Scientists developed three-dimensional heart organoids resembling the developing heart using mouse embryonic stem cells and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4). The organoids exhibit functional properties similar to their in vivo counterparts, offering a promising biomimetic model for studying heart development and testing novel drugs. T...
Tropical Storm Vicky is weakening due to strong southwesterly wind shear, with maximum sustained winds near 50 mph and higher gusts. The storm is expected to become a tropical depression in around 24 hours before weakening further.
Researchers investigated quality of life among younger women after breast cancer surgery, finding differences in physical functioning and body image between mastectomy and breast conserving surgery. Anxiety and depressive symptoms also varied by surgical approach.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have discovered that the orbitofrontal cortex can reprogram neurons in sensory areas to enable flexible decision-making. This process involves a direct connection between the two regions, allowing for rapid adaptation to new situations.
New research reveals that marine animals generally inhabit the maximum range of breathable ocean zones determined by their physiology and oxygen needs. The study warns that climate change will restrict these ranges as warmer waters harbor less oxygen, potentially leading to habitat shifts or oxygen shortages.
The coconut rhinoceros beetle has shifted its host from coconut trees to Guam's endangered native cycad tree, Cycas microneica, due to the availability of large doses of starch in the cycad stems. This opportunistic host shift is threatening the local extinction of the region's only native gymnosperm.
Researchers discovered neutral Co13O8 clusters with cubic structure and large HOMO-LUMO gap, exhibiting remarkable thermal stability and aromaticity. These 'metalloxocubes' are expected to become suitable candidates for genetic materials.
A simpler analytical model developed by Rice University researchers can quickly evaluate the rate capability of batteries and identify optimal electrode materials. The model's accuracy is within 10% of more computationally intensive algorithms, making it a game-changer for battery optimization.
New research estimates that mercury concentrations in fish and water of the Yukon River could double by 2100 under a high emissions scenario. If greenhouse gas emissions are not constrained, mercury concentrations may exceed EPA criterion by 2050, with significant impacts for the environment and global climate.
The study sequenced the genome of 442 bone fragments from the Viking Age and found that Vikings had a lot more genes from Southern and Eastern Europe than anticipated. This suggests that the Vikings frequently interbred with people from other parts of the world, contradicting traditional images of them as Nordic blonds.
Researchers discovered a method to enhance the photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of 1D metal halide C4N2H14PbB4 by suppressing non-radiative loss under high pressure. The findings reveal that pressure-tuned STE binding energy and confined motion of organic cations contribute to the PL enhancement.
Researchers have identified the structure of double-strand DNA break repair by PARP enzymes, which can bridge broken DNA ends together. The study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying PARP activation and catalytic cycle, potentially aiding in understanding resistance to cancer drugs that inhibit PARP.
Researchers have developed an approach to create electrically driven nanolasers for integrated circuits, enabling coherent light source design at the nanoscale. This breakthrough could lead to ultrafast optical data transfer and potentially create a 1,000-core processor that is virtually 100 times faster than its counterpart.
Researchers at the University of Washington found that heavy rainfall, rather than large offshore earthquakes, triggers deep-seated landslides in the central Oregon Coast Range. Over a period of 1,000 years, they identified 2,676 landslides that occurred within the past millennium, with many triggered by heavy rainfall events.
Hyeon K. Park, a renowned plasma physicist, has made seminal contributions to fusion plasma diagnostics through his original works in ECEI and MIR. His research enhanced the synergies with numerical modeling and theories, leading to rich discoveries of novel plasma physics phenomena.
Female whale sharks grow more slowly than males but eventually surpass them to reach an average adult length of 14 metres. The study found that only one pregnant whale shark had produced 300 young, highlighting the benefits of large size for female whales.
Researchers developed a tailored education system called 'Your Path to Transplant' that increases patient knowledge and readiness to pursue kidney transplant. The program, tested on over 800 patients, showed significant improvements in transplant preparedness and living donor transplant rates.
A study of over 5,300 students from 24 countries found that women are more prone to depression in societies with low gender equality. The research suggests that cultural congruence and inclusion in social groups are key predictors of psychological wellbeing.
Researchers are establishing a global volunteer network to track the abundance of dragonflies and damselflies, crucial indicators of environmental changes in freshwater biodiversity. The network aims to fill gaps in knowledge by collecting standardized data over 10-15 years from citizen scientists worldwide.
