A study examines how landscape plants contribute to greenhouse gas emissions during production and use, with life cycle assessment revealing the dominant contributor is equipment use. Modifying activities in landscape plant production can reduce carbon footprint and promote environmentally friendly behavior.
A new study reveals that certain children with strep throat are more susceptible to repeated tonsil infections due to smaller germinal centers in their tonsils and lower antibody levels against a key bacterial toxin. Genetic variations have also been identified as a risk factor for the disease.
Providers' reluctance to prescribe PrEP stems from concerns about increased risk-taking behavior among users. However, research suggests that PrEP can facilitate healthy sexual behaviors and enhance overall well-being. The authors propose strategies to mitigate biases and promote patient-centered care for PrEP dissemination.
A multicenter trial found that administering a nitroglycerin patch in an ambulance did not reduce post-stroke disability. In fact, it worsened outcomes for patients with brain bleeds, indicating that the treatment should not be used very early after stroke.
A new IIASA study suggests that it is possible to neutralize the natural gas threat from thawing permafrost in the Arctic by controlling human emissions. The researchers found that reducing man-made methane emissions can outweigh a large Arctic natural emission increase, making it manageable.
A new welfare tool has been developed to track the wellbeing of elephants in human care, using their behaviour and demeanour. The tool is being used by UK zoos and safari parks to assess the impact of changes in animal husbandry and develop facilities that enhance elephant welfare.
A new study suggests that estrogen plays a crucial role in the brain's response to methamphetamine, with female rats showing a stronger response due to higher levels of estrogen. This finding has important implications for developing more effective male- and female-specific treatments for addiction.
Two studies reveal pregnant women face a significantly greater risk of hemorrhagic stroke, with some groups facing even higher risks. Women with pre-existing medical conditions and those with abnormal blood vessel tangles in the brain are at particular risk.
Gypsum, recovered from coal-fired power plants, is a rich source of calcium and sulfur, promoting better root development and reducing aluminum toxicity. Its application also improves soil structure, reducing erosion and phosphorus movement, benefiting various crops like corn and alfalfa.
A recent study found substantial variability in organ donation from drug-intoxication-related deaths, with major increases reported in the Northeast, Midwest, and Southwest. The research estimates that 6.24 hearts are recovered from every 1,000 lives lost to drug intoxication.
A smaller portion of fish and chips has been developed by Newcastle University researchers, with the introduction of the Lite-BITE box. This smaller meal option, weighing around 600 calories, has been well-received by both customers and takeaway owners in the North of England and Scotland.
A recent study found that elk avoid areas with extensive tree mortality due to bark-beetle epidemics. This avoidance leads to a decline in preferred habitat for elk, impacting wildlife and land managers managing populations in affected areas.
Researchers found that interactive features on websites can discourage some users from adopting healthy behaviors, particularly among smokers with limited tech familiarity. In contrast, engaging features helped power users (nonsmokers) absorb and believe anti-smoking messages more accurately.
High-need, high-cost patients account for 50% of US healthcare spending. Patients identify care management, telemedicine, and home health visits as beneficial solutions to prevent ED overuse. Care management helps with appointment scheduling and reminders, while home-based services enhance patient convenience and comfort.
A study of 190 Australian women found that workplace sexism is associated with a poorer sense of belonging, leading to poorer mental health and job satisfaction. Integrated strategies can improve mental health but better addressing sexism is key
Researchers found a direct connection between river bend curvature and migration rate, with sharper bends causing higher erosion rates and faster migrations. The study used satellite data to track river migration in the Amazon Basin over 30 years.
Scientists at UCSF have developed the world's largest virtual pharmacology platform, enabling them to screen hundreds of millions of never-before-synthesized compounds for potential drugs. The platform has identified remarkably potent antibacterial and psychiatric drug candidates.
Fibrosis, a major complication of butterfly syndrome, is driven by the protein TSP1 and its activation of TGF-beta signaling. Researchers have identified a potential treatment by inhibiting TSP1, reducing fibrosis in tissue-engineered models.
A study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery found that rotator cuff muscle stem cells have a higher propensity to develop into fat cells, leading to fatty infiltration and weakening of the muscles. This genetic basis may explain why rotator cuff tears are difficult to rehabilitate.
Researchers compared visual processing skills in hearing and deaf infants aged 7-22 months and found that deaf infants took longer to habituate to new objects and looked away less often. This highlights a difference in how the infants process information, even when it's not auditory in nature.
