A new study published in Neurology provides unprecedented insights into brain connections disrupted in comatose patients. Researchers used advanced MRI techniques to image brain pathways connecting the brainstem to the thalamus and hypothalamus, revealing disruption in specific neuronal pathways associated with consciousness.
The five-year project aims to reduce the urban-rural divide by awarding nearly $3 million in scholarships and creating STEM career pathways. Students will have opportunities to participate in research or internships related to environmental pollution in the Pacific Northwest.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have discovered two gene variations that may modulate platelet cell behavior and affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that these genetic variants could be potential targets for modulating expression of CD36, a key regulator of platelet levels and activation.
A study found daily marijuana use is seven times higher among bisexual women than heterosexual women, with gay/lesbian women also reporting higher rates of daily and past-year medical marijuana use. The research highlights the need for targeted health-promoting policies for LGB individuals.
A recent study analyzed 100,000 localized seismic events to search for patterns in the data. Researchers found that earthquakes of differing magnitudes share more similarities than previously thought, suggesting predictable characteristics may aid forecasting.
In 2018, China experienced more frequent and severe typhoons, low-temperature freezing and snow disasters, and rainstorms. Despite these extreme events, the area of affected crops, death toll, and direct economic losses were significantly less than in previous years.
A study by Purdue University researchers suggests that urine analysis can provide faster diagnosis and treatment for traumatic brain injuries, which could lead to improved outcomes for soldiers and athletes. The test checks for elevated levels of acrolein in the urine within seven days of injury.
A Penn Medicine study found that simple emoji buttons installed in emergency departments can monitor doctor and patient sentiments in real-time. The findings suggest that the terminals are used at a high level, providing valuable insights into trends and sentiment shifts.
Researchers will examine biomarkers and chemicals in thirdhand smoke to understand its impact on cardiovascular health. The five-year study aims to design better therapies for thirdhand smoke-induced cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center confirm ubiquitin specific protease 21 (UPS21) as a frequently amplified gene in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a form of pancreatic cancer. Depletion of UPS21 impairs tumor growth, promoting malignant transformation and cancer cell stemness.
A team of scientists analyzed a newly found phalanx fragment from Denisova Cave, revealing that it shares structural similarities with anatomically modern humans and is less like Neanderthals. The researchers believe this 'third' human group has a unique morphological mosaic.
A recent study found a brain circuit that connects the feeding and mood centers of the brain, which may explain associations between depression, metabolism, and eating behavior. The researchers discovered that when depression was induced in mice by chronic stress, they ate less and lost weight.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that young adults with a history of parental incarceration and juvenile justice involvement are nearly three times more likely to have depression or PTSD compared to peers without any experience with the criminal justice system. Anxiety is also nearly twice as common in this population.
A new study by Jack Goncalo reveals that creativity in the workplace can lead to self-disclosure, as employees share unique perspectives and ideas that reflect their personal preferences. This can make the creative act feel risky and consequential, particularly when sharing ideas with colleagues.
A new NIH-funded study found that hospital emergency room closures can adversely affect health outcomes for heart attack patients at neighboring hospitals. Conversely, when a new emergency department opens, health outcomes for those patients improve.
A new study in INFORMS journal Management Science proposes a two-part method combining the donor-priority rule and freeze-period to increase organ quality and quantity. The solution is estimated to boost social welfare by $235 million a year and add 18 years to patient life expectancy, while increasing organ availability by 13%.
Researchers from Tomsk Polytechnic University have developed a new method of ion implantation that improves the wear resistance of stainless steel by over 100 times. This technology enables the creation of doped surface layers with a depth of several hundred micrometers, expanding its applications in industry.
The completed brown trout reference genome will enable scientists to identify sub-species and understand the genetic roots of this highly specialised species. This knowledge will facilitate targeted conservation efforts, particularly in light of rapid climatic change.
Researchers from top universities explore the use of automated text analysis to generate marketing insights, leveraging vast amounts of unstructured textual data. The study provides an overview of methodologies and metrics used in text analysis, offering guidelines for marketing researchers and scholars.
Scientists created a 3D map of a mouse genome using ultra-deep chromosome conformation capture technology, revealing surprising changes in genomic organization during development. The study used machine learning to gauge how easily accessible genes are for transcription, shedding light on gene regulation and its role in disease.
