A new study found that individuals with longer durations of obesity are at a higher risk for cardiometabolic disease factors. The duration of obesity exposure between ages 10 and 40 years was associated with worse values for blood pressure, cholesterol, and glycated hemoglobin (blood sugar) measurements.
Researchers propose a new class of epidemiological models based on the use of fractional exponents to accurately predict disease spread and transmission. The study found that these models provide substantially different predictions compared to previous models, especially in early phases of an epidemic.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a breakthrough optical sensor that can mimic the human eye's ability to perceive changes in its visual field. The sensor uses ultrathin layers of perovskite semiconductors to detect light intensity changes, enabling it to prioritize signals from photoreceptors detecting movement.
Researchers adapt high-sensitivity optically pumped magnetometers to measure magnetic fields in extreme environments, including geological movements, solar flares, and neural activity. The study highlights techniques to enhance signal and reduce noise, shedding light on emerging hybrid sensors.
The Working committee particulate matter recommends concrete countermeasures for indoor areas to reduce COVID-19 transmission. These include window ventilation, exhaust ventilation, air purification systems, and increased N95/FFP2 mask use.
A team of researchers identified critical molecular processes in human cells that coronaviruses use to survive. Targeting these processes with drugs may treat not only COVID-19 infections but also other existing and future coronaviruses, including common cold viruses and more severe viruses.
A team of researchers identified a process that promotes the growth of pancreatic cancers and developed a method to disrupt it. By inhibiting adhesion molecule CDH11, they were able to reduce tumor growth, increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy, and extend mouse survival.
A new study has found that bullied lesbian, gay, and bisexual students are more likely to carry weapons. The research also reveals that bullying and harassment are strongly associated with weapon carrying among sexual minority youth.
Two Luxembourg Institute of Health researchers have been recognized with the prestigious 2019 Galien Prize in Pharmacology for their groundbreaking research on atypical chemokine receptors. Their work has significant implications for understanding various physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses and cancer.
Scientists have discovered a way to control the flow of liquids using magnetotactic bacteria, which can be used to transport cancer drugs directly to tumors. The bacteria produce an effect similar to that of a micropump, allowing for precise control over the movement of active substances.
A new study explores how human decision-making impacts engineered systems. Researchers found that people often overestimate their abilities and succumb to biases, leading to inefficiencies in system design.
Researchers have found that reductive stress promotes protein aggregation and impaired neurogenesis in neuroblastoma cells. This suggests a new role for reductive stress in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's.
New research uses microbubbles to deliver anticancer drugs directly to tumour sites, improving efficacy and reducing harm to healthy cells. The technology allows for targeted delivery of highly toxic drugs with precision, increasing potency and reducing side effects.
Penn State researchers computationally modeled the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 protein spike to ACE2, finding it highly optimized for human binding. The team also explored changes in the virus spike that could alter its affinity with human ACE2, potentially informing future research on vaccine durability and animal transmission.
Despite excellent auditory capacities, dogs fail to attend to differences between words with single speech sound variations. This may be why dogs' learned vocabulary remains low throughout life. Brain activity studies show dogs quickly differentiate known from nonsense words but not those differing in just one sound.
A meta-analysis of three randomized studies found that induction at 41 weeks reduces perinatal death and morbidity compared to expectant management until 42 weeks. For first-time mothers, this approach results in a lower risk of severe illness or death in babies.
Researchers found that labeling paid vaping influencer Instagram posts with #ad or #sponsored effectively grabs attention and captures viewers' attention. The study suggests that such labels may be an effective tool to discourage young people from picking up a harmful habit.
Researchers have developed a new definition of sustainability that recognizes the interdependence of living beings and their wellbeing, expanding the concept to non-human species and their needs. This new approach has wide-ranging applications in fields such as landscape planning and urban greenspace design, aiming to enhance human-wil...
A new technology uses light to manipulate various liquids, reducing the risk of infection and contamination in medical testing. The device has great potential in fields like DNA analysis, proteomics, and clinical diagnosis, with applications in COVID-19 research.
The SCOUT pipeline enables quantitative comparisons among unique organoids by extracting comparable features. Researchers use it to identify patterns in cell configurations, highlighting similarities and differences across organs
A recent study published by North Carolina State University researchers has identified a significant association between Bartonella infection and the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. The study also found that many patients with Bartonella infections exhibited skin lesions, wh...
