Researchers have developed a new model to help autonomous vehicles navigate intersections with obstructed views, reducing the risk of collisions. The model estimates risks based on factors like sensor noise, driver awareness, and occlusions.
Researchers estimate that greenhouse gas emissions up to 2030 will contribute approximately 1m of sea-level rise by 2300, with the top 5 emitters responsible for around 25% of this increase. Stringent near-term emission reductions are necessary to limit long-term sea-level rise
A new study found that stigma about HIV preventive medication (PrEP) use is significantly associated with lower intention to start PrEP among women. The study recommends expanding public messaging, addressing stereotype beliefs, and designing interventions that integrate stigma reduction at the individual and community levels.
Researchers discovered that DAPPD promotes phagocytosis of microglia cells, leading to reduced amyloid deposition and improved cognitive function. The study suggests that targeting neuroinflammation may be a viable therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has released a new guidance statement for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults between 50 and 75 years old. The guidance suggests that physicians select the most suitable screening test for each patient based on factors such as benefits, harms, costs, availability, frequency, and p...
Gajewski's research found that a 'hot' or T cell inflamed tumour microenvironment is key to unlocking immunotherapy efficacy. STING agonists and targeted therapies are being developed to combat 'cold' tumours with limited immune response.
A new study found that planting wheat at commercially recommended density can reduce weed biomass and seed production by up to 78% and 50%, respectively. This approach also causes weeds to grow more upright, making them easier to capture during harvesting.
A study using ancient bone protein analysis identified green turtles as a primary target for human consumption in Florida and the Caribbean thousands of years ago. The technique, collagen fingerprinting, allowed scientists to visualize distinct chemical signatures in collagen that are species-specific.
A new study finds that preschool-age children with higher screen time have lower white matter integrity and lower scores on language and literacy measures. The researchers suggest that parents set appropriate limits on technology use to support healthy brain development during early childhood.
Researchers have developed a high-performance cathode made of an organic polymer for sodium-ion batteries, achieving excellent electrochemical performances. The new material outperforms current polymeric and inorganic cathodes in capacity delivery and retention.
Researchers have discovered a multilevel society in vulturine guineafowl, a small-brained bird species. The study found that the birds form stable groups with hundreds of individuals and associate preferentially with specific other groups, similar to primates.
Researchers found that the two species have complementary ecological functions, favoring seed dispersal and growth of adult trees. The loss of these herbivores could lead to significant effects on ecosystem dynamics, equivalent to the eradication of elephants from African and Asian forests.
A new study by Ohio State University and Yale University estimates that deforestation contributes only 7% of manmade net carbon emissions, down from previous estimates of 27%. The research also highlights the importance of forest management in reducing carbon emissions.
Researchers successfully suppressed quantum tunneling in ammonia molecules by applying a strong electric field, demonstrating the phenomenon's 'spookiness'. The study uses this approach to explore molecular dynamics and potentially exploit it with other molecules.
Researchers have identified CEMIP as a key protein promoting brain metastasis in breast and lung cancers. By blocking CEMIP, it may be possible to prevent or treat brain metastases, which are a common cause of cancer deaths. High levels of CEMIP in primary tumors have been linked to a faster progression to brain metastasis.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have created synthetic phages that can recognize and attack a broader range of bacterial strains, providing a potential solution for treating antibiotic-resistant infections. The synthesized phages share the same genome but have different receptor binding proteins, allowing them to target specific hosts.
Researchers create method that enables robots to use environmental clues to plan routes, reducing time spent exploring properties and eliminating the need for maps of specific residences. The approach leverages pre-existing algorithms to generate a new map of the environment as the robot moves around, represented as semantic clues.
Research from the University of Minnesota and Mayo Clinic reveals biosimilar drugs can lower costs for patients, but their use is still hindered by regulatory barriers. The study found that while physicians are willing to prescribe biosimilars, cost savings are minimal, and market share remains limited.
Researchers developed a simple and low-cost method to create meter-scale transparent conductive circuits based on silver nanowires, enabling rigid and flexible transparent LED screens with improved transparency and conductivity. The new technology could expand the applications of transparent LED screens to large-angle curved areas.
A transient wave of hematopoietic stem cell production occurs in the bone marrow of late fetuses and young adults, produced from resident hemogenic endothelial cells. This discovery fills a gap in our understanding of hematopoiesis and has implications for regenerative medicine and the development of innovative stem cell therapies.
