The 101st AATS Annual Meeting focuses on Diversity without Exclusion in a Culture of Safety, with keynote speakers including Condoleezza Rice and William G. Kaelin, Jr. AATS members will discuss advances in cardiothoracic surgery and related specialties.
The study analyzed over 1,600 patients with STEMI during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that those with COVID-19 positive status had higher in-hospital mortality and were less likely to receive diagnostic angiograms. Additionally, patients of minority ethnicity and with diabetes had poorer outcomes.
Researchers Constantina Theofanopoulou and Erich Jarvis demonstrate that the human hormone oxytocin is the same gene across all major vertebrate lineages, finding synteny in the hormone's receptor. They advocate for a new standard nomenclature to make life easier for scientists studying oxytocin and other hormones.
A novel auditory perception model simulates human ear dynamics to capture time dynamics of dimensional emotions. Neural networks then extract features that reflect this time dynamics, showing better emotion recognition performance than traditional acoustic-based features.
Children born preterm remain at high risk of developmental difficulties affecting behavior and learning ability. Rates of neurodevelopmental disabilities increase as gestational age decreases, with 28% severe to moderate disabilities among those born 24-26 weeks.
A genetically encoded sensor, psychLight, can detect hallucinogenic compounds and rapidly alter brain connections, showing promise for treating mental illness. The sensor was used in high-throughput screening to identify a previously untested compound with antidepressant potential.
A comprehensive meta-analysis found that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation was associated with a significantly increased risk of atrial fibrillation, a heart rhythm disorder. The study included over 50,000 patients and suggested that fish oil supplements should be used cautiously in individuals at elevated cardiovascular risk.
Jessica Wilkerson, WVU associate professor, is recognized with a prestigious Andrew Carnegie Fellowship to research the overlooked stories of women's activism in the American South. Her project aims to integrate the stories of unsung heroes into the history of women's progressive activism since the 1960s.
Researchers developed nanobodies that target a protein making Ehrlichia chaffeensis bacteria infectious. In mice experiments, the treatment showed significantly lower levels of bacteria two weeks after infection.
A team at Kanazawa University found that vasopressin neurons play a critical role in regulating the timing of output from the molecular clock, which governs circadian behaviors. The study used mice with altered GABA signaling to demonstrate the importance of these neurons in maintaining behavioral rhythms.
A study reconstructs permafrost's history over the last 1.5 million years, revealing that it shifted to a more stable state around 400,000 years ago. This stability suggests that more carbon is locked in the ground, potentially leading to greater climate change releases when thawing occurs.
The study found that stress impairs immune cells' ability to move and fight diseases by inhibiting their movements. This effect is caused by the neurotransmitter noradrenaline, which activates the sympathetic nervous system, leading to reduced blood flow, oxygen deprivation, and calcium signaling in leukocytes.
The 2021 ESMO Breast Cancer Congress presented nearly 200 studies on various aspects of breast cancer, including adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and immunotherapy. The congress also highlighted the importance of personalized follow-up care for breast cancer patients.
Scientists at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory have developed a new computer model that accurately predicts the behavior of plasma in the sun's solar corona. This breakthrough could lead to better space weather predictions and improve the understanding of magnetic reconnection, which drives the fusion reactions that power the sun.
Research finds that age-related changes in RNA levels alter gene function in human egg cells, leading to impaired maturation and reduced fertility. The study suggests that age may influence an oocyte's ability to process critical genes, with potential implications for reproductive medicine.
Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute have developed a new method called nanorate sequencing (NanoSeq) that enables accurate study of genetic changes in human tissues. The study challenges the idea that cell division is the main mechanism driving genetic changes and opens up new avenues for research into cancer and ageing.
A new study dating the Purākaunui pits to 1430-1460 CE provides evidence for rua kumara storage in southern New Zealand, connecting local Māori traditions with archaeology. The discovery sheds light on how scientific evidence complements mātauranga Maori knowledge around taonga storage.
The research group has developed a new method to produce diploid genome assemblies in marmosets, revealing huge variations between the two paternal genomes. These findings provide standards for biodiversity genomics and have implications for understanding primate evolution, biology, and diseases.
Researchers found significant racial/ethnic disparities in the performance of statistical models predicting suicide risk after outpatient mental health visits. These disparities were most pronounced among Asian Americans and American Indians, suggesting a need for culturally tailored interventions.
The Pediatric Academic Societies 2021 Virtual Meeting will showcase the latest clinical and scientific advances in pediatrics. The conference features a full scientific program with over 60 specialties presenting, as well as opportunities for networking and collaboration.