A Stanford University study reveals that users' moods play a significant role in shaping their trust in smart technologies. The research found that participants trusted devices more when they were in a positive mood, regardless of the experiment's intent. However, user trust also differed by age group, gender, and education level, with...
Researchers developed a compact laser-based sensor that accurately senses extremely low concentrations of benzene in real time, outperforming existing devices. The device detects trace benzene levels, including in parking garages and service stations, with higher sensitivity than conventional sensors.
Researchers created a trajectory planner that enables drones to quickly switch between hover and forward flight, reducing transition time by half. The system uses aerodynamic models to optimize flight movements, allowing for more agile maneuvers in dense or urban areas.
Scientists aim to understand the recent collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to better gauge its potential risk in a warming climate. The Hercules Dome ice core will provide key evidence about past sea levels and ocean chemistry.
Researchers found that large doses of vitamin D supplements offered no benefits in preventing falls among people aged 70 and older. In contrast, lower doses were associated with a reduced risk of falls. The study's findings challenge the common assumption that higher doses are always better for vitamin D supplementation.
Researchers at University of Oldenburg develop complex molecular compound with high electron capacity, revealing new understanding of charge storage in metal centres. The model molecule functions as a 'mini segment of an energy storage material', paving the way for future design elements in molecular catalysts.
Researchers found that knee replacement surgery using a tourniquet increases the risk of serious complications by 73%, including blood clots, wound infections, and the need for further surgery. Patients who underwent surgery with a tourniquet reported an average 19% more pain after surgery compared to those without.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new system that can harvest energy from human breathing and motion to power wearable health-monitoring devices. The system uses stretchable micro-supercapacitors with an island-bridge design, allowing it to stretch up to 100% without losing its functionality.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a novel method for producing olefins, or alkenes, using vitamin B12 and blue light, eliminating harsh chemicals typically needed in the process. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and sustainable production of drugs, agrochemicals, and plastics.
Researchers discovered that melatonin may regulate gene expression and intensify tumor suppressor genes, leading to increased tumor cell death and reduced proliferation. The study identified target genes for melatonin, which could guide personalized therapies for breast cancer patients.
Dr. Eric Beckman, a renowned engineer at the University of Pittsburgh, has been recognized as an NAI Fellow for his groundbreaking research in molecular design, biomedical polymers, and sustainability. His work aims to create new knowledge that benefits human health and the environment.
A study by Anglia Ruskin University found that COVID-19 can cause various eye symptoms, with 16% of respondents reporting sore eyes as a symptom. The researchers argue that sore eyes should replace conjunctivitis as a possible COVID-19 symptom due to its differentiation from other types of infections.
Researchers at Osaka University have created thin films of neodymium nickel oxide with an electrical resistance that can change dramatically by controlling the distribution of hydrogen ions. This breakthrough could lead to novel switches and potentially entirely new kinds of computer circuits.
The American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) has launched initiatives to address diversity and inclusion, with a focus on overcoming microaggressions that contribute to low representation of women and underrepresented minority groups in academic leadership. Evidence-based strategies and practical solutions are being implement...
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology discovered that doping platinum thiolate nanometal clusters with silver increases photoluminescence by 18 times. The team found that the silver ion stabilizes the complex structure, maintaining a highly ordered tiara-like arrangement and enhancing phosphorescence.
Scientists from CNRS and Melnikov Permafrost Institute conduct cold room simulation to demonstrate permafrost's role in soil collapse. Heterogeneous frozen soils with vertical ice wedges undergo major deformation during thawing, accelerating subsidence and greenhouse gas release.
Researchers developed a new class of high-strength, defect-resistant superalloys that can be 3D-printed with minimal material waste. The nickel-based alloys overcome cracking issues in traditional AM processes, making them suitable for complex one-off components in extreme environments.
Physicists propose an experiment to test if gravity is a quantum phenomenon, involving entangled diamonds in freefall. A conducting copper plate shields the Casimir effect, reducing noise and making the experiment less demanding.
