A University of Illinois study developed an algorithm to predict both end-of-season yield and grain composition by analyzing weather patterns during three critical periods in corn development. The predictions apply to the entire Midwest corn crop and could influence global markets for animal feed applications.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have created a new model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease, which points to molecular causes and potential treatments. The model, reported in Cell Reports, removes a major obstacle for scientists seeking to understand the disease.
A study of 223 restaurant meals in six countries found 94% exceed recommended daily calorie intake. Popular meals like Brazil's rice and chicken dish contain up to 1656 kcal.
Researchers at FAU have identified TRM cells as a key player in inducing acute inflammatory episodes in bowel diseases, leading to flare-ups and tissue damage. Patients with high proportions of these cells are more likely to experience severe symptoms.
The Lung Cancer Master Protocol (Lung-MAP) is expanding to include patients with all types of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancers. This will allow thousands of new patients to enroll in the trial and benefit from investigational drugs, addressing a significant need for new treatments.
A team of researchers has demonstrated that laser-generated crystals in glass can be manipulated to control their ferroelectric domain structure. This allows for the creation of new optical devices with high efficiency and low loss links, crucial for future quantum information transfer systems.
A recent study published in the journal Nutrients found that vegan meals increased beneficial gastrointestinal hormones in individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and healthy participants. This increase in gut hormones can help regulate blood sugar, enhance insulin secretion, promote satiety, and support weight management.
A University of Queensland-led study found that environmental legislation is failing to protect the southern black-throated finch's habitat, leading to a steep decline in its population. The research highlights the need to halt the decline of this bird's habitat to prevent extinction.
A new study found that smoked cannabis as an adjunctive therapy can be both effective and cost-effective in treating chronic peripheral neuropathy. The research simulated its use in one million patients and compared it to usual care, finding that cannabis was a viable alternative.
Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and Pacific Biosciences successfully assembled the genetic code of a single Anopheles coluzzii mosquito, opening doors to understanding genetic diversity in insects. The breakthrough reduces DNA needed for genome sequencing by an order of magnitude, enabling studies on previously inaccessibl...
A new study published in the European Journal of Neurology found that women are more likely to experience severe depression following a stroke, with 20% of women suffering from severe depression compared to 10% of men. The study suggests that women's social relationships and longer lifespan contribute to this increased risk.
Researchers from the University of Waterloo discovered that a balanced mix of emotions improves wisdom. Wise reasoning no longer requires uniform emotional control but rather recognizing multiple perspectives and integrating them for compromise. This study provides new insights into the relationship between wisdom, emotion, and balance.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new reusable adhesive that activates quickly and maintains strong adhesion underwater. The shape memory polymers (SMPs) can be manipulated to transition between two states, allowing for reversible dry adhesion and enabling applications such as wet or submerged wall mounting.
Outpatient care in the US has varying levels of quality for adults with and without primary care, influenced by factors like socioeconomic status and access to healthcare services. Healthcare utilization patterns among this demographic are an important area of research to improve healthcare outcomes.
A study by Rutgers researchers found that many inmates want to quit smoking but lack resources and education to help them. The researchers recommend increasing tobacco dependence treatments, prison-wide cessation programs, and helping former smokers influence other inmates.
Researchers at the University of Connecticut created a sensor using iron oxide nanoparticles in silicone that can detect pressure, temperature, and vibration, as well as magnetic fields and sound waves. The sensor could potentially help burn victims feel again and serve as an early warning for workers exposed to high magnetic fields.
Researchers at Rice University argue that photoluminescence, not Raman scattering, is responsible for the remarkable light-emitting properties of metal nanoparticles. This breakthrough could lead to improvements in solar-cell efficiency and the development of new biosensors.
Researchers at UNIGE have deciphered the fundamental role of the Not1 protein in regulating ribosome activity, allowing proteins to assemble at the right time and place. This discovery sheds light on a crucial element of cellular machinery and its potential link to diseases.
A Baylor University study found that Facebook memes of Donald Trump in the 2016 election focused more on his hairstyle and facial expressions than on his policy, while those of Hillary Clinton centered on the email scandal and her relationships. The study also revealed that most pages featuring Trump had a higher following than those f...