Researchers at University of Queensland found that corals from the 'twilight zone' can grow faster in shallow light environments, offering a potential solution to preserving coral habitats. The study suggests that mesophotic corals can thrive with limited light, challenging current views of these deep-water ecosystems.
A study found that grandchildren of adolescent mothers have lower school readiness scores and lag behind in physical and social development. The multigenerational effect suggests that interventions targeting children born to adolescent mothers should also consider their own grandchildren.
A new study found that fractures in older adults have lasting impacts on health-related quality of life. Women with hip or spine fractures experienced significant declines in mobility and self-care, with some never recovering to pre-fracture levels.
A large pilot study confirms HPV screening is practical on a large scale and more sensitive than smear testing, detecting substantially more cervical lesions and cancer. The study's findings support extending screening intervals to at least five years without increasing the risk of potentially life-threatening disease.
Princeton researchers have demonstrated a new way of making controllable 'quantum wires' in the presence of a magnetic field. They found channels of conducting electrons that form between two quantum states on the surface of a bismuth crystal subjected to a high magnetic field. The current flow in these channels can be turned on and of...
InDevR's new VaxArray kit offers a standardized method to measure neuraminidase in influenza vaccines, improving accuracy and precision. This assay is expected to aid in the development of more broadly protective flu vaccines by enabling manufacturers to meet current regulatory requirements.
A new psychology study by New York University and Princeton University found that describing science as actions, rather than identities, encourages girls to show greater persistence in science activities. The study suggests that efforts encouraging girls to enter science might benefit from focusing on the activity of doing science.
A study led by John Wood, MD, PhD, finds that patients with sickle cell disease experience reduced oxygen delivery to the white matter of the brain, despite normal total oxygen delivery. This disparity leads to debilitating silent strokes with significant effects on executive function.
Patrick D. Lyden, MD, is recognized for his contributions to stroke treatment and management through the development of tPA and refinement of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. He continues to advance stroke care through clinical trials and research on neuroprotection.
A new study simulates the effects of melting ice sheets on ocean temperatures and circulation patterns, as well as air temperatures, by 2100. The research predicts significant disruptions to ocean currents and increased warming around the world.
Researchers found that self-compassion exercises calmed the heart rate and reduced stress responses in healthy individuals. This approach has been linked to improved mental health outcomes and may be beneficial for people with depression. Future studies aim to investigate this method further.
Researchers found that NSAID carprofen triggered low-grade inflammation in the heart and kidneys, amplifying cardiorenal syndrome. Biomarkers of kidney injury increased, indicating compromised glomerular structure integrity.
A Stanford University School of Medicine investigation discovered that common opioids are less effective for patients taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depression. This interaction may lead to reduced pain relief and increased risk of opioid abuse.
Researchers found that variations in a single gene led to changes in phosphorus release and calcium uptake in fish, potentially triggering ecosystem-wide effects. The study suggests a link between genetic variation and ecological implications, highlighting the importance of understanding how species adapt to their environments.
A recent study found that only fair agreement exists between clinicians' diagnosis of fibromyalgia and the published criteria used by the American College of Rheumatology. Clinicians failed to identify nearly half of patients who met the criteria, highlighting a need for improved diagnostic methods.
The Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Foundation (NETRF) has awarded $2.5 million in grants to support research into neuroendocrine cancers, including lung NETs. These grants will fund projects exploring various innovative therapies, such as CAR T-cell therapy and photodynamic therapy.
Researchers have developed an AI program that can automatically identify six species of foraminifera, microscopic marine organisms prevalent in Earth's oceans for over 100 million years. The AI uses convolutional neural networks to analyze images of the organisms' shells, providing insights into ocean characteristics and climate change.
Tropical Storm Funani is experiencing heavy rainfall southwest of its center, with rain falling at a rate of 1.2 inches per hour. The storm is rapidly strengthening and will intensify to 105 knots within two days before weakening.
Researchers have found a link between autism, serotonin levels and digestive issues in zebrafish. By replicating a mutation in the SHANK3 gene, they discovered a drastic reduction in serotonin-producing cells, which may lead to treatments for gastrointestinal symptoms.
The review finds that while antibiotic development has improved, the most recently approved drugs represent modifications to existing classes rather than innovative approaches. Unmet needs persist due to a lack of treatment options for multidrug-resistant infections.