A large US study confirmed many COVID-19 complications, with pneumonia, respiratory failure, and sepsis being the most common. The study found that approximately 27% of patients developed serious conditions, while relatively low risks were associated with stroke and certain cardiovascular conditions.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that older adults in NYC are more likely to report fatigue and pain when encountering stressful social environments. The study used smartphone-based data collection to track participants' movements, activities, and emotions.
A group of US science leaders have issued a clarion call for evidence-based policy in response to ongoing challenges. The American Institute of Biological Sciences has long advocated for informed decision-making based on the best available evidence, highlighting past successes in addressing issues like acid rain and climate change.
Scientists developed vanadium-doped titanium dioxide spindles that sensitize cancerous tumors to ultrasound waves, killing tumor cells without harming healthy tissue. The spindles catalyze chemical processes in the tumor microenvironment, attacking cells with sound waves and chemotherapy.
Researchers investigated delaying radical prostatectomy surgery for up to six months in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. The results indicate that delaying surgery may be associated with worse outcomes, highlighting the need for personalized treatment decisions.
Researchers have clarified the regulatory mechanism of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in recognizing and repairing DNA damaged by ultraviolet light. The study reveals that proteasomes' protein degradation activity and architectural integrity are involved in regulating DDB2 protein-mediated DNA damage repair.
A team of researchers has found that visual short-term memory retains multiple types of information, including color, texture, and name, in a single phase. This challenges previous assumptions about the complexity of visual short-term memory and highlights the importance of complex brain activity analysis.
The UCR-led team is studying Earth's diverse chapters of history to find templates for examining exoplanets. By analyzing ancient rock samples and modern sediments, the team will design telescopes and refine models to detect biosignature gases in distant exoplanet atmospheres.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found elevated levels of a biomarker related to blood vessel damage in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study also showed that a high proportion of children met clinical criteria for thrombotic microangiopathy, a syndrome involving clotting in small blood vessels.
Researchers share critical information and solutions to address behavioral challenges posed by the pandemic, including new working models, digital service approaches, and learning strategies. The papers explore various aspects of human systems management, from employee engagement to occupational health and safety.
A new treatment combination combining radiofrequency ablation and chemotherapy drug sunitinib significantly reduces tumor growth and extends the life span of mice with liver cancer. The therapy triggers an immune response to target and destroy liver cancer cells.
A recent study from University of Illinois researchers found that racial microaggressions contribute to disparities in STEM education programs. Students of color who experience exclusion, invisibility, or isolation on campus are less likely to continue in STEM majors. The study aimed to encourage STEM-related academic programs to addre...
Researchers found that infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis causes skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction, leading to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The study also discovered a link between periodontal bacteria and altered gut microbiome, which contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome.
A paleobotanist is leading a team to Antarctica to collect and analyze fossilized flowering plants, providing insight into the early evolution of modern plants. The project aims to fill gaps in the fossil record and better understand the role of Antarctica in plant diversification.
An international research team led by Professor Jonathan Roberge has been awarded a $2.4 million grant to explore the sociological implications of artificial intelligence. The project, titled "Shaping 21st Century AI", will analyze debates around AI in four countries and examine how it is perceived as a problem or solution.
Researchers at NUS have developed a new way to treat sewage using a novel strain of bacteria called Thauera sp. strain SND5. This new method significantly reduces operational costs and greenhouse gas emission compared to traditional methods.
Researchers have developed a new one-step polymerization method to label and track nano-plastics, allowing for the investigation of their behavior in simulated lab environments. This breakthrough could help fill the knowledge gap on the effects and behavior of nano-plastics in the environment.
Scientists created brain organoids from patients with Rett syndrome to study the disease and identify potential treatments. The study found two drug candidates, Nefiracetam and PHA 543613, that restored calcium levels, neurotransmitter production, and electrical impulse activity in the organoids.
Researchers at PNNL investigate the role of soil moisture and atmospheric conditions in estimating fire risk. Surprisingly, just enough humidity can boost lightning ignition, leading to wildfires. The study reveals a rising wildfire trend, with 'compound case' fires striking more frequently than others.
Research found healthcare workers 7 times more likely to develop severe COVID-19 than non-essential workers, with social care and transport sectors at elevated risk
Researchers have discovered a protein that can expand typically scarce blood stem cells, potentially leading to new methods for growing a large quantity of these cells inside and outside the human body. The findings could benefit patients with inherited blood disorders and certain types of blood cancers.