A new study confirms that SGLT2 inhibitors can prevent loss of kidney function and kidney failure in people with type 2 diabetes, reducing the risk by about 30%. The findings provide further strong support for the key role of SGLT2 inhibition in kidney protection.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara discovered a new material state with quantum disordered liquid-like magnetic moments in sodium ytterbium oxide. This finding confirms the existence of a long-sought 'quantum spin liquid state,' which is desirable due to its association with entanglement.
A new study by Imperial College London researchers shows that carbon taxes are insufficient to reduce emissions enough to meet the Paris Agreement targets. The study recommends incentivizing strategies that remove CO2 from the atmosphere alongside carbon taxes.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured an image of Hurricane Juliette over Socorro Island in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. The storm's strong thunderstorms affected the island with heavy rainfall. NASA's research indicates that cold cloud top temperatures are indicative of powerful storms capable of creating heavy rain.
Researchers found that nearly all dementia diagnoses were made by non-specialist physicians, leading to missed opportunities for more accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment. The study highlights the need for better training and tools for primary care doctors to diagnose dementia subtypes.
Experts Dr. Richard G. Frank and Len M. Nichols offer a three-step solution to affordable prescription drugs, targeting high-markup drugs and establishing reference prices for negotiations.
Research studies by SWOG Cancer Research Network reveal that low-income cancer patients and those without insurance may not receive the same treatment benefits as their counterparts. Socioeconomic deprivation is found to be a significant factor in cancer outcomes, even after adjusting for race and insurance status.
Researchers found that 'information gerrymandering' can bias election outcomes, with one party winning up to 60% of the time in simulated elections. The study used experiments involving 2,520 participants and identified actual information networks that show similar patterns.
A new study projects a cost-effective polypill to be the standard of care for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, offering excellent clinical and health economic returns on investment. The polypill is expected to save lives and money by reducing medication burden and increasing patient adherence.
Eastern gray squirrels in Ohio parks exhibit decreased vigilance when hearing bird species' casual chatter after a simulated hawk call, suggesting they can tap into cues of safety. The findings support the idea that non-alarm sounds like bird chatter could be as important as danger signals for these animals.
Researchers studied tau protein accumulation after a single traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 32 individuals and found increased deposition of tau associated with poorer memory and cognitive performance. Higher tau levels were also linked to more severe neurodegeneration and damage to the brain's white matter.
Researchers found that temperature influences functional traits between plants and microbes, leading to changes in nutrient cycling and carbon processing. As temperatures varied from tropical to boreal forests, the team observed shifts in bacterial genes tied to these processes.
A sepsis care quality improvement program at Loyola Medicine has been shown to lower in-hospital death rates by 30% and reduce discharge time by 25%. The program also resulted in significant cost savings of $272,645 among patients with suspected infections.
A new mathematical model is comparing the spread of Hepatitis C virus to that of mosquito-borne malaria, sparking creative ideas for reducing transmission. The study suggests replacing infected needles with new ones or changing the ratio of infected to uninfected needles could be effective in preventing the spread.
A new £11.2 million research consortium led by Professor Saiful Islam at the University of Bath aims to develop next-generation lithium batteries for electric vehicles with improved cost, performance, and range.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed a predictive model to identify veterans at risk of suicide, accelerating the process by running 300 times faster. Additionally, they discovered a lubricant that reduces friction in gears, increasing durability and efficiency. These breakthroughs aim to improve healthcare services f...
A study published in The BMJ suggests that taxing high sugar snacks may be more effective in reducing obesity levels than increasing the price of sugar sweetened drinks. Increasing the price of biscuits, cakes, and sweets by 20% could lead to an average weight loss of 1.3 kg over one year.
A new study published in Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) tailored for IBS can provide effective, long-term relief despite patients having no further therapy. The research indicates that easily accessible treatment could be provided to a large number of patients with IBS.
Scientists at CNRS have created polymers that can change information stored on a molecular level using specific wavelengths of light. This technology allows for the storage and decoding of secret messages, with potential applications in designing new materials.
A new study published in Science Advances found that genetic factors influencing adult obesity start to take effect in early childhood, around the age of 4-7 years old. Researchers discovered that nearly 100 genetic variants associated with adult BMI begin to play a role during this critical stage of development.
