A recent study found that whole-lake experiments can reveal the causes of hyperstability in recreational fisheries. Habitat aggregation and effort sorting are identified as drivers of hyperstability collapse. Limiting angler effort through policy changes is proposed to protect vulnerable fish stocks.
During the pandemic, surgeons need a holistic approach that prioritizes patients' quality of life. Palliative care is crucial in managing pain and symptoms associated with COVID-19 treatment.
Researchers scanned brain activity from 10 couples using a new simultaneous imaging method, finding motor and sensory areas were activated during physical contact. The study suggests that brain functions become flexibly linked with each other during real-time social interaction.
Rutgers engineers have created a highly effective way to paint complex 3D-printed objects using an efficient painting method that reaches all nooks and crannies. The technique, known as electrospray deposition, has been used mainly for analytical chemistry but has also been applied in lab-scale demonstrations of coatings.
Researchers investigated how gut bacteria grow at different rates and their effect on dietary fibers, finding that faster growth rates alter the composition and metabolism of fecal microbiota. The study suggests that a person's diet can influence their gut microbiota by adjusting fiber intake to support healthy digestion.
A new study suggests that lionfish, an invasive species first identified in the Mediterranean in 2012, are thriving and well-established in the region. The species' generalist diet and rapid spread may disrupt the already stressed marine environment, leading to further ecological damage.
Common shrews have a high metabolic rate and quickly deplete their fat reserves in winter. However, they do not need to increase their metabolism in response to colder temperatures, thanks to their unique adaptation of shrinking in autumn and growing in spring.
Researchers have discovered a new effect called 'RF current condensation' that can stabilize magnetic islands in plasma, allowing for improved control of fusion reactors. By heating the islands with radio waves, scientists can drive electric currents that cause them to shrink and disappear, enhancing stability.
New research suggests that upward income mobility is associated with a trade-off between well-being and cardiometabolic health. Despite improved mental health, individuals who experience upward mobility may fare worse in terms of heart health compared to those with consistent disadvantage or advantage.
A new study by Boston University School of Public Health found that Black, Native American, and lower-income people are more likely to have underlying conditions increasing the risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. The researchers analyzed data from over 330,000 people and estimated that 43% of American adults have at least on...
The study highlights the potential of wide bandgap semiconductor devices built with silicon carbide to achieve faster switching speeds, lower losses, and higher blocking voltages. This technology has the potential to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions and promote a more sustainable green economy.
The American Geriatrics Society has published a policy brief outlining recommendations for federal, state, and local governments to address COVID-19 concerns in assisted living facilities. The guidelines prioritize resource needs, patient transfers, and public health priorities, aiming to empower healthcare workers on the frontlines of...
Researchers recreated DNA damage caused by tobacco smoke in laboratory-grown human bladder tissues. The study found that while direct DNA damage from smoke toxins is unlikely to cause bladder cancer, they may accelerate other DNA-damaging events.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology suggests that the re-emergence of bluetongue virus in France was caused by human activities, based on the virus' unusual genetic makeup. The research found a lack of mutations between outbreaks, indicating the virus may have been stored and then transmitted through artificial insemination.
Researchers at the University of Utah and Texas Advanced Computing Center used powerful supercomputers to rapidly generate molecular models of compounds relevant for COVID-19. They applied their approach, developed previously for Ebola virus research, to identify promising peptides that can disrupt the coronavirus.
Researchers have developed synthetic antibodies using bacterial superglue that can neutralize potentially lethal viruses like bunyaviruses. The antibodies were combined to form complexes that efficiently protected mice from the viruses.
A team of researchers has identified 122 peptides from the Asian citrus psyllid that may help combat citrus greening disease. The peptides are derived from the insect's own neuropeptides and have shown promise as potential insecticides for use in citrus groves.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have found a way to turbo charge molecular sensors in nerve cells, amplifying electrical signals to the brain and intensifying pain experience. This discovery could lead to targeted therapies for chronic pain conditions such as neuropathies and migraines.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a new drug formulation that significantly improves the activity of fluconazole against Candida biofilms. The study uses bacterial signals to improve fluconazole's effectiveness, offering a potential alternative to current antifungal treatments.
