Former UNFCCC leaders call for effective implementation, ambitious targets, and concrete strategies to avoid dangerous climate change and meet the 1.5°C temperature increase threshold
A study of 31 older adults found that acceptable noise levels in restaurants vary, with even those considered 'age-friendly' being too loud. The researchers suggest that restaurants can create more comfortable environments for customers, leading to increased patronage and revenue.
Researchers developed 'Reactive Video', a system that adapts video playback to mirror the position of a viewer's body and matches speed to their movements. This technology helps novice viewers learn new skills more accurately and reduces physical strain, making it ideal for fitness videos and instructional content.
Artificial Chemist 2.0 enables rapid quantum dot synthesis and analysis using AI-driven robotic systems, identifying optimal materials and formulations in under an hour. The technology accelerates R&D and manufacturing, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Researchers found that self-collected saliva samples can reliably detect SARS-CoV-2 genetic material at a rate similar to nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. The study also showed that saliva samples remained stable for up to 24 hours, providing a cheaper and less invasive option for COVID-19 testing.
The UOC researchers have developed an innovative new tool to automate the creation of systems that employ asynchronous event-driven communication, streamlining the process and improving interoperability. The tool utilizes the recently published AsyncAPI specification, standardizing work with this type of architecture.
NIST researchers use atomic force microscopy with a nanocylinder tip to measure polymer curing rates and diffusion in 3D printing. The study reveals that controlling light exposure conditions is crucial to uniform part production.
A recent study by Matthew P. Steinberg and Lauren Sartain found that classroom observation scores for Black teachers in Chicago Public Schools are driven by school and classroom factors, such as student poverty and academic achievement, rather than teacher effectiveness. The study suggests that these scores may lead to disproportionate...
Researchers found that low oxygen levels increase methane concentrations by 15 to 800 times, leading to more global warming. The study suggests that preventing low oxygen concentrations could prevent large methane producers.
A recent study by North Carolina State University found a powerful correlation between user trust in Facebook and the intensity of their Facebook use. The researchers identified self-efficacy and information trustworthiness as key factors contributing to user trust, highlighting the importance of building trust in online platforms.
A study found COVID-19 in post-mortem corneal tissue, highlighting the importance of donor screening processes. The research team discovered that even healthy donors with negative nasopharyngeal swabs tested positive for COVID-19 RNA, posing a transmission risk to recipients.
A new study reveals that excess CO2's ability to enhance plant growth worldwide is decreasing due to limited water and nutrient availability. This decrease has significant climate implications, as forests' capacity to sequester carbon dioxide is being saturated.
A new AI tool, AI-COVID, uses routine blood work to assist clinical labs in ruling out COVID-19 infection. The software achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91 and high sensitivity of 95% while maintaining moderate specificity.
A new treatment approach called 'organ preservation' uses radiotherapy followed by local keyhole surgery to remove only the part of the rectum affected by cancer. Patients who received this treatment reported fewer side effects, such as diarrhoea and the need for a permanent colostomy bag, compared to those who underwent major surgery.
A review examines the bidirectional causal relationship between poverty and common mental illnesses, depression and anxiety. Interventions improving mental health or economic condition often positively affect those suffering from poverty or mental illness.
A recent study found that feeling appreciated by subordinates boosts the energy and optimism of supervisors, leading to higher levels of psychological well-being and positive behaviors at work. The research suggests that external validation can be particularly powerful for supervisors who lack internal validation.
Researchers found that double element co-doped CQDs can capture photogenerated electrons, reducing fluorescence and improving carrier separation. The kinetic constant of PNCQDs/TiO2 reached 3.4 times that of pure TiO2 under simulated sunlight.
A population-based study found that comorbid non-affective psychoses and affective/anxiety disorders increased the risk for self-harm in autistic adolescents and young adults. The risk was highest among females and those with intellectual disability, linked to natural causes rather than accidental death.
Researchers found that individuals changed their behavior in reaction to COVID-19 presence 12 days before government lockdowns, underestimating the true impact of social distancing. Sociodemographic variables, such as education level and minority populations, were significantly associated with delays in social distancing behavior.
Researchers found that police officers investigating child exploitation are vulnerable to moral injury, PTSD, anxiety, and depression due to exposure to traumatic images. The study suggests ways to enhance professional support to improve management of psychological distress.