A team of researchers at Binghamton University has created a porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material that improves the breathability and accuracy of wearable biosensors. The new material allows for sweat evaporation during exercise, maintaining high-resolution signals.
A new slow-release pill developed by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, aims to alleviate Parkinson's disease symptoms and improve patient compliance. The pill delivers L-dopa over a 24-hour period, reducing the need for multiple daily doses.
A new discovery in regenerative medicine may lead to new treatments for placenta complications during pregnancy. Researchers at Monash University and Duke-NUS have developed a method to create induced trophoblast stem cells (iTSCs) that can be used to make placenta cells.
A study analyzed 700 state and local health agency tweets about COVID-19, finding that tweets with practical information and video attachments were more likely to be retweeted. The researchers identified a set of common keywords and phrases used in the tweets over time.
A University of South Australia researcher explores how Italian culture influences women's relationships with food, finding that 'food is everything' and 'making a good impression' are central themes. The study highlights the need for culturally sensitive support to address disordered eating among migrant women.
Researchers at University of Guelph discover that e-cigarette vapour is more rewarding for adolescents, even with shorter exposures, compared to adults. The findings may help explain why e-cigarettes are popular among adolescents and contribute to their continued use.
NASA's Aqua satellite detected the strongest storms on Hurricane Teddy's western side, with coldest cloud top temperatures as low as -81 degrees Celsius. This suggests that the storm is experiencing westerly wind shear, a phenomenon that can lead to heavy rain.
Researchers found that a strong, coordinated T cell response is predictive of milder disease, while poor immune coordination leads to severe outcomes. Older adults' susceptibility to COVID-19 may be linked to declining naïve T cells and weaker adaptive immune responses.
Researchers developed polymeric carriers that can load multiple types of genetic material, improving efficiency and reducing toxicity compared to existing analogues. The technology has the potential to revolutionize gene therapy by delivering two RNA and DNA molecules through a single carrier.
Tropical Storm Noul is intensifying in the South China Sea, forecast to strengthen into a typhoon before landfall in central Vietnam. NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured visible images of the storm on September 16, showing building convection and clouds obscuring its low-level circulation center.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered that microbial community diversity increases when nutrients are seasonally available, contradicting a long-held assumption. The study found that certain species, known as the 'early bird,' can gain an early growth advantage by consuming easily accessible nutrients and outcompeting others.
The new center, led by Ezemenari Obasi, aims to accelerate cutting-edge research and implement findings in real time for community health. It will launch an app to help African Americans quit smoking and pursue careers in health equity science.
Scientists use European XFEL to observe anomalous dynamics in superheated water, revealing uneven heating and unexpected behavior. The study's results are crucial for planning experiments with heat-sensitive samples.
Foliar fertilization improves efficiency and corrects deficiencies in cotton yields. The 4Rs approach to nutrient management is essential for economic, environmental, and social factors.
A new study reveals that microfibers from synthetic clothing released during washing exceed the amount entering waterbodies, with approximately 176,500 metric tons released annually. The majority ends up on cropland, highlighting the need for emission prevention and reduced wastewater treatment.
A collaborative study has uncovered new markers uniquely present on melanoma tumours that can be recognised by the immune system. These markers, known as spliced peptides, can be used to develop therapeutic vaccines to combat melanoma.
African American men have lowest five-year survival rate for colorectal cancer due to low adherence to recommended early detection screening. Researchers recommend focusing interventions on recruiting men from this population and conducting studies in non-traditional health care settings.
KAUST scientists propose a roadmap for molecular ecologists, policymakers, and stakeholders to collaborate on DNA-based approaches for marine monitoring. DNA barcoding and metabarcoding can save time and money by identifying species from small DNA fragments.
A recent study by an international research team found that the 'open science' movement promotes greater equity, diversity, and inclusivity. Women publish more often in high-status authorship positions in open science, whereas participation decreases in the reproducibility literature.
A study found a significant association between carotid artery calcification observed in oral panoramic radiographs and chronic coronary artery disease. The researchers also discovered that patients with severe carotid artery calcification had a significantly higher risk of death from cardiovascular diseases.