A study by Tel-Aviv University found that 80-100% of participants could correctly identify each other based on a 3-song playlist, regardless of prior knowledge. This has significant implications for commercial companies' ability to infer user information.
Researchers have developed a new generation of CAR T cells that safely target and kill solid tumors in mice with mesothelioma, ovarian cancer, and glioblastoma. The 'prime-and-kill' molecular circuits enable specific recognition of tumor antigens on healthy tissues, reducing the risk of side effects.
Professor Ullsperger and his team aim to understand the neural mechanisms behind cognitive control and decision-making using new methods, including brain stimulation with focused ultrasound. The research may lead to new therapeutic possibilities for psychiatric disorders such as OCD.
Predatory bacteria grow faster and consume more resources than non-predators in the same soil, according to a study. These active predators play an outsized role in how elements are stored in or released from soil, with some species growing 36% faster and taking up carbon 211% faster.
The study confirms long-term DAPT as an optimal treatment option for ACS patients following PCI, reducing ischemic events without increasing bleeding. Extended DAPT was associated with a lower risk of major cardiovascular events without an increase in bleeding events in high-risk patients.
A new study finds that low-income blocks in 92% of US urban communities have less tree cover and are hotter than high-income blocks. The analysis revealed a disparity of 15.2% in tree cover between low- and high-income blocks, with low-income blocks being 1.5°C hotter.
The Vertebrate Genome Project has reported first discoveries in reading the entire genome of every bird, mammal, lizard, fish, and other creatures with backbones. The project achieved near complete, high-quality genomes for 25 species, including the greater horseshoe bat, Canada lynx, platypus, and kākāpō parrot.
Researchers have identified a SARS-CoV-2 variant that sacrifices tight binding to human cells in favor of evading the immune system, which could undermine current COVID-19 vaccines and therapies. The variant, B.1.351, has been found to reduce its binding to ACE2 receptors but decrease its binding to human antibodies.
Researchers at Washington State University found that tiny plastic particles can move through the environment, evading natural obstacles like sand and organic matter. This study could help develop more efficient filters to remove microplastics from drinking water.
Researchers found that people with high blood pressure are more likely to drink less coffee or choose decaf, highlighting the role of genetics in regulating coffee consumption for cardio health. Genetic tolerance to caffeine is linked to coffee drinking habits, suggesting a protective mechanism.
In 2020, China experienced a warm and wet climate, with floods and droughts being the most prevalent types of disasters. The mean air temperature was 0.7°C above normal, and annual rainfall was 10.3% above average.
New research from the University of Virginia School of Medicine has identified a sequence of events during seizures that can progress to death. The researchers found that breathing disruption, or apnea, occurs during seizures and that artificially stimulating breathing can prevent sudden death after a seizure.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles report two cases of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised children, highlighting the need for revised infection control policies. The study notes that months-long infections may increase the incidence of viral mutations, which could have significant public health implications.
Researchers at UCI found that soil microbes can evolve in response to climate change, changing genetic diversity in 18 months. This rapid evolution has implications for how soil ecosystems respond to future climate conditions.
Researchers developed an innovative method using acoustic lighthouses to reduce bird strikes with tall human-made structures. By broadcasting specific sounds, these 'acoustic lighthouses' minimize the risk of collisions without visually disturbing birds.
Researchers found that Arctic permafrost thawing events occurred more frequently in the past than predicted, with minimal impact on atmospheric CO2 levels. The study suggests that gradual thawing events may have been absorbed by oceans or plants, contradicting typical global warming predictions.
A new study from Penn State defines what it means to be a picky shopper, exploring the psychological dimensions of this trait. Researchers found that picky shoppers have a small window of acceptance and are more likely to reject free gifts or products based on their idiosyncratic preferences
A recent study published in JAMA Surgery explores the association between gender-affirming surgeries and mental health outcomes. The research suggests that undergoing these procedures can lead to significant improvements in symptoms of depression and anxiety, with participants experiencing reduced stress and improved overall well-being.
A new study found that while man-made noise dominates in some Australian waters, the vast majority of regions remain unpolluted by ship noise. The research highlights the need to protect Australia's pristine oceans and set out proactive measures to manage marine environments.
The Brownfields Assistance Center at West Virginia University has helped communities resurrect once lifeless properties since 2006. The Center's expertise and guidance have enabled neighborhoods in the Mid-Atlantic region to transform brownfields into community assets, generating economic opportunity and jobs.
Research shows that nearly half of fecal samples from wild chimpanzees contain antibiotic-resistant bacteria, highlighting the need for improved hygiene and proper antibiotic use. The study's findings will support the development of interventions to protect both human health and endangered species.
