Researchers found moderate levels of covariation between human and chimpanzee brain and braincase features, but distinct positions of brain sulci relative to cranial sutures in humans. The study suggests that changes in braincase morphology may be related to increased encephalization and bipedalism.
The study found that all tested tyrosine kinase inhibitors increased COX-2 expression in at least one of the tested cell lines in vitro. Fluorocoxib A uptake correlated with COX-2 expression detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in xenografts in vivo.
Researchers at NC State University have developed soft polymer microparticles with hierarchical branching on the micro- and nanoscale, exhibiting strong adhesion and structure-building properties. These materials, inspired by gecko feet, have potential applications in various fields such as gels, pastes, foods, nonwovens, and coatings.
A team of FSU researchers examined over 50 years of data from 1950 to 2016, finding consistent patterns in mariculture development globally. Countries with stable production farmed a greater diversity of species than those with fluctuating trends.
A pioneering clinical trial will assess the safety and efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) in alleviating hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's-related psychosis. The study aims to determine whether CBD can correct abnormal brain functioning and improve quality of life for affected individuals.
Researchers discovered traumatic microbleeds are a form of blood vessel injury following brain trauma, and predict poor outcomes. The study found that patients with severe head injuries were more likely to have microbleeds and greater disability.
A recent study has found greater signs of blood vessel damage than nerve damage in traumatic brain injuries, challenging the ongoing hypothesis that blunt force causes nerve damage. The researchers' discovery could influence the development of new treatments and therapies for TBI.
University of Hawaii researchers have captured a groundbreaking video of humpback whales using bubble nets, providing new insights into the fine-scale details of this behavior. The study is part of a larger project investigating causes of a possible decline in humpback whale numbers.
A new study found that cataract surgery significantly improves drivers' safety on the road. After undergoing surgery, patients experienced a 48% decrease in near misses and crashes. This improvement was due to enhanced contrast sensitivity and night vision.
A new study links common bladder medication Elmiron to a vision-threatening eye condition, finding that about one-quarter of patients with significant exposure show signs of retinal damage. The research highlights the potential for long-term use of the drug to masquerade as other known conditions.
Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have created a new layered superconducting material with four distinct sublayers, achieving unparalleled customizability and higher critical temperatures. By introducing different elements, they were able to raise the critical temperature from 0.5K to above 2.0K and later to 3.0K.
Researchers discovered that jumping genes cause genetic changes in some patients with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental diseases. Diagnoses were achieved for three previously undiagnosed children, helping their families access support and understand disease risks.
Researchers studying glacier algae in the Greenland Ice Sheet found that purple-pigmented ice algal blooms cause increased melting by darkening the surface and absorbing more sunlight. The project aims to understand the complex interactions between light-absorbing particulates and predict where and when biological darkening will occur.
Researchers develop mathematical model to describe how polymers contract into spiral structures, known as loxodromes, with complex patterning. The discovery could lead to the creation of manmade patterns that are difficult to produce using traditional methods.
A new study reveals that consuming daily sweets, cakes, and unhealthy foods can significantly increase the risk of developing acne. The research found that individuals with acne are more likely to consume dairy products, soda juices or syrups, pastries, chocolate, and whey proteins compared to those without acne.
A study published in GLIA found that myelin impairment causes uncoordinated electrical impulse transmission between neurons, affecting motor learning in mice. The research also showed that compensating for impaired motor learning by pairing actions with brain photo-simulation can promote synchronization of neuronal activities.
A non-invasive imaging technique can assess tumor stiffness, providing valuable diagnostic information about breast and pancreatic tumors. The technique, magnetic resonance elastography, may help select the best treatment course for some cancer patients.
Northwestern University researchers have successfully integrated graphene and borophene into 2D heterostructures, enabling the creation of ultrahigh density devices. The achievement demonstrates a significant step towards creating integrated circuits from these nanomaterials.
Researchers optimized DNA-PAINT for faster image acquisition using orthogonal DNA sequences, achieving sub-10nm spatial resolution and multiplexing capabilities. This improvement allows for biomedically relevant high-throughput studies, such as diagnostic applications.
Researchers have discovered that liquid metals, such as gallium, indium, bismuth, and tin, can be used to create catalysts for the conversion of CO2 into useful byproducts. By heating an alloy of these metals, they can melt at a lower temperature than individual metals, producing eutectic alloys with unique properties. These alloys can...
