Scientists at Durham University have discovered a new type of brain cell called Vector Trace cells, which can store maps of places we've been and track the distance between objects. This discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
New research from Northwestern University has found that including all three flavors of neutrinos in a study provides deeper knowledge of dying stars and unravels existing hypotheses. The study reveals that ignoring any flavor can lead to incomplete results, emphasizing the importance of complexity in models.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital researchers found that combining mandatory mask-wearing and social distancing policies can prevent 87% of infections among students and faculty. Routine testing is also effective in preventing infections but at a higher cost.
Researchers at HPSTAR have discovered a universal relationship between regulating off-centering distortion and maximizing photoluminescence in halide perovskites. By applying high pressure, they achieved optimal PL performance, ten-fold enhancement, and new paths to high-performance optoelectronic materials.
Researchers used genomics and epidemiology to study how African Salmonella evolved to cause bloodstream infections, killing ~50,000 annually. A new antibiotic-susceptible lineage emerged in Malawi in 2016, linked to changes in antibiotic usage between 2002-2015.
COVID-19 causes lung destruction through the SARS-CoV-2 virus, leading to hypoxemia and inflammation. Pneumolysis can result in irreversible fibrosis and death if not treated with oxygen therapy and anti-inflammatory medication.
Researchers found that deep, slow-slip behaviors beneath subduction zones, such as Cascadia, may control the timing and behavior of megathrust earthquakes. Slow-slip events, which occur at a deeper depth than damaging earthquakes, release energy in different directions, primarily down.
A new study from Oregon State University uses fecal samples from Eastern North Pacific gray whales to assess endocrine levels and establish hormone baselines for stress and reproduction. The findings provide valuable context for understanding how human activities impact whales.
A remarkably preserved 57,000-year-old wolf pup named Zhùr has been uncovered in the Yukon, offering a unique window into the lives of ancient wolves. The mummy's genome analysis revealed that she was descended from wolves from Russia and Siberia, and her diet consisted mainly of aquatic resources like salmon.
A recent study by the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found that employees in small businesses with strong health and safety climates reported better well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research team distributed a COVID-specific survey to 491 employees from 30 small businesses across Colorado, revealing a positi...
Dr. Tonya Vitova and Professor Laurent Schmalen are awarded ERC Consolidator Grants to study actinide bonds and develop energy-efficient communication technology. Their projects aim to improve the environmental behavior of actinides and reduce complexity and energy consumption in communication systems.
A global study found that a difference in blood pressure readings between arms is linked to increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and death. The research suggests that measuring both arms could save lives by identifying patients at significantly increased risk.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to researchers who discovered the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The discovery was made possible by the perseverance and determination of thousands of scientists worldwide. Their work has paved the way for future research into HCV and potential cures.
A new study from Cornell University examines public attitudes towards non-native birds and whether people are willing to manage them to protect native cavity-nesting birds. Researchers found that citizen-science project participants were more likely to have negative views of non-native species and undertake management practices.
Researchers developed a platform using an endless runner video game to identify ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents. The game assesses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms through the raccoon's jumping behavior.
A team of researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam have determined the development stages of Aβ fibrils, which form the basis of Alzheimer's disease plaques. The study provides new insights into the formation of oligomers, potentially harmful structures that contribute to the toxic effect of Aβ.
Researchers found that blocking the androgen receptor reduces coronavirus infection in mice and cellular models. Anti-androgen treatments are already FDA-approved, opening up potential COVID-19 treatment options.
Researchers recommend that GPs adopt a more open questioning style when discussing self-harm and suicide with patients, acknowledging the possibility of a positive response. This can help alleviate stigma and encourage patients to disclose their thoughts, ultimately leading to better mental health outcomes.
Advanced sequencing technique reveals 19 new RNA mycoviruses in fungus Aspergillus, including 9 undetected by conventional methods. The study also identifies novel RdRp gene structures, challenging existing understanding of RNA virus genetics.
