Scientists developed a new model using NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory data, predicting seven of the Sun's biggest flares from the last solar cycle. The model identified key characteristics in active regions, including magnetic reconnection and unstable arches, to predict massive flares.
Researchers developed an injectable clotting agent called HAPPI that slows internal bleeding by 97 percent in mice. The agent can be stored at room temperature and reconstituted before injection, making it a potential game-changer for trauma care.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded contracts to seven biomedical diagnostic companies to develop new lab-based and point-of-care tests for COVID-19. These tests will significantly increase the number, type, and availability of tests, meeting national demand estimated to be millions more tests per day.
New research using ultra-high-field MRI reveals the cerebellum has a surface area equal to 80% of the cerebral cortex's surface area, challenging the long-held idea that it is smaller. This expansion is linked to human behavior and cognition evolution, enabling the processing of complex concepts like language and abstract reasoning.
Researchers find twisted bilayer graphene displays strong photoresponse and superconducting states when exposed to mid-infrared light. The material's unique properties make it a promising candidate for advanced devices.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that youth who are involved in the decision to start continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are more likely to continue using the technology consistently. Having a role in the decision increases satisfaction and consistent use of CGM.
George Mason University researchers will acquire a reconfigurable computing system, Gunston, to support diverse areas of scientific research and education. The system, based on OpenStack architecture, will provide traditional HPC and virtualized environments to meet the growing needs of researchers.
A new therapeutic approach for CLN3 Batten disease has been developed by a team led by Rosalind Franklin University researcher Michelle Hastings. The treatment uses antisense oligonucleotides to target the mutated gene causing the disease, showing promise in rodent models and human cells cultured from patients.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have challenged long-held assumptions about how human sperm swim. Their groundbreaking study reveals significant differences between sperm movement and previously thought mechanisms, shedding new light on the complex biology of sperm motility.
George Mason University's Daniel Tong will receive $83,748 from NOAA to develop an integrated model system predicting air quality and greenhouse gas emissions at a city scale. The three-year project aims to simulate the evolution of criteria air pollutants and greenhouse gases in a changing climate.
An innovative e-learning programme will educate and empower nurses to improve cancer care in non-specialist settings. The Cancer Nursing Careers programme, funded by a grant from Health Education England, is available free of charge to nurses across the UK.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified key factors influencing the success of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in treating C. difficile infection. They developed an algorithm to design personalized probiotic cocktails, which contain species effective inhibitors of C. difficile and can be administered to pat...
A new study found that frontline healthcare workers, particularly those from Black, Asian, and minority ethnic backgrounds, faced a nearly threefold increased risk of COVID-19 compared to the general community. The study also highlighted the disproportionate impact of inadequate PPE availability on these workers.
Breastfeeding is now considered safe after anaesthesia, according to new guidelines published by the Association of Anaesthetists in the journal Anaesthesia. The guidelines state that breast milk remains safe even if mother has had anaesthetic or painkiller drugs.
The discovery of KV3Sb5, a material hosting Dirac physics and metallic frustrated magnetism, has led to the observation of one of the largest anomalous Hall effects (AHEs) ever seen. This unique combination enables scientists to study the interaction between these exotic properties.
Climate models struggle with reducing uncertainty in global temperature predictions and predicting tipping points, which pose a major threat to modern societies. A new review outlines a more effective approach to perform better climate simulations and extract more information from models.
Researchers at Nagoya University found a highly unusual atomic configuration in a tungsten-based material, where three atoms share only two electrons to form a tritungsten molecule. This discovery suggests the potential for compounds with new and interesting electronic properties.
A study by the University of Southampton found that COVID-19 transmission rates are higher for passengers sitting near an infected person, with close contact increasing the risk. The research suggests a safe social distance of over 1 meter is required to prevent transmission after two hours of contact.
Researchers propose a new understanding of how animals decide when to create new mental maps in response to changing environments. By mathematically modeling the process as probabilistic reasoning, scientists can better interpret experiments that rely on measuring remapping for learning and memory research.
NASA analyzed data from its Aqua satellite, revealing high concentrations of water vapor and cold cloud top temperatures that indicate the storm's capability to produce heavy rainfall. The National Hurricane Center forecasts significant rainfall in the Dominican Republic, northern Haiti, and the Bahamas.
Scientists at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research developed nano-sponges of solid acid that convert carbon dioxide into fuel and plastic waste into chemicals. The material exhibits strong acidity and high surface area, making it a promising catalyst for sustainable processes.
The James Webb Space Telescope will conduct pioneering observations of Jupiter, its ring system, and two intriguing moons Ganymede and Io. The study aims to investigate the moon's interaction with particles in Jupiter's magnetic field and its potential liquid saltwater ocean beneath its thick surface ice.
Researchers at HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology have contributed to the ENCODE Project, a decade-long effort to understand the human genome. By analyzing millions of DNA switches, they identified novel associations between transcription factors, bringing researchers closer to understanding how the human genome functions.
Rogers M. Smith advocates for a new narrative of American identity that champions greater inclusiveness, respect, and egalitarianism. This approach can help build progressive coalitions and defeat narrower nationalist visions, such as Trump's America First agenda.