Deer damage is driven by factors such as climate, tree type, density, roads, and surrounding landscape, according to a new study. The study found that afforestation can influence deer damage in different areas of the country.
Researchers at NAOJ have demonstrated a new technique to reduce quantum noise in gravitational wave detectors, increasing sensitivity and allowing for the detection of fainter waves. This technique, known as frequency dependent vacuum squeezing, will enable improved sensitivity at both high and low frequencies simultaneously.
The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has released new guidelines for the management of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus triggered by allergens. Topical steroids are recommended as a first-line treatment, while proton pump inhibition, diet therapy, and esophageal dilation are ...
A new study from Annals of Internal Medicine reveals COVID-19 disparities affecting U.S. healthcare workers with risk factors for poor outcomes, as well as African Americans and Latinos disproportionately affected by the pandemic. The authors discuss lessons learned from prior experiences to reduce observed disparities.
The Overcoming COVID-19 study seeks factors increasing vulnerability to the novel coronavirus, collecting data from over 800 hospitalized patients and up to 400 for detailed observation. Researchers aim to understand why some children get very ill with COVID-19 and how to protect kids.
Researchers from the University of Seville found that initial motivation is related to individual differences in drop-out probability and satisfaction with the learning experience. The study suggests designing personalized learning plans based on a good initial diagnosis of students' learning intentions and motivational profiles.
A study published in eLife found that rapamycin, an immune-suppressing drug, reduces bone loss, inflammation, and changes to oral bacteria in older mice with gum disease. The treatment also reversed clinical features of periodontal disease, suggesting a potential approach for age-related dental problems.
A comprehensive analysis of a mountainous region in Southwest China reveals the driving mechanisms behind changes in soil chemical composition and distribution. Human activities like mining disrupt natural processes, affecting land quality and ecosystem health.
A study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that short-term cold exposure increased energy expenditure and improved fatty acid profiles in individuals with active brown fat. People with brown fat burned 15% more calories than those without, highlighting the organ's potential as a ta...
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry finds that children's rearing environment has a significant impact on their risk for major depression later in life. Adopted children showed lower risk of depression, regardless of their biological parents' mental health status.
Army researchers have developed a new electrolyte design for lithium-ion batteries that improves anode capacity by more than five times compared to traditional methods. The new design increases the number of possible cycles with little degradation, extending the lifespan of next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
A NYU study published in Pediatrics reveals that a triadic intervention involving parents and healthcare providers significantly reduces adolescent sexual risk behavior. The Families Talking Together program delays sexual debut by 12 months and increases condom use among adolescents aged 11-14.
Lehigh University has been awarded a $2.85 million NSF grant to develop programs that boost high school students' geospatial skills, STEM literacy and prepare them for careers in the field. The project aims to enhance learning in geospatial technologies through hands-on investigations.
Researchers studied Glacier Flat Creek in Alaska and found that glacier detachments can be triggered by increased subglacial water pressure due to melting ice. This phenomenon suggests that glaciers may pose new hazards as they melt at a faster pace, potentially leading to more frequent and destructive events.
Researchers have developed a multipurpose nanoscale bio-probe that allows precise monitoring of iron disorders in cells, tissue, and body fluids. The test is more sensitive and specific than current blood testing methods, enabling early disease diagnosis and potential prevention of serious diseases.
A new research model developed by HKBU scientists characterizes disease transmission patterns among different age groups and populations. The model enables policymakers to design work resumption plans that balance containment of disease transmission risk with gradual economic reopening.
Mas Subramanian aims to create vibrant, safe and durable inorganic red pigment using solid state materials chemistry research. His lab has previously discovered YInMn blue, a groundbreaking discovery in two centuries.