Researchers developed an acellular product, PEP, derived from platelets that heals ischemic wounds by delivering healing messages to cells. The study demonstrates restoration of skin integrity and function in preclinical animal models.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism by which pancreatic cancer cells de-differentiate into a progenitor state, leading to the development of highly aggressive tumors. This process is associated with poorer outcomes in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine found that people of color, those with a higher income, and younger individuals are more likely to participate in cancer clinical trials. The analysis of 20,053 respondents showed an average overall clinical trial participation rate of 6.51%, with significant differences in...
Researchers at HKUST create a novel optical tweezers-coupled Raman spectroscopy platform to analyze proteins in low concentrations, particularly IDPs. The study successfully characterizes the structural features of alpha-synuclein, an IDP linked to Parkinson's disease, at physiological concentration.
Researchers found that business schools prioritize low-effort metrics, harming the quality of research. To improve, schools should develop better metrics and high commitment environments where faculty contribute to the health of the business school.
A team of researchers from Virginia Tech and City of Hope aim to improve CAR-T cell therapy for glioblastoma multiforme by studying the impact of fluid flow on the treatment's success. They believe they can use fluid flow to encourage T cells to move deeper into tumors and kill invading cancer cells.
A University of Arizona researcher found that veterinarians and breeders often hold biases against each other, which can lead to suboptimal animal care. Her study proposes solutions to bridge the divide between pet owners, breeders, and vets, including using nonverbal cues, empathy, and unconditional positive regard in communication.
A team of UMass Lowell students won the Rist Campuswide DifferenceMaker award for their invention of TrueFIT, a product that detects and seals leaks in ill-fitting face masks. The team aims to protect people in their everyday lives as well as workers in various industries.
Researchers found that common over-the-counter antibiotic treatments can slow healing and prevent regeneration of hair follicles after wounding. The study suggests that normal levels of bacteria actually improve healing, challenging the long-held theory that antibiotics promote healthy skin regeneration.
A researcher at Tokyo University of Science discovered a menthol-like compound that enhances plant defense against pests. The compound, valine menthyl ester (ment-Val), can be used as an alternative to chemical pesticides and has shown promise in reducing pest damage to various crops.
A new NIH-funded study in mice suggests that enhancing the brain's lymphatic system may lead to better clinical outcomes for Alzheimer's disease patients. The study found that treatments such as immunotherapies BAN2401 or aducanumab might be more effective when the brain's lymphatic system can better drain amyloid-beta protein.
Research shows that physically active individuals who reach 100 PAI points per week have a lower risk of excessive weight gain. The study, which tracked over 85,000 healthy Norwegians for 20 years, found that maintaining at least 100 PAI points per week can help prevent unhealthy weight gain.
A new algorithm developed by researchers at Columbia University can automatically scan electronic medical records for signs of chronic kidney disease, alerting physicians to patients in the earliest stages. The algorithm performs nearly as well as experienced nephrologists, correctly diagnosing kidney disease in 95% of identified cases.
A recent study found that children on the autism diagnostic border exhibit dynamic presentations of clinical features, leading to increased susceptibility of gaining or losing their diagnosis over time. The researchers used machine learning to empirically characterize the classification boundary between ASD and non-ASD participants.
Geographers at Heidelberg University created a full inventory of seasonal aufeis fields in the Upper Indus Basin, discovering over 3,700 fields across 300 square kilometers. These natural reservoirs play an essential role in hydrology and climatology, particularly in irrigation and hydropower generation.
In Denmark, researchers found that farmed honey bees and endangered wild bees compete for limited forage resources. The study provides insights to guide conservation efforts by identifying key forage plant species.
A comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan has been developed to reduce the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. The study, CARNATION, provides recommendations for healthcare providers covering 20 items of care and significantly lowers severe adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Researchers found that dermal fillers can produce local lifting effects in areas like the forehead and temple, with combined injection techniques offering larger benefits. The study's findings broaden the applicability of facial injectables to achieve local and regional lifting effects.
Oregon State University researchers argue that socially just population policies can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote human rights. Effective policies, such as improving education for girls and young women, can significantly decline fertility rates in developing countries.
A new study found that counties with more green spaces have lower racial disparities in coronavirus infection rates, possibly due to equal access to health benefits. Green spaces are associated with improved cognitive performance, reduced stress and increased social cohesion.
