Researchers develop Dual CAR T cell immunotherapy to target HIV reservoir, showing promise in controlling viral replication and preserving CD4+ T cells. The therapy was effective in slowing HIV replication, killing infected cells, and suppressing the virus with ART.
A team at the University of Colorado Boulder developed a possible fix for the problem of spring cleaning on the moon: using an electron beam to zap away dust. The technology has shown promise in removing fine dust particles from surfaces, with an average cleaning power of 75-85%.
The ATPCI trial found that trimetazidine administered after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) does not improve outcomes in patients with chronic or acute coronary syndromes. Trimetazidine protects against myocardial ischaemia by improving the heart's metabolism, but its benefits were limited.
Researchers found that warnings about inaccurate information decreased susceptibility to misinformation. Warnings were effective whether delivered before or after the misinformation, and participants displayed increased brain activity related to the original event.
Researchers found that individuals with a genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease exhibit impaired path integration, a cognitive ability essential for spatial navigation. The study suggests that grid cell activity in the entorhinal cortex plays a crucial role in this process, and may serve as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center discovered a distinct antibody profile in patients with non-celiac gluten sensitivity, which differs from those with celiac disease. This finding could lead to better detection methods and potential new therapies for celiac disease treatment.
A study using ocean chemistry models reveals that respiration quotient increases with rising temperature, leading to accelerated declines in ocean oxygen. The findings suggest a link between global warming and reduced ocean oxygen availability.
Researchers have developed a new tool to simulate electron-light interactions with unprecedented accuracy, enabling the study of ultra-fast processes and complex dynamics. The breakthrough, led by Professor Nahid Talebi, combines Maxwell and Schrödinger equations to describe electron-light interactions beyond adiabatic approximations.
Researchers at UVA Health System discovered that many microglial cells originate from blood monocytes, which transform into troops to defend the brain after infant strokes. This finding sheds light on the development of brain's immune defenses and has implications for understanding newborn brain injury.
The EMPEROR-Reduced trial found that empagliflozin significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure, as well as adverse renal outcomes. By extending benefits to higher-risk patients, this trial supports the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure treatment.
Researchers identified a specific brain circuit vulnerable to juvenile social isolation in mice, which may lead to treatments for sociability deficits and psychiatric disorders. Stimulation of this circuit restored normal social behavior in adult mice with juvenile isolation.
A team at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology has developed a system to produce true holographic three-dimensional images appearing mid-air, viewable from most angles in the room. The proof of concept uses metasurface materials that can manipulate light, allowing for a genuine holographic movie.
Researchers at WashU Medicine developed an approach to assess vaccine activation in lymph nodes, showing that the flu vaccine can elicit antibodies protecting against a broad range of flu viruses. The findings could aid in designing an improved flu vaccine providing protection against old and new strains.
Helper bacteria, such as Mycetocola tolaasinivorans, protect white button mushrooms from the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas tolaasii by enzymatically disabling its toxin and motility. This mechanism involves a lactonase enzyme that linearizes the tolaasin toxin into a non-toxic structure.
A large Swedish study found no association between H1N1 influenza vaccination during pregnancy and an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in the offspring. Researchers adjusted for potential confounders to minimize influence from other factors.
Researchers analyzed anonymous county-level cell phone location data and incidence of COVID-19 in over 2,500 US counties between January and May 2020. The study found that changes in cell phone activity were associated with COVID-19 incidence, suggesting that anonymized cell phone location data can help public health officials monitor ...
Researchers at Linkæping University have developed a molecule that can absorb and store solar energy. The molecule is part of a group known as molecular photoswitches and can undergo a chemical reaction to change its energy state, enabling efficient storage of solar energy.
Researchers used genomics to discover the New Guinea singing dog still thrives in the Highlands of New Guinea. The study reveals that captive dogs have lost genomic variation due to inbreeding, threatening their survival.
Researchers propose using nanomaterials to elevate oxygen levels in tumor tissues, reducing resistance to therapies. Additionally, therapeutic gas-generating and radical-generating nanomaterials can control oxygen delivery and induce cell death, offering new avenues for hypoxic tumor treatment.
