A study led by Washington State University researchers found that inhibiting the FOXO1 protein can protect the heart from cell death and atrophy caused by chemotherapy drugs like doxorubicin. This breakthrough discovery may lead to promising new treatment strategies or drugs that combine a FOXO1 inhibitor with doxorubicin.
A new method enables predictions for the development of species-rich forests, which can help mitigate climate change and promote biodiversity. The method uses a digital experiment to simulate tree growth, death, and reproduction, and has been shown to be reliable with only five strategy types.
ETH Zurich researchers have designed cost-effective oxygen concentrators to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. The devices use a novel membrane technology and can be replicated almost anywhere in the world using locally available materials.
Researchers reconstructed 3D models of baby dinosaur skulls, revealing they develop in the same order as modern reptiles. The embryos were found to be fossilized at approximately 60% through their incubation period, much earlier than previously thought.
Researchers have created a new Pt-based catalyst using the 'composite energy trap' model, which effectively inhibits migration and agglomeration of loaded nanoparticles. The model catalyst retains high activity even after aging at 1000°C, offering promising results for sintering-resistant nano-catalysts.
A new study has measured wind speeds on a brown dwarf using infrared and radio emissions, revealing strong winds of up to 2,400 kilometers per hour. The technique can be adapted to characterize atmospheres of exoplanets with similar rotation rates and periodic variability.
Researchers found that distinct microbiomes composed of different types of bacteria contribute to varying levels of colorectal cancer in genetically identical mice. The study suggests that certain bacteria promote inflammation and exhaust immune cells, increasing susceptibility to cancer.
A neuroimaging study found that creative insights trigger a burst of activity in the brain's reward system, motivating further creative activities. Highly reward-sensitive individuals show an additional neural reward response associated with intrinsically rewarding creative experiences.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill developed a one-way street for electrons by shaping silicon into a funnel, allowing for faster data processing and energy harvesting. This technology may enable devices to wirelessly charge themselves from the data they receive without needing to leave a person's wrist.
A survey of Israeli adults found that public compliance with a self-quarantine order is significantly higher when individuals are assured of receiving compensation for lost wages. The study suggests that continuous earning is a crucial factor in determining public compliance with public health regulations.
A study by University of Texas at Austin researchers reveals that long-lived pioneer trees, which grow fast and live long lives, account for most of the biomass and carbon storage in some tropical rainforests. The finding improves climate models' accuracy by considering variations in tree species' growth, survival, and reproduction.
Researchers from TU Dresden have developed novel noble metal aerogels that exhibit exceptional electrocatalytic properties, outperforming commercial platinum catalysts in a range of applications. These advanced materials show promise for efficient electrochemical hydrogen production, including green hydrogen and fuel cells.
Researchers at UB and Harvard Business School found that people who base their self-worth on financial success experience pressure and lack of autonomy, leading to negative social outcomes. The study emphasizes the importance of preserving personal relationships in maintaining good mental health.
Researchers found that black rhinos carrying oxpeckers are better at sensing and avoiding humans than those without the birds. Oxpeckers' alarm calls help rhinos detect humans from a safe distance, allowing them to reorient themselves to face downwind.
The TAILORx trial found that women on hormone therapy also experienced cognitive decline, which leveled off over time. Cognitive function did not return to pre-treatment levels in either group, and hormone therapy may play a role in this impairment.
Researchers have discovered ancient monkey teeth in Peru that provide evidence of a now-extinct monkey species crossing the Atlantic Ocean from Africa. The site is dated to around 34 million years ago, and the monkeys are believed to have traveled on floating vegetation rafts.
Ants adapt their behavior to avoid traps by associating visual cues with negative experiences. Researchers studied two species of ants that changed their route on the second attempt after experiencing a setback.
Researchers identified a novel sublineage of EV-A71-C4 isolates with two recombinants, showing greater virulence than the B5 subgenotype. The study suggests that C4 strains may be more deadly than B5 strains in northern Vietnam.
Researchers at the University of Montreal are using convalescent plasma to develop a passive immunization program for COVID-19 treatment. The program, which involves transfusing plasma from recovered patients, has shown promise in reducing mortality rates in severe viral pneumonias.
A recent study by Professor Michael Schrader and his team has explored the impact of peroxisome alterations on disease. The researchers found that defects in peroxisomal dynamics and division can lead to metabolic disorders, including developmental and neurological abnormalities.