A new study by Anne Hamby and colleagues found that people are more willing to update their memories if something bad has happened to a character, such as a death or serious illness. The researchers discovered that explaining alternative causes of events can help change beliefs and promote tolerance.
Computer scientists at the University of Leeds are developing a robotic autonomy system that combines automated planning with reinforcement learning. The robot learns to plan sequences of moves to reach objects in cluttered spaces, generalizing its abilities to new tasks.
Researchers have discovered significant differences in gene expression between male and female mouse kidneys, shedding light on the organ's complex physiology and potential impact on human kidney disease. The study's findings may help clinicians better understand genetic programs linked to disease and improve treatment outcomes.
The SRNL-designed radiation detection system has been successfully implemented at the Port of Tacoma and NY/NJ, detecting illicit radioactive material in intermodal cargo containers. The system is expected to save significant time and space requirements for scanning these containers, increasing operational efficiency.
Researchers found that emergency department admissions for adolescents between 12-17 increased by more than 100% from 2010 to 2016. The study suggests improved awareness and coordination with law enforcement and forensic teams may be contributing factors.
Researchers found that wet fractionation techniques are the most profitable for processors, producing higher-quality coproducts. Dry fractionation methods were comparable to conventional methods in terms of return on investment.
Typhoon Halong strengthened in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean with NASA's Terra satellite analysis, showing strong storms with extremely cold cloud top temperatures. The storm is expected to move northwest and strengthen further over open waters.
Research reveals that methionine in spider silk proteins increases flexibility, enabling close interactions between proteins. The discovery may enable the synthesis of novel biomaterials with improved stability.
This study analyzed emergency department admissions of children for sexual abuse between 2010 and 2016, providing insights into the scope of the issue. The findings highlight the need for increased support services and resources for affected children and families.
Tyler Fricker's study analyzed nationwide tornado casualty data to identify high-risk regions and community-level factors influencing casualties. The results suggest that regional susceptibility to high-casualty events is more complex than previously thought, with factors beyond mobile home ownership and low income contributing to high...
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have discovered that a bacterial toxin, lysostaphin, targets and breaks down MRSA cell walls, making it effective against antibiotic-resistant superbugs. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments targeting the same mechanism.
Daylight Saving Time transitions can have lasting impacts on health, causing biologic clocks to become desynchronized and increasing the risk of heart attacks and ischemic strokes. Average sleep duration shrinks by 15-20 minutes during DST, potentially leading to fatal accidents.
A study of 1,400 UK children found that exposure to adverse experiences and stress at a young age is associated with elevated levels of inflammation in the blood. The researchers also found that this association persists into young adulthood.
A Rutgers study found that cynical online views are the most influential on a person's trust in news media, while face-to-face interactions with like-minded people have a stronger impact. The study suggests that social media can make it harder to separate opinion from fact and bias from well-reasoned arguments.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences develop strategy to stabilize isolated metal atoms on oxide supports using ionic liquids as electronic stabilizer. The method improves catalytic performance and dispersion state of Pt1 and Pd1 catalysts.
The £3m Cyber-SHIP Lab aims to address key cyber security challenges in the shipping industry by assessing connected systems for weaknesses. It will bring together experts in cyber security and information systems, featuring a range of maritime technologies.
A new study by Colorado State University researcher Jennifer Harman found that mothers use more indirect alienating strategies, while fathers use a mix of direct and indirect tactics. This can lead to children's ultimate rejection of parents for false reasons, creating an 'enmeshed identity' with the alienator.
Researchers have identified a molecule called TET1 that enables adult liver cells to regenerate. The discovery provides a potential target for drugs to treat chronic liver diseases, where regeneration is impaired.
A study analyzing data from over 10,000 cadets found that noncognitive attributes like grit were better predictors of graduation than cognitive ability. Cognitive ability was strongly linked to academic and military grades, while physical ability predicted physical grades.
Research published in JNeurosci found that fetal brains possess adult-like networks by 20-40 weeks gestation. The study discovered a 61% overlap in motor, visual, auditory, and cognitive functions between fetal and adult connectomes.