A new study found that the yellow mealworm shows promise as a good, sustainable food source due to its high protein content and versatility. The research also identified potential uses for the insect's waste as organic fertilizer.
Researchers from the University of Queensland have found that 'dead' coral rubble supports more animals than live coral, revealing a new understanding of these often-overlooked habitats. The discovery highlights the importance of biodiversity in these areas, which are dominated by tiny invertebrates and microorganisms.
A citizen science study led by the Estonian Research Council analyzed data from over 1,700 observations, revealing a systematic dominance of short-styled morphs and increased deviations in smaller populations with higher human population density. The findings have significant implications for conservation efforts, highlighting another ...
Researchers will investigate how changes in microbial diversity affect ecosystem function and health. The study aims to understand the role of functional redundancy in maintaining healthy ecosystems, with a focus on environmental complexity and its impact on soil health.
Researchers found that individuals with disagreeable personalities exhibit high levels of dominant behavior, which enhances their power. However, this is offset by lower generosity and willingness to help others, diminishing their power.
A team of engineers and computer scientists are developing a theory of deep learning based on rigorous mathematical principles to improve reliability and predictability in AI systems. They will use three perspectives: local to global understanding, statistical analysis, and formal verification.
Typhoon Maysak's eye is expected to pass just west of Okinawa Island within 24 hours. The storm has maximum sustained winds near 100 knots (115 mph/185 kph) and is predicted to make landfall in southern South Korea.
A new wearable device could accurately assess blood loss due to hemorrhage using seismic vibrations and electrical signals from the heart. The device would provide a numerical score indicating the severity of cardiovascular system performance, helping first responders make life-saving decisions.
Researchers study how SMEs successfully commercialize inventions, identifying key factors such as clear clients and open innovation culture. The project aims to develop interventions like training programs to increase licensing of external solutions.
Researchers have discovered strong evidence of quantum fluctuations near a quantum critical point in a copper oxide material, which could lead to new understanding of high-temperature superconductivity. The study used RIXS to map out phonon vibrations and observed unexpectedly strong charge order excitations at the QCP.
Researchers used radiocarbon dating and CT scans to study ancient bones, revealing a Bronze Age tradition of retaining and curating human remains. The findings suggest that Bronze Age people valued the dead in tangible ways, often keeping remains in their homes or displaying them as grave goods.
Researchers have designed new hydrogels that can mimic the environment of lymph nodes, where T-cells proliferate and multiply. The hydrogels are made from polyethylene glycol and heparin, allowing them to anchor cytokines and promote cell migration and proliferation.
A new study found that ultra-processed food consumption is associated with shorter telomeres, a marker of biological age. The research suggests that diet may be causing cells to age faster.
A team of researchers has discovered a previously unknown relative of the ancient enzyme rubisco, which is central to photosynthesis and carbon fixation. The new form, called form I-prime rubisco, provides clues about how this enzyme evolved over billions of years.
A study published in PNAS identified an overlap between cytokine release syndrome and COVID-19, finding that IL-6 signaling blockade can alleviate symptoms of both conditions. By treating severe COVID-19 patients with a human monoclonal antibody-based drug called Actemra, PAI-1 levels rapidly declined and disease symptoms were alleviated.
New research challenges assumption that asthma is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 hospitalization and intubation, finding lower prevalence rates among hospitalized patients compared to the general population.
A study by Louisiana State University researchers found that heavy rainfall in August can suppress crawfish harvest yields in the spring due to low oxygen levels in ponds. Winter temperatures also impact crawfish growth, with freezing conditions slowing it down.
A study of 34 countries found that intergenerational resource sharing is associated with lower mortality rates and increased life expectancy. The nature of sharing did not affect the outcome, suggesting that it may reflect social interconnectedness and benefit human health.
A new study from the University of Leeds and the Danish Meteorological Institute found that ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at a rate accelerating faster than expected. If these rates continue, sea levels will rise by an additional 17cm, exposing 16 million people to coastal flooding annually.
The Suomi NPP satellite captured two images of California's wildfires, showing the direction of smoke travel and aerosol layer thickness. The smoke was traveling in two directions, with some heading east to Salt Lake City and others west into the Pacific Ocean.
