NASA's Aqua satellite detected remnants of tropical storm Douglas, weakened by strong wind shear, as it crossed the International Date Line in the Pacific Ocean. The post-tropical low-pressure area is expected to dissipate shortly after crossing the dateline.
Researchers from Kyoto University have developed a new method to synthesize dicarboxylic acids and generate hydrogen as a byproduct. Using renewable diols and an iridium catalyst, the process achieves greater efficiency and yield, offering a safer alternative for industrial organic chemistry.
Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) had elevated levels of IL-10 and TNF-? cytokines, distinguishing them from severe COVID-19. Simple peripheral blood smears also helped distinguish the conditions.
The National Academies has published a guide to help public officials interpret COVID-19 data, considering factors such as data representation, biases, and uncertainties. The guide aims to provide decision-makers with a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of various data sources.
The 2020 Joint Statistical Meetings feature cutting-edge research on COVID-19 modeling, including nowcasting and forecasting. Researchers also presented advancements in precision medicine for stem cell transplants, improving patient outcomes by extending lives.
Bob May, Jefferson Lab ES&H Deputy Director, has been named a fellow of the Health Physics Society for his 40-year career in health physics. He is recognized for his significant contributions to radiation safety and administration within the field.
Researchers have developed 'drawn-on-skin' electronics, allowing multifunctional sensors and circuits to be drawn on the skin with an ink pen. This technology provides better data for personalized care by collecting precise, motion artifact-free health data.
Researchers at MIT and Sandia National Laboratories have developed a hybrid approach to fabricate large-scale quantum chips using diamond-based qubits and quantum photonics. The new method enables the creation of complex quantum devices with reliable circuits for transmitting and manipulating quantum information.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect algae and measure key properties in the ocean's depths using laser-based lidar. The technique allows for measurements up to three times deeper than satellites, shedding light on ocean biology and its role in climate.
A study found that COVID-19 patients are 2.4 times more likely to experience large vessel occlusion stroke compared to those without the disease. The risk was highest among men and those over 66 years old.
The COVID-19 pandemic's economic fallout has caused widespread income loss, particularly among the world's most poverty-stricken populations. Disruptions to agricultural supply chains have placed further strain on the global food system.
The California COVID Tracker will provide actionable viral genomic data to local public health jurisdictions, helping to inform policy decisions and reduce transmission. The program, launched in partnership with CZI and the CZ Biohub, aims to make SARS-CoV-2 tracing and analysis more efficient and accessible.
Research found that women with fewer social connections are more likely to be obese, while men with larger networks are less likely. The study suggests that healthcare providers should consider social activities as part of obesity treatment for non-partnered older women.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed a mathematical model to evaluate two hepatitis C virus strategies, finding that one strain prefers to multiply while another prefers to spread. The study provides new insights into viral behavior and could help develop effective therapeutic methods.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have obtained the first 3D structure of a base editor, a promising DNA manipulation tool that can precisely replace one nucleotide with another. This discovery could lead to more versatile and controllable base editors for use in patients, addressing 60% of known genetic diseases.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that severe hearing loss in childhood cancer survivors is associated with neurocognitive deficits independent of therapy type. The study evaluated 1,520 survivors and discovered that more than one-third had severe hearing loss, leading to increased risk of neurocognitive problems.
A new study by the University of Cambridge suggests that pupils' attainment is linked to their ideas about what it means to be male or female. Those who defy traditional gender stereotypes appear to do better in the classroom. The researchers found strong correlations between specific gender profiles and patterns of engagement, motivat...
Studies show that some allelopathic winter cover crops may impact row crop yields, with corn and wheat affected by cereal rye chemicals. However, clear cause-and-effect relationships are rare due to limited field studies.
Researchers aim to develop molecular support for detecting biofilms in chronic wounds, enabling early diagnosis and effective treatment. Biofilms can significantly delay healing by reducing antibiotic susceptibility and damaging tissue.
A study on plant life in China's Hengduan Mountains, Himalaya, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau reveals how climate change affects evolution. The research found that the diversity of plants today can be traced back to newly-formed mountain ranges 30 million years ago and intense monsoons that followed.
