered a simple drug cocktail that converts glial cells into functional new neurons, which can survive for over seven months in a lab culture. The approach has promising implications for treating neurological disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease, with the potential to be used in a pill form.
Erika Camacho, an associate professor at Arizona State University, received the 2019 AAAS Mentor Award for guiding hundreds of underrepresented Ph.D. students to completion. Her research focuses on mathematical modeling for biology and sociology, and she has also mentored over 600 undergraduates.
A new ingestible device, inspired by a tortoise's shell, can inject drugs through the stomach wall, overcoming challenges of oral delivery. The device has been shown to achieve similar insulin plasma levels as traditional subcutaneous injections in animal studies.
A study by the University of Washington's Social Development Research Group examines parents' attitudes and challenges around marijuana use, highlighting the need for guidance and education. Parents want to learn how to talk to their kids about marijuana risks and effects, and seek information from trustworthy sources.
Researchers create a new type of self-healing material that exhibits properties such as toughness and shape memory. The material autonomously heals under mechanical damage, including in water and aqueous acid and alkaline solutions, without the need for external energy or stimulus.
A large clinical study found that intensive glucose management after stroke did not improve functional outcomes and increased the risk of low blood sugar. The results provide a clear answer to the long-held debate on blood sugar control after stroke.
Researchers from University of Freiburg successfully prepared the elusive chromium hexacarbonyl cation, a key compound for basic research and applications. The team used standard laboratory equipment and common solvents to fill the stable compound into bottles as a solution and crystals.
Researchers analyzed data from third-graders to find that religion positively correlates with social psychological development but negatively affects academic performance in math and science. The study suggests that religion is a mixed blessing for children's development.
An international team has quantified the entire trench-wide volume of marine sediments remobilized by the magnitude 9 Tohoku-oki earthquake in 2011, transporting over 1 Tg of carbon to ocean depths. The study highlights the importance of deep-sea trenches in the global carbon cycle.
In a study by Goethe University Frankfurt researchers, male amphipods demonstrated choosiness in their mating behavior. The degree of choosiness was found to be influenced by population density in their natural environments.
A study led by the Brazilian Ministry of Health found that dengue immunity can protect against Zika infection in human populations. In a cohort of 1,453 residents, those with dengue antibodies had a 9% reduction in risk of Zika infection for each doubling of antibody titers.
A new study by ELSI researchers suggests life thrived on Earth 3.5 billion years ago, based on analysis of ancient sulfur isotope ratios. The findings provide new insights into microbial metabolism and its impact on the geochemical record.
Researchers found that cold temperatures cause consumers to rely more on emotions when making decisions, favoring products with sentimental value. This phenomenon may benefit luxury retailers who sell emotion-laden products.
A new drug candidate, givosiran, has shown promising results in treating acute porphyria by preventing attacks and reducing hemin need by up to 83%, according to a recent clinical trial. The study's lead author notes that the treatment can effectively prevent acute attacks in seriously afflicted patients with limited options.
Researchers have developed a novel DNA vaccine capable of inducing protective immunity against the Mayaro virus, which causes fever, rash, and joint pain. The vaccine demonstrated complete protection from death and clinical signs of infection in a mouse model, offering a promising solution for combating this emerging infectious disease.
A recent study found that many cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis remain undetected due to inaccurate tests, leading to incorrect treatment and higher mortality rates. The researchers recommend developing new, comprehensive point-of-care molecular tests that can deliver results within hours or days.
A recent study by researchers at Witten/Herdecke University and the University of Cambridge found that drinking too much alcohol will still cause a hangover regardless of the order in which it is consumed. Hangovers are associated with dehydration, immune response, and disturbances in metabolism and hormone regulation.
A team of researchers at Duke University has determined the structure of the TRPM8 protein, which is responsible for sensing cold and menthol. The findings suggest that PIP2 and cooling agents like menthol cooperate to control structural changes in TRPM8, potentially leading to new treatments for chronic pain and migraine.
Researchers at Binghamton University have found that Aedes aegypti mosquitoes can use their antennae to detect sounds from surprisingly far away, with some frequencies important for human speech.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a direct connection between gene regulation and metabolic pathways in cancer cells, enabling them to adapt to hostile environments. The study's findings reveal three stable metabolic states that cancer cells can adopt to evade therapies.
A novel ruthenium-based catalyst has shown markedly better performance than commercial platinum catalysts in alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen production. The electrochemical splitting of water to produce hydrogen is a crucial step in the development of hydrogen as a clean, environmentally friendly fuel.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have developed a new process to create polymers from sulfur, which could lead to more sustainable plastics. The discovery, published in Nature Communications, uses a catalytic process that reduces reaction times and temperatures, making it more efficient and environmentally friendly.
Researchers at Penn State have released open-access satellite data to track seasonal population movements in Niger and Nigeria. This data can be used to address research questions in fields ranging from agriculture to epidemiology, particularly for infectious diseases and public health interventions.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University developed a computational tool to analyze genetic variations in immune system genes, revealing a rich pattern of deletions and duplications. This discovery sheds light on the critical importance of these genomic regions for understanding the immune system and predicting diseases.
A study from McGill University reveals that a virus infecting the Leishmania parasite exploits cell-to-cell communication to spread and evade detection. This discovery could lead to effective vaccines against leishmaniasis, a disease causing severe disfiguration in tropical areas.