Scientists have created an 'unclonable' tag that can never be replicated, using physical unclonable functions (PUFs) with microparticles forming random patterns. The system correctly identified 76% of the tags, with estimated 2.5 x 10^120 unique codes.
A Japanese study found an increase in cervical cancer rates, with a rise in incidence despite improved treatment survival rates. Younger patients surprisingly showed less resistance to radiation therapy, while older individuals had better outcomes for localized cancers.
A team of researchers led by Professor Kang Taek Lee developed a new electrode material that uses nickel to improve the oxidation reaction efficiency of hydrogen. The material exhibits high-performance and high-durability due to the controlled exsolution of nano metal catalysts, which helps stabilize the fuel cell's performance.
Acarbose, a type II diabetes drug, changes the gut microbiome in a reversible and diet-dependent way, according to new research. The findings suggest that more attention should be paid to how medications affect the gut microbiome, particularly for diabetes treatments.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland explores how norms related to touch are reproduced through embodied emotions, influenced by Finland's historical trauma and childcare ideals. The researchers analysed a unique set of data, namely touch biographies, which narrate individuals' lives through their touching experiences.
Researchers found epigenetic changes in the brain's emotional center that last a lifetime, leading to increased risk of psychological problems and addiction. Early-onset drinkers showed reduced BDNF levels, which can impair normal brain development.
Excessive weight gain in early childhood can lead to higher cholesterol levels, central fat, and cardiovascular disease risk in teenagers. A new study found that earlier onset of high BMI in children under two years is associated with more severe health outcomes.
A historian at UNH reveals that popular TV show 'Downton Abbey' presents a sanitized version of life in post-Edwardian England, airbrushing over harsh realities like poverty and sexism. The show's creators aimed to create a more palatable experience for modern audiences.
Researchers at the University of Seville developed a predictive method to quantify energy and economic savings from using smart lighting control systems. The study found that these systems can generate significant energy savings, especially when paired with efficient LED lighting.
A study of over 8 million albums from 1956 to 2015 reveals that new musical styles emerge as a result of counter-signaling from outsider groups. This challenges traditional theories on the evolution of fashion and trends in music, highlighting the role of elite competition in driving innovation.
Researchers discovered a novel metabolic pathway in cancer cells that produces an unusual fatty acid, sapienate, allowing them to bypass fatty acid metabolism inhibition. This finding can explain the resistance of certain cancer types to therapy and opens new avenues for targeted treatment.
A recent study found that over 30% of healthcare reviews fail to fully report potential side effects of medical interventions, highlighting the need for more accurate reporting and proactive approaches to prompt reviewers to include these critical details.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a chemical conversion process that can transform polyolefin waste into valuable products, including polymers, naphtha, and clean fuels. The technology has the potential to boost recycling profits and reduce global plastic waste stock.
Researchers found that eliminating protein YTHDF1 boosts dendritic cell activity, leading to better immune response against cancer. This discovery opens new avenues for cancer treatment and may lead to effective combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors or dendritic cell vaccines.
Researchers have developed a new technique using machine learning to classify large datasets of camera trap images, reducing the time needed for analysis. The computer can identify species with high accuracy and also learn to distinguish between empty images, greatly increasing efficiency.
A multi-pronged effort will be launched to combat cervical cancer in Malawi, with a focus on early screening and same-day treatment of precancerous lesions using thermocoagulation. The project aims to increase the number of women screened and treated, and decrease loss to follow up.
A new study found that prenatal maternal depression affects infants' temperament, with those born to depressed mothers experiencing greater distress and lower emotional regulation. The negative impact was amplified when pregnant women lived through Superstorm Sandy.
Researchers found that combining metformin with venetoclax and a PD-1-targeted antibody can efficiently kill breast tumor cells and prevent tumor growth. The treatment strategy was tested in animal models and showed promising results.
The BMJ launches a 'give us a break' campaign calling for adequate rest breaks for doctors, addressing wellbeing and patient safety concerns. Nearly 36,000 junior doctors have reported working hour issues since 2016, highlighting the need for improved breaks.
Dr. Ami Pflugrad-Jackisch will use the NEH fellowship to complete her book 'The World of Westover: Mary Willing Byrd, Gender, Slavery, and the Economics of Citizenship in Revolutionary Virginia.' The study examines how Byrd's interactions with the state, military, and market were out of the ordinary for a woman during that time.