Researchers have created two unique collections of over 20,000 biological samples from laboratory rats to study the biological bases and consequences of cocaine and oxycodone addiction. The biobanks provide deeper insight into the paths and pathologies of these addictions.
Oncotarget, a journal honoring achievements and accomplishments of local businesses, has received the 2021 Best of Orchard Park Award for its exceptional marketing success. The award recognizes companies that enhance the positive image of small business through service to customers and the community.
Researchers have developed a new semiconductor material that can conduct electricity more efficiently than before, using inexpensive chemicals like dimethyl sulphoxide and hydrobromic acid. The material has the potential to improve solar cells, mobile phones, and wearable electronics, with costs 5000 times lower than existing materials.
A Dartmouth study reveals that gossip creates social connections and enables learning through indirect information sharing. The research finds that participants who engaged in private chats with their group members felt more connected and shared similar impressions of others.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict ice accretion on ships, helping improve safety in the Arctic climate. The model simulates the freezing of water droplets moving in cold air and their interaction with ship surfaces.
CRISPR/Cas technology has advanced diagnostics and gene therapy, enabling fast and accurate disease diagnosis and treating untreatable diseases like cancer and blood disorders. Recent advances in CRISPR-Cas technologies are highlighted, with a discussion of the strength and challenges for its future clinical usage.
A study published in The Lancet found that patients who incorporated vagus nerve simulation during physical or occupational therapy showed a significant improvement in arm and hand function, up to 2-3 times more than those with sham stimulation. This breakthrough could be one of the most impressive advances in decades for stroke patients.
Researchers developed a therapy to improve liver function during external perfusion, making previously unusable donor livers transplantable. The study found that being perfused outside the body triggers self-repair mechanisms in livers.
A team of geologists and archaeologists from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem confirms that ancient humans were making simple Oldowan stone tools inside the Wonderwerk Cave 1.8 million years ago. The discovery also dates the deliberate use of fire by prehistoric ancestors to 1 million years ago.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a nondestructive method to identify threading dislocations in GaN substrates, which could lead to improved quality and yields. The technique uses multiphoton excitation photoluminescence mapping to analyze crystal defects.
The UK Markey Cancer Center has launched a clinical trial to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of ArtemiLife coffee products in preventing ovarian cancer recurrence. Participants will drink coffee up to four times daily for five months after completing treatment, aiming to delay or eliminate cancer return.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that weight loss surgery is more effective than dieting in reducing brain pressure in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Bariatric surgery resulted in a significant reduction of brain pressure and weight loss, with the surgery group losing an average of 23Kg after 12 months.
A researcher from the University of Malaga challenges a 2020 study suggesting powered flight may have evolved independently in non-avian dinosaurs. New data analysis by Francisco Serrano and Luis M. Chiappe refutes this hypothesis, stating that current evidence does not support it.
Researchers found that Pueblo farmers persevered through droughts, but when social tensions were increasing, even modest droughts could end an era of development. The study suggests that societies with internal divisions are more susceptible to climate challenges, and warns of the relevance of this finding in today's world.
A nationwide survey of US faculty reveals that nearly 80% deal with student mental health issues, which have worsened during the pandemic. However, only 30% have received training from their institutions to handle these issues, highlighting a need for increased resources and support.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open explores the link between preeclampsia during pregnancy and increased risk of stroke in later life. The research suggests that women with a history of preeclampsia may be at higher risk for stroke, highlighting the importance of monitoring and managing this condition.
Planktonic foraminifera retained a stable temperature preference over 700,000 years of glacial-interglacial climate fluctuations. The species' inability to adapt suggests they may be vulnerable to extinction if habitats shift suddenly.
Researchers discovered that farnesyl pyrophosphate, an intermediate in normal cell metabolism, causes rapid and extensive cell death when present at high concentrations outside cells. Inhibition of TRPM2 channels or targeting its metabolic pathway may offer new avenues for reducing stroke damage.
Researchers at the University of California - Riverside have developed an energy-efficient way to convert corn stover into activated carbon for water treatment. The process produces activated carbon that absorbs up to 98% of vanillin from water, showcasing a promising approach to combating climate change by repurposing idle resources.
Dr. Megan Huisingh-Scheetz, a geriatrician and epidemiologist, received the fourth Arti Hurria Memorial Award for Emerging Investigators in Internal Medicine Who are Focused on the Care of Older Adults. Her research investigates ways to advance frailty assessment and care through technology. Dr. Huisingh-Scheetz developed a program usi...
