Child vaccination rates in Africa are significantly lower where people distrust local and national authorities. A study of 167,000 children across 22 African countries found that mistrust in courts, parliament, and government can lead to a 11% increase in unvaccinated children.
A study published in PLOS Biology suggests that Lateral Flow Devices (LFDs) are more effective at detecting higher quantities of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, but struggle to identify infections in individuals with lower viral loads. The research highlights the need for frequent testing, particularly in early or late stages of infection.
A new clinical trial is investigating the effectiveness of white button mushroom tablets in regulating immune systems and reducing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The study aims to recruit 132 male participants with recurrent prostate cancer, with results indicating potential benefits against prostate cancer.
A recent study published in the Journal of Business Venturing found that entrepreneurs whose facial expressions conveyed a mix of emotions during funding pitches were more successful. The study analyzed nearly 500 pitch videos and found that varying three emotional expressions (happiness, anger, fear) led to the most fundraising success.
Researchers discovered a new law of physics that accounts for elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) friction, crucial for developing reliable haptic and robotic devices. This breakthrough enables the creation of more functional devices in applications like telesurgery and manufacturing.
A third of children and adolescents experience mental health problems after a concussion, which can persist for several years post-injury. The review emphasizes the importance of evaluating mental health as part of standard pediatric concussion assessment and management.
New research suggests that the Arctic's increasing plant biomass is not enough to absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide, as most of it is released through fires and timber harvests. The study estimates that only 430 million metric tons of biomass have accumulated over 31 years, with much of it being lost due to wildfires.
A recent study published by University of Alaska Fairbanks researchers found that sea ice declined 5.7 times faster than normal during the Great Arctic Cyclone of 2016. The rapid decline was driven by cyclone-triggered processes within the ocean, including warm water upwelling and surface turbulence.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant decline in cancer screenings for breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers. According to the study, screening rates dropped by an estimated 22% during the pandemic.
A new algorithm developed by researchers from the University of Eastern Finland uses blood biomarker measurements to aid in early diagnosis and differentiation between types of dementia. This innovation aims to provide precise diagnoses, enabling targeted treatment and improving patient outcomes.
A new study from the University of Georgia has developed an inexpensive and spark-free optical-based hydrogen sensor that detects hydrogen presence without electronics, making it safer for widespread use. The sensor boasts faster response time and increased sensitivity compared to previous models, addressing key hurdles in hydrogen pow...
A recent study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya found that 6 out of 10 teachers believe changing the classroom design is crucial for improving learning. The researchers emphasized the need for flexible spaces that prioritize physical and psychological well-being, allowing students to take an active role in their learning. Additionall...
A new study has identified risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19 in people with diabetes, including male sex, older age, high blood glucose levels, and existing comorbidities. Chronic metformin treatment was found to be associated with a reduced risk of severe COVID-19.
Researchers used ultra-high field MRI to map the brains of people with Down syndrome, detecting subtle differences in hippocampal structure and function. The study provides insight into how subregions of the hippocampus are connected to other brain areas.
Geisinger Health System has been awarded a $3.6 million contract from the National Cancer Institute to analyze genetic data from its MyCode Community Health Initiative. The study aims to identify specific gene variants linked to cancer risk, expanding the list of genes used for genetic cancer screening.
Computerized cognitive behavioral therapy was found effective for anxiety and depression in adolescents and young people. However, the effectiveness of other digital interventions remains inconclusive. Engagement with a health professional or peer can strengthen the effectiveness of these interventions.
Researchers mapped probable superhighways that led to first peopling of Australia, using simulated physiology and decisions of early way-finders. The study identified distinct ring-shaped roads, western roads, and transecting roads that converged at archaeological sites with early rock art and tools.
The study reveals complex patterns in brain-body scaling, with many large-brained species having low relative brain sizes due to selective pressures. The authors conclude that the evolution of intelligence cannot be solely measured by brain size.