Bhattacharyya plans to use advanced mathematical models to inch the country closer to net zero emissions. He realizes it's a tall order, as large-scale, efficient carbon capture has seemingly been entrenched in decades of testing and development.
A team of researchers recommends using psychological and cognitive sciences to develop interventions that empower users to control their digital environments. Cognitive tools such as "boosts" can enhance people's agency in online discourse and improve reasoning against manipulation.
A USF Health-Tampa General Hospital study found that obese women experience worse outcomes after postpartum hemorrhage, even with the same medical treatment. The researchers suggest that certain groups of high-risk obstetric patients, such as obese women, may need additional support or a different treatment protocol.
A UCSF clinical psychologist has taken aim at the NFL for using race norms to deny payouts to Black players diagnosed with dementia. She advocates for a more nuanced approach that accounts for social determinants of brain health, such as language and occupation, to provide fair compensation.
A study published in PNAS found that RESTV infects pigs and causes severe respiratory disease, shedding the virus from their upper respiratory tract. The researchers also identified RESTV sequences in pigs in China, highlighting the potential for widespread transmission.
Researchers found that reduced amounts of p120ctn contribute to resistance in cancers with high EGFR levels, leading to poorer treatment outcomes. Testing for p120ctn levels may help clinicians identify patients at risk for therapy resistance or relapse.
Researchers at USTC achieve experimental verification of distribution quantum phase estimation, surpassing classical limits in metrology. They demonstrate enhanced sensitivity in measuring multiple parameters simultaneously with high precision.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) hosted a virtual COVID-19 Vaccine Forum II to address barriers to optimal vaccine uptake. Panelists emphasized the need for comprehensive public health communications campaigns to refute misinformation and build trust among disproportionately affected minority communities.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, buprenorphine prescription filling increased in the US, indicating improved access to opioid use disorder treatment. Researchers found that retail pharmacy sales of buprenorphine products surged during this time.
Researchers developed a novel spectroelectrochemical cell to study electrolyte behavior, improve fuel cell performance, and analyze catalyst efficiency. The device can perform in situ infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption/diffraction analysis.
Research suggests that goals involving helping others are more satisfying and lead to increased happiness. Acts of benevolence increase positive mood and energy, while narrow self-focused concerns can lead to decreased happiness. Experts recommend focusing on contributing to the world for a happier life.
A new study from Children's National Hospital found that children and young adults are more impacted by COVID-19 than previously believed. Minority children had a higher likelihood of infection compared to non-Hispanic white children.
Researchers have designed an effective material for speeding up the extraction of hydrogen from alcohols, using earth-abundant metals instead of precious ones. The catalyst, made from tiny clusters of nickel metal, accelerates the reaction efficiently and cleanly.
Child care programs in Ohio have shown low COVID-19 infection rates due to clear guidelines, streamlined reporting, and high compliance among workers and families. The study recommends maintaining capacity, developing a supply chain for PPE, standardizing communication, and expanding workforce pipelines.
A Rutgers University study found that exposure to metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead can disrupt a woman's hormones during pregnancy. This disruption may contribute to children's later health risks and disease outcomes.
Researchers have discovered that brain stem cells in the hippocampus of mice can divide repeatedly over several months, leading to new insights into the formation of nerve cells. This finding has significant implications for future therapeutic approaches to conditions such as depression and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a technique to create quantum devices by 'sketching' patterns of electrons into programmable materials. This approach enables the creation of active nanostructured gates directly below two-dimensional materials like graphene, with feature sizes comparable to electron spacing.
A recent Dartmouth study reveals that pregnant women who experienced disruptions to their exercise routines due to the COVID-19 pandemic had significantly higher depression scores. The research found that exercise routine changes were more common among women living in metropolitan areas and those experiencing financial stress.
A recent international observational study found a low risk of COVID-19 infection among patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery. The study analyzed data from 1,137 patients in 26 countries and found a death rate within 30 days after surgery of 1.2%, comparable to the expected rate without a pandemic.