Scientists at the University of Missouri developed a patient-specific vaccine to treat osteosarcoma in dogs, avoiding chemotherapy and improving survival rates. The treatment has shown promising results, with dogs receiving immunotherapy experiencing over 400 days of remission compared to 270 days for those receiving chemotherapy.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a faulty molecular brake that interferes with the heart muscle's ability to contract and relax. The study found that a mutation in the MyBPC3 gene leads to an overactive motor that propels abnormal muscle contractions, causing the heart to beat too much and relax poorly.
A clinical trial led by Wake Forest School of Medicine found that intensive control of blood pressure significantly reduced the risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older people. MCI is a precursor to early dementia and increases the risk of dementia progression, but reversion to normal cognition is possible.
A team of researchers analyzed Anchiornis feathers to understand the evolution of flight in dinosaurs and birds. They found that Anchiornis feathers contained both beta-keratins and alpha-keratins, a combination not seen in modern feathers.
A study published in Nature Sustainability identified 226 food production shocks across 134 nations over a 53-year period. The research found that extreme weather events and geopolitical factors are major drivers of these shocks, posing a growing danger to global food production.
A comprehensive package of interventions could avert 15.1 million new hepatitis C infections and 1.5 million cirrhosis and liver cancer deaths globally by 2030. Implementing comprehensive blood safety and infection control measures was estimated to reduce the number of new infections in 2030 by 58%.
A new study finds that stress increases rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, associated with genes involved in cell death and survival. The research suggests that changes in REM sleep may contribute to mood disorders like depression by activating signaling pathways in the brain.
Researchers analyzed 5 birds-of-paradise species' genomes, identifying genes linked to coloration, morphology, and feather development. The study provides insights into the evolutionary mechanisms behind the extraordinary plumage of these birds.
A study published in Arthritis & Rheumatology found that prescription opioids are commonly used long-term to treat pain in older patients with severe osteoarthritis. The study also revealed substantial statewide variation in rates of treatment with long-term opioid therapy for osteoarthritis, which was not fully explained by difference...
Researchers developed cassava with significantly higher iron and zinc concentrations through genetic modification, which can improve diets and health in West Africa. The 'biofortified' cassava retains mineral levels after processing and cooking, providing a nutritionally available source of essential micronutrients.
Researchers discovered that EZH2 mutations disrupt chromatin organization, leading to increased tumor growth and altered gene expression. Inhibiting mutated EZH2 restores normal gene regulation, highlighting its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
Researchers develop flexible, inexpensive material to convert Wi-Fi signals into electricity. The new device can power large-area electronics, wearables, medical devices, and more with a maximum output efficiency of 40 percent.
Researchers studied blood flow and mechanical networks to understand how biological systems perform tasks. They found that both types of networks can accomplish multiple functions, despite differing physical principles.
The Alzheimer's Association has awarded funding for the SPRINT MIND 2.0 Study, which aims to investigate intensive blood pressure treatment and its impact on reducing dementia risk. The study will continue to follow up trial participants with two years of additional assessment.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have discovered the TrkB receptor system's role in forming neural networks. Activating this system increases complex functionally active neural networks with high transmission efficiency of nerve impulses, essential for learning and memory.
Research finds that plerixafor reduces fibrosis and improves response to immunotherapy in mouse models of metastatic breast cancer. Fibrosis blocks effectiveness of immunotherapies, but CXCR4 inhibition enhances immune cell infiltration and decreases formation of spontaneous metastases.
Researchers found that extratropical eruptions produce strong hemispheric cooling in proportion to their sulfur release, contrary to the assumed weaker impact. This study sheds light on the importance of injection height and helps quantify volcanic eruptions' past climate variability effects.
The Interdisciplinary Quantum Information Research and Engineering (Inquire) instrument enables researchers in various fields to benefit from quantum resources, including entangled photons. Researchers can send photons into the central hub for high-tech imaging or receive entangled photons for secure communication.
Fish and birds are able to move in groups without separating or colliding due to the interaction of followers with their leader's wake. This phenomenon allows slower followers to keep up with faster-flapping leaders by surfing on their wake, enabling efficient energy harvesting from natural resources.
A new study published in the International Journal of Cardiology confirms that diets rich in palmitic and stearic acid, found in meats, increase cardiovascular risk. In contrast, eating fewer long-chain saturated fats and consuming plant-based proteins lowers the risk of myocardial infarction.
Researchers measured hundreds of individual quantum energy levels in the buckyball, revealing its intricate structure and enabling new insights into extreme quantum complexity. The findings have potential applications in quantum computing and astrophysics.