Researchers have developed 3D-printed coral-inspired structures that can grow dense populations of microscopic algae, opening up new applications for coral conservation and bioenergy. The innovative technology mimics the symbiotic relationship between corals and algae, with microalgae producing sugars to the coral through photosynthesis.
From 1999 to 2017, approximately 64,000 firework-related eye injuries were treated in US emergency departments. The study found that men and children under 18 were more likely to be injured.
Researchers found that women who made lifestyle modifications in middle age reduced their long-term risk of total stroke by nearly a quarter and ischemic stroke by more than one-third. Engaging in daily exercise and quitting smoking were estimated to reduce the risk of total stroke by 25% and ischemic stroke by 36%.
The Texas Advanced Computing Center has announced that the National Science Foundation has approved allocations of supercomputing time on Frontera to 49 science projects. These projects will utilize a total of 54 million node hours and constitute approximately 65% of the total time on the system being allocated for this year.
The Journal of Public Policy & Marketing explores the complex relationship between consumer power and access, examining how technology, wealth, and industry organization influence this dynamic. Key findings highlight the importance of perceived access to healthcare, financial capability, and trait hope in improving consumer outcomes.
Researchers used advanced imaging to study proteins at the molecular level in live E. coli bacteria. Silver ions caused paired DNA strands to separate and protein binding to weaken, resulting in faster protein movement. This new understanding could help develop better antibiotics using silver nanoparticles.
Researchers found that diet can alter the way sugar tastes in fruit flies, using the same molecular pathways as learning and memory. They discovered that certain diets promote long life also enhance taste perception, and that eating high amounts of sugar suppresses sweet taste perception.
USC scientists have developed a new redox flow battery that stores electricity in solutions, sorts electrons, and releases power when needed. The technology uses iron sulfate and anthraquinone disulfonic acid (AQDS) to store electrochemical energy, with advantages over competitors in terms of cost, durability, and scalability.
The article highlights the need for a new approach to biosecurity governance, grounded in experimentation. Key findings include the importance of framing governance experiments with hypotheses, developing capacity to quickly identify difficult cases, and fostering cross-biology communities for iterative improvement.
A six-millimetre-long cord fragment discovered in Abri du Maras, France, dates back to between 41,000-52,000 years ago and features a three-ply cord made from natural fibres. The discovery suggests that Neanderthals may have possessed advanced cognitive abilities, including mathematical concepts and basic numeracy skills.
Researchers have identified a gene from a wild wheatgrass relative that confers resistance to fusarium head blight in wheat. The Fhb7 gene, likely transferred from a fungus, detoxifies mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi and promotes broad resistance without affecting yield.
Researchers have developed unified formulas to predict the behavior of light and sound waves in heterogeneous materials. This allows for the design of multifunctional composites with specific responses to waves, paving the way for engineered hyperuniform materials.
Researchers Susanne Hellmuth and Olaf Stemmann found that the protein shugoshin regulates separase activity, preventing premature sister chromatid separation. This discovery adds to our understanding of chromosome inheritance and highlights the importance of tight regulation in cell division.
Researchers discovered evidence of cord making on a flint fragment from Abri du Maras in France, dating back 40,000 years. The remains showed twisted fibres made of cellulose, likely from coniferous trees, highlighting the cognitive abilities and knowledge of Neanderthals.
The article proposes algorithms for evaluating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and signs of acute heart attack, guiding triage and treatment. Mayo Clinic cardiologists and radiologists emphasize the importance of immediate and appropriate treatment to minimize risks for both patients and medical staff.
Computational simulations help clinicians visualize AHT impact and predict short- and long-term effects. The study reveals CSF protection is limited to the first shake, with repeated shakes causing brain damage.
Despite limited evidence, wearing face masks could have a substantial impact on transmission and social distancing measures. Experts argue that proper mask use can be taught and implemented consistently, reducing the risk of transmission.
The UNCC-Lehigh team aims to improve dry cooling systems in coal power plants, reducing water consumption and increasing efficiency without adding water. They will develop an integrated heat exchanger and thermal energy storage unit to achieve this goal.
Researchers evaluated integrated crop-livestock systems in paddy fields, finding higher grain yields with lower fertilizer application. ICLS promotes nutrient cycling, leading to increased nutrient-use efficiency and reduced dependence on external inputs.