A new study proposes a universal nomenclature for oxytocin and vasotocin genes, which were previously named differently in various species due to small protein coding differences. The researchers found that both hormones stem from a common ancestral gene and propose a new naming convention based on this evolutionary history.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have developed a new microscopy technique that allows for the measurement of atomic acidity on surfaces. This breakthrough enables analysis of catalysts on an atomic scale, which is crucial for improving chemical reactions.
Researchers have identified a new species of frog with unique fluorescent properties, found in Brazil. The newly discovered species is highly poisonous, posing a threat to its ecosystem.
The study found that sea surface temperature fluctuations in tropical Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans contribute to heavy rainfall events in China. Additionally, the Siberian High pressure system played a significant role in inducing cold surges during the winter of 2020/21.
Researchers discovered that targeting androgen receptors can destroy bladder cancer cells. The study found a common protein variant in malignant bladder tumor cells, which could lead to new therapeutic strategies.
A new study shows that a potassium ferrate hemostatic patch reduces the time to hemostasis after cardiac catherization, making it safer and faster to remove compression bands. This finding has the potential to change practice and enable same-day discharge protocols for patients.
The Politecnico di Torino team creates hydrogels with complex architectures and self-healing properties using 3D printing activated by light. This breakthrough enables the production of highly complex devices with unique features, paving the way for innovative applications in regenerative medicine and soft-robotics.
A new Penn State study found that parents of adolescents who experience puberty early may be more lenient when it comes to letting them consume alcohol. Adolescents who go through puberty early are at a greater risk for problem behaviors, including being two to three times as likely to drink alcohol.
Analysis of data from a lightning mapper and radiation detector revealed neutrons generated from soil by large cosmic-ray showers, matching simulations that included both hadrons and gamma rays. This discovery suggests natural phenomena producing ground-pointed gamma-rays could produce similar neutron burst signatures.
Experts debate whether wearing masks outdoors can help reduce covid-19 transmission and encourage mask-wearing indoors. Some argue that normalising outdoor mask-wearing can bring benefits, while others believe efforts should focus on reducing indoor transmission.
Researchers discovered a cancer-causing gene mutation that accelerates cerebral cavernous malformation growth, leading to seizures or stroke. Repurposing an anticancer drug showed promise in improving brain-vascular health and preventing bleeding into the brain tissue.
A study published in Neurology found that people living in neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic status experience worse stroke recovery, including more disability and depression. The study suggests that factors such as access to public spaces and perceived safety may contribute to these outcomes.
Researchers tested two suicide prediction models on nearly 14 million health records and found they performed poorly on Black, American Indian, and Alaska Native patients. The study highlights the need to test how prediction models perform in all racial and ethnic groups before implementing them in clinical care.
Dr. Lindsay Hampson, a UCSF researcher, has received the AGS' Jeffrey H. Silverstein Memorial Award for her work on improving patient-centered decision-making for older adults with urologic conditions. Her study found that multimorbidity, frailty, and mortality risk are common among older men with stress urinary incontinence.
Researchers identify subnanoscale chemical short-range order (CSRO) in face-centered cubic VCoNi alloy using complete suite of tools and methods. CSRO is linked to mechanical properties and plasticity mechanisms.
A new simulation study led by UCL researchers suggests that studying black hole-neutron star collisions could provide a new measurement of the Universe's expansion rate, helping to resolve a long-standing dispute. The study found that instruments on Earth could detect ripples in space-time caused by up to 3,000 such collisions by 2030.
Researchers analyzed Lake Victoria cichlid genomes to identify genes contributing to adaptive radiation and species-specific adaptations. The study found evidence of selective sweep events and preexisting genetic variation underlying these processes.
UC Riverside researchers used a nanoscale synthetic antiferromagnet to control magnon interaction, enabling nonlinear spin dynamics. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more energy-efficient computers, as well as advancements in magnetic memory and neuromorphic networks.
A new study found that policies in Pennsylvania aimed at protecting public health from fracking were ineffective due to frequent use of exemptions. The study, published in Energy Policy, analyzed well pad locations and found no significant change in how wells were sited after the state's setback policy took effect in 2012.
A new technique uses bacterial biofilms to capture microplastics, which are then processed and dispersed for recycling. This method has the potential to remove microplastics from wastewater treatment plants, helping to stop their release into oceans and protect human health and food chains.
A recent study by the University of Cincinnati found that inactive oil wells in Texas can leak significant amounts of methane, with some emitting up to 132 grams per hour. The study suggests that regular inspections using infrared cameras could help address the issue.
A study of 1179 children aged 11-12 years found that moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise was 2-6 times more potent than sleep or sedentary time in improving physical and mental health. Exercising 17 minutes more, sleeping an extra 52 minutes, or reducing sitting time by 56 minutes can achieve similar benefits.