Researchers discovered that tumour T cells produce immunosuppressive steroids to evade the immune system, reducing tumour growth in mice. Preventing steroid production using a key gene or drug significantly slowed tumour formation and progression, suggesting new drug targets for cancer immunotherapy.
Researchers discovered new channels enabling lipid transport between the malaria parasite and red blood cells, raising possibility of nutrient-blocking treatments. The study found Niemann-Pick C1-related protein (PfNCR1) channels made of PfNCR1.
Researchers created a new mouse model to study viral responses and test COVID-19 vaccines. The model, based on an adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain, showed promise in protecting vaccinated mice from disease.
A PSU study of 400 households after the 2015 Nepal earthquakes found that recovery is a dynamic process with multiple dimensions. Households with less herding and farming-based livelihoods, more market connections, and easier access to rebuilding funds were more resilient.
A case series evaluates radiotherapy delivery to 209 cancer patients during the COVID-19 outbreak. Key findings include improved outcomes and reduced treatment delays.
A research group from the University of Bologna developed a new protocol that combines fear conditioning with neurostimulation to modify aversive memories. Participants who underwent TMS sessions showed reduced psycho-physiological responses to unpleasant stimuli, indicating successful alteration of fear memory persistence.
A new vaccine targeting HER2-positive breast cancers has been shown to work effectively in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, resulting in pronounced tumor reduction and long-term tumor-free survival. The study found that the vaccine primes the immune system, allowing the checkpoint inhibitor to rally T-cells to action.
Researchers successfully demonstrated that interlayer coupling in a van der Waals material can be largely modulated by a protonic gate. This discovery opens the way to exciting new uses of vdW materials with potential applications in high-temperature devices and 2D multiferroics.
A cheaper, rapid, and accurate pooling strategy for RT-PCR-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples has been proposed. The assay has a significant impact on large-scale population screening, reducing testing costs by approximately 5-10 fold.
Hospitalized patients with heart failure experience increasing comorbidity burden over time, particularly women with HFpEF. The study suggests a shift towards multi-morbidity heart failure, emphasizing the importance of managing multiple conditions in guiding patient care.
Researchers found a significant decrease in opioid prescribing rates and improved pain control following hip and knee replacement surgeries in the US between 2014 and 2017.
Researchers found that anglerfishes with permanent attachments lack key immune molecules, leading to a severely blunted immune response. Instead, they rely on improved innate immune facilities to defend themselves against infections.
Researchers from LSU Health New Orleans have identified microscopic evidence of inflammation in small cardiac vessels during autopsy of patient who initially recovered from COVID. The team notes the potential for increased clotting affecting pulmonary blood vessels beyond initial course of COVID-19.
A new study from UC San Diego researchers reveals that an investigational drug candidate called tipifarnib shows promise in treating head and neck cancer tumors with mutations in the HRAS gene. The findings support the idea that HRAS represents a druggable oncogene in HNSCC, providing a precision therapeutic option.
Researchers analyzed ancient marine ecosystems in Tierra del Fuego and found that the Argentinian hake had a broader isotopic niche and fed on coastal habitats during the Middle Holocene period. This study predicts potential changes in the fishing industry in the region if environmental conditions align with those of the past.
Research from the University of Colorado Boulder shows that climate change is driving an increase in Arctic freshwater over the past two decades. This freshwater will eventually move into the North Atlantic Ocean, potentially disrupting ocean currents and temperatures in northern Europe.
Researchers found that the gut microbiome plays a key role in triggering painful vessel-clogging episodes, or VOE, in people with sickle-cell disease. Stress triggers increased gut permeability, allowing beneficial bacteria to stimulate pro-inflammatory molecules, which promote inflammation and damage internal organs.
Researchers Xifeng Yan and Yu-Xiang Wang developed a deep learning tool to forecast COVID-19 trends by community. The model, called Transformer, uses attention mechanisms and U.S. Census data to provide hyper-local forecasts with high accuracy.
A researcher at Catholic University of America uses computer models to understand the structure of viruses, aiming to create effective antibodies against COVID-19. His findings suggest that mutated versions of existing antibodies could be produced to neutralize the virus.