A study by University of Illinois Chicago pediatric dentist Dr. Flavia Lamberghini tested asymptomatic pediatric dental patients and found a 2.3% SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate. The study suggests that PCR testing for COVID-19 in asymptomatic patients adds value to screening questionnaires.
A Weill Cornell Medicine team found rare variants of the virus in mothers' blood that can escape broadly neutralizing antibodies. These variants are associated with increased transmission risk to infants, suggesting vaccines or treatments need to be effective against them. Researchers propose high-dose combination therapy for pregnant ...
Researchers have developed a new pooling strategy that maximizes the proportion of negative results after a single round of testing, allowing for prompt notification of results. This approach reduces the need for reagents and increases efficiency in healthcare settings.
A new study published in Diagnostics demonstrates that artesunate, a drug synthesized from Artemisia annua, kills ovarian cancer cells. The researchers found anticancer activity at achievable concentrations, supporting the clinical development of this strategy.
The NCI-MATCH cancer clinical trial is expanding with the addition of a new treatment arm, Arm Z1M, which targets mismatch repair deficiency and LAG-3 protein expression. This brings the total number of available treatment arms to 12, addressing 12 unique molecular targets and corresponding drugs that have shown efficacy evidence.
A study by the University of Southern Denmark found that Football Fitness improves balance, strengthens muscles, and increases bone density in women treated for breast cancer. The 12-month training program reduced the risk of falls and broken bones, making everyday activities easier.
Tandem micro-LEDs featuring stacked red, green, and blue micro-LEDs enable full-color displays. This method alleviates the issues of reduced LED size performance.
A new study proposes a deep learning-based model for cross-lingual voice conversion with controllable speaker individuality, improving over previous models' drawbacks. The model applies language embedding and F0 modeling with control over the fundamental frequency contour.
A study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya researchers reveals Netflix's diverse strategy for original feature films, which includes premieres, film festivals and local production. The platform has increased its investment in in-house production and distribution to offer unique content and differentiate itself from rival platforms.
A survey by Parkinson's UK found that patients prioritize symptom improvement for balance, walking, and cognitive function. The study highlights the importance of person-centered management and care for improving quality of life.
A multi-institutional team of researchers has identified genetic abnormalities that drive pre-cancer cells into becoming invasive head and neck cancer. The study found that patients with specific genetic imbalances are less likely to respond to immunotherapy.
A new study found that exposure to organophosphate pesticides may increase susceptibility to COVID-19 infection by triggering an inflammatory response. The research suggests that people with metabolic diseases or cancer may be particularly at risk due to increased ACE2 receptor expression on the surface of airway cells.
Researchers evaluated SARS-CoV-2 variants and virus groupings in relation to disease severity. The study found notable associations between specific variants and more severe patient outcomes.
A new concept rapidly analysing for virus presence can detect viruses within 20 seconds, enabling clinicians to decide treatments and isolate patients. Additional tests are needed to identify specific virus types.
A recent study by the Lifebrain consortium found that brains shrink at the same rate in highly educated and less educated individuals. Despite slightly larger brain volumes in highly educated people, their brains age similarly throughout life. The researchers measured brain aging using MRI scans from over 2000 participants and tracked ...
Scientists studied the landform and dated sand to confirm that the Pont d'Arc was formed 124,000 years ago. The discovery reveals that past communities were familiar with the same landmarks as today.
Employees perceive prosocially motivated supervisors as fairer and are more likely to give them the benefit of the doubt, even when they make mistakes. Research from the University of Notre Dame found that supervisor motives impact fairness judgments and that focusing on prosocial motives can buffer the negative effects of low justice ...
A prospective study found serial antigen testing can be an effective strategy for controlling infection during a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in nursing homes. The test was less sensitive than RT-PCR but performed well in identifying early infections and replicative viruses.
New research suggests a link between vitamin D deficiency and higher rates of heart disease among African Americans. The study found that darker-skinned individuals may be at greater risk of vitamin D deficiency due to lower levels of nitric oxide availability, which can lead to blood vessel dysfunction and hypertension.
Recent studies at VCU Massey Cancer Center discovered a link between prolactin and breast cancer development. The hormone was found to act as a major contributor to breast cancer growth and could inform the creation of targeted drugs to treat multiple forms of the disease.
