Researchers identified messenger cells that promote bone regeneration and called into question an existing dogma in biology textbooks. The discovery may lead to better strategies for boosting bone repair in other parts of the body.
Researchers from Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center have introduced an inexpensive DNA-based testing protocol for HPV in Honduras. The study found that of 1,732 women screened, 28% were positive for a high-risk HPV type, and the most common HPV genotypes detected were different than those commonly found in the US.
Paul Sajda, a professor at Columbia University, has been awarded the Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship for his research on cognitive neuroscience. The fellowship will support his project to develop a testable model of human brain dynamics governing rapid decision-making in natural environments.
A team of researchers at UW-Madison has developed a new process for producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from plant sugars, which is a versatile chemical crucial for building a renewable economy. The process uses an inexpensive solvent system and can be integrated into existing industrial systems.
Research analyzed rates of brain metastases in elderly patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. The study found that these cancers carry a significant risk of developing brain metastases later in life, with varying rates among primary cancer types.
A new study finds that when competing fishermen cooperate over local environmental problems, they can improve the quality and quantity of fish on coral reefs. The research, conducted across five coral reef fishing communities in Kenya, reveals that communication among competitors leads to more fish and higher quality catches.
The i-HOPE Study found that patients' priority unanswered questions include shared decision-making, patient-provider communication, and care transitions. By incorporating patient input, hospitals can improve hospitalization outcomes and provide more effective solutions.
Researchers from EPFL developed a new holographic technique that can encode quantum information in a nanostructure, enabling high-resolution imaging of electromagnetic fields and manipulating the quantum properties of free electrons. This breakthrough has significant implications for quantum computing applications.
A study of private insurance claims found that only 1.5% of high-risk opioid overdose patients received naloxone prescriptions during healthcare encounters. Prior diagnoses of opioid misuse or dependence were associated with higher naloxone prescription rates.
MIT researchers develop a method to extract comprehensive samples of massive cell datasets, preserving rare cell types and their biological information. The 'sketching' approach generates compact summaries of large datasets in minutes, making it practical for biological studies.
A new methodology for building computer models has been developed at Oregon State University, enabling better prediction of coastal flooding risk. The research used statistical techniques and 'emulation' to reduce complexity and improve performance, allowing for nearly instantaneous use of the model for future flooding scenarios.
Research presented at EuroCMR 2019 found that training for and completing a first-time marathon reduces arterial age by four years and systolic blood pressure by 4 mmHg, comparable to medication effects. The study included 139 healthy first-time marathon runners who experienced significant improvements in cardiovascular health.
Tropical Cyclone Fani brought heavy rainfall to the region and continues to drop heavy rainfall on May 3 as it moves towards Bangladesh. The GPM mission satellite captured an overpass of the powerful storm, showing high thunderstorms stretching into the troposphere and measuring rainfall rates up to 50 millimeters per hour.
A recent clinical trial at the Stephenson Cancer Center found that patients with stage two, three, or four ovarian cancer can expect about 75 months of survival when their tumors are completely removed. The treatment regimen that caused fewer difficult side effects was just as effective as those with more severe side effects.
Researchers found that fMRI brain imaging can be tricked by using two mental countermeasures: associating meaningful memories to control items or focusing on superficial aspects. This led to a 20% decrease in test accuracy, making it easier for participants to conceal information.
The new bimetalic nanoantenna design generates three times more thermoelectric voltage and is 1.3 times more efficient than classic dipole nanoantennas for solar energy harvesting. This innovation has potential applications in waste heat energy harvesting, sensing, and other fields.
A newly discovered epigenetic hotspot in the genome may drive psychosis in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, potentially leading to new treatment targets and biomarkers. The hotspot affects dopamine production and synaptic development, which are critical regulators of brain function.
Cells lacking CD13 protein can't move normally, hindering their ability to repair wounds and metastasize. Researchers discovered that CD13 acts as an organizer, gathering recycled integrin proteins at the cell membrane to enable movement.
Researchers at the University of Bern have successfully demonstrated wave behavior in a single positron interference experiment, proving the quantum-mechanical origin of the observed pattern. The experiment used an innovative Talbot-Lau interferometer and nuclear emulsion detector to achieve micrometric resolution.