Researchers have sequenced high-quality genomes for 16 vertebrate species, revealing new avenues for increasing immune defenses against emerging diseases. The study also standardizes genome assembly quality metrics using novel algorithms, paving the way for thousands of future genome assemblies.
An international team of researchers led by Xiangming Xiao used satellite data to track changes in the Brazilian Amazon from 2010 to 2019, finding that forest degradation resulted in greater carbon loss than deforestation. This study has significant implications for forest policies and conservation efforts in the region.
Researchers developed a chip that rapidly and accurately sequences viral genomes for COVID-19 diagnosis, eliminating false positives and negatives. This technology enables faster tracing of COVID-19 cases and prevents future pandemics.
Researchers have identified four distinct patterns of tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease, each leading to unique symptoms and prognoses. These subtypes include variant one, which primarily affects memory, and variants two, three, and four, which impact executive functions, visuospatial processing, and language ability, respectively.
A recent study suggests that cancer prevalence in medieval Britain may be around 9-14%, significantly higher than the previous estimate of less than 1%. The research used x-rays and CT scans to analyze skeletal remains from six medieval cemeteries, revealing signs of malignancy in five individuals.
A study found that kratom use is relatively rare in the general US population, affecting only 0.7% of adults and adolescents, but more prevalent among people with opioid use disorder, who report a 10.3% rate of kratom use. Kratom use is also associated with depression, serious mental illness, and other factors.
A recent study has tracked the evolution of a multi-drug resistant organism in cystic fibrosis patients, revealing that it can evolve rapidly within an individual during chronic infection. The researchers emphasize the importance of treating patients with M. abscessus infection immediately.
A study analyzing Medicare claims data between 2012 and 2018 found that TAVR hospital programs are predominantly located in metropolitan areas serving patients with higher socioeconomic status. As a result, the study reveals inequitable access to TAVR programs for non-metropolitan or lower-income areas across the country.
A nationwide survey of US patients on dialysis found that 20% were hesitant to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, with rates higher among certain groups. The study highlights the need for targeted outreach efforts to address concerns about vaccine safety and side effects.
A team of experts used advanced modelling techniques to recreate the journey of Australia's indigenous people, who navigated the continent tens of thousands of years ago. The study reveals that prominent landscape features and water sources played a crucial role in their survival and growth.
A ship's container lost at sea resulted in printer cartridges washing up on coastlines from Florida to Norway, contaminating the environment with metals like titanium and copper. The study used social media sightings and ocean modeling tools to track the spread of the cargo, highlighting the speed and reach of ocean currents.
A University of Guelph study identifies a compound in avocados that targets an enzyme critical for cancer cell growth, offering a potential route to better leukemia treatment. The compound, derived from avocado, has been shown to inhibit the enzyme VLCAD involved in leukemia cell metabolism.
Larval mantis shrimp display impressive accelerations despite being smaller than expected, highlighting the limitations of theoretical models. Their transparent exoskeletons allow researchers to study the inner workings of their spring-latch mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a new multiplexer made from pure silicon for terahertz-range communications, enabling ultra-broadband wireless communications. The device can support aggregate data rates of up to 48 Gbit/s, paving the way for applications in 6G and beyond.
A phase two study found that an experimental treatment improved cognitive function and language in patients with fragile X syndrome. The treatment, BPN14770, increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the brain, which is critically involved in memory formation.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati discovered that some BPA-free drinking bottles can contain traces of BPA, a chemical linked to heart health issues. The study found that multiple cycles through the dishwasher effectively removes BPA from these bottles.
A new study from the University of Michigan shows that overdose rates were two and a half times higher among patients who filled a prescription for an opioid medication after a dental procedure compared to those who didn
Researchers analyzed museum specimens to find that fish have been ingesting microplastics since the 1950s, with concentrations increasing over time. The study highlights the importance of natural history collections in museums and serves as a wake-up call for addressing plastic pollution.