A recent NSF grant aims to address salt pollution in freshwaters, a growing environmental threat. The project seeks to develop new infrastructure designs and everyday choices that reduce salt use.
Researchers identified a pathway involving astrocytes that sheds light on why seizures occur in some MS patients. The study found altered expression of EAAT2 and AQP4 proteins, leading to increased seizure activity.
A new study by researchers at McGill University projects that the threshold for dangerous global warming will be crossed between 2027 and 2042. This is a narrower window than previous estimates, with expected warming being about 10 to 15 percent lower.
The University of Göttingen has been awarded a new Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) to analyze experimental data using mathematical modelling and analysis. The CRC will focus on extracting meaningful information from noisy data in various natural sciences fields.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute discovered that dendritic cells present proteins from dead cells to T-cells by bursting phagosomes, a process involving receptor DNGR-1. This mechanism is fundamental to the immune system and could lead to new ways to exploit natural defenses against infection and cancer.
Research led by Penn State scientists found that bumble bees in low-quality landscapes had higher levels of disease pathogens. The study's findings can inform management practices to support the conservation of wild bee populations and highlight the importance of maintaining high-quality habitats.
A new study published in Ecology has discovered that monitor lizards are ecosystem engineers, creating complex burrow systems used by various animal communities. These systems provide critical shelter and resources, but their destruction due to invasive species like the cane toad threatens ecosystem balance.
A new study by Columbia University Mailman School researchers simulates the potential future health and economic benefits from sustained air quality improvements. They estimate cumulative benefits of clean air during a five-year period would amount to thousands of avoided cases of illness and death, as well as associated economic benef...
The N-PATH project will train 40 young European nephrologists from 6 countries through a two-year educational path with hands-on training and online lessons. The course is funded by the European Commission and will provide innovative advanced training in interventional nephrology.
A team of scientists developed a semi-artificial electrode that converts light energy into other forms of energy in biosolar cells. The system uses the photosynthesis protein Photosystem I from cyanobacteria to couple with an enzyme that produces hydrogen.
A Brazilian researcher conducted an experimental study of electron-plasma interactions, simulating plasma conditions in a vacuum using short electromagnetic waves. The study found that electrons transfer energy to the wave and then receive energy from it, with non-linear effects occurring at high electric current values.
Frequent testing can slow transmission at a population level by empowering individuals with their transmission status. Entrance screening upon entry into locations can add another layer of protection and facilitate the economy's reopening.
A revised study verifies that nanoplastics affect the composition and diversity of our intestinal microbiome, causing damage to human health. Alterations in the gut microbiome lead to changes in immune, endocrine, and nervous systems.
A study by the University of Helsinki and colleagues found that salmon from the Tornio and Kalix Rivers in Finland and Sweden have distinct migration patterns and ages, but no clear genetic differences. The research highlights the need for cross-border cooperation to conserve the largest wild Baltic salmon stocks.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that remote monitoring using wearable step counters and conversational text messaging reduced hospital returns after joint surgery by 4x. The 'Hovering' program improved patient recovery and activity levels, with significant declines in hospital readmissions.
A new study published in the journal Nursing Forum found a distinct shift in the method of nurse suicides, with firearm use increasing among female nurses between 2014 and 2017. The study suggests that removing firearms from homes and providing increased social support may help prevent such deaths.
Researchers at TUM found that nocturnal respiratory rates can help predict the success of ICD treatment in heart patients, with a 31.3% survival advantage observed in those with lower breathing rates. The study demonstrates the predictive value of breathing frequency for therapeutic efficacy.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have accelerated a research engine that provides an unprecedented view inside the atomic-level workings of combustion engines in real time. The engine, built to run on a neutron beam line, allows investigation of structural changes in new alloys designed for high-temperature, advanced combus...
A collaborative effort involving genetically engineered cotton and mass releases of sterile pink bollworm moths has successfully eliminated the invasive pest from cotton-producing areas of the US and Mexico. This strategy saved U.S. cotton growers $192 million from 2014 to 2019.
