Using air conditioners increases electricity bills on average by 42%, particularly affecting poorer households. Climate change amplifies this impact, especially in Europe and North America.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have created a novel, silica-supported catalyst that enables efficient propane dehydrogenation without catalyst deactivation. The catalyst maintains high propylene selectivity and stability even at temperatures above 600°C.
The COVID-19 pandemic will lead to a shift towards more flexible and adaptable medical school curricula, incorporating online education and new topics such as telemedicine and health equity. Accrediting agencies must adapt to these changes to ensure students are prepared for future pandemics and complex medical scenarios.
A research team from Genethon has successfully inhibited the immune response induced by AAV antibodies, paving the way for repeated administration of gene therapy treatments. This breakthrough could enable treatment of rare genetic diseases and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers discovered that perchlorate blocks a key route for iodide to enter thyroid cells, leading to reduced hormone production and potential health issues. The study suggests an acceptable safe concentration of perchlorate in drinking water is 10 times less than previously believed.
A study analyzing Seattle EMS and hospital data found that the benefits of bystander CPR outweigh the risks of COVID-19 infection. The research suggests that bystander CPR is a lifesaving endeavor with minimal risk, even during the pandemic.
A new educational program, including a video made with Baltimore youth's ideas, increased bike helmet use among urban children by 80%. The program, tested in 2017, aims to improve helmet safety measures for low-income and minority families.
A new study found that an indoor residual spray made from volcanic glass is effective in controlling mosquitoes carrying malaria. The spray, called Imergard WP, shows mortality rates of over 80% against both wild and susceptible strains of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes.
A pilot study tested the effectiveness of drones in measuring Atlantic bluefin tuna, showing they can capture images of individual fish and schools with high accuracy. The use of drones may supplement traditional fishing methods and provide valuable data for fisheries management.
Scientists have successfully mapped the electrolyte-to-metal transition in alkali metal-liquid ammonia solutions, revealing the formation of a conduction band with sharp Fermi edges. This study provides a detailed molecular picture of metallic behavior and could lead to the preparation of metallic water.
The study found that LTCFs account for a significant proportion of COVID-19 deaths, with some states reporting over 70% of deaths occurring in these facilities. The authors attribute this to the asymptomatic spread of the virus and inadequate measures to prevent its entry into facilities.
Researchers estimated appropriate pediatric-specific dosing regimens for hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir to treat pediatric patients with COVID-19. The study suggests these treatments may be effective for children infected with the virus.
Acalabrutinib improved oxygenation levels and decreased molecular markers of inflammation in most patients with severe COVID-19. The treatment showed promise in reducing the severity of the disease, particularly among those on mechanical ventilation.
A case series examines the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who received intervention by a COVID-19 palliative care response team. The study found that these interventions led to improved patient outcomes, including reduced mortality rates.
The RNA-binding protein ProQ plays a crucial role in the activation of over 250 bacterial genes, enabling meningococci to repair DNA and resist oxidative stress. Understanding its function is key to developing new antibacterial agents.
Researchers discovered resistance to tumor inhibitors arises from gradual adaptation to selective pressures, providing opportunity for effective therapies. The study advances in evolution of resistance and offers evolutionary-informed therapies for future treatments.
The AFTERMATH database explores the aftermath of the Imjin War, which lasted six years and involved over 500,000 combatants, affecting East Asia's modern history and culture.
A new study shows that intranasal delivery of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) reduces inflammation in the brain, a prime factor in Alzheimer's disease. The treatment also triggers actions to guard against further degenerative effects.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells generate a high number of errors when copying their DNA under treatment, fuelling resistance. Combining targeted therapy with DNA repair mechanism-targeting drugs may lead to more effective therapeutic strategies.
The largest ever study of radiosurgery for brain metastases from small cell lung cancer has been published in JAMA Oncology. The analysis found that patients treated with first-line stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) had a median overall survival of 8.5 months, compared to 6.2 months for those treated with whole-brain radiation (WBRT). Ad...
Two Harvard Medical School studies provide new insights into normal and abnormal DNA recombination during sperm and egg cell formation. Researchers report variable rates of chromosome abnormalities and found evidence that a single biological process regulates the number, location, and spacing of crossovers where parents' DNA recombines.