Conditional knockout of the mouse def gene in hepatocytes leads to cell morphology abnormality, constant inflammatory cells infiltration, and multiple tissue damage foci. Partial hepatectomy causes sudden acute death in def conditional knockout mice, which is rescued by dexamethasone treatment.
A new disinfection process developed by surgeons allows N95 masks to be reused up to 20 cycles, increasing employee acceptance and ensuring proper fit. This approach has improved the safety of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic by conserving personal protective equipment.
A study in Shenzhen, China analyzed data from 391 COVID-19 cases and their contacts to understand the virus's transmission dynamics. The analysis revealed that contact tracing and extensive testing reduced the incubation period to about three days, and household contacts were at high risk of infection.
Researchers identified top food sources for urban honey bees, including trees like maples and oaks in spring, and woody vines like Virginia creeper in summer and fall. The study highlights actionable findings for urban land management, beekeepers, and homeowners to sustain honey bees and other pollinator species.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are exploring potential security weaknesses in voice-activated speakers like Alexa and Google Home. They found that hackers can exploit devices using a passive attack called 'voice command fingerprinting', which involves eavesdropping on data transferred between the smart speaker and the clou...
Researchers developed a hierarchically porous TiO2/rGO hybrid material, which exhibited high and stable surface area and excellent reversible capacity. The material's (001) facets facilitate Li+ insertion-extraction at low current densities, while its porosity dominates the process at high currents.
A groundbreaking tool, LipidCreator, has been developed to efficiently analyze specific lipid groups and signal molecules, accelerating the discovery of biomarkers for diseases. This software enables scientists to quantify 60 lipid classes and their signaling molecules in larger studies than previously possible.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study reveals significant variation in how drug side effects are reported, potentially leading to misinformation about a drug's safety. The study suggests standardizing reporting methods could improve the accuracy of risk assessments and drug licensing.
Researchers used X-ray technology to analyze chainmail links from the Mary Rose, revealing their composition and extent of corrosion since recovery. The findings confirm the effectiveness of conservation techniques and hint at further history yet to be uncovered.
Scientists developed a unique nanostructure that limits silicon's expansion while fortifying it with carbon, enabling it to hold twice the charge of traditional graphite anodes. The porous silicon structure exhibits remarkable mechanical strength, making it suitable for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
The UTA team is developing a comprehensive vision of Texas' transportation system in 25 years, incorporating autonomous vehicles and surveying Texans' needs. The project aims to proactively prepare for emerging technologies and ensure a preferred future vision.
Researchers have developed a novel MRI compatible graphene fiber DBS electrode, enabling full activation pattern mapping by simultaneous deep brain stimulation and fMRI. This breakthrough showed a close relationship between fMRI activation and DBS therapeutic improvement in Parkinsonian rat models.
A Baylor University researcher suggests that clinicians should be aware of their misconceptions about Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and educate themselves about the program to integrate it into their work with clients. Both AA and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) aim to help individuals accept personal responsibility for their actions.
A new study led by Yale Cancer Center researchers shows that immunotherapy prior to surgery can increase the rate of complete eradication of high-risk HER2-negative breast cancer from the breast and lymph nodes. The treatment combination of durvalumab, a checkpoint inhibitor, with chemotherapy resulted in a higher pCR rate compared to ...
Researchers have found an increase in marine debris collected on beaches of Bird Island and Signy Island, with most items being plastic. Scientists also discovered that fishing vessels contribute significantly to plastic pollution, threatening seabirds and other wildlife in the region.
Dexrazoxane has been shown to preserve cardiac function and reduce risk of severe cardiac events in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study suggests dexrazoxane should be considered for cardioprotection in all pediatric patients undergoing standard chemotherapy for AML.
A startup-developed AI system using facial recognition and thermal imaging detects fevers remotely in people near hospital front desks, alerting staff to potential COVID-19 cases. The system has been successfully implemented at Albert Einstein Jewish Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.