Scientists have developed a copper-catalyzed radical relay strategy for the asymmetric trifluoromethylation of secondary alkyl radicals, yielding optically pure CF3-containing organic molecules with good yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
Researchers found that targeting purine metabolism can disrupt DNA repair and increase sensitivity to radiation, offering a new approach to overcome resistance. A clinical trial is planned to test the effectiveness of an FDA-approved drug in human patients.
Researchers used 3D brain organoids to model inflammation's effect on the blood-brain barrier, finding significant changes that contribute to its dysfunction. The study suggests these organoids can help understand disease mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies.
Electron spin waves can carry information, but their lifetime is limited. Researchers have found a way to extend this lifetime by adjusting crystal orientations, allowing the spin wave to persist for up to 30% longer.
Primary cilia, acting as cell TVs to detect signals, are present in fewer numbers in mice with Fragile X syndrome. Increasing their number might lead to reversing neurodevelopmental disorders like autism and intellectual disability.
A new rapid test detects neutralizing antibodies against Sars-Cov-2 in 18 hours, faster and more accessible than traditional methods. The test's accuracy is comparable to conventional tests, making it a reliable tool for determining immunity and vaccine effectiveness.
A new report from the Lancet Commission identifies 12 modifiable risk factors that can delay or prevent 40% of dementia cases. These include reducing excessive alcohol intake, limiting air pollution, and promoting physical activity throughout life.
Tropical Storm Isaias developed into a tropical storm on July 29 with a well-defined center, according to NASA-NOAA satellites. The storm is expected to produce heavy rain and life-threatening flash flooding in Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and the Bahamas.
A study led by Jennifer Todd at Anglia Ruskin University found that paying attention to internal bodily sensations can increase appreciation of one's body. The researchers measured gastric interoception and found a link between feelings of fullness and positive body image in adults from the UK and Malaysia.
The study found that social distancing policies implemented in the US and globally led to significant reductions in SARS-CoV-2 transmission, with an estimated 1.57 million cases prevented over a two-week period. The researchers also observed a strong correlation between decreased mobility and reduced virus transmission.
A new study finds that air pollution distribution has remained largely unchanged, with disadvantaged communities more likely to have higher levels of particulate pollution. The concentration of fine particulate air pollution has decreased by 70% since 1981 in the US, but socioeconomic disparities persist.
Deep-sea anglerfish have evolved a unique immune system that allows them to temporarily or permanently fuse with their mates without experiencing immune rejection. This altered immunity, which lacks adaptive immune functions, has helped facilitate the evolutionary success of these species.
Compounds tested for their potential as antibiotics have demonstrated promising activity against tuberculosis (TB), a deadly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The study found that the compounds exploit well-known targets for drugs, including the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase.
Scientists have discovered a simple and ingenious strategy used by the Zika virus to protect important parts of its genome from host cell defence mechanisms. The virus uses an automatic umbrella-like mechanism, where one end of the viral RNA strand is protected while the other is not, allowing it to replicate efficiently.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed faster LED-based optical wireless technology using deep ultraviolet light, overcoming solar interference issues in traditional Li-Fi systems. The new LEDs enable quicker communication speeds and are suitable for use in 5G wireless networks.
A new study suggests that coastal flooding events could impact up to 287 million people and assets worth US $14.2 trillion globally by 2100. The areas predicted to be most affected are north-west Europe, south-east and east Asia, and northern Australia.
A new study reveals that healthcare professionals in the US are at higher risk of experiencing mental health challenges, including depression and anxiety, due to COVID-19. The study found that on average, healthcare workers reported enough symptoms of depression to be clinically diagnosed.
A panel of experts recommends using remdesivir in patients with severe COVID-19 to potentially reduce recovery time. However, the evidence is uncertain due to limited trials and study limitations, making it a costly treatment option.
This observational study investigated age-related differences in nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 levels in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. The findings suggest varying levels of viral load across different age groups, which may impact treatment strategies and patient care.
A new physics-based model, κ-scheme, predicts imminent large solar flares more reliably than previous methods. The model forecasts solar flares up to 20 hours in advance and identifies their location and energy release.
The study reveals a deep canyon on the SARS-CoV-2 protein complex where viral RNA binding occurs, suitable for inhibitor development. Researchers identified fundamental characteristics of the Nsp16 and Nsp10 protein complex using X-ray crystallography.