Researchers found a truncated variant of the p53 protein, Δ40p53, forming amyloid aggregates in endometrial cancer cells. This finding promises new perspectives for treating Type 2 endometrial cancer, the most aggressive form of the disease.
New research quantifies seagrass' ability to dissipate wave energy and protect vulnerable shorelines. Seagrass meadows can trap fine sediment, reducing eutrophication and promoting marine life.
Researchers reconstructed wheat breeding history through genetic analysis, linking its evolution to human migration patterns, geopolitical events, and climate change. This knowledge will help optimize modern wheat varieties for improved yield and adaptability in a growing world population.
A 14-week exercise programme has improved the structure and function of hearts damaged by premature birth. Young adults born preterm have shown normalized cardiac pumping functions after exercise, which should reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have identified a key enzyme that helps cancer cells survive by eliminating junk RNA. Targeting this enzyme, ADAR, may lead to breakthroughs in treating various types of cancer.
The Hubble Space Telescope has captured a breathtaking image of NGC 2903, a nearby spiral galaxy. The study aims to understand the relationship between a galaxy's central black hole and its rugby-ball-shaped bulge.
Researchers developed a wireless radar system to monitor vital signs without cumbersome wires, achieving accuracy comparable to standard equipment in uncontrolled environments. The system detected subtle chest movements for sleep apnea monitoring with high precision.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck have developed a quantum sensor that measures visible light particles without destroying them. The innovation, led by Tracy Northup, allows for tailored light fields to be generated through feedback loops, paving the way for future quantum applications.
Research by Jena University's sport psychology team reveals that loud grunting noises in tennis can lead to a biased perception of the ball's trajectory, causing players to overestimate its distance. Despite this, the sound of grunting does not hinder opponents' ability to predict the ball's flight.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory developed a new approach to solve protein structures from tiny crystals, utilizing unique sample-handling and data-assembly techniques. The method enables the study of difficult-to-crystallize cell-surface receptors and other membrane proteins, improving our understanding of health and disease.
Researchers found that climate extremes account for 18%-43% of yield fluctuations in staple crops like maize and spring wheat. Temperature, rather than precipitation, plays a significant role in predicting crop yields.
Researchers developed a highly-sensitive nano-thermometer that accurately measures temperature at the nanoscale using diamond nanoparticles. The sensor exploits the properties of these tiny particles on the quantum level, enabling non-invasive temperature measurements in biological samples and electronic circuits.
A new $1.8 million grant will aid in developing personalized treatments for Crohn's disease through the use of a gut-on-a-chip system, which mimics human gut structure and function. The goal is to uncover triggers and develop more effective therapies, ultimately improving health outcomes.
Researchers have developed an orally administered hepatitis B vaccine that is both effective and safe. The new vaccine uses a technique called 3D imaging to understand how the vaccine behaves in the body, leading to improved efficacy and reduced side effects.
A study published in Nature Communications found that cooperation among competing fisheries can lead to improvements in both the quality and quantity of fish in local reefs. Fishers who communicated with their competitors about fishing gear and rules reported higher fish stocks.
A RIT professor developed a microfluidic device that detects the Ebola virus using CRISPR gene-editing technology, allowing for early treatment and potential outbreak control. The device can detect the virus within five minutes of combining automated sample processing and fluorescence sensing.
A randomized trial found that adding azithromycin to standard care reduced treatment failure rates by 49% and improved hospital stay durations. Non-smokers showed significant benefits, while current smokers experienced little improvement.
A new study found that higher mental well-being in midlife is associated with greater physical activity. Different exercise activities are linked to various dimensions of well-being, including emotional, psychological, and social well-being.
A team at IRB Barcelona has identified Mitofusin 2 as a protein that protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Early diagnosis and treatment options for this condition are limited, but researchers hope to enhance levels of Mitofusin 2 without side effects.
Scientists studied Namibian pastoralist attitudes towards human-wildlife conflicts, finding they proposed solutions that suggest tolerance for predators. The findings highlight the complexities of managing human/wildlife coexistence in agricultural areas.
A study at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center identified a new therapeutic target in cancer cells, caseinolytic protease P (ClpP), which breaks down proteins within mitochondria. New anti-cancer agents called imipridones activate ClpP and cause cancer cell death via mitochondrial proteolysis.