Researchers have developed an AI-powered drug discovery tool that validates novel drug candidates in just 46 days, significantly reducing the traditional 2-3 year timeline. The foundation aims to motivate researchers to harness AI's potential in longevity research and encourage larger developers to adopt AI-powered programs.
A new AI software developed by University of Oxford scientists can recognize individual chimpanzee faces in the wild, allowing researchers to track behavior over long periods. This technology has potential for conservation efforts and animal behavior research, offering a sustainable solution to monitor species.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have created a monosex prawn that produces only female offspring, reducing the risk of water-borne diseases. This breakthrough could alleviate poverty and protect the environment by increasing aquaculture yields and serving as a natural biocontrol agent.
Researchers found that certain transporter proteins, such as MAE1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe, can improve the secretion of dicarboxylic acids in baker's yeast with minimal energy expenditure. Building a comprehensive library of transporters will enable more efficient strain development and precise drug development.
The discovery of localization states in InGaN materials enables the creation of high-efficiency LEDs. Researchers have confirmed the existence of these energy minima states, which capture charge carriers and improve luminescence efficiency.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has released a new clinical guideline recommending the use of radiation therapy in pre-surgical, post-surgical, definitive and palliative settings. The guideline emphasizes a patient-centered approach integrating patients' values and preferences into treatment decisions.
Scientists have identified a missing Denisovan finger bone fragment revealing its morphology is closer to modern human digits than previously thought. The finding suggests that finger bone characteristics unique to Neanderthals evolved after the evolutionary split from Denisovans.
A Regenstrief Institute researcher suggests redesigning EHR platforms to clearly access relevant data, reducing distractions and information overload. His 13 principles aim to combat inefficiencies and improve EHR functionality for better clinician-patient care.
A study published in Current Anthropology found that extreme ritual practices, such as the kavadi attam, have positive effects on psychological well-being. Participants who engaged in higher levels of bodily mutilation experienced improved perceived health and quality of life.
Researchers found that higher serotonin levels after a seizure are associated with less breathing dysfunction, particularly in people who do not temporarily stop breathing during seizures. This study provides new insights into the possible link between serotonin levels and breathing during and after seizures.
The e-glove provides humanlike softness, warmth, appearance and sensory perception to prosthetic hand users, improving their daily life challenges. It senses pressure, temperature and hydration using electronic chips sending sensory data through a wristwatch.
A new study by Penn State researchers proposes an updated biochemical pathway explaining how Methanosarcina acetivorans uses iron to produce methane and carbon dioxide. The microorganism can now be manipulated to alter greenhouse gas production, offering potential for climate change mitigation.
Researchers found that neighborhoods with larger households have a lower risk of fire-related injuries and deaths among children. A household size of 2-3 people was associated with the highest risk of injury or death, while households with 4 or more people had a significantly reduced risk.
A new study modelled the effects of antibiotic prescriptions on developing antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the River Thames. Reducing antibiotic use by 80% is necessary to avoid a surge in superbugs, which could pose a more immediate risk to humanity than climate change.
A team of researchers discovered an effective method for removing lattice defects from crystals, particularly useful for semiconductor materials. By adding hydrogen and then annealing at low temperatures, they created an ordered phase of boron with a large unit cell, overcoming previous difficulties in achieving this structure.
Researchers have discovered new members of a protein complex that maintains functional beta cells in the pancreas, crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. The study reveals the complex's association with enzymes RNF20 and RNF40, which play a key role in gene expression and insulin release.
NASA used its Aqua satellite to analyze Tropical Storm Fernand's strength before it made landfall in northeastern Mexico. The storm had coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong storms with heavy rain potential.
A 12-week clinical trial found BioCell Collagen increased skin collagen content by 12% and improved signs of aging in women. The study showed significant reductions in facial lines and wrinkles, crow's feet width, and improved skin elasticity compared to placebo.
A new study identifies key transport proteins that facilitate the uptake of human milk oligosaccharides, crucial for developing a healthy infant gut microbiota. The researchers have established a framework to map the best sugars in mother's milk on the menu of infant health-beneficial gut bacteria.
A new vaccine candidate has been developed to treat and prevent toxic shock caused by invasive streptococcal disease. The 'J8' vaccine candidate has shown a 1000-1,000,000 fold reduction of bacterial burden in treated mice.