Physicists Rees McNally and Tanya Zelevinsky have proposed two novel methods of searching for dark matter by measuring tiny perturbations in fundamental constants. These methods involve using gravity sensors and LIGO gravitational wave detectors to detect a small extra 'push' or acceleration on normal matter caused by dark matter clumps.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have developed a new method for separating the stereoisomers of an oxidized amino acid, opening up new opportunities for studying its role in biological processes. The method uses supercritical fluid chromatography to purify the stereoisomers with high purity.
A Mayo Clinic article highlights the risks of relying on COVID-19 testing, citing the high sensitivity of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and its limitations in ruling out the disease. Health care officials are advised to consider patient characteristics and exposure when interpreting test results.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a technique to produce atomic-scale 3D images of nanoparticles, enabling precise measurement of their atomic positions. They also created an antiferromagnetic switch for computer memory and processing applications, revolutionizing spin-based electronics.
A team of scientists used machine learning to speed up the process of identifying optimal self-assembling peptides for biocompatible electronic devices. By screening 8,000 candidates, they were able to rank each design and pave the way for experimentalists to test the most promising ones.
A massive monitoring study found Canada lynx on only 20% of its potential habitat in Washington state, highlighting the impact of climate change and wildfire on their survival. The research suggests that lynx are a key indicator species for climate change, with warming temperatures and reduced snowpack threatening their ability to thrive.
Scientists have developed a new technology to study the inner ear using synchrotron X-rays, providing insights into cochlear implant success. The method allows for three-dimensional mapping of blood vessels in the inner ear, which may lead to improved electrode design and better hearing results.
Researchers at IBS South Korea successfully dissected SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome, mapping subgenomic RNAs to viral proteins. The study reveals dozens of unknown RNAs with potential roles in immune evasion.
A study of young adult cancer survivors found that e-cigarette users were more likely to experience cancer relapse compared to non-users. The researchers analyzed national survey data and found a significant association between e-cigarette use and increased risk of cancer recurrence.
Researchers developed a mathematical model that forecasts patient responses to intermittent androgen deprivation therapy based on changing levels of the biomarker PSA. The model predicted 89% accuracy in developing patient resistance, enabling personalized treatment options.
Researchers at the University of Louisville are using the computing power of thousands of computers in classrooms across Kentucky to identify drugs to treat COVID-19. The DataseamGrid, a network of computers housed in classrooms, is being used to test over 11,000 drugs and compounds for potential effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers discovered that UM cells lacking the BAP1 protein activate mechanisms shutting down T lymphocytes, which are crucial immune cells fighting cancer. The study identified potential target molecules using existing drugs approved for other diseases, offering a promising approach to combat metastatic uveal melanoma.
A clinical trial found that immunotherapy significantly slowed the worsening of urothelial cancer when given after platinum-based chemotherapy, with a 60% longer time to cancer progression compared to the control group. The switch maintenance immunotherapy approach is expected to become a standard of care for metastatic bladder cancer.
A University of Michigan-led team has produced a synthetic microparticle with a twisted, spiky structure that surpasses nature's complexity. The particles show promise for improving fluid-and-particle mixes and could lead to new technologies in holographic projectors and biosensors.
A new unbonded carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) method for strengthening steel structures has been developed by researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology. This approach enhances buckling performance without the need for surface treatments, resulting in cost savings and improved structural integrity.
A new optical imaging technology developed by Purdue University researchers may improve outcomes for patients with cancer and brain diseases. The technology uses contrast in light absorption to locate tumors and study neuron activation, providing more detailed information than current methods.
A study combining 47 studies with 23,000 participants estimated that cannabis withdrawal syndrome affects approximately 8% of individuals who stop using the substance. The syndrome's symptoms include irritability, nervousness or anxiety, depression, and headache.
Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy significantly decreases prostate volume and improves lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Men without metabolic syndrome benefit most from the treatment.
A new high-resolution melting analysis-based test (HRM) has been developed to improve the diagnosis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), a condition affecting approximately five percent of women. The test is accurate, rapid, and cost-effective, offering better value than current genetic testing methods.
A new study finds deep flaws in EPA's benefit-cost analysis supporting a proposed rule to roll back Mercury and Air Toxics Standards. The analysis ignores scientific evidence and economic best practice, failing to account for recent science and changes in electricity generation.
A novel clinical trial using the REMAP-CAP platform aims to rapidly test multiple treatment approaches for COVID-19. The UPMC-REMAP-COVID19 trial will integrate with electronic health records, allowing doctors to prescribe treatments quickly and efficiently.