Researchers at MIT developed a method to reduce fouling on heat exchanger surfaces by making salts self-eject, using hydrophobic surfaces and heat. The process involves the formation of 'crystal critters' that grow legs and eventually tip over, allowing the salts to be removed easily.
Researchers developed a topical cream using BRAF inhibitor LUT014 to reduce skin rash caused by EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer patients. The study showed that the treatment improved skin condition and reduced severity of the rash in 6 out of 10 patients.
A study of 9,290 children found that those with multiple classes of prenatal exposures had a higher risk of psychiatric symptoms. The risk was highest among those with unplanned pregnancy, substance use, or obstetrical complications.
Researchers from UNIGE used mice to study the complex processing of light by the retina, revealing that both light intensity and its temporal shape influence the signal sent to the brain. The findings, published in Science Advances, may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities for eye weaknesses.
Researchers found that El Niño can accurately predict cacao yields with a high degree of confidence, even 25 months before the harvest. This innovative approach uses machine learning and rigorous data collection to provide valuable insights for farmers and policymakers, enabling them to make informed investment decisions.
Researchers aim to develop new alloys that can be additively manufactured to produce strong yet ductile structures. By understanding the underlying mechanisms of grain refinement in complex concentrated alloys, they hope to create materials suitable for various engineering applications, including space exploration.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have successfully created 3D organoid models of the human pancreas from human stem cells, including both acinar and ductal structures. The new platform could lead to the discovery of markers for early diagnosis and monitoring of pancreatic cancer.
Researchers developed an exosome-based therapeutic strategy to target and treat late-stage colorectal cancer by disrupting immunosuppressive factors. In preclinical models, this approach proved effective in enhancing the anti-tumor immune response and controlling tumor growth.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in graphene, opening a pathway towards graphene-based topological qubits. This breakthrough finding enables the creation of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states, which are crucial for achieving topological superconductivity.
A national study found that only half of children with cardiomyopathy have undergone genetic screening, despite critical benefits for treatment and potentially curing the disease. Genetic screening can provide lifesaving information to families and prioritize children for a lifesaving cardiac transplant.
A new contaminant prioritization tool could increase the effectiveness of environmental approaches to landfill clean-up by matching tree species with specific contaminants. The tool allows site managers to prioritize the most hazardous contaminants or customize it to address local concerns.
Researchers from the IPK Leibniz Institute identified regulatory networks and signalling pathways controlling barley floral meristem development. The findings provide a deeper understanding of spikelet formation and offer an important tool for future studies.
A large analysis of patient data suggests that delayed antibiotic prescribing is a safe and effective strategy for most patients, including those in higher risk subgroups. The study found no significant difference in symptom severity or duration between delayed and immediate antibiotics, but a slight benefit in reducing re-consultation...
A new study reveals a significant increase in heart attack survival rates for patients treated with a standardized protocol for cardiogenic shock. The National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative, led by Henry Ford Hospital, demonstrated a 71% survival rate in patients whose hearts were unable to pump enough blood during a heart attack.
A new study has reduced the Southern Ocean's CO2 uptake uncertainty by 50% using a novel method that constrains the ocean's carbon sink. The approach links human-made CO2 uptake to surface water salinity, allowing for more accurate projections of future climate change.
A Cornell-led research survey found that many Americans believe the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines provide weak protection against COVID-19 after a second dose. The study highlights the need for improved guidance on continued public health precautions, such as wearing masks, to combat vaccine attrition and prolong pandemic recovery.
The City College of New York team demonstrated the use of Rydberg states to enhance nonlinear optical interactions in solid state systems, creating a chip-scale scalable single photon switch. This breakthrough enables the realization of quantum photonic technologies by amplifying scalability.
A recent study has shown a significant decline in funding for discovery cancer research since 2006, with the percentage of annual funding falling by around a quarter. Worldwide Cancer Research is urging continued support for this type of research to develop new cancer cures.
A Uppsala University study found that genetic variants contribute more to educational attainment in socioeconomically deprived regions. The study of over 350,000 UK Biobank participants suggests an interaction between genes and environment, with socioeconomic deprivation modifying genetic effects.
Researchers have developed a remedy for renal anemia in cats using feline-derived erythropoietin, which shows minimal adverse reactions. The Pegylated fEPO was tested on 60 cases and proven effective in improving symptoms and quality of life for both cats and their owners.
A recent study reveals increased levels of air pollutants in cities like Kanpur and Delhi in India, while showing decreasing trends in the UK. The researchers used satellite observations to monitor these changes, highlighting the need for continued enforcement of clean air policies.