Research finds high-intensity sporting physical activity improves neural baroreflex, while physical activity at work is associated with abnormal neural baroreflex and greater arterial stiffness. Chronic, strenuous activity at work may pose a risk to cardiovascular health.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered that a traumatic brain injury causes changes in the amygdala, leading to increased fear responses and PTSD symptoms. The study found that rats with brain injuries exhibited abnormal neural activity in the amygdala and thalamus, suggesting potential new targets for treating PTSD.
A recent study has identified the gene function that protects against type 2 diabetes, revealing a zinc transporter's role in insulin secretion. The research found that individuals with a specific mutation in the SLC30A8 gene have enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reduced blood sugar levels.
A new study identified a gene variant that may delay or prevent Alzheimer's disease. Carrying two copies of the APOE3ch variant may limit tau pathology and neurodegeneration, allowing individuals to age with fewer cognitive impairments. Researchers hope this finding can lead to new treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease.
Increasing maize gene zmm28 expression improves grain yield, nitrogen uptake, and photosynthetic activity in field tests, according to researchers. Altering a single gene's expression can lead to significant yield improvements, suggesting new avenues for genetic engineering approaches.
Researchers found city homes to have a higher diversity of chemicals and fungi, while jungle huts had fresher air and natural materials that promote human health. Exposure to outdoor germs and natural materials may benefit the human microbiome.
Researchers at Linköping University have successfully captured the instantaneous image of the MYC protein bound to TBP, shedding light on its role in cancer. The study reveals that MYC's adaptability and dynamic structure enable it to interact with over 300 proteins, making it a promising target for new cancer therapies.
Researchers developed guidelines to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision-making for patients with MDS and CMML. The guide provides technical aspects, quality controls, and step-by-step instructions for applying Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in hospitals and laboratories.
Researchers found multilevel societies in a population of over 400 adult birds, with stable membership and associations between groups based on preference. This discovery raises questions about the evolution of complex societies and provides clues about the mechanisms underlying social behavior.
A retrospective study suggests that ED physicians are improving both outcomes and efficiency of care, with mortality rates declining by 23% from 2009 to 2016. This improvement occurred despite increasing ED utilization, as fewer patients were admitted to the hospital and more were sent home, leading to nearly 200,000 fewer deaths in 2016.
Karen Lloyd's research focuses on the effects of thawing permafrost on the environment, examining microbial processes that break down soil organic carbon and release greenhouse gases. By understanding these processes, future predictions can be made about the impact of microbial communities' activities on changes in released gases.
A comprehensive review of mind-body therapies found associations with lower opioid use and better pain outcomes. The study combined data from multiple studies, providing evidence for the effectiveness of these interventions in managing chronic pain among adults on opioids.
Researchers from Cardiff University have discovered metastability in gallium arsenide compound semiconductor material, a phenomenon that could affect device stability. The findings could lead to improved materials and structures for electronic devices, such as smartphones, GPS, and satellites.
A new study finds that sea levels will rise by 20 centimeters by 2300 even if current carbon emissions pledges are met. The increase is attributed to global warming, which takes longer to respond than immediate temperature increases.
Researchers have discovered a class of analgesics in conotoxin peptides, which are found in the venom of marine cone snails. These peptides show exceptional potency and selectivity for ion channels involved in pain transmission, offering new avenues for pain therapy.
Researchers analyzed data from Fitbit Flex 2 devices and phone apps to understand the impact of individual discrimination events on college students' daily lives. On average, students who experienced unfair treatment were more physically active, interacted with their phones more, and spent less time in bed.
Large light silicon isotope enrichments suggest rapid solid formation during local temperature fluctuations within the disk. The discovery challenges conventional understanding of planetary disk evolution and formation of first solids.
Researchers confirm Voyager 2's entry into interstellar space with a plasma density jump detected by an Iowa-led instrument. The spacecraft crossed into the ISM at a distance of over 11 billion miles from the sun, providing valuable clues to the structure of the heliosphere.
Researchers developed a non-invasive test to detect cervical pre-cancer by analyzing urine and vaginal samples collected by women themselves. The test, called S5, measures DNA methylation and has been shown to accurately identify high-risk women with an HPV positive test.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that reduced mercury use in the Great Lakes region has not led to a decline in mercury accumulation in large game fish. Instead, aquatic invasive species such as quagga and zebra mussels are forcing fish to seek atypical food sources enriched in mercury.