A new study led by the University of Arizona found that larger-brained dogs outperform smaller dogs in measures of executive functions. The research, which used data from over 7,000 purebred domestic dogs, showed that bigger breeds have better short-term memory and self-control.
Russian scientists discovered that abandoned arable land is immediately overgrown with forest if there are no grass fires, contradicting the previous assumption of a five-year wait period. Grass fires significantly influence vegetation growth and density on former agricultural fields.
Researchers at Iowa State University discovered a link between the satiety hormone Cholecystokinin and reduced Alzheimer's disease risk, with higher levels associated with a 65% decrease in cognitive impairment. The study suggests that dietary factors may play a role in preventing or slowing disease progression.
A personalized decision aid failed to help surrogate decision makers and clinicians agree on treatment goals for critically ill patients. Nearly all surrogates chose a more aggressive treatment goal despite the aid being based on their patient's values.
A Phase 1 clinical trial is underway at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center to test two experimental Ebola vaccines, ChAd3-EBO-Z and MVA-BN-Filo, for their safety and ability to produce an immune response. The trial aims to enroll up to 60 healthy volunteers between 18-45 years of age.
A UBC researcher has developed a method to analyze behaviour change counselling sessions, enabling counsellors to identify what makes interventions work. By examining minute details of interactions between clients and practitioners, the new approach helps counsellors promote positive changes in their patients.
Researchers at Osaka University used large biobanks to fine-map the key immunity-related part of the genome, revealing significant associations with diseases and traits. The study found that single genes can influence multiple traits, a phenomenon known as pleiotropy.
Researchers developed a general and scalable biosynthesis strategy to produce uniform bulk nanocomposites composed of bacterial cellulose and nanoscale building blocks. The method successfully produces nanocomposites with high mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and tunable carbon nanotube content.
A new research model predicts gentrification in US neighborhoods based on people, place, and policy factors. The study finds that diversity, access to jobs, and housing quality are key predictors of gentrification, highlighting the role of urban planners in shaping neighborhood change.
A first-in-human study demonstrated the ability of a new class of antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics to target the liver, resulting in improved potency and safety at therapeutic doses. The study showed that the conjugated drug was up to 30-fold more potent than the parent antisense oligonucleotide.
A new technique using micropipette force sensors measures the tiny forces exerted by living cells and microorganisms with high precision. The method allows for testing the reaction of cells to environmental factors and has potential applications in biomedicine, such as identifying drugs for infectious diseases.
A study of Twitter activity reveals that viral videos of exotic animals can fuel demand for them as pets. Researchers analyzed nearly 14,000 tweets mentioning pet or captive lemurs and found a significant spike in searches for 'pet lemur' after a popular video went viral.
A research team has developed a novel method for fabricating functional bacterial cellulose through in situ fermentation of Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans. The new approach provides environmentally friendly conditions, lower production costs, and controlled distribution of functional moieties.
Researchers have identified a new group of massive viruses, known as megaphages, that target specific bacteria found in the guts of individuals eating non-Western, high-fiber diets. These phages, which are 10 times larger than average phages, can carry genes that exacerbate human illnesses and may move between humans and animals.
A Northwestern University team has developed a novel material that can self-heal within seconds when scratched or cracked, preventing localized corrosion. The coating, inspired by fluids, flows and reconnects to rapidly heal, even after repeated damage.
A no-deal Brexit is predicted to result in the greatest price hikes for imported fruits and vegetables, leading to a substantial drop in intake. This could contribute to an estimated 12,400 extra cardiovascular deaths over the next decade in England.
A study of 2,400 Canadian children found that higher screen time at ages 2 and 3 was associated with poorer performance on developmental screening measures by age 5. The opposite association wasn't observed, suggesting potential drawbacks to excessive screen time in young children.
A computer-based decision aid did not alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, or post-traumatic stress for family caregivers making end-of-life decisions. The tool's recommendations were often disregarded in favor of more aggressive treatment options.
A new mathematical model describes how ion adsorption affects biological membranes' electrical properties at different pH levels. The model reveals that calcium ions have a greater ability to adsorb than barium ions, with hydroxide-containing ions being more readily absorbed.
Developed with NSF funding, SETA (Scalable Event Trend Analytics) is an open-source software that analyzes high-volume data streams in real time to provide actionable insights. It helps organizations make data-driven decisions quickly, enabling applications like autonomous vehicle networks and healthcare.