According to recent Gallup polls, socialism is more popular than capitalism among Democrats and young people. A new paper proposes reclaiming freedom as a value by confronting systemic unfreedom in the neoliberal economy. The authors believe that freedom can be realized through disciplined commitment and collective struggle.
Research by University of Arkansas sociologists found increased levels of depression, anxiety and suicidal tendencies during the early months of COVID-19's spread. Fear was identified as a key predictor of mental health outcomes, with higher concentrations of confirmed cases and death rates associated with increased individual fear.
The study defines SARS-CoV-2 testing performance standards for safe student return to US residential campuses. It sets criteria for test accuracy and interpretation to minimize COVID-19 transmission risk.
A Wayne State University team has made significant breakthroughs in understanding the causal relationships between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type-2 diabetes, and obesity. They discovered two subtypes of NAFLD: one caused by genetic factors and another driven by metabolic syndrome.
Peter Pachowicz leads a project to combine space, air, terrestrial and maritime data to tackle key challenges in Virginia. The initiative, funded by $10,000 from MITRE, aims to establish a foundation for future collaborations.
Researchers from GEOMAR found that short wind turns with strong cooling effect can explain the lower sea surface temperatures in tropical North Atlantic during summer months. Inertial waves, caused by brief variations in near-surface winds, trigger mixing between warm and cold waters.
Researchers at Skoltech developed a quantum enhanced machine learning approach that uses quantum states as data, overcoming the 'data-readin problem'. This allows for faster calculations and better performance than classical machines in certain applications.
A Purdue University startup has developed an augmented reality platform to help elementary students learn about science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) while collaborating remotely. The virtual STEM camp will provide hands-on challenges and projects for students aged 8-12.
A new report from PSE Healthy Energy synthesizes the public health dimensions of wildfire prevention and mitigation strategies. The study finds that distributed clean energy resources can support critical services during wildfires and provide climate and air quality benefits. The researchers emphasize the need for public health perspec...
Researchers found a sharp increase in Google searches for financial distress and disaster relief during the early months of the pandemic, while searches for related to suicide decreased. The study suggests that financial stress may predict a future increase in deaths from suicide.
Researchers found that small fish on hot Arabian Gulf reefs are less diverse and abundant than those on cooler reefs, despite similar coral cover. The thermal extremes may be an energetically challenging environment for these smallest marine vertebrates.
Researchers discovered evidence of massive volcanic eruptions in Central Texas that caused global cooling 13,000 years ago. The study indicates that the Younger Dryas cooling event was not caused by an extraterrestrial impact but rather a combination of Earth-based processes.
This retrospective chart review examined the use of static and expandable interbody spacers in minimally invasive LLIF. Patients who underwent MIS LLIF using titanium expandable spacers with adjustable lordosis showed significant positive clinical and radiographic outcomes.
A new study found that frontline healthcare workers with adequate PPE have a three-fold increased risk of positive SARS-CoV-2 test compared to the general population. Healthcare workers from BAME backgrounds were particularly at risk, with a fivefold increase in infection rate.
A study found that countries with mandatory BCG vaccination until 2000 exhibited slower infection and death rates during the initial COVID-19 outbreak. Researchers estimated that only 468 people would have died in the US if mandatory BCG vaccination had been implemented decades earlier.
Researchers studied 3100 house sparrows from eight islands in northern Norway to examine the effects of inbreeding. The study found that inbred birds had shorter lives and reproduced poorly, with less genetic variation across their genomes.
Cancer patients at low risk of severe COVID-19; treating cancer can impact overall survival. ESMO recommends continuing anti-cancer treatments to prioritize tumour control.
A new injection printing process developed by UMass Lowell researcher David Kazmer increases production rates and enhances part strength. The innovation combines 3D printing and injection molding, producing fully dense parts with few cracks or voids.
A team of researchers from the University of Córdoba has developed an algorithm that simulates the behavior of coral reefs to optimize space in industrial plants. The algorithm takes into account various factors such as distribution, material movement, noise reduction, and proximity, resulting in improved efficiency and cost savings.
A recent satellite survey tracked California's entire coast for over a decade, revealing local hotspots of subsidence in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Santa Cruz. The study found that these areas will face increased flooding risk as sea levels rise, with rates of subsidence reaching up to 8.7 mm/year.
Researchers at KAIST discovered that tweaking roundworm proteins can boost lifespan and activate AMPK, a key player in cellular energy monitoring. This mechanism may be applied to developing longevity-promoting drugs for humans.
Researchers found that moist heat treatment at 70°C for 60 minutes with 50% relative humidity does not damage the mask's structure or affect its function. This low-cost reprocessing strategy can be applied up to 10 times without compromising filtration, breathing resistance, fit, and comfort.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a novel approach to synthesize manganese dioxide nanoparticles with specific crystalline structures and porous structures. The study found that adjusting the acidity of the solution can produce large spherical pores in β-MnO2 nanoparticles, leading to better catalytic performance.