A new model uses satellite data, machine learning, and human rights expertise to identify vessels at high risk of engaging in forced labor. Up to 26% of the global fishing fleet was found to be at high risk, with an estimated 100,000 individuals working on these vessels.
A research team led by Dr. Vicky Hamilton has identified a potentially new meteorite parent asteroid through analysis of the Almahata Sitta meteorite. The study suggests that the parent body was an asteroid roughly the size of Ceres, formed in the presence of water under intermediate temperatures and pressures.
Researchers at Shinshu University discovered that silkworms use thermal information to determine when to lay dormant eggs. The neuropeptide corazonin plays a key role in regulating this process, and its release is controlled by GABA neurotransmission.
The University of Arizona team led by Zheshen Zhang is creating a prototype of an entangled sensor array to improve navigation, health care, and communication technologies. The project aims to develop affordable, compact optomechanical sensors for vehicle navigation and other applications.
Researchers discovered that the cancer stem cells' ability to form tumors is regulated by a molecular switch called Mll1. Blocking this enzyme can specifically target cancer stem cells, offering hope for more effective treatments. Clinical trials are underway to evaluate the use of Mll1 inhibitors in head and neck tumors.
A recent study published in PNAS catalogues gene activity in skeletal muscle of mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) compared to healthy animals. The researchers found marked differences in gene expression, including increased activation of genes involved in cell death and degradation of muscle tissue.
A virtual telehealth platform allows patients to undergo comprehensive evaluation for kidney transplantation from the comfort of their own homes. This innovative approach has enabled the Medical University of South Carolina's transplant program to maintain access to life-saving surgeries despite pandemic restrictions, with over 282 pat...
Researchers find that inhibiting pro-IL-1α helps modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reducing damage to mitochondria and alleviating inflammation. This discovery offers potential therapeutic applications for treating various diseases, including atherosclerosis, arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease.
Triumphs in achieving first beam delivery for ARIEL's CANREB facility, enhancing TRIUMF's nuclear physics program and global leadership in isotope production. The milestone ushers in a new era of scientific advancements and real-world impact for Canadians and the world.
A research team led by Michael Fox has identified the type of interneuron that produces collagen 19, a protein essential for healthy synapse formation and inhibitory circuit development in the brain. This discovery provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying healthy brain development.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology created 3D maps of how enhancer sequences and genes interact in several types of immune cells. The new study opens the door to understanding individual risk for diseases from asthma to cancer.
Researchers developed a state-of-the-art model that revealed high complexity in rupture processes even in simple oceanic faults. The study used seismic data from around the world to build a model of the 2020 Caribbean earthquake, finding variations in rupture speed and direction.
Researchers found that while lockdowns lowered excess deaths for many Californians, they had little impact on Latino residents and those without a high school degree. These groups faced increased risk due to crowded living conditions and essential work, leading to higher excess death rates during the pandemic.
Researchers have developed a method to quickly screen crops by analyzing the light signal emitted during photosynthesis, known as Solar Induced Fluorescence (SIF). This signal provides critical insights into photosynthesis, which could lead to improving crop yields and feeding humanity.
A study found that daily physical activity of children and adolescents increased during the lockdown, with an average of 36 minutes more activity per day. However, this was largely replaced by screen time, highlighting the need for alternative physical activities.
A study estimated excess deaths in California between March and August due to the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting disparities by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and educational level. The results showed significant mortality increases among these groups, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and resources.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered a novel method to boost the effectiveness of mTOR inhibitors against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by targeting alternative signaling pathways. The study suggests using a combination therapy that combines an mTOR inhibitor with other drugs inhibiting CDK9, c-My...
Physicists at LMU Munich identified topological phases in a biological model system, showing a strong degree of polarization in evolutionary dynamics. The study applies solid-state physics concepts to understand the emergence of such effects in biology.
A recent study found that combining mandatory mask-wearing policies with extensive social distancing can prevent most COVID-19 cases on college campuses, with routine testing also showing high effectiveness. However, the cost of testing may be a barrier for some colleges and universities.