Researchers found that a specific molecule called interleukine-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance. In obese rodents, IL-6 levels decrease, leading to increased body weight and fat accumulation. The study suggests that targeting this molecule could lead to effective anti-obesity treatments.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes reveal acetylation and phosphorylation tag-team to guide RNA polymerase through transcription steps. This regulation enables cells to efficiently coordinate gene expression and respond to external stimuli.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have created a synthetic soft tissue substitute that encourages growth of new tissue and blood vessels. The material, well-tolerated and retaining its shape, may lessen the need for implants or grafts in reconstructive surgeries.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a new test that can reliably predict the future course of inflammatory bowel disease in individuals. The accuracy of the test is comparable to similar biomarkers used in cancer, with an accuracy rate of 90-100% in correctly identifying patients who do not require multiple treatm...
Researchers found that repeated detection of HPV DNA in oral rinses after cancer treatment was associated with a higher risk of cancer recurrence and death. The study suggests HPV DNA may be a promising biomarker for understanding cancer treatment response and future risk of progression.
The website nowmattersnow.org uses dialectical behavioral therapy to reduce suicidal thoughts and negative emotions in users. Nearly one-third of visitors experienced significant reductions in suicidal thoughts and emotional intensity after using the site.
Tapping into ocean freshwater resources could threaten onshore aquifer systems, lead to diminished groundwater availability and cause land subsidence. This could have devastating effects on coastal population centers, especially in densely populated areas.
Scientists create ultrathin device with silicon nanopillars to shape ultrafast light pulses, enabling controlled compression, splitting, and distortion. This technique has potential for high-speed communication and studying ultrafast phenomena.
Researchers used ultrashort x-ray pulses to monitor absorption of circularly polarized x-rays by Fe and Gd atoms during ultrafast demagnetization. They found that the demagnetization process at Gd atoms is significantly faster than in pure Gd.
Researchers used nutritional geometry to assess giant pandas' macronutrient mix, revealing a high protein content similar to hypercarnivores. Despite their plant-based diet, pandas' energy intake comes from protein-rich bamboo, blurring the line between herbivore and carnivore.
Researchers develop a new bioprinting technology that can create complex vascular networks, mimicking the body's natural passageways. This breakthrough enables the creation of exquisitely entangled structures for 3D printing replacement organs, potentially addressing the need for organ transplants.
A new study found that forest fires are causing snow to melt earlier in the season, exacerbating a cycle of fire and snowmelt. The research revealed that over 11% of Western forests experience earlier snowmelt due to fires.
A genome-wide test suggests that bitter and sweet beverage preferences are related to the psychoactive properties of these beverages, not genetic variations in taste genes. People prefer certain drinks due to their emotional and psychological impact.
Michigan State University researchers have created a potential solution for emerging wearable tech by developing highly stretchable supercapacitors powered by crumpled carbon nanotube forests. The new design has demonstrated solid performance and stability, even under extreme stretching and relaxing cycles.
Researchers identified two lead compounds that disrupt SpCas9 DNA binding, enabling precise control over CRISPR-Cas9-based technologies. These small-molecule inhibitors are reversible and dose-dependent, allowing for safe use of gene editing tools.
A team of scientists at VIB and KU Leuven has discovered a key role for Prl-1 phosphatase in specifying the formation of neuronal circuits in the brain. The discovery, made using a genetic single-cell approach in fruit flies, sheds light on how complex brain patterns develop during early development.
MORPHEUS, a new processor architecture, blocks potential attacks by encrypting and randomizing key bits 20 times per second. This makes vulnerabilities virtually impossible to exploit, providing a future-proof secure system.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a synthetic biology approach that targets cancer cells with customizable treatments. The RASER system uses two proteins to kill only overly active cancer cells while sparing healthy ones, promising a more targeted and effective treatment.
Researchers at Hebrew University have discovered a way to transform skin cells into the three major stem cell types that comprise early-stage embryos. This breakthrough has significant implications for modelling embryonic disease, placental dysfunctions, and infertility problems by creating human embryos in a petri dish.
Researchers found that echolocation was a major driver of skull shape evolution in bats from 58-34 million years ago. Diet played a more dominant role in shaping skulls starting around 26 million years ago, but not uniformly across all bat species. The study provides new insights into the evolutionary forces behind bat diversity.