A new UC San Diego study found that Republicans' willingness to get vaccinated increased over time, while Democrats' views remained stable. The study also showed that Republicans were less trusting of media and viewed the COVID-19 virus as less threatening than Democrats.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant shift in internal medicine residency and fellowship applications. The study found that the number of applicants and applications submitted per applicant decreased in 2021 compared to previous years.
Using naturalistic driving data, researchers developed random forests models that accurately predicted mild cognitive impairment and dementia with 88% accuracy. The study identified age, trip patterns, and braking events as key predictors of the conditions.
A multidecade study found higher rates of mental illness symptoms among young adults exposed to traffic-related air pollutants during childhood and adolescence. The link between air pollution exposure and mental health symptoms was observed across sub-domains of psychopathology, with strongest links to thought disorder symptoms.
Research shows that between 60-70% of attention on social media platforms is focused on just 10 popular domains, while new competitors struggle to survive. The study's findings indicate a decline in online diversity and a potential for artificially high prices and constraints on innovation.
Researchers have developed a new method to control human hormones and metabolism, which could help prevent diseases such as prostate cancer and high cholesterol. The method involves binding to the POR protein, influencing hormone production and degradation, and has shown promise in treating prostate cancer by regulating CYP17 levels.
A new study published in PLOS Pathogens found that mice fed a Western-style diet high in processed foods and low in fiber developed persistent infections that led to inflammation and insulin resistance. The researchers suggest that altering gut microbiota through diet may be a means of promoting health.
Experts argue that universal low-risk testing is unlikely to reduce transmission and encourage prioritizing the improvement of testing programmes for those with symptoms. They also emphasize the need for transparency, sound evaluation, and high-quality testing services in addressing the pandemic.
A UMass Amherst-led team will develop a self-powered, decentralized network of computing hardware and solar batteries to reduce carbon emissions. The team plans to virtualize energy systems and engineer digital carbon-capping policies to track applications' use of traditional grid-based carbon emissions.
Researchers from Tohoku University developed a novel imaging method to visualize respiratory activity of 3D tissue models. The method uses potential step-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging to track oxygen consumption and produce luminescent signals.
Scientists have assembled high-quality reference genomes for 16 endangered species, including the kakapo and vaquita, revealing that even small populations can survive if humans do not kill off remaining animals. The 'kitchen sink approach' combined multiple biotech tools to produce error-free genome assemblies.
Researchers found that well-fitting three-layered cloth masks reduce exposure by up to 75% and can be as effective as surgical masks in preventing COVID-19 transmission. The study's findings suggest cloth masks can significantly reduce the risk of contraction, making them a valuable tool in community efforts
A new study using bone collagen analysis shows that Japanese flounder exhibit behavioral groups with different migration patterns and feeding habits. The researchers analyzed vertebral-bone collagen isotope ratios to reconstruct individual migration and feeding history, revealing distinct differences among fish.
A new study reveals that people with dyslexia sample visual information slower and with more difficulty when reading. The researchers found a direct link between eye movements and reading speed in individuals with the learning disorder.
The study found that nearly half of people with asthma closest to the fire were unaware of the pollution problem and unable to take steps to avoid exposure. The incident led to an 80% increased risk of worsened asthma symptoms for those living within a 10-mile radius of the plant.
A quality improvement study evaluated the length, readability, and complexity of COVID-19 vaccine phase III randomized clinical trial informed consent documents. The study found that these documents were often lengthy and complex, posing a barrier to participant understanding.
Scientists found a strong correlation between insect body size and temperature in fossil midges, revealing a promising new proxy for palaeotemperatures. The study suggests that insects can be used to reconstruct ancient climates dating back to the Cretaceous period.
A new study models people's exposure to air pollution by race-ethnicity and income level, finding that exposure disparities among people of color and white people are driven by nearly all emission source types. The researchers found that air pollution disparities arise from a more systemic set of causes than previously understood.
Researchers have identified a specific mechanism of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) that enables it to bind to platelets and initiate clotting. The discontinuous autoinhibitory module (AIM) is a prime site for new antithrombotic drug development.
Historical research from Lund University reveals that electrification strengthened professional groups' negotiating power, leading to more strikes over wage increases. The study analyzed 8,000 strikes between 1859 and 1938 and found that technological change was a rare trigger.
Workers who faced the room and had relatively few desks in their line of sight rated themselves more focused and productive, as well as their teams being better bonded. Staff at window desks also felt more productive than those sitting beside walls.