Researchers have discovered that scorpion venom molecule VmCT1 is effective against all three stages of the parasite that causes Chagas disease. Novel analogs with arginine substitutions displayed enhanced biological activity and better selectivity, offering new prospects for treatment.
A study by Henry Ford Health found that female professional basketball players in the WNBA did not return to their previous performance level for at least two years after ACL surgery. This contrasts with male athletes, who regained their elite performance in about one year.
Researchers at UTHealth have discovered a gene signaling pathway linked to schizophrenia using human-induced pluripotent stem cells. The PI3K/GSK3 pathway was found to be dysregulated in neurons from patients with schizophrenia, with SGK1 inhibitor being associated with the condition.
Cells have a quality control system that ensures the health and function of mitochondria. A new study reveals that cells also transfer mitochondria out in response to stress, leading to the development of Parkinson's disease in humans.
A recent study analyzes the abstracts of final-year projects written by students, revealing hybrid texts that combine academic and specialist discourse. The research highlights the importance of studying these textual products for teaching academic writing and promoting discourse competence.
A new study finds that the global food system must be transformed to prevent widespread biodiversity losses and habitat destruction. By analyzing the impact of agricultural expansion on nearly 20,000 species, researchers estimate that millions of square kilometers of natural habitats could be lost by 2050.
A new Stanford University study identifies 333 Tel Aviv University researchers among the world's top 2%, with 155 in the top 1% and 74 in the top 0.5%. The university is known for its academic excellence and interdisciplinary approach, making this ranking a cause for national pride.
Researchers found that loperamide triggers autophagic cell death in glioblastoma cells by inducing ER stress, opening new avenues for treatment strategies. The mechanism may also be applicable to other diseases where ER degradation is disrupted.
A systematic review of smartphone fitness apps and wearable activity trackers found they increase physical activity levels in healthy adults by an average of 1850 steps per day. The interventions that were most effective included text-messaging prompts, tailored features, and goal-setting tools.
A study by NTU Singapore found that young people in Singapore perceived COVID-19 as a threat to their parents and older relatives, but not themselves. They were more focused on combating misinformation than taking health precautions.
The DFG is establishing seven new Research Units to investigate topics such as gender-specific differences in immune responses and the development of more resistant dental prostheses. The units will receive a total of €25 million, with five teams funded for up to two four-year periods and two others for two three-year periods.
Researchers have developed a novel synthetic aperture microscopy method using digital micromirror devices, achieving high spatial resolution and fast imaging speeds. The technique enables the observation of subcellular dynamics and nanometric structures without harming living cells.
A team of researchers used Stampede2 and Bridges simulations to analyze the stability of the Ebola virus's nucleocapsid, a protein shell that protects its genetic material. The study found that RNA helps stabilize the nucleocapsid through electrostatic interactions with its nucleoproteins, providing potential targets for new therapeutics.
Researchers discovered that abatacept reduced severity of myocarditis in genetic mouse model and human patients. The study provides a potential new treatment option for patients with immune-related side effects from immunotherapies.
A new study by ARS and UofA scientists found that genetically engineered cotton and sterile pink bollworm moths synergistically suppressed the pest. This collaboration among farmers, scientists, and industry resulted in a 90% reduction of pink bollworm population and saved US cotton farmers $192 million from 2014 to 2019.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health has released a new report offering policy solutions to address the opioid epidemic during the COVID-19 pandemic. The report provides guidance on increasing data tracking, expanding access to substance use treatment, and supporting vulnerable populations.
A study found that supervised, self-administered swabs were as effective as professional-collected nasopharyngeal swabs in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections. The researchers identified cases where antigen tests missed infections were associated with low viral loads, but correctly identified high-load samples.
Researchers developed a novel multifaceted catalyst to access transient carbocation intermediates, achieving regiocontrolled elimination reactions. The new catalyst produces ring-shaped molecules highly sought after in synthetic, organic, and pharmaceutical chemistry.