A new study predicts that US agricultural workers will experience double the number of unsafe days due to extreme heat by 2050, with health risks tripling. The research suggests that adapting working conditions, such as using lighter protective clothing and taking breaks, can mitigate these risks.
A new study found that biases against physically dirty people take root in children as early as age 5 and persist into adulthood. The researchers also discovered that these biases extend to the sick, holding implications for people diagnosed with Covid-19.
The University of Huddersfield researchers are working with Ecorys to understand how the pandemic affects children and young people's everyday lives. Over 18 months, they will recruit and train young people as co-researchers to document their family lives, peer relationships, education, and roles in society.
Researchers from Skoltech and MIPT discovered the stable crystal structure of molybdenum pentaboride MoB5, with four to five boron atoms per molybdenum atom, resisting compression and deformations. The predicted hardness is close to that of superhard materials.
Australian researchers discovered that Toxoplasma-infected male mice passed altered epigenetic signatures to their offspring, affecting brain development and behavior. The study raises concerns about potential long-term impacts of infections in human fathers on their children's health.
Research at the University of Huddersfield warns that smaller construction firms are missing out on cutting-edge techniques like BIM and Lean Construction, which can improve efficiency and productivity. The study found that SMEs are not adopting these practices, despite their potential to transform the industry.
A new study found that pharmacies in Appalachian Kentucky are limiting buprenorphine dispensing due to concerns about DEA caps, distrust of pharmaceutical companies, and stigma against people who use drugs. This limits access to effective treatment for opioid use disorder, which affects fewer than two in ten individuals.
Scientists at Washington State University have discovered candidate genes that could be used to manufacture Taxol more quickly and efficiently. The genes, characterized by lead researcher Mark Lange, will enable engineers to develop organisms that can produce the cancer-fighting drug.
A device that simulates borehole ballooning has been developed to help prevent serious drilling accidents and irreversible damage. The device can accurately simulate conditions like fracture opening pressures, rock types, and mud circulation pressures, and its experimental results have validated theoretical research on the topic.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need for better dental care and oral health strategies. Research suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is primarily transmitted through direct contact and respiratory droplets, with oral mucosa being an initial site of entry.
A team of researchers from Argonne National Laboratory has developed a simple pretreatment step that enables membranes to be enhanced using atomic layer deposition (ALD). The method involves dipping membranes in tannic acid, which provides nucleation sites for ALD coatings. This technique now opens up new possibilities for improving me...
Researchers at Lund University discovered a unique energy-saving strategy used by Arctic birds during the polar night, involving weakening their immune system. This adaptation allows them to conserve energy on keeping warm and finding food, but may pose risks when climate change alters migratory patterns and disease transmission.
A new Northwestern University study links childhood trauma and family dysfunction to increased risk of heart attacks and strokes in adulthood. Adults who experienced high levels of adversity in childhood are more than 50% more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found that fluid flow across flat surfaces has three distinct zones, including a lengthy transitional zone, which significantly affects heat transfer calculations. This discovery could improve the accuracy of heat exchanger designs and engineering practices in various industries.
Researchers found that regulatory mutations in TBX5 and PITX1 genes cause foot feathering in both domesticated breeds of chickens and pigeons. This study demonstrates a remarkable convergence in the evolution of this trait across species, suggesting that favored mutations have been spread through strong phenotypic selection.
The study found that routine affection is essential for women's relationship satisfaction, while higher levels of routine affection correlate with men's relationship satisfaction. Non-sexual physical affection has a significant association with solid marriages.
Research focuses on simultaneous cannabis and alcohol use's impact on fetal brain development, nerve growth, and blood vessels. The study aims to understand the combined effects of SAC on developing offspring.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign developed spinobots that can walk using a rat muscle and spinal cord tissue. The integration of the spinal cord gives them a natural walking rhythm, which could have implications for neurocomputing and restorative medicine.