Researchers sequenced genomes from 21 specimens to investigate the genetic health of Sumatran rhinoceros. Low inbreeding levels and high genetic diversity were found in present-day populations, but potentially harmful mutations were detected, posing a risk to the species' survival.
A new MDAR Framework has been developed to harmonize outcome recording across major journals and establish basic minimum reporting requirements. The framework is designed to be flexible and adaptable to individual journal needs, aiming to reduce the burden on authors and editors.
Researchers at University of Utah Health found a strong association between preeclampsia and stroke risk in women who had the condition during pregnancy. Over an average follow-up period of 32 years, women with preeclampsia were 3.8 times more likely to have strokes compared to those without the condition.
New research reveals that dinosaurs kept a joint in their lower jaw steady like an alligator, not flexible like a snake, to chomp through bone. The study's findings suggest that bones along the inside of the jaw acted as a strain sink to counteract bending at the intramandibular joint.
A University of Maine study found that Down East wild blueberry fields are warming at a rate 1.2 degrees Celsius faster than the rest of the state over the past 40 years. This rapid warming is expected to increase evapotranspiration, threatening water supplies and crop health.
A large-scale study found that people treated with infliximab had significantly lower antibody concentrations after a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine. However, the vaccine-triggered antibody responses rose significantly in those who had previously been infected with COVID-19 or received a second dose. The researchers recommend prioriti...
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new technique to analyze the genomes of archaic humans, revealing key differences in gene expression that may lead to physical traits. The study found associations with the vocal tract and cerebellum, suggesting rapid evolution of these organs in modern humans.
The study found a 30% decrease in dust and soot on snow and ice, leading to the retention of 6.6 km3 of meltwater. The COVID-19 lockdowns delayed the onset of melt by absorbing less solar radiation.
A study of over 2,000 individuals found that higher education does not influence the pace of brain aging, contradicting previous assumptions. However, educational attainment is linked to improved cognitive outcomes and reduced risk of dementia.
A recent study found that ozone pollution in Germany has decreased primarily due to reduced nitrogen oxide emissions. Ozone formation is often linked to NOx emissions from traffic and industrial processes. Lower NOx levels are positively correlated with lower ozone concentrations, especially in regions like southwestern Germany.
A Brigham Young University study found that mobile night shift functions do not improve sleep quality, contrary to manufacturer claims. Researchers tested 167 emerging adults and found no significant differences in sleep outcomes between those using phones with Night Shift enabled or disabled.
A research team has successfully used neutrons to non-destructively detect internal stress in complex 3D-printed components. The innovation could lead to energy-saving gas turbines by optimizing production processes and reducing destructive stresses.
The study unravels the evolutionary and genetic origins of flatfish specialized body plan through comparative genomic analysis. Key findings include significant alteration in genes related to visual perception, immune response, and musculature development.
A new study by University of East Anglia researchers found that despite high levels of unmet healthcare need, the NHS upheld its principle of equal treatment for equal need, with no difference in access to hospital care between income groups. However, those on higher incomes had better access to GP consultations and medical helplines.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida have developed a new method to analyze tire skid marks and identify vehicles involved in crimes. By classifying the chemical profile of tires, forensic scientists can link vehicles to potential crime scenes, providing valuable evidence for investigations.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences have uncovered the atomic structure of SLAC1, a protein responsible for closing stomatal pores in plants. The discovery sheds light on how plants respond to environmental changes, such as high CO2 levels and drought.
A rare neurological condition called acute transverse myelitis (ATM) has been linked to COVID-19 cases in 43 patients across 21 countries. Symptoms include paralysis and sphincter/bowel dysfunction.
This survey study investigated changes in marijuana use in e-cigarettes among students from 2017 to 2020, highlighting significant racial and ethnic differences. The findings suggest that racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by marijuana use in e-cigarettes.
Researchers identified a new cell type called neuromast-associated ionocytes in zebrafish sensory organs that play a crucial role in regulating the fluid composition. These cells are responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation, and their dysfunction is linked to hearing loss and vestibular defects.
A new simulation led by University of Chicago geoscientist Edwin Kite finds that high-altitude water ice clouds could have created a greenhouse effect on early Mars, enabling the presence of flowing rivers and lakes. The study challenges previous assumptions about the Martian climate and offers insights into the planet's habitability.