Scientists estimate nature-based solutions for agricultural pest control deliver $14.6-19.5 billion annually across 23 countries. Non-chemical crop protection (biological control) outperforms traditional Green Revolution methods, promoting rural growth and prosperity.
A new phone app has been shown to effectively reduce symptoms of eating disorders in college women, including binge eating and depression. The app-based cognitive behavioral therapy provided a convenient and accessible means of intervention, with 83% of participants completing at least some of the program.
A PET imaging study found that low aromatase enzyme activity in the brain's amygdala is associated with higher BMI and lower self-control. Estrogen production in the amygdala may regulate feeding behavior, influencing BMI.
Researchers found that these diets help with short-term weight loss, but may not be effective in preventing heart disease. Established nutritional guidelines are recommended for better cardiovascular health, according to the study.
The DAPA-CKD trial found that dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening kidney function, death from kidney disease, or hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study also showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality.
A team of astrophysicists observes newborn stars' magnetospheric accretion region for the first time, providing insight into star formation mechanisms. The study uses the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and GRAVITY instrument to measure angular size and prove magnetospheric accretion taking place close to stellar surfaces.
A study reveals genetic similarities between New Guinea highland wild dogs and captive NGSDs, suggesting a shared ancestry. The discovery could help bolster NGSD populations through conservation efforts.
A UTA researcher is developing an AI-based system to refine traditional measurements of bridge structural health by accounting for variables like truck types and traffic conditions. The goal is to provide more accurate load parameters and improve the overall integrity of bridges.
Rice University researchers are developing an open-source platform to turbo-charge the research process of inventing novel machine-learning based techniques for intelligent wireless network management and optimization. The 3DML platform will provide agile and flexible tools to manage and protect complex wireless networks.
Research shows that oxytocin reverses delayed gastric emptying caused by stress, increasing stomach muscle contractions. The hormone also inhibits adaptation to stress, delaying gastric emptying and decreasing stomach tone.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed a new microgel drug delivery method to improve pancreatic islet transplant success. The method uses an engineered biomaterial to deliver an immune-suppressing protein, reducing dosage and side effects.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new theory that may lead to systematic design of quantum algorithms, outperforming classical computers. The theory identifies large groups of quantum states with polynomial complexity, allowing for efficient coefficient sampling procedures to determine their suitability.
A study of 1177 UK adults found that eating more in the evening is associated with a higher total energy intake and lower diet quality. The research suggests that consuming a lower proportion of calories at night may lead to a lower daily energy intake.
Researchers found that men's hearts have coarser textures and a larger surface area, while women's hearts have finer grained textures. With age, differences in heart shape decreased for both sexes, but texture differences remained.
A research team led by the University of Oklahoma aims to identify general ecological rules governing microbiome dynamics using anaerobic digesters as model systems. The study will provide fundamental knowledge critical to predicting microbiome behaviors and enable science-informed policies for ecosystem management.
Infants exhibit increased brain activity and neural flexibility from birth, indicating early development of higher-level brain functions. This emerging flexibility is positively associated with reading ability, academic success, and creativity.
Individual winning streaks are more inspiring and awe-inspiring than team successes, according to a new study. People tend to attribute individual achievements to the person themselves, rather than situational factors, which can inspire feelings of admiration and desire for continued success.
Two randomized controlled studies demonstrate that SGLT2 inhibitors can slow CKD progression across all patient groups, not just those with diabetes. The DAPA-CKD trial found a significant reduction in kidney function decline and end-stage disease with dapagliflozin treatment.
A study of Serengeti National Park camera-trap data found that leopard population densities are similar to other protected areas but fluctuate between wet and dry seasons. The fluctuations appear to be driven by the abundance of prey and interactions with other large carnivores like lions.
The LoDoCo2 trial found that low-dose colchicine significantly reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events by almost one-third in patients with chronic coronary disease. The study also showed that colchicine was well-tolerated over the long-term, with no significant adverse effects.
A large cohort study found no association between maternal H1N1 vaccination during pregnancy and risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. Researchers also found that vaccine exposure in the first trimester did not increase ASD or autistic disorder (AD) risks.