Researchers at CNIC have created a novel mouse model that enables the direct analysis of protein mechanical function. The model, based on titin and HaloTag-TEV genetic cassette, allows for controlled disruption of protein mechanics to study cellular responses.
Researchers successfully combined rat spinal cords with tissue-engineered muscles, creating a biohybrid system that produces electrical activity causing contraction. This innovation could lead to breakthroughs in understanding diseases like Lou Gehrig's and developing new surgical training tools.
A new device developed at Carnegie Mellon University uses multiple strings attached to the hand and fingers to simulate the feel of obstacles and heavy objects in virtual reality. The device provides more realistic haptic feedback than other techniques, enabling users to feel the contours of virtual objects and sense resistance.
A mobile telehealth system in China has been successfully implemented to facilitate clinical communication among healthcare providers and patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The system allows for secure sharing of patient information, overcoming a significant challenge faced by hospitals treating isolated patients.
Researchers observed that monkeys on Coiba spent up to 14.5 minutes on the ground, whereas mainland sites had smaller group sizes and limited ground time. The absence of predators likely played a key role in the behavior.
Researchers have developed a graphene-based sensor that can detect biomarkers with high sensitivity, allowing for quick and simple disease diagnosis. The sensor uses the deformation of a single atomic sheet to trap biomarkers, which generates force deforming the graphene into a dome shape.
A clinical trial found that a breast cancer drug called olaparib is more effective than targeted hormone therapy at keeping advanced prostate cancer in check. The study showed significant delays in disease progression for men with faulty DNA repair genes.
Red blood cells deform and recover when passing through tiny channels, revealing a possible new method to diagnose diseases such as malaria. The researchers found that the shape recovery behavior depends on flow speed, viscosity, and elastic properties of the cell's outer membrane.
Researchers have developed a sensitive and specific assay to detect different serotypes of Salmonella, enabling rapid tracing of infection origins. The new DNA test can distinguish between subtypes of Salmonella in just eight minutes and has the potential to simplify and accelerate food-borne illness investigations.
Researchers found that genetic variants at Tbx5 and Pitx1 contribute to foot feathering in both chickens and pigeons. A 17,000 base-pair long deletion near Pitx1 removes the same exact region in both species, indicating similar mutations and molecular pathways.
A team of HKUST researchers has analyzed the genome sequence of the scaly-foot snail, a deep-sea creature with armor-like scales. The study reveals that the snail's unique morphology is largely determined by genes already present in other mollusks, such as squid and pearl oysters.
Researchers found that brain activity changes with heartbeat, suppressing certain components associated with consciousness during systole, leading to reduced detection of weak stimuli. Additionally, a large heartbeat-evoked potential indicates focus on internal bodily signals over external environmental cues.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have discovered a molecular mechanism that amplifies pain signals in the nervous system. This finding has significant implications for understanding and treating chronic pain conditions such as neuropathies, arthritic pains, and migraines.
Researchers adapt a safe procedure from blood banking for use in coronavirus diagnostics, combining samples from up to 30 individuals in a single test tube. This approach significantly expands testing capacity and saves resources, particularly when infection rates are low.
Research published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that people with work-related stress were 1.4 times as likely to have a record of peripheral artery disease in hospitalization registers. Work-related stress, or job strain, refers to psychological and social stress at work.
A clinical trial is set to examine whether post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using the existing HIV medication Kaletra can halt or slow the spread of COVID-19. Researchers will track participants exposed to confirmed cases, administering the medication for 14 days, the estimated incubation period for COVID-19.
Experts at UTHealth report a breakthrough in treating severe COVID-19 cases in children, illustrating that the disease can be successfully managed despite its severity.
Researchers at Peking University developed a new fluorinated fused-ring electron acceptor with 3D stacking and exciton and charge transport, leading to improved efficiency in organic solar cells. The OSCs based on FINIC showed an efficiency of 14.0%, significantly higher than nonfluorinated INIC-based cells.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that mistakes in short-term memory, such as misperceiving the motion direction of dots, contribute to our ability to recognize and integrate visual information over time. This 'blurring' of perception helps us perceive a stable environment despite constant changes.