Researchers at the University of Delaware are developing new memory devices that can support neural networks in low-power embedded systems. These advancements aim to improve the lifetime and reliability of IoT devices, which currently struggle with battery power and memory constraints.
Researchers have made significant progress in developing gene therapy to treat wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Six patients have maintained vision after receiving a single intravitreal injection of gene therapy, offering hope for a potential
The European Research Council has awarded €363 million to 37 research groups tackling some of the world's most pressing scientific challenges. These Synergy Grants will enable groups of top researchers to bring together complementary skills and knowledge to achieve groundbreaking results.
A multi-million dollar study is enrolling pregnant women to track newborns' brain development and behavior after opioid exposure. Researchers will analyze brain images taken at various ages to identify early biomarkers of neurological dysfunction.
Research from the University of Sheffield's School of Health and Related Research found nearly 2000 more alcohol-related deaths in England since 2012 due to government cuts. The study modeled the impact of changes to alcohol duty policy, resulting in a one percent rise in alcohol consumption leading to additional deaths.
Researchers developed a bacterial genetic oscillator that records changes in microbiome growth patterns, providing an objective measurement of time. The system uses an oscillating gene circuit to track cell divisions and analyze bacterial growth rates, offering insights into the dynamics of the gut microbiome.
Research by LMU Munich chronobiologists reveals that sleep-wake cycles drive cycles of protein abundance and phosphorylation in synaptic proteins. Synaptic phosphorylation plays a key role in regulating synaptic function, particularly during sleep-wake transitions.
A team of scientists will investigate the evolution of Earth's chemical composition and physical processes over 4.4 billion years using melt inclusions in olivine and zircon crystals. The project aims to understand the recycling of chemical elements and its impact on plate tectonics.
Scientists at LMU Munich explore initial consequences of light-molecule interactions on aerosol surfaces. They develop new method, reaction nanoscopy, to study elemental physicochemical transitions on solid interfaces with high spatial resolution.
A new study suggests that up to 90% of people in treatment for addiction have a history of alcohol overdose, often combined with other substance use. The study's findings emphasize the importance of addressing alcohol use as a risk factor for severe overdose events.
A study found that around half a million men who have sex with men in the EU need HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) but face barriers to accessing it. The estimated 'PrEP gap' ranged from 4.3% in Portugal to 44.8% in Russia, highlighting the need for improved accessibility of PrEP.
Scientists observed how alpha-synuclein protein variants change over time, identifying initial stages of protein aggregates linked to early onset familial cases. They also found evidence of which protein species are important for amyloid filament growth and distinct structures depending on the mutation.
A study published in Psychological Science found that when asked to answer questions quickly and impulsively, people tend to respond with a socially desirable answer. The researchers argue that the 'quick-answer' technique may be flawed as it can lead participants to misrepresent themselves.
A team of researchers has developed a method to generate sufficient quantities of Luteoviridae viruses, allowing them to study their structures in high resolution. The technique involves using plant expression technology to create virus-like particles, which can be observed by cryo-electron microscopy.
A new study published in Bioresource Technology Reports examines the impact of biomass preprocessing on conversion efficiency. Researchers found that comminution and particle size play a significant role in determining energy expenditure, with miscanthus showing improved efficiency under certain conditions.
A new medical device called Sleeveballoon has been tested in rodents and produced impressive results on body weight, fatty liver, and diabetes control. The device reduces food intake by 60% and blood glucose levels by 65%, mimicking the effects of traditional bariatric surgery with a minimally invasive approach.
Researchers found that coffee bean extracts reduced fat-induced inflammation and improved glucose absorption and insulin sensitivity in mice. The compounds protocatechuic acid and gallic acid showed promise as a strategy for preventing obesity-related chronic illnesses.
The UW's Optimizing Implementation in Cancer Control Center will develop knowledge and tools to support optimal implementation of proven cancer interventions. The center will focus on optimizing screening evidence-based interventions for cervical, colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancers.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston is partnering to enhance Texas Adult Protective Services' financial exploitation investigations and client services. The three-year grant will provide statewide access to forensic accountants and enhanced training for caseworkers to investigate claims of financial exploitation.
Researchers analyzed continental-scale data to investigate the impact of human-caused noise pollution on birds, finding that breeding in modified habitats increases ANP levels by twice as much as forested habitats. The study suggests vocal traits like song complexity could be useful for understanding ANP effects across spatial scales.