The study found that nonsurgical specialty practices with more equal gender distributions of staff physicians have the smallest gender pay gaps. For practices with at least 90 percent male physicians, female physicians earn as much as $91,000 less per year than their male peers.
A single-shot COVID-19 vaccine developed at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center raised neutralizing antibodies and protected non-human primates against SARS-CoV-2. The vaccine uses adenovirus serotype 26 to deliver the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, stimulating immune responses.
Researchers at UVA School of Medicine discovered that brain defenders called microglia release a unique immune molecule to control the parasite in the brain, preventing symptomatic toxoplasmosis. This finding has implications for brain infections, neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune disorders.
A new study from Edith Cowan University found that allowing toddlers to explore their world while parents observe can reduce parental stress levels and improve mental health. Parents who participated in a 6-week Respectful Approach program reported lower stress and increased confidence in their children's capabilities.
A new risk score, MIRACLE2, predicts brain injury in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with high accuracy. The score is developed to help clinicians make critical decisions and improve treatment selection.
A recent study from Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago found that young children with mild to moderate COVID-19 have higher viral loads than older age groups, suggesting they can transmit the virus just as easily. This finding has significant public health implications for discussions on reopening schools and daycare.
Countries in US, Europe struggle with funding, workforce shortages, and technology limitations to address growing demand for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Despite these challenges, initiatives like telehealth models and memory clinics are being implemented to improve access to care.
A team led by University of Pittsburgh's Jingtong Hu is working on a project to train algorithms that can accurately diagnose pneumonia caused by COVID-19 using CT scans. The goal is to create a mobile scanning device that can quickly screen for signs of the disease in crowded places.
CMU's College of Engineering and ARL to lead additive manufacturing research guided by machine learning, addressing scaling up methods and improving equipment ease of use. The program aims to increase mission readiness and resiliency across military platforms and equipment.
The Hengduan Mountains have the most extensive alpine flora history, dating back to the early Oligocene. This was shaped by past geological and climatic events, including mountain building and climate change.
Researchers discovered multiple cell death systems preventing the spread of Salmonella, a major cause of typhoid fever. Cells use various mechanisms to die and protect against infection, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found that women receiving standard treatment for ovarian, uterine, and cervical cancers are not at increased risk of hospitalization or death from COVID-19. In fact, 75% of gynecologic cancer patients with COVID-19 had a mild form of the disease and recovered
A new study predicts a 50% rise in coastal flooding globally over the next 80 years due to climate change. This would expose an additional 77 million people to flooding risks, with up to $US14.2 trillion in infrastructure exposed.
Rutgers researchers found that a combination of behavioral and nicotine replacement therapies helps incarcerated men and transgender women quit smoking. The six-week program led to significant reductions in tobacco smoking or complete abstinence, suggesting its potential for larger-scale studies.
The Faraday Institution has selected six industry fellows to undertake electrochemical energy storage research projects, aiming to solve critical industrial problems. The programmes will enable academics and industrialists to work together, establishing valuable career development experience and potential for longer-term collaborations.
A study by Cooley et al. found that white Americans tend to compare their status to other white Americans, leading to negative emotions and poor physical health. In contrast, Black Americans more often compared their status to others within their own group, resulting in better mental well-being.
A study by University of Basel researchers found that people who laugh frequently may better cope with stressful events. The study also discovered no statistical correlation between laughter intensity and stress symptoms.
A recent study found alarming levels of human bacterial pathogens and microdebris materials, including plastics and milk supplement powders, in oysters from the eastern Andaman Sea. The research suggests that coastal urbanization increases contamination in seafood, posing significant health risks to humans and threatening global food s...
Researchers have discovered a way for chemical reactions to accelerate Brownian diffusion by sending long-range ripples into the surrounding solvent. This finding challenges the traditional view of molecular motion and chemical reaction being decoupled.
The team successfully knocked out a pigmentation gene in squid embryos, eliminating pigmentation in eye and skin cells. This milestone study opens avenues for research on cephalopods' unique features and potential applications in fields like medicine and artificial intelligence.
The EBRAINS human brain atlas is a comprehensive digital map of the cellular architecture, showcasing 250 structurally distinct areas based on analysis of 10 brains. This atlas enables researchers to better understand brain functions and mechanisms of diseases.