King's College London researchers recommend adding loss of taste and smell to COVID-19 screening measures to detect almost 16% of missed cases. The analysis of 3.7 million users from the COVID Symptom Study app data found that loss of smell is a strong predictor of infection, occurring three times more frequently than fever or cough.
Researchers at Politecnico di Milano develop cutting-edge models for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection, accelerating the discovery of antiviral drugs and vaccines. Innovative tools like 3D supports, microfluidic chambers, and intravital microscopy promise to replace traditional animal research.
Professor Ute Hellmich is investigating the role of ion channels in parasites causing African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease. She aims to find similarities or differences between parasite and human ion channels, potentially leading to new pharmacological agents.
The study mapped the molecular characteristics of the aortic microenvironment where Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) form. Researchers identified conserved regulators, such as ADM and RAMP2, involved in HSC production in vivo.
A KAUST research team discovered that IQOS emits 62 compounds, 52 of which were not found in Philip Morris International tests, including diacetyl and potentially carcinogenic diethylhexyl phthalate.
A study published in Critical Care Medicine reveals that the actual mortality rate of adults with critical illness from COVID-19 is lower than previously reported, at 35.7%, compared to earlier reports of a 50 percent mortality rate. About 60 percent of patients survived to hospital discharge.
Researchers have captured a molecular mechanism behind the water splitting reaction of photosynthesis using nanoscale imaging and chemical analysis. The study could help inform the design of artificial photosynthetic systems producing clean and renewable energy from sunlight and water.
Researchers at IUPUI have found a significant correlation between fog levels and vegetation status using satellite data, revealing the threat of climate change to ecological systems. The study provides new insights into the impact of reduced fog on plant growth and suggests potential for environmental protection policies.
Researchers found that a specific histone modification, H4K16ac, is essential for embryonic development and drives gene activation in fruit fly offspring. The study suggests that mothers pass this information to their children through epigenetic modifications.
The Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics at UIC is continuing its research on the epigenetic mechanisms of alcohol abuse disorders. Researchers will use animal models and human postmortem brain tissue to examine how epigenetic changes mediate withdrawal symptoms and promote increased drinking.
Researchers at Rice University have developed an egg-based coating that protects fruits and vegetables from rotting, extending their shelf life comparable to standard coatings like wax. The coating, made from egg whites and nanoscale cellulose, is all-natural, washable, and non-toxic.
Researchers developed a symptom tracking method using famotidine for non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, showing potential for improved outcomes. The method allows for daily tracking of six common COVID-19 symptoms and has been validated in a clinical case series.
The researchers developed a technology called Artificial Chemist, which combines AI and robotics to conduct autonomous R&D and manufacturing of commercially desirable materials. It can identify the best material for any suite of measurable properties in 15 minutes or less.
Agricultural Research Service scientists and OSU collaborators have developed a new genetic way to trace the spread of Agrobacterium, a bacterial plant pathogen causing crown-gall disease in fruit trees and other plants. The method allows tracking disease outbreaks by analyzing plasmid transmission among bacteria.
A study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that temperament plays a significant role in shaping children's eating habits. Children with temperamental traits are more likely to develop unhappy relationships with food and exhibit picky eating, leading to greater weight issues.
Researchers at UT Arlington are using machine-learning algorithms and computational biology to refine lung cancer treatments. The project aims to customize patient treatment based on individualized prediction models that integrate pathological images and molecular profiling data.
According to the study, mangroves will not survive rising sea levels if global carbon emissions are not reduced. Mangroves can survive with rates of sea-level rise under 5mm per year but will stop growing at this pace if rates exceed 6mm/year.
Researchers identified chloro-perfluoro-polyether-carboxylate compounds (ClPFPECAs) in soils across New Jersey, suggesting the use of these compounds as PFAS substitutes. The discovery provides insight into the environmental impact and toxicity of next-generation PFAS substitutes.
A world-first therapeutic for treating sleep apnea and weak muscle conditions will be showcased at Bio Digital. Developed by RMIT University, the patented technology uses modified tetanus toxin molecules to effectively tone muscles, offering a promising alternative to cumbersome airway pressure machines.
Research involving 160 genetically distinct strains of fruit flies found that while dietary restriction extended lifespan, its effect on healthspan was less consistent. The study suggests that healthspan, rather than just lifespan, should be the primary focus for those seeking to improve aging outcomes.