Breast cancer patients experience frequent job changes after diagnosis, with around ten percent reporting involuntary changes. The study suggests that a supportive work environment and understanding from managers can facilitate a satisfactory return to work.
Researchers at University of Maryland School of Medicine found that primary care practitioners significantly overestimated the likelihood of conditions such as cardiac ischemia and breast cancer. The study highlights the need for better decision-making tools to help doctors estimate risk based on laboratory findings.
Researchers developed a new type of LED that reduces blue light emission, resulting in a warm white light similar to natural sunlight. The new phosphor compound minimizes the intensity across blue wavelengths, improving sleep quality and reducing eye troubles.
A novel method allows tracking rapid structural changes in enzymes and nucleic acids. The technique, called microsecond freeze hyperquenching, was originally developed at Delft University but later fell into disuse.
Sonali Shukla McDermid, NYU Environmental Studies Professor, awarded $200k to investigate alternative methods for improving rice production while reducing environmental impact. Her research aims to identify environmentally responsible food production modes and mitigate climate change effects.
Researchers at UChicago have successfully brought multiple molecules into a single quantum state, a major technological feat. This achievement has the potential to open new fields in quantum physics and chemistry, enabling innovative applications such as unhackable networks and earthquake sensors.
Researchers at FSU's Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies have developed a new virtual tool to track marine litter in the ocean. The tool provides insights into where mismanaged plastic waste is released and ends up, informing policies and regulations to mitigate its impact.
A new study found that men with heavy drinking habits and sexist attitudes are more likely to commit intimate partner violence. The research, conducted in seven Asian-Pacific countries, highlights the interaction between alcohol consumption, gender inequality, and male violence.
Researchers at NIST measured moon dust particles as small as 400 nanometers, revealing a strong link between particle shape and light scattering. The study uses X-ray nano computed tomography to analyze particle shapes and improve satellite tracking of weather patterns.
The global human population is projected to lead to food and water shortages, pollution, poverty and social tension. A new mathematical model suggests that intrinsic factors, such as Turing instability, may drive heterogeneous population distribution, regardless of geographical heterogeneity.
A study from the University of Kansas found that test anxiety triggers poor sleep, which can lead to reduced performance on tests. The research revealed a correlation between sleep, anxiety, and test scores, with students experiencing significant differences in grades due to anxiety levels.
Researchers found that treating mice with experimental Alzheimer's drugs paired with a treatment to improve brain drainage reduced amyloid deposits more effectively than the anti-amyloid drugs alone.
Researchers develop a robotic-medical device and procedure to safely induce presence hallucinations in Parkinson's patients, providing a new diagnostic tool for the disease. The study findings suggest that the test may help predict the severity of the disease's progression.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a new strategy for producing organotin compounds by photoexciting stannyl anions. This approach increases selectivity and reactivity, enabling the efficient synthesis of bioactive products, novel drugs, and functional materials.
The Vertebrate Genomes Project has produced 16 diploid high-quality vertebrate reference genome assemblies, showcasing technological improvements and standardization for genomics. These assemblies enable unprecedented novel discoveries in biodiversity, conservation, and human health and disease.
A new Illinois-based study finds evidence of a steady decline in the availability of springtime flowers in wooded landscapes, which likely endangers queen bees' ability to start their nesting season. The scarcity of early-season flowers, particularly in forests, is attributed to declining forest plant cover since 1997.
A new study found that nearly all fine particulate air pollution sources affect people of color more than whites, with industry and vehicle emissions being major contributors. The disparities persist across income levels and geographic regions, suggesting systemic issues behind the findings.
Dead lithium, comprising active and inactive Li components, leads to reduced cycle life in LIBs. Researchers propose design principles to minimize dead lithium formation for higher Coulombic efficiency.
A new study published in the Journal of Financial Economics found that restricting internet searches for investors can lead to increased stock market instability. The research, conducted by RMIT University, discovered that firms regularly searched on Google were 19% more unstable after Google's withdrawal from mainland China in 2010.
A new study reveals African Americans under 45 with CAD have a higher incidence of obesity, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and mental health conditions like depression. These non-traditional risk factors contribute to the complex burden of disease in this patient population.
A University of California San Diego engineering professor has solved the mystery of deep-focus earthquakes, which originate between 400 and 700 kilometers below the Earth's surface. Her new theory explains how high pressures cause olivine rock to transform into denser spinel, leading to volume collapse and seismic waves.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered that plant roots grow with a spiral motion, controlled by the hormone auxin, which also assists cancer cells in penetrating tissue. This finding significantly advances plant research and has potential applications in understanding cancer cell behavior.