A team of researchers at Aarhus University discovered a novel class of carbohydrate receptors in bacteria, which play a crucial role in biofilm formation, cell-to-cell interactions, and pathogenesis.
Researchers have identified measurable Alzheimer's risk factors in adolescents and young adults, emphasizing the need for early interventions targeting heart health and education. Studies found that high blood pressure, diabetes, and poor educational quality are associated with worse late-life cognition, particularly in African Americans.
Researchers from FSU's FAMU-FSU College of Engineering developed a new study to analyze wind resource characteristics across nine locations in Florida. They used advanced tools to capture wind energy at higher elevations, where wind speeds are faster, making it potentially feasible for wind farms in the state.
A new study by the Yale School of Public Health found that approximately 30% of women and 17% of men in the US have experienced a major depressive episode. The study also showed that mental health programs can benefit a larger segment of the population than previously thought.
A new nanoreactor strategy has been proposed for synthesizing superior supported bimetallic catalysts, showing enhanced catalytic performance in formic acid dehydrogenation and recyclability. The synthesized PdAu BNPs exhibit uniform diameter and homogenous distribution, with a TOF value of 3684 h-1 at 333 K.
New research found that a company's past investments in advertising and R&D can help suppliers and partners make informed decisions about whether to bet on the bankrupt customer or partner. Advertising increases survival odds when suppliers have high influence, while R&D decreases them when suppliers have low influence.
Researchers used DNA sequencing, 3D imaging, and computation to examine the taxon cycle hypothesis for how evolution occurs on islands. They found that all 14 endemic ant species were descended from a single colonizer, contradicting the theory's prediction of repeated colonizations.
Lehigh University researchers study factors that promote resilience and protect against stress in vulnerable communities. By understanding the role of personal capital, they aim to develop insights for improving reproductive health outcomes and promoting health equity.
University of Michigan engineers have created centimeter-sized robots capable of more than ever before, leveraging origami principles to enhance their speed, agility, and control. The microbots can form complex shapes, complete tasks, and reconfigure into new shapes up to 80 times per second.
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting all four pillars of food security, including availability, access, utilization, and stability, according to a new article. Income declines are putting food access at risk, particularly for the extreme poor, who spend 70% of their income on food.
Researchers found that nearly 40,000 people who received Botox injections for various reasons reported significantly lower rates of depression compared to patients undergoing different treatments. The study suggests a complex mechanism underlying the antidepressant effects of Botox.
A new study published by GEOMAR scientists reveals that thousands of tons of methane are leaking from old drill holes on the North Sea floor every year. The research used combined investigations and seismic data to estimate that up to 3700 tonnes of methane could be emitted annually from this area alone.
A recent study found that coastal cities' street lights can permeate all areas of the water column, posing a significant threat to coastal species. Biologically important artificial light pollution reached 76% and 70% of the seafloor in green and blue wavelengths, respectively.
Scientists have identified stem cells in the optic nerve that help preserve vision and may lead to new therapeutic strategies for disorders causing blindness. The discovery presents a new theory on why glaucoma develops and provides potential ways to treat this leading cause of blindness in American adults.
Experts identify 12 modifiable risk factors that can be targeted throughout life to delay or prevent dementia. The report highlights the potential for preventive measures to reduce dementia risk, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers at TU Graz have developed a method for assembling nanomaterials as desired using helium-droplet synthesis. The resulting nanoparticles have improved catalytic properties and are suitable for sensor technologies, such as laser and magnetic sensors.
Scientists have made a major breakthrough in predicting North Atlantic pressure patterns, which drive European and eastern North American winter weather. The study suggests that decadal variations in atmospheric pressure are highly predictable, enabling advanced warnings of extreme weather events.
Researchers found that 59.3% of men and 56.2% of women over 75 received unnecessary colorectal cancer screenings, while 45.8% of women under 65 received unnecessary cervical cancer screenings. The study highlights the need for targeted screening recommendations to balance risks with benefits.
Researchers identified a group of cells regulating T lymphocyte development, preventing leukemia. Cell competition in the thymus is crucial for immune system development and cancer prevention.