Researchers have identified a new species of prehistoric crocodile, Paludirex vincenti, found in south eastern Queensland waterways millions of years ago. The species is estimated to be at least five metres long and was one of the top predators in Australia.
A new study found that consumers prefer to make a 'status pivot' by showcasing their successes in other areas, rather than trying to keep up with high-achieving peers. This strategy helps alleviate stress and boosts confidence, particularly when compared to within-domain status restoration.
A traditional disease spread model may not accurately predict COVID-19's continuing spread, especially during lockdowns. Researchers suggest a dynamic approach using the geometric mean to better forecast short-term numbers.
A potential preventative treatment for Crohn's disease has been demonstrated using a triple-punch treatment to remove T memory cells and increase T regulatory cells, preventing colitis in both mouse models and patient cells. This treatment approach may offer a new immunotherapy to prevent or ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers at Northwestern University found that volcanic eruptions directly triggered ocean acidification during the Early Cretaceous Period. The eruption of the Ontong Java Plateau large igneous province led to a minor but significant mass extinction, affecting the entire globe.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health found that cervical cancer risk is six times higher in HIV-infected women worldwide. Southern and Eastern Africa are particularly affected due to high rates of HIV and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections.
Scientists propose a new way to categorize minerals by incorporating historical data, highlighting the importance of understanding a sample's formation process. The IMA system is criticized for being time-independent, while the proposed approach uses 'historical natural kinds' to reflect changes in Earth's diversity.
Researchers have discovered nine types of tonal ultrasonic seal vocalizations reaching up to 50 kHz in Antarctica's McMurdo Sound. The study suggests that Weddell seals may use these sounds for communication or echolocation.
Researchers discovered that mutagens induce errors in gene transcription, vastly outnumbering DNA mutations. This discovery opens new avenues of research into age-related diseases and sheds light on the role of the 'transcriptome' in aging.
A survey by North Carolina State University researchers found that parents from diverse backgrounds prioritize park safety, green spaces, and amenities like playgrounds. The study aimed to pinpoint the most attractive park features for parents of different races and ethnicities in low-income communities.
Scientists discovered that metabolites from a wild potato relative inhibit the production of enzymes and communication in the pathogenic bacteria, leading to increased disease resistance. The findings offer insights into how to improve crop yields by studying wild relatives of food plants.
A study by University of Vermont researchers reveals that Colorado potato beetles develop resistance to pesticides through epigenetic changes, which can be passed on to descendants across at least two generations. These changes allow the beetles to rapidly adapt to new pesticides without requiring genetic mutations.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center have identified SATB1 as a potential new drug target for treating cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Decreased expression of this protein contributes to the development of CTCL, and drugs that restore its expression may be effective against the disease.
Researchers used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to identify a gene responsible for regulating coral's response to heat stress. The study found that corals can die of starvation without the nutrients provided by photosynthesis, highlighting the importance of conservation efforts for fragile reef ecosystems.
Research published in Thorax journal links advanced glycation end products (AGEs) from cooked meat to increased risk of childhood wheezing and respiratory symptoms. Higher AGE scores were associated with increased odds of wheezing, sleep disruptions, and medication use.
A study analyzing Fitbit data and self-reported symptoms found that COVID-19 symptoms lasted longer and peaked later than those with the flu. The researchers also identified characteristic symptoms of COVID-19, such as shortness of breath and coughing, which were not present in individuals with the flu.
New research suggests that weathering of rocks at Earth's surface may be weaker in removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere than previously estimated. The team found an additional source of sodium in river waters across the globe, not from weathered silicate rocks as assumed, but from very old clays being eroded in river catchments.
A team of researchers has discovered a new population of blue whales in the western Indian Ocean, identified by their unique song. The population is thought to spend most of its time in the northwestern Indian Ocean, challenging previous assumptions about whale migration patterns.
