Researchers successfully control virus replication in mosquitoes using Wolbachia, which reduces the risk of human disease. The study shows promise for long-term efficacy of Wolbachia as a control option for mosquito-transmitted diseases.
Researchers at FutureNeuro have discovered molecules in the blood that are higher in people with epilepsy before a seizure happens. These molecules are fragments of transfer RNAs (tRNAs), which could serve as an early warning system for predicting seizures.
A prospective study found that higher levels of abdominal and thigh fat are associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Men with a lower BMI showed a stronger association between visceral fat and advanced prostate cancer. Lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, may also reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
Researchers analyzed fossil records and ecological models to find that many tropical birds were formerly suited to high-latitude areas, and rapid climatic changes may prompt distributional shifts. Climate change is likely to drive extinctions and alter bird populations over time.
A cobalt-manganese-based nanocatalyst efficiently catalyzes the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide into liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The catalyst enables fuel production at lower temperatures than traditional methods without forming harmful byproducts.
Researchers at Nanjing University have developed a novel RNAi therapy using plant-derived silencing RNAs to inhibit HBsAg expression in mice, showing potential for affordable and effective treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The approach uses methylated short interfering sequences produced by plant endogenous microRNA biogenesis machiner...
A new case study published in the Journal of Palliative Medicine reports a unique example of a patient with ALS who overcame nausea and vomiting linked to chronic cannabis use by reducing, but not discontinuing, cannabis use. This finding adds to clinicians' ability to respond to rare adverse effects of medical cannabis use.
A Mount Sinai study found improved asthma control and quality of life in older patients, with a significant reduction in emergency department visits. The study tested a patient-tailored self-management support intervention, which targeted social determinants of health and achieved meaningful improvements.
Researchers used AI to train neural networks on complex behavioral tasks, revealing two distinct processes involved in short-term memory. These processes include a 'silent' process where the brain stores memories without ongoing neural activity, and a more active process where circuits of neurons fire continuously.
Trichoplax harbors two unusual bacterial symbionts that live in specific host cells, with Grellia residing in the endoplasmic reticulum and Ruthmannia in cells used for digestion. This discovery reveals a sophisticated level of complexity in Trichoplax.
A team of researchers discovered that Antarctic fishes evolved genetic changes long before the continent cooled, mirroring human bone diseases like osteoporosis. This finding highlights that some adaptations used by fishes are similar to disease states in humans.
A clinical trial found that teplizumab, an immunotherapy drug, can delay the onset of type 1 diabetes in people at high risk. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed a median delay of two years in children and adults.
Professor Patrizio Antici's In-Air PIL technique analyzes chemical composition and crystal characteristics of artworks, reducing complexity and costs. The method has potential applications in cultural heritage conservation and material science.
A UC Riverside researcher is leading a three-year study to investigate the long-term impact of cannabis exposure on metabolic diseases like Type 2 diabetes. The project aims to explore how cannabis affects glucose homeostasis and its relationship with the endocannabinoid system.
A new study found that replacing one food item with a lower-impact alternative can significantly reduce an individual's carbon footprint. The research, based on the diets of 16,000 people, suggests that making just one substitution of poultry for beef resulted in an average reduction of dietary greenhouse gases by about half.
Research by David Kisailus and Pablo Zavattieri reveals the telson's secret, unlocking a helicoidal structure that prevents cracks from growing and dissipates energy. The study finds that the telson's carinae ridges stiffen it along its axis while flexing inward when forces are applied perpendicular to its long axis.
A new USC study suggests that viewing viral videos of police shootings and detained immigrants may be spurring mental-health issues in adolescents of color. The research found that Hispanic participants reported more depressive symptoms, while female participants reported more depressive and PTSD symptoms than male participants.
A machine learning platform called AirSurf-Lettuce uses computer vision and deep learning to categorize lettuce crops in fields, measuring quantity, size, and location. This technology can help reduce yield loss up to 30% by providing precise harvest times and improving crop management decisions.
Researchers are using chemical processes and 'magic' microbes to break down insensitive high explosives, including DNAN and NTO, into environmentally benign compounds. The goal is to make the removal process simpler and more effective for groundwater remediation.
Researchers at UC Davis have found a new candidate for dark matter, a magnetic monopole particle that could interact with 'dark photons'. This new theory offers a potential way to detect dark matter particles streaming through the universe. However, the predicted phase shift is extremely small, making detection challenging.