A new tool has been developed to help manage the Nova Scotia lobster fishery in the face of climate change. The tool incorporates projected changes in ocean climate onto a geographic management area, enabling fishermen and resource managers to plan for future sustainability.
A new study by Concordia researchers finds that extreme heat days caused by CO2 emissions lead to lost labor productivity, with lower-income countries experiencing stronger economic impacts. The research estimates that every trillion tonnes of CO2 emitted could cause global GDP losses of about half a percent.
In Penn Medicine's New Jersey practices, an electronic 'nudge' served as an effective tool to influence prescribing behavior and lower quantities of prescribed opioids. The study found no evidence that pain control worsened despite the decreased prescriptions.
Researchers have identified a new class of therapy for dry eye disease by targeting anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA) with antibody-based eye drops. The treatment has shown statistically significant and clinically meaningful reductions in corneal damage and symptoms in patients with severe dry eye disease.
The October issue of SLAS Discovery features a two-part special issue on membrane proteins, highlighting the importance of these targets for novel drug design. The issue includes reviews and original research papers on various aspects of membrane protein biology, such as targeting specific transporters and channels.
Research found that 45-year-old slow walkers have 'accelerated aging' on a 19-measure scale, with poorer lung function, teeth, and immune systems compared to faster walkers. Early life neurocognitive testing also predicted walking speed at age 45.
A €11 million ERC grant will study the role of glacier algae in darkening the Greenland Ice Sheet surface, affecting sea level rise predictions. The research aims to understand how biological darkening occurs and where it will occur in the future.
A study of 845 CF patients found that lumacaftor-ivacaftor improves lung function, body weight, and reduces intravenous antibiotic treatment needs. However, nearly one in five patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events, highlighting the need for cautious interpretation.
A new study of over 10,000 Canadian households reveals a strong correlation between food insecurity and nonadherence to prescription drugs. Food insecure households are more likely to experience cost-related nonadherence, which can exacerbate health issues associated with food insecurity.
A new study found that 40% of people in Ontario's prison system were seen by a family doctor after release, compared to 85% of the general population. This disparity suggests that prisoners face significant barriers to accessing primary care upon release.
A new study reveals that rural areas in the US are aging faster than cities, leading to greater climate change vulnerability. The research projects a divide in population age structure across the country, with thinly-populated counties in the Midwest and Rocky Mountains facing the most drastic aging.
A new study proposes that private property rights were a driving force behind the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution, rather than increased labor productivity. The research suggests that early farming communities adopted private property to facilitate broader applications and limit costly conflicts.
The Midwest Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Coalition aims to promote the adoption of hydrogen and fuel cells in the region. The coalition will facilitate technology demonstrations and encourage collaboration among researchers and developers to accelerate the adoption of these clean energy technologies.
Researchers at Indiana University have used a technique originally developed to view stars more clearly to take the first undistorted images of the trabecular meshwork, a part of the eye involved in glaucoma. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatment for the condition, which affects millions worldwide.
Researchers evaluated the accuracy of a commonly used numerical model in hydrology, finding that its results can be difficult to interpret correctly even when properly calibrated. The study recommends using a combination model called SWATmf to improve representation of hydrologic systems.
Scientists have developed a simple way to transport medication into the brain, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. The new technique uses engineered particles that can be packed with drugs and delivered through an intravenous injection, offering a minimally invasive solution for treating neurological disorders.
A new study found that public reporting of aortic valve replacement outcomes has resulted in fewer surgeries for people with endocarditis, particularly those with injection drug use. The researchers analyzed data from 2010 to 2015 and found that these patients were 30% less likely to receive the surgery two years after outcomes data be...
A new study at the University of Copenhagen reveals that bacteria prioritize cooperation over competition, leading to stronger and more resilient communities. This discovery challenges Darwin's theory of evolution and has significant implications for biotechnology and disease treatment.
A study published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise found no significant difference between non-BFR exercise and BFR exercise on the trunk extensor muscles, contradicting previous positive conclusions.
A new study presented at the IASLC 2019 North America Conference on Lung Cancer found that lung cancer screening guidelines are inadequate to diagnose patients who contract lung cancer from occupational exposure, including first responders. Low-dose computed tomography was shown to detect disease earlier in this population.