Researchers find that platform protection insurance increases product orders and variety-seeking behavior among buyers, while boosting customer retention and acquisition for sellers. The study also reveals that PPI acts as a reputable quality signal to reduce transaction uncertainty and purchase risks on the sharing platform.
A new study published by the University of Portsmouth has found that robotic animals, such as the MiRo-E robot, can be just as effective as real therapy dogs in providing calming interactions for children.
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry suggests that a progesterone receptor modulator may be an effective treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The treatment showed significant improvement in mental symptoms, with half of women experiencing complete relief.
Researchers developed a method using ultrasound imaging to score lung health, indicating patient outcomes. The tool predicted worsening COVID-19 cases with high accuracy, allowing physicians to prepare better care.
Researchers from Aarhus University and Stanford University aim to create a sustainable technology for local-scale production of green ammonia. The project, called 'A new twist on ammonia production', seeks to improve the efficiency of electrochemical synthesis using 'designer' hydrogen-binding mediators.
Researchers at Temple University Health System develop improved models to predict 30-day readmission risk among patients with diabetes based on electronic health record data. The new tool, eDERRI TM, aims to accurately identify risk factors and improve care for vulnerable patients.
New studies from the University of Eastern Finland show that obstructive sleep apnea causes higher heart rate variability and changes in heart rate intervals, leading to reduced daytime alertness. The findings suggest a link between OSA and increased cardiovascular disease risk.
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine has published a special supplement commemorating six decades of leadership in the field, featuring influential manuscripts that shaped the future of medicine. The supplement highlights landmark papers on PET, Anger camera, and fusion PET/CT, as well as the journal's past editors and associate editors.
Researchers found that microplastics can be internallyized by living cells after being exposed to natural aquatic environments, where biomolecules form an 'eco-corona' on the surface of particles. This process allows plastics to be internalized into tissue.
Global COVID-19 lockdowns resulted in a significant decrease in fossil carbon dioxide emissions, with transport emissions accounting for the largest share of the decline. The estimated drop of 2.4 billion tonnes is a record low, with fossil CO2 emissions predicted to be approximately 34 GtCO2, 7% lower than in 2019.
Researchers from the University of Bristol and Phasecraft have developed new strategies to solve the Fermi-Hubbard model using optimised quantum circuits with limited device size. The study suggests that current supercomputers are unable to solve instances of the model, but near-term quantum devices can.
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of defining essential oral healthcare. A layered approach to essential oral healthcare allows for categorization and prioritization with available resources in mind, recognizing basic oral healthcare as an integral component of a healthcare system's essential services. The Internatio...
Researchers have discovered a physical mechanism that gold nanoparticles use to kill bacteria by deforming their cell walls. This mechanism could lead to the development of new bactericide materials as an alternative to antibiotics.
Researchers at UVA Health System identified a gene variant MIA3 that produces a protein promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation, leading to thicker, stable protective caps on blood vessel plaques. This discovery could help prevent heart attacks by stabilizing plaque lesions and reducing the risk of coronary artery disease.
Researchers have developed an efficient method to study phage-microbe interactions, which can reveal bacterial receptors exploited by phages and cellular mechanisms used to respond to infection. The approach has implications for understanding microbiomes, developing new medicines and addressing antibiotic-resistant infections.
The COVID-19 lockdown led to a significant decrease in fossil carbon dioxide emissions, with a record drop of 2.4 billion tonnes in 2020. Emissions from transport accounted for the largest share of the decline, with surface transport falling by approximately half.
A Cornell University-led team has created a roadmap for global agricultural and food systems innovation, reform, and sustainability to address food crises and climate change. The report outlines seven major recommendations to make the world's agri-food systems healthy, equitable, resilient, and sustainable.
A clear goal is needed to stop human-driven species extinctions, but current drafts risk failure. Scientists propose an ambitious, unambiguous goal with quantifiable elements to measure progress and prevent perverse outcomes.
Research suggests that changes in Antarctic Ocean surface waters stored more CO2 in the deep ocean during ice ages. Diatom fossils provided evidence of reduced wind-driven upwelling, linking it to climate cooling and atmospheric CO2 drawdown. This discovery brings scientists closer to understanding the origin of ice ages.