Researchers say education is primary driver of true demographic dividend, regardless of changing age structures. A new model proposes that a strong demographic dividend can be gained from more working-age individuals who are better educated.
The world's largest scientific nutrition research project found that individual responses to the same foods are unique, even between identical twins. This study challenges traditional dietary guidelines and suggests a personalized approach to nutrition for better long-term health benefits.
The study determined the structure of the RebA protein, which synthesizes the plant's high-intensity sweetness. The researchers found that the plant enzyme decorates a core terpene scaffold with three special sugars to create the sweetness.
Interannual fluctuations in phosphorus concentrations and iron-rich dust transport are reported in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Climate variation leads to oscillations between iron-limited and phosphorus-limited states, with significant correlations observed with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.
A study by Melanie Rutkowski found that an unhealthy gut microbiome can make breast cancer more invasive and spread quickly. Disrupting the balance of microorganisms in mice resulted in chronic inflammation, priming tumor cells to disseminate and metastasize.
Researchers found almost 60% of patients were over 65, and nearly a third lived in socio-economically deprived areas. The study also revealed high rates of the disease in regions with previously low numbers of cases, including Canterbury and Hawkes Bay.
The study reveals 621 genetic strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae worldwide, showing evolutionary changes that lead to vaccine evasion. It provides crucial information for future vaccine strategy and helps save lives by identifying important strains for new vaccines.
A study by Rice University researchers found that people selling items on online resale websites tend to favor buyers from wealthier areas. The findings suggest that geographic location plays a significant role in shaping interactions and outcomes in mundane settings, revealing the far-reaching effects of segregation.
A large Kaiser Permanente study found that fully vaccinated children were still at risk of developing pertussis due to waning vaccine effectiveness over time. The study suggests that under-vaccination is only one factor contributing to recent outbreaks, and that a better vaccine that lasts longer between doses is needed.
A multicentre study analyzed over 1.9 million pediatric emergency department visits and found no significant association between overcrowding and death within 14 days or hospital admission within 7 days. However, the study saw an increase in admissions among sicker children and return visits from less sick kids with increasing crowding.
A study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed that humans are more sensitive to pitch than macaque monkeys. The human brain's auditory cortex is more responsive when comparing tonal sounds to equivalent noisy sounds, suggesting that speech and music may have shaped the basic organization of the human brain.
A new study by Boston University School of Public Health found no consistent association between iron consumption and conception. However, non-heme iron intake was associated with a slightly increased chance of pregnancy in certain groups, such as women who had previously given birth or experienced heavy menstrual cycles.
Researchers have identified specific genetic markers that contribute to larger switchgrass harvests while reducing potential crop weaknesses. This study provides new insights into how plants adapt to different environments and could lead to improved bioenergy crop performance.
A new study found that pill testing services at music festivals may be most effective in reducing harm for people trying ecstasy for the first time, as they are most cautious after a pill test. However, prior users who are high in sensation seeking are at the greatest risk of harm, even with a pill test. Introducing counselling and dru...
Researchers from ICIQ have found that a magnetic field can directly enhance the production of hydrogen in alkaline water splitting via electrolysis, increasing production by up to twice fold. The low-cost technology has implications for industrial applications and offers a promising solution to the pressing need for sustainable energy.
A new study using electrical stimulation to treat epilepsy found that brain activity can be predicted by monitoring changes in neural connectivity. Repeated sets of stimulation led to progressive changes in the brain's response to simulation, suggesting rapid reorganization of brain structure.
Contrary to earlier research, a study found that medical cannabis laws were associated with a 23% increase in opioid overdose mortality. The reversal of the association occurred despite controlled data analysis and small population usage rates of just 2.5%.
A new study reveals that obese adolescents are significantly more likely to experience bullying, with greater odds of depression, behavioral problems, and difficulty making friends. The study also found no link between obesity and being a perpetrator of bullying alone.
A new method allows researchers to map magnetic field orientations in space using ground-based telescopes, revolutionizing studies of star formation and cosmic rays. The 'Wisconsin technique' generates high-resolution maps comparable to those obtained with the Planck mission.
Researchers found that decreasing day length alone triggers dramatic weight loss in Siberian hamsters, regardless of food or temperature. The study reveals the cascade of signals that prepare the hamsters for winter, controlled by thyroid hormone and gene expression.