Research from Aston University identifies five key burdens faced by older people and their family carers when managing medication, including ambiguity and exclusion. A new five-stage framework is proposed to help clinicians manage medication more effectively, prioritizing regular reviews involving patients and carers.
Researchers studied neurocognitive temporal training and its impact on Soldier performance, including improved marksmanship precision and reduced variability. The interactive metronome device was used to train Soldiers and measure their timing and rhythm abilities.
The Asian tiger mosquito has become more abundant in Illinois over the past three decades, spreading diseases like chikungunya and dengue fever. The mosquito's spread is linked to global trade, particularly with used tires, which provide a conducive environment for its eggs to develop.
A comprehensive study published in the Journal of Hepatology shows women and men have similar mortality rates from cirrhosis, contradicting previous research. The study analyzed data from 20,045 patients with cirrhosis, finding no difference in liver-related cause of death between genders.
Researchers identified four subtypes of prostate cancer with distinct characteristics, affecting treatment strategies and potentially improving patient outcomes. The study's findings suggest that one subtype requires intensified treatments while another is less aggressive, paving the way for more targeted therapies.
Researchers used sub-millimeter brain implants to determine which brain areas are responsible for facial and scene recognition. The study found that the medial parietal cortex plays a crucial role in identifying faces and places, working together with traditional memory regions to facilitate recognition.
NASA's Terra satellite captured visible images of Nisarga's remnant clouds over central India. The storm weakened from hurricane force to a depression and eventually into a low-pressure area, bringing light to moderate rainfall to the region.
A research group at Kumamoto University has discovered a novel gene, C19ORF57, involved in meiotic recombination during sperm production. The gene plays a crucial role in repairing DNA damage, which is essential for maintaining male fertility.
A new study analyzing ancient DNA from 93 early Caribbean islanders reveals at least three separate colonization events in the region. The findings provide genetic evidence of distinct population histories and interactions between the earliest settlers and newcomers from South America.
Surgeons at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a new technique that preserves the natural shape and color of nipples in men undergoing breast reduction surgery. The procedure involves cutting below the lower part of the breast and lifting it like a flap to remove unwanted tissue, reducing the risk of discoloration.
Scientists discover that nicotine, found in tobacco, promotes the spread of non-small-cell lung cancer cells into the brain. Researchers identify parthenolide as a potential treatment option to prevent brain metastasis.
New modern school spaces need active negotiations between all stakeholders, including teachers and students, to be transformed into learning environments. This process involves cyclic processes of interaction and meaning-making, which can lead to the development of authentic and functional learning environments.
Seismological studies revealed that weak rocks formed over 500 million years ago controlled the pathways of the 2016 magnitude 6.0 Petermann earthquake. The unusually long and smooth rupture was guided by these zones of weaker rocks, which can help forecast future earthquakes.
Researchers at the University of Bern have discovered how Clostridium perfringens causes fatal intestinal bleeding in piglets. The toxin attaches to CD31, a key molecule on endothelial cells, leading to cell death and damage to blood vessels.
A study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology finds that combined effects of therapy and inherited mutations in DNA-repair genes increase the risk of developing subsequent cancers. The research uses whole genome sequencing to analyze DNA from blood samples of 4,402 pediatric cancer survivors.
A Washington State University study found that words matter in vaccination messages, with normative and injunctive messages increasing interest and vaccine intention. Negatively worded messages can decrease interest, highlighting the importance of using effective promotional messaging to improve vaccine uptake.
The recommended updates to newborn screening guidelines aim to refine the algorithm and improve reporting for critical congenital heart disease. The new guidelines simplify the passing threshold, trigger clinical assessment faster when oxygen saturation is low, and increase education about tool strengths and limitations.
Research published in Neuron found that adult-born neurons are essential for synaptic structural remodeling and memory consolidation during rapid eye movement sleep in mice. The study used optogenetics to manipulate ABN activity during REM sleep and showed that reactivation of ABNs during sleep consolidates memory.
Researchers at MUSC discovered beta-arrestin2's role in regulating nitric oxide production and found that reduced levels lead to portal hypertension. Overexpression of beta-arrestin2 enhances NO production, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.