Researchers found that adding an immune checkpoint inhibitor to standard chemotherapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer does not decrease their ability to perform daily activities. The study, based on data from the IMpassion031 trial, showed increased response rates and no significant impact on quality of life.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that mutations in a gene underlying a rare skin disorder can also lead to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, a serious heart disease. The findings indicate that the genetic underpinnings of skin disorders at birth may help predict future heart problems.
A new CRISPR-based technique allows researchers to profile a cell's entire genome and identify the DNA sequences regulating specific genes. This enables simultaneous testing of thousands of experiments, paving the way for faster discovery of genetic networks and potential therapeutic targets.
Astronomers have measured the motion of a massive Jupiter-like planet in an unlikely orbit around a double star, sparking questions about its formation and evolution. The discovery offers evidence that such oddball orbits are possible and may hold clues to the mysterious Planet Nine in our solar system.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin have developed a perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell achieving a record 29.15% efficiency, surpassing previous records. The new value has been certified and is at the top of the entire Emerging PV category in the NREL chart.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland reveals that social media is a tool for SMEs to mitigate internationalisation-related threats. By leveraging social media, companies can become embedded in strategic networks and enhance their social media skills.
Research team finds that bacteria can use iron as a food source, releasing bound organic carbon into the water in thawing permafrost. This accelerates greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
A recent study analyzed risk factors and racial disparities among US patients with specific types of cancer who contracted COVID-19. The research found significant differences in outcomes between cancer types and racial groups.
A neuroimaging study aims to identify underlying cognitive and brain processes impacted by MS, focusing on working memory and hippocampal changes. The study seeks to develop effective treatments for restoring lost memory function in individuals with MS.
A new model suggests that biased evaluations can be useful for motivating employees, particularly those with high career concerns. The ideal evaluator should be stricter on capable employees but more lenient on less capable ones. This approach can be applied to various scenarios, such as organizing internships.
A trial found that listening to soothing words and music during surgery reduced postoperative pain levels by 25% and decreased opioid consumption by 16%. This non-invasive technique could offer a safe and inexpensive way to reduce pain and opioid use after surgery.
A new study by Tokyo Medical and Dental University researchers suggests that melatonin and its metabolite AMK promote long-term memories in mice and shield them from cognitive decline. In the study, young and aging mice were able to form and recall memories after receiving doses of melatonin and AMK.
Researchers analyzed ten cancer patients with refractory melanoma and found that fecal microbiota transplant improved patient outcomes in three out of ten cases. The treatment was safe and feasible, suggesting a potential role in overcoming resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
A recent study published in Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases found that bariatric surgery significantly reduced the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in teenagers with type 2 diabetes. The study compared two cohorts of adolescents with type 2 diabetes over a five-year period, with results showing that treatment with bari...
A genomic analysis of early SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in Boston found that a small number of importations led to most cases, while superspreading events played a significant role in the spread of the virus. The study tracked the downstream effects of these events and highlights the importance of prevention and mitigation strategies.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified two alternative pathways for amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease, revealing genetic explanations for method discrepancies. The study provides unique biological information for earlier and more individualized diagnosis and treatment.
The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture has launched a pilot academic exchange program with ColPos Cordoba, thanks to a $25,000 grant from the 100,000 Strong in the Americas Innovation Fund. The program aims to increase partnerships between US and Mexican higher education institutions, promoting cultural exchange and techn...
A preschool enrichment program, REDI, has been shown to boost social and emotional skills that still have positive effects years later. Children attending Head Start preschools with the REDI program were less likely to experience behavioral problems and emotional symptoms by seventh and ninth grade.
A study published in American Journal of Human Genetics found that more than 7% of human oocytes have exchangeless chromosome pairs, indicating a high level of meiotic recombination failure. The research suggests that these errors are common and not affected by maternal age.
A new national study by the University of Arkansas links increased social media use to developing depression in young adults. Young adults who used more than 300 minutes per day were 2.8 times as likely to become depressed within six months.
The electronic amoeba, an analog computer inspired by a single-celled organism, has been developed to find approximate solutions to the traveling salesman problem in linear time. The device uses resistance values to represent constraints and requests, allowing for efficient and dynamic optimization.