The new magnetic metamaterial, made of plastic and copper, can amplify MRI imaging capabilities and cut scan time in half. It has the potential to increase the number of patients seen by clinics and decrease associated costs without risking higher-strength magnetic fields.
Seven new research fellows have joined Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Innovation Crossroads program, focusing on various energy-related and grid topics. The selected innovators will collaborate with world-class experts and unique capabilities at ORNL to advance their technologies.
Experts argue that current water cycle diagrams are misleading due to lack of human interaction representation, leading to a false sense of water security. A new set of diagrams shows human influence on nearly all parts of the cycle, highlighting the need for better understanding and global solutions to the world's water crisis.
A study by Universitat Rovira i Virgili researchers found that up to 57% of plastics in Tarragona sea water are microscopic fibers from clothes, which come from treatment parts and can block digestive tracts. The presence of these microplastics poses a health risk due to their potential to absorb toxic heavy metals and organic molecules.
Tropical Cyclone 02A is developing in the Arabian Sea with warm sea surface temperatures and strong winds. Forecasters predict peak winds of 60 knots on June 12, with landfall near Jamnagar around June 14.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have discovered a new avenue for understanding and controlling combustion processes, which will ultimately lead to cleaner engines. By analyzing a massive dataset of flames and fuels, the team identified correlations among chemical intermediates that play a role in pollutant formation.
Engineers at the University of California, Riverside, have developed a new technology that tunnels light into the quantum realm with unprecedented efficiency. The device integrates a glass optical fiber with a silver nanowire condenser to squeeze visible light to the tip of the condenser and interact with molecules locally.
The sixth National Survey of Australian Secondary Students and Sexual Health found 47% of sexually active respondents had engaged in intercourse, with 76% having sex at home. The survey also showed that young Australians have good knowledge of sexual health, are behaving responsibly, and are actively seeking out trusted sources of info...
A new study found that extreme drought conditions can lead to an explosion of root-feeding nematodes in grassland ecosystems, decreasing grass root production and potentially exacerbating carbon sequestration loss. The research team hopes to learn more about the interaction between water and nematode stresses to plants.
Researchers at Osaka University used angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to probe samarium hexaboride's unusual surface conductivity. The material exhibits both strong electron correlations and topological insulator properties, enabling the development of quantum spin devices.
A study found that federal courts in areas with traditionally welcoming Hispanic immigration handed out similar sentences to non-Hispanic defendants. However, courts in new destinations and areas with limited Hispanic immigration sentenced U.S. citizen and non-citizen Hispanics more harshly, especially those who were undocumented. The ...
A retrospective study of 748 NSCLC patients found that the average radiation dose delivered to the heart was associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and death. The team's findings highlight the need for more stringent avoidance of high cardiac radiotherapy doses and collaboration with cardiologists to m...
Researchers at Stanford University and Mexico isolated two color-changing compounds from scorpion venom that can kill staphylococcus bacteria and drug-resistant tuberculosis. The compounds were synthesized in the lab and verified to be effective against these pathogens.
Pitt and CMU researchers reveal that mastering a new skill involves the generation of new neural activity patterns, which enable new behavioral abilities. Long-term learning leads to the emergence of these patterns, allowing individuals to perform complex tasks.
A systematic review suggests that lithium's effects on breastfeeding are poorly understood due to sparse and poorly designed studies. Expert recommendations vary, and more research is necessary to inform patient decisions.
Researchers at NIST developed a method to measure magnetic properties of nanoparticles by rapidly enlarging magnetic bubbles, revealing the orientation of individual nanoparticle poles. This technique enables fast and economical measurement of magnetic stability for various medical and environmental applications.
Demand response analysis and control technologies have been developed to stabilize electricity supply and demand. The condition for demand response to produce economic value has been derived, emphasizing the importance of fluctuating power generation costs.
Researchers identified two key chemokines, CCL5 and CXCL9, as universally implicated in T cell infiltration across all solid tumors. Their simultaneous presence is a key requirement for the engraftment of T cells and establishment of 'hot tumors.'
New research analyzes light from CI Tau b, a close-orbiting giant exoplanet, to determine its mass and brightness. The study provides strong evidence for the 'hot start' theory of planet formation, challenging traditional models.
A majority of current gun owners (almost four out of five) support the sale of both traditional and personalized guns through licensed dealers. However, only 18% are likely to purchase a personalized gun for themselves due to added costs. Personalized guns offer safety features to prevent unauthorized use, but their high cost may limit...