Researchers have found a specific Alzheimer's treatment effective in male mice but not female mice, highlighting the need for sex-specific design in clinical trials. The study suggests that drugs may work differently in males and females, leading to potentially ineffective treatments for women.
Researchers found that climate warming causes trees to advance their leaf unfolding and flowering times, but at different rates. This unequal timing may disrupt interactions with pollinators and impact ecosystem structure and function.
Researchers have developed a method to utilize crayfish shells as a biological template for high-performance supercapacitors. The resulting material exhibits ultrahigh specific surface area, large total pore volume, and reasonable oxygen content, leading to improved energy density and capacitance.
Researchers found that prosocial concerns drive higher vaccination rates in rural areas than urban ones. The study suggests emphasizing prosocial aspects of vaccination can reduce the rural-urban disparity in vaccination. Vaccination protects not only individuals but also communities, highlighting its social nature.
A new device developed by UC Berkeley engineers can recognize 21 individual hand gestures, including a thumbs-up, for controlling prosthetics or interacting with electronic devices. The system uses advanced AI and wearable biosensors to maintain user privacy and improve human-computer interaction.
A new system provides a practical method for measuring how breath travels when people talk or sing, which could inform the effectiveness of face masks and distancing requirements. The technique uses electronic speckle pattern interferometry to visualize temperature differences between exhaled breath and surrounding air.
A new study published in The Journal of Physiology found that hand-eye coordination is impaired by more than 20% at BAC levels as low as 0.015%, even below the legal limit for driving.
A KAUST team has created a way to produce warm and cool white light LEDs by combining devices of different materials, eliminating the need for phosphors. The new device uses material defects to enhance current injection, emitting light across the entire visible spectrum.
Researchers developed a new type of hollow core optical fiber, known as nodeless antiresonant fiber (NANF), to overcome performance limitations in resonator fiber optic gyroscopes. The new gyroscope achieves significant improvements in stability, enabling precise navigation systems for various applications.
Researchers at TU Wien have discovered that tiny traction forces on the molecular level are essential for the recognition of antigens by T-cells. This new understanding could lead to a deeper understanding of immune system function and potentially new treatment strategies.
A team of scientists from Rochester Institute of Technology and Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomiá completed a yearlong pulsar timing study using two upgraded radio telescopes in Argentina. The observations provided accurate bounds to gravitational waves, increasing the sensitivity of existing pulsar timing arrays.
Researchers have identified a rare genetic bone disorder by using precision medicine strategies, uncovering mutations in the LAMA5 gene that cause extreme bone fragility and skeletal deformity. The study also revealed a new signaling pathway governing skeleton formation, which could be used for common bone conditions.
Researchers use radio telescopes to search for dark matter near neutron stars, with the goal of detecting the elusive axion particle. The study imposes strong limits on axion particles with masses between 5-11 micro electron-volt, a crucial step towards confirming the theory.
Researchers identified successful coastal 'bright spots' for marine ecosystem restoration, which have delivered positive impacts for decades. These examples from around the world showcase effective techniques for restoring saltmarshes, coral reefs, and seagrass meadows, highlighting potential solutions to save struggling marine areas.
A Northwestern University study discovered that stellar flares could play an important role in a planet's atmospheric evolution and habitability. Flares may drive a new chemical equilibrium in a planet's atmosphere, potentially making it easier to detect signs of life.
The January issue of SLAS Discovery features the cover article 'Cryo-EM: The Resolution Revolution and Drug Discovery', which explores how Cryo-EM is influencing drug discovery projects. The journal also includes 13 articles on original research topics, such as high-throughput screening methods and protein-ligand interactions.
Scientists have created a global atlas of direct interactions between SARS-CoV-2 RNA and the human proteome, revealing 18 key host proteins involved in viral replication. The study also identified two crucial regulators, CNBP and LARP1, which can inhibit viral replication, offering new avenues for treatment.
A new study published in The American Journal of Pathology reports that neutralizing tumor necrosis factor (TNF) can prevent rejection and tissue injury after cell transplantation, improving graft survival and regenerative medicine outcomes. TNF is identified as a master switch for orchestrating cytokines and inflammatory signals.