Patients with a first-time depression diagnosis have an increased risk of worsening and requiring hospitalisation if they have previously been treated for a physical disease at a hospital. The risk is also influenced by age and the number of physical diseases, with more diseases under 65 increasing the risk.
A new Great Lakes model has been developed to improve the operational forecast system, providing more accurate predictions of water levels, temperatures, and currents. The model incorporates data assimilation techniques, which combine observational data and numerical model results to produce a more accurate estimate.
A team of researchers developed a mathematical model that can determine the impact of the immune system on tumour evolution. The model predicts when cancer cells will activate their cloaking mechanisms against the immune system and informs on whether immunotherapy is likely to be effective.
Researchers, led by University of Delaware biologist Shuo Wei, have won $1.8 million in NIH support for their study on birth defects caused by genetic mutations in neural crest stem cells. The study focuses on the DDX3X gene and its role in developmental disorders.
Hurricane Sally made landfall near Gulf Shores, Alabama as a Category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph. Heavy rainmakers were detected north of the eye, with cloud top temperatures reaching -80 degrees Fahrenheit.
A study found that people with Parkinson's are twice as likely to experience orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure that can lead to dizziness and falls. Monitoring blood pressure may help control these drops and prevent falls.
The new method enables precision fabrication of optical components and multimaterial structures, eliminating assembling processes. It allows the production of devices with high precision and low cost, and could aid in the miniaturization of optical devices used for medical treatments and diagnoses.
A new study warns that climate change could drive Komodo dragons to extinction due to habitat loss and sea-level rise. The research suggests that conservation strategies are not enough to protect the species in the face of global warming.
Astronomers have discovered a Jupiter-sized planet, WD 1856b, orbiting close to a white dwarf star, defying previous assumptions about planetary destruction. The planet's unique characteristics suggest it may have originated far from the star and survived its demise, raising hopes for future discoveries.
Researchers are testing a digital therapeutic device that uses music and sensors to help individuals recover from stroke-induced mobility loss. The study aims to improve walking speed and community ambulation in participants, offering new hope for those affected by stroke.
Researchers found that vitamin E acetate increases lung surfactant fluidity, causing the surfactant layer to collapse. This may contribute to symptoms like shortness of breath and lung inflammation in EVALI patients.
A new study by the University of Cambridge suggests that India's government used nudge theory to maintain a strict lockdown and influence public behavior during the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic. The campaign included policy nudges, social media campaigns, and appeals to powerful values such as patriotism and community.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a new method for producing polymer gel objects from pure monomer solutions using low-energy, visible light. This process has the potential to overcome current challenges in producing these materials and sheds light on the ways in which low energy photons can combine to produce high ener...
Scientists at Norwegian University of Science and Technology have found a way to control the conductivity of materials without affecting other properties. This breakthrough enables the creation of multifunctional devices using the same material.
Researchers have created photopolymer resins that speed up visible-light curing, enabling faster 3D printing of stiff and soft objects. The optimized mix allows build speeds of up to 1.8 inches per hour, opening up new applications for 3D printing.
University of Tennessee Extension specialists share perspectives on integrating cover crops into cotton systems, highlighting benefits and drawbacks. Earlier termination of the cover crop and moving residue away from rows can improve stand establishment, according to research.
A new mass extinction event was discovered 233 million years ago, which led to the dinosaur takeover of the world. The Carnian Pluvial Episode caused widespread biodiversity loss due to climate change and increased greenhouse gases, but ultimately paved the way for the evolution of modern ecosystems.
The Giant Magellan Telescope will utilize revolutionary optical technologies to transform humanity's view and understanding of the universe. The NSF grant enables the prototyping and testing of advanced optics, including adaptive secondary mirrors and phasing testbeds, to achieve diffraction-limited imaging.
Researchers from Michigan State University found that people who want to improve their empathy tend to shift towards more liberal ideologies, prioritizing care and fairness. This study is the first to explore shifts in personalities and morals due to volitional change.
A new database of parliamentarians' tweets from 26 European countries has been compiled, enabling more standardized analyses of politician Twitter use. The database includes tweet IDs from May 2017 to present and could address challenges in cross-border research.
Domestic horses probably did not originate in Anatolia, according to a new study of ancient horse remains. The researchers found that nonlocal genetic lineages appeared suddenly in about 2000 BCE, suggesting an origin in nearby Black Sea regions.