Researchers found that a uniform grid-like pattern of crop sowing leads to higher yields (76% of trials) and fewer weeds (73% of trials). This approach can reduce herbicide use and fertiliser runoff, resulting in more sustainable agriculture.
The Hubble Space Telescope has imaged the breakup of comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS), revealing approximately 30 fragments on April 20 and 25 pieces on April 23. The comet's fragmented appearance changes substantially between the two days, sparking debate among researchers about the cause of fragmentation.
A new study has discovered a link between gene defects and eczema, wheeze, and nasal blockage among babies as young as six months. The research suggests that treatment targeted towards children carrying these genetic defects started soon after birth could improve their lives.
The Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has received a letter of support from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to facilitate the development and validation of pancreatic islet autoantibodies as enrichment biomarkers for type 1 diabetes clinical trials. This collaboration aims to accelerate drug development in T1D by identifying patient...
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation is offering extension awards to scientists impacted by COVID-19 related laboratory shutdowns, providing up to $1,170,000 in additional funding during this fiscal year. This support aims to help promising scientists regain momentum and continue their cancer research.
Researchers developed an AI system that analyzes linguistic patterns to predict a youth's risk for committing acts of school violence. The system matches the clinical judgements and accuracy of psychiatrists 94 percent of the time, demonstrating its potential to help address youth violence at schools.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a method to stabilize lithium-sulfur batteries, extending their cycle life by four times. This breakthrough enables more environmentally sustainable and cost-effective battery production, with potential applications in electric vehicles and renewable energy.
A new study estimates that nearly 3 million US children have visual-spatial learning disorder, affecting math, executive function, and fine motor skills. The disorder is often overlooked due to its name and lack of consensus among physicians on diagnosis and treatment.
Experts in Ayurveda and yoga propose using these traditional practices to boost immune function and prevent COVID-19 infection. The authors discuss various methods, including local prophylaxis with herbal drinks and steam inhalation, as well as systemic approaches focusing on diet, sleep, and mental relaxation.
Researchers developed a multi-cancer blood test that detected some cancers, including ovarian cancers, and successfully screened for non-cancer causes before diagnostic tests. The test showed promise as a minimally invasive option to increase cancer detection rates in populations already following standard screening approaches.
Researchers create novel molecular cage that confines and twists target molecules, activating specific chemical bonds. The twist angle can be precisely controlled using stuffing molecules, enabling accelerated reaction rates.
Richard Waring, a renowned researcher at Oregon State University, has been awarded the prestigious Marcus Wallenberg Prize along with Joe Landsberg and Nicholas Coops. The prize recognizes their groundbreaking work on a computer model predicting forest growth in changing climates.
Researchers developed ultra-sensitive and stable X-ray detectors using 0D MA3Bi2I9 single-crystals, achieving low operating doses of 0.62 nGyair s-1 and high sensitivity comparable to 3D perovskite detectors. The discovery promises a promising X-ray detector candidate for medical applications.
The US prison and jail system faces significant challenges in preventing COVID-19 transmission, according to a new study. The authors emphasize the need for effective policies and programs to minimize the spread of the virus.
Researchers discovered a deficiency in S1P, a type of fatty molecule, in schizophrenia patients' brains. Preventing S1P degradation might lead to new treatments for the disorder, which affects one in three patients with ineffective current therapies.
A new study analyzing Vietnam's population reveals a rich genetic diversity with heterogeneous ancestry profiles in each language family. The research finds evidence of extensive contact between Vietnamese groups and other populations, challenging previous studies' suggestions of an indigenous origin.
A blood test developed by Thrive Earlier Detection Corp. has identified multiple cancers in over 10,000 women without a prior history of cancer. The study found that the test more than doubled the number of 'screen-detected' cancers, increasing from 25% to 52%.