A recent study published in Nutrients suggests that mothers who consume more cow's milk during breastfeeding have children with lower rates of food allergies. The researchers found a clear connection between the mother's intake of milk and dairy products and the smaller incidence of food allergy in their children.
A national survey of 4,000 adults found that fewer than 10% have ever discussed firearm safety with a clinician, highlighting the need for improvement in clinical settings. The study also found that when conversations occurred, the most common advice given was to lock all household firearms.
A post-mortem analysis of brain tissue from people with PTSD reveals distinct differences in gene expression patterns between those with and without the disorder. These changes affect two cell types - interneurons and microglia - which may contribute to impaired stress response, particularly in women.
Researchers found that bumble bees collect a wide range of pollen from different plant species to satisfy their protein needs, whereas honey bees focus on a limited number of target plants. This study highlights the importance of considering diverse foraging behavior in nature conservation efforts.
A study by York University researchers found that masks impair our ability to recognize faces and alter the way we process them. This decrease in performance can impact daily activities and personal interactions.
Researchers at Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology have successfully created a multilayer system where two different types of skyrmions coexist at room temperature. This breakthrough enables the potential use of skyrmions in ultrafast data processing, promising an extremely compact form of data storage.
Scientists have uncovered the mechanism of glutamate transport using X-ray crystallography and molecular simulations. The study revealed that sodium ions bind to glutamate, driving its uptake into cells via specialized transport proteins called EAATs.
A team of researchers has found evidence that people in the Levant were eating turmeric, bananas, and soy in the Bronze and Early Iron Ages, tracing back to South and East Asia. Long-distance trade in culinary goods connected distant societies since at least the Bronze Age.
A study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev researchers found that wearing masks reduces facial recognition accuracy by 15%, making it harder to identify people we know. The altered processing style, focusing on individual facial features instead of the entire face, can cause significant errors.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified a new genus and species of flower from the mid-Cretaceous period, found in 100 million-year-old Burmese amber. The tiny male flower has unique details, including spiral-shaped stamens and an egg-shaped floral cup.
Researchers at NUST MISIS create affordable heat sinks by mixing rubbers with silicon carbide, significantly reducing production costs. The new material can withstand temperatures up to 300°C and has potential applications in industry and electronics.
A Phase II clinical trial is being conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MultiStem cellular therapy for treating injured patients with severe hemorrhage. The study aims to mitigate complications resulting from traumatic injuries, including secondary infections and organ failure conditions.
The CovidSurg Collaborative, led by TTUHSC surgeon Brittany Bankhead-Kendall, has published a report addressing the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on surgery worldwide. The report highlights a significant backlog of surgeries and calls for the establishment of segregated surgical units to minimize patient risk.
A large study challenges the conventional practice of administering antibiotics before C-section incisions, finding them equally effective when given after clamping. This discovery may benefit newborns' developing microbiomes, potentially affecting immune system development and future health.
Researchers from IRB Barcelona and CNIO successfully reconstituted the human -tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) in vitro, a crucial component of microtubule formation. The 3D structure of γTuRC was revealed using cryo-electron microscopy.
Smallpox epidemics showed significant changes in frequency and seasonality over three centuries, with the introduction of vaccination and control measures leading to eradication. The analysis provides new insights into infectious disease ecology.
Researchers analyzed weekly smallpox mortality records from 1664 to 1930 to identify historical events influencing disease dynamics. They found that introduction of better control measures, especially vaccination, led to decreased mortality and eventual eradication.
The discovery of 66 new Roman Army sites has provided more insights into the Roman Empire's military presence in the Iberian Peninsula. The analysis of these camps reveals a larger Roman army presence than previously thought during the 200-year battle to conquer the region.
Researchers investigate the body's own pain control system using Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) and find that two different stimuli can reduce pain to a similar degree. The study used electrical stimulation of the skin as a new test stimulus, allowing for objective measurement of brain activity.