Two new studies provide new insights for treating cardiogenic shock, a rare and life-threatening condition where the heart stops pumping enough blood. The studies confirm the accuracy of the SCAI shock stage classification system and show that early use of mechanical circulatory support improves patient outcomes.
New Army-funded synthetic biology research has enabled the manipulation of micro-compartments in cells, potentially leading to breakthroughs in bio-manufacturing. The study could inform new ways to design medicine, synthetic cells and nano-reactors for nanotechnology applications.
Two compounds, (-)-geosmin and 3-methyl-1H-indole, are found to be primary contributors to the musty and moldy scents of cocoa beans. Measuring their amounts within cocoa beans could help detect off-putting scents and flavors.
Researchers at INRS discovered a compound that alleviates some neurological symptoms of CHARGE syndrome, a rare genetic disorder affecting 1 in 10,000 newborns. The treatment targets GABAergic neurons and shows therapeutic effects on both neurological and behavioral symptoms.
Recent study reveals significant strengthening of tropical Pacific western boundary currents (WBCs) over the past six decades, primarily driven by temperature change. The WBCs' intensification is attributed to a strengthening of trade winds in the western Pacific Ocean.
A two-step prognostic test can predict patient response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, guiding therapeutic choices before severe symptoms appear. The test combines a disease risk factor score with antibodies produced early in the infection.
A large meta-analysis of 17,687 individuals with diabetes found that those with more advanced diabetes have a higher risk of death from SARS-CoV-2. Men and older adults with diabetes were particularly at increased risk.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions has released updated consensus guidelines on best practices in cardiac catheterization laboratories. The new recommendations focus on patient-centered approaches, staff qualifications, and quality metrics to optimize outcomes. The document covers topics such as pre-procedure ...
A new study suggests the P.1 variant is 1.7-2.4 times more transmissible than non-P1-lineages and evades 10-46% of immunity gained from previous infections. This has led to difficulties in controlling outbreaks in Brazil, particularly in Manaus.
Researchers have developed hybrid materials that combine hydrogels and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to optimize water harvesting technologies for various environments. These materials have the potential to provide a sustainable source of water in arid conditions, as well as improve energy efficiency in air conditioning systems.
Researchers found virtual reality (VR) effective in assessing balance and improving postural control in older adults. VR systems can differentiate healthy from balance-impaired individuals and provide a more natural and relevant testing environment.
A review of over 500 academic papers found that wasps are valuable for agriculture, providing biocontrol services worth $416 billion annually. Wasps also contribute to pollination, visiting 960 plant species, including those dependent on them for reproduction. Their venom and saliva have medicinal properties.
Researchers at UCSF have engineered smart immune cells effective against solid tumors, overcoming hurdles for immunotherapies. The new approach may be ready for clinical trials in the near future, offering hope for patients with previously untouchable cancers.
Adolescents who experience early puberty are more likely to drink alcohol, with peer drinking and parental permissiveness contributing to this risk. Early maturing girls are particularly vulnerable, with a higher likelihood of binge drinking and substance use disorders.
During the pandemic, a 70% decrease was observed in heart attack patients seeking care, with those receiving treatment experiencing more severe symptoms due to delays. The study underscores the importance of early treatment and public education on cardiac care.
A new compound AAZ-A-154 has been identified with potential to act on beneficial pathways in the brain without hallucinogenic effects. The discovery was made possible by a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor called psychLight that screens for hallucinogenic potential.
A team of scientists discovered that microorganisms in the subseafloor are active and adaptable, able to survive on low-carbon conditions. They use carbon dioxide as a building block without converting it into organic carbon first.
A study has found that sperm development is linked to testicular cancer in men. Germ cells that fail to undergo sex-specific differentiation and retain pluripotent features are more likely to transform into cancer cells.
A recent study found a causal genetic link between coffee consumption and cardio health, suggesting that genetics play a role in regulating safe levels of caffeine. People with high blood pressure are more likely to avoid or limit their caffeine intake.
A team of scientists has re-evaluated the forest harvesting trends in Europe, finding that an abrupt increase of 69% reported by a previous study was incorrect. Instead, they found a more modest 6% increase in forest harvests over the same period.
Researchers discovered that a protein called VGLUT plays a key role in regulating sex differences in brain vulnerability to age-related dopamine neuron loss. Higher levels of VGLUT were found in female neurons, correlating with greater resilience to neurodegeneration and mobility deficiencies.
Researchers characterized how electronic states depend on local chemical composition in a compound containing iron, tellurium, and selenium. They discovered that low iron concentration leads to superconductivity and distinct magnetic correlations, while high tellurium concentration creates a topological surface state.