Scientists developed a new method to synthesize three-dimensional nanocarbons using palladium catalyst, enabling precise and practical creation of superior material properties. The octagonal structure is expected to lead to discovery and elucidation of novel properties and development of next-generation functional materials.
Drs. Sallie Permar and Stephen Patrick have been awarded the fifth annual Gale and Ira Drukier Prize in Children's Health Research for their groundbreaking research on neonatal viral infections and opioid epidemic's impact on pregnant women and infants. Their work has informed national policy and offers hope to untold expectant mothers.
Assistant Professor Nirmal Ghimire is working to synthesize and characterize topological materials. He received $48,910 in US Department of Energy funding for this research.
I-Wen Mike Chu and Robert Weigel collaborate on analyzing STET code simulations to model magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes. They will produce visualization tools and co-author a journal article on their findings.
Osteoid osteomas are benign but painful bone-forming tumors that often involve the spine, causing back and radicular pain. A new minimally invasive percutaneous treatment technique is proposed as an alternative to surgical excision, offering a lower risk of fusion with instrumentation.
ETRI successfully developed eco-friendly color CIGS thin-film solar cells with high conversion efficiency and low material costs. The innovative technology features a Zn-based buffer layer, eliminating toxic cadmium, and enables flexible substrate applications.
A UArizona-TGen led team identified robust biomarkers through proteomics and metabolomic analysis that could help guide treatment for tens of millions of patients who sustain traumatic brain injuries. The study found that RIC (Remote Ischemic Conditioning) can be an effective intervention in preventing severe long-term disabilities.
Researchers have discovered that a single molecular descriptor can predict the solution behavior of therapeutic antibodies with greater than 90% accuracy. This finding could enable faster and more efficient drug development for monoclonal antibody-based therapies.
Researchers found evidence suggesting a major volcanic eruption on the European continent drove the cooling event known as the Younger Dryas, which occurred around 13,000 years ago. The study used isotope analysis to rule out an extraterrestrial impact and provides new insights into the Earth's climate system.
A study published in Science Advances found that volcanic eruptions, rather than meteor impacts, were responsible for the rapid cooling of the Earth around 13,000 years ago. The research team analyzed sediment layers in Hall's Cave, a central Texas cave with a record extending over 20,000 years.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have been awarded an ERC grant to develop new medications targeting senescent cells, which contribute to fibrotic diseases. The goal is to create senolytics that selectively eliminate damaged cells, potentially preventing age-related diseases.
Researchers found that factors produced by bone marrow support cells helped leukemia cells survive treatment with quizartinib, a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, when quizartinib was combined with another TKI called dasatinib, the alternative survival pathways were shut down, leading to more effective leukemia cell death.
The SEMIRA trial found that continuous glucocorticoid regimens controlled disease activity better than discontinuation, but the latter was also effective in preventing long-term side effects. Treatment success rates were 77% for continued prednisone and 65% for tapering regimen.
A new grant will help Dr. John Franchak explore the impact of motor development on everyday learning experiences for infants. Using miniature sensors and audio recorders, his team will track infants' activities throughout a typical day to understand how their motor skills influence language and spatial abilities.
A global meta-analysis led by UNSW scientists found that biocrusts reduce water erosion by an average of 68% and increase water storage in upper layers, supporting the world's shrinking water supplies. Biocrusts are critical for fixing nitrogen and carbon, stabilizing surface soils, and providing a home for soil organisms.
Researchers at the University of Michigan discovered a new class of semiconducting materials stabilized by entropy. These materials, such as GeSnPbSSeTe high-entropy chalcogenide alloys, exhibit ambipolar doping, ultralow thermal conductivity, and a wide range of functional properties.
A Yale study found that teaching college students specific techniques for managing stress and anxiety improves their mental health and wellbeing. The most effective program led to improvements in six areas of wellbeing, including depression and social connectedness.
Emergent psychiatric conditions associated with SARS-CoV-2 are linked to targetable biological mechanisms. Studies suggest a potential therapeutic target for these conditions.
The study establishes relationships between game progress and entertainment experiences using Newtonian laws of motion, revealing the player's mental state. The game refinement theory explores fundamental mechanisms of game playing mechanics, mapping different cultures to human mind sophistication.
The American Thoracic Society's ATS 2020 Virtual conference takes place from August 5-10 with same-day registration available. Registered press will have access to the virtual press office and opportunities for live expert chats.
Astronomers used machine learning to discover a rare galaxy with an oxygen abundance of 1.6% solar levels, setting a new record. The galaxy is thought to be in its early stages of formation, contradicting standard cosmology predictions.
A study of almost 100,000 healthcare workers in the UK and US found they were 3.4 times more likely to test positive for COVID-19 than the general community. The risk was higher among those with inadequate PPE or who reused it, highlighting the need for better protection measures.
A new study using DNA metabarcoding reveals that responses to environmental stress can be detected below the species level, with higher intraspecific diversity found in resilient species. The research found significant differences in biodiversity between moderately stressed and heavily disturbed environments.
Research found that children and adolescents need 40% more sucrose in a solution to detect the taste of sugar, with higher taste-detection thresholds and preferred sweeter levels. These age-related differences may result from distinct developmental trajectories with different underlying mechanisms.