Research from Lancaster University Management School found that potentially polluting firms choose locations based on local income demographics, leading to higher toxic releases in poorer areas. Firms reduce pollutant releases and increase waste management spending in higher-income areas.
The latest Geology articles publish research on shocked zircon, the Holocene Sonoran Desert, Himalayan collision dynamics, and more. Recent studies reveal nonlinear fault damage zones, a history of the Larsen C Ice Shelf reconstructed from sediment cores, and evidence for slow titanium diffusion in quartz.
Researchers found that house mice on the east and west coasts developed similar traits, such as larger bodies and bigger nests, to cope with the cold. These genetic changes suggest distinct regional features like rainfall and soil color may have driven parallel evolution along the latitudinal gradient.
A new desalination process removes nearly 100% of toxic metals, producing clean water while capturing valuable metals. An infant-warming device reduces neonatal mortality rates by threefold in Rwanda, proving safe and effective without electricity.
Researchers discovered SARS-CoV-2 uses m6A modification to evade immune response, increasing viral replication and survival. Inhibiting METTL3 suppressed viral replication.
A large study of 345,000 people from 48 trials found that blood pressure-lowering medication lowers the risk of cardiovascular events by around 10% regardless of starting blood pressure level. The research calls for global guidelines to be changed so that anyone with increased risk of cardiovascular disease is considered for treatment.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers suggests that Hispanic Americans are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 due to workplace exposure. The analysis of federal data showed that Hispanics of working age have died of COVID-19 at a higher rate than whites, with excess cases and deaths also highest among this group.
A new study suggests that an hour of daily exercise can help Arctic Inuit people with a faulty TBC1D4 gene control their high blood sugar levels. This finding has the potential to improve the lives of thousands across the Arctic region, providing a positive outlook for those living with type 2 diabetes.
A new, rapid screening approach using CRISPR/Cas9 technology identified immune system-related genes crucial for zebrafish spinal cord injury repair. The study found four genes essential for repairing severed spinal nerve connections.
A new study reveals that rapid methane release occurs in response to Arctic ice sheet melting, with thousands of years of data showing a correlation between deglaciation events and methane emissions. The research suggests that the release of this potent greenhouse gas is strongly linked to the retreat of ice sheets.
A recent study from the University of Virginia Health System found that more than a quarter of American infants in 2018 had not received all recommended childhood vaccines. Disparities were observed among African-American infants, low-income families, and those with lower education levels. The researchers warn that these gaps can lead ...
Two studies demonstrate the benefits of patient-forward approach to PCI, where systematically avoiding high-risk cases worsens hospital quality. Robotic-assisted technology shows safety and efficacy in treating complex lesions, reducing occupational hazards for physicians.
A recent study found that obesity and a high-salt diet are bigger risks for females, who are more sensitive to salt and have naturally higher levels of hormones like leptin and aldosterone. This can lead to increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in young women.
Experts and patients are urging medical textbooks to be rewritten due to the rare condition of unexplained low blood sugar. The new guidelines aim to diagnose and treat this condition as any other disease.
Researchers from Ural Federal University developed a new method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 using electrochemical biosensors made of emerging materials. The sensors offer high sensitivity, specificity, and portability, making them a promising tool for virus detection. Further research is needed to commercialize the technology.
Researchers at Rochester Institute of Technology are creating a cost-effective and accurate 3D reconstruction sensing system for crop monitoring. They aim to reduce the cost from $500,000 to just a few thousand dollars by using lighter and less expensive sensors.
The 2021 class includes notable inventors like Dean Kamen and Mark Dean, whose work on the Segway and original IBM PC revolutionized technology. The inductees collectively hold over 675 U.S. patents, addressing pressing issues like healthcare, education, and environmental sustainability.
A study by researchers at NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing found that hospital resources such as supportive staff relationships, professional development, and access to personal protective equipment were associated with lower levels of anxiety and depression among nurses. Workplace support was key in protecting nurses' wellbeing duri...
A machine learning algorithm predicts the life expectancy of critical components in extreme environments. The model is trained on data from electrochemical capacitors operated at temperatures up to 200°C, enabling safe and resilient operations in applications like downhole drilling equipment.
Researchers discover that mantis shrimp larvae can unleash powerful punches as little as 9 days after hatching, with limb accelerations reaching blistering speeds. The tiny creatures' appendages operate similarly to those of adult mantis shrimp, but scaled down, and can hurl the limb at rotational speeds of ~16,500deg/s.
A new study reveals that only 32.3% of US patients undergoing PCI for SIHD met ISCHEMIA trial inclusion criteria, while others had high-risk features or negative functional testing. These findings suggest the trial's results may not be representative of real-world interventional practice.
The Hubble Space Telescope has captured the first-ever direct image of a giant exoplanet, PDS 70b, which is feeding off material surrounding its young star. The observations provide a unique look at radiation from extremely hot gas falling onto the planet, allowing scientists to estimate how fast it's gaining mass.
Researchers propose 'stepping stone' migration theory, where migrants used islands in the Bering Transitory Archipelago as a route to cross the Bering Sea. The study suggests that these islands provided a suitable refugium with internal connectivity and outward isolation, allowing for the genetic drift seen in Native American DNA.
Researchers developed a way to fuse high-resolution satellite data into one integrated product to track soil and plant conditions. The technology aims to redefine drought based on plant-centric metrics and provide precision irrigation with high accuracy, addressing farmer adoption challenges.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Human Development discovered that the brain rapidly shifts from a rhythmic to a 'noisy' state when task demands increase. This shift enables flexible information processing, allowing individuals to adapt to changing environments and make better decisions.
A new study published in Ageing Clinical and Experimental Research found that older people with vision loss are more likely to suffer mild cognitive impairment, a precursor to dementia. The research examined World Health Organisation data on over 32,000 people and found a significant correlation between vision loss and increased risk o...
Researchers created a detailed cell atlas of COVID lungs, revealing a trifecta of detrimental effects: runaway inflammation, direct destruction, and impaired regeneration of lung cells involved in gas exchange. This study provides leads on why survivors experience long-term respiratory complications due to lung scarring.
Researchers propose a three-tiered categorization system to push soft robotics forward and increase its impact. The system includes Level 0 for exploratory studies, Level 1 for performance improvement, and Level 2 for applications beyond soft robotics.
Researchers found lightning and subvisible discharges produce extreme amounts of hydroxyl radical and hydroperoxyl radical, which break down greenhouse gases like methane. The findings suggest these electrical events could significantly affect ozone and atmospheric models.
A study by University of Oregon researchers found strong support for face coverings on US Twitter, with a majority of users supporting mask-wearing. Media coverage of anti-mask sentiments fueled the rhetoric of those opposed, but the majority of users ignored this rhetoric and instead supported mask-wearing.
Researchers studied 90,000 newborns in Sweden and found only 0.9% were infected with COVID-19. The study supports the Swedish recommendation not separating mother and baby after delivery, as it poses no risk to the baby's health.
Experts warn that rewilding the modern gut microbiota without careful consideration of microbial evolution could lead to health problems. Restoring the preindustrialized microbiome may not necessarily improve health, but rather reflect adaptive responses to industrial society.
A new methodology developed by the UPV/EHU helps SME software departments create software services aligned with Industry 4.0, improving customer experience and after-sales support. The methodology uses semantic technologies and 3D visualization to analyze shortcomings and generate new services, enhancing customer loyalty.
A study found that community corrections agencies must see evidence-based reforms as legitimate to sustain them. Researchers implemented Contingency Management in eight federal agencies and found that staff views of legitimacy were crucial for reform adoption.
A study of over 17,000 US adults aged 50 and over found that many are using cannabis to relieve health problems without discussing their use with doctors. The research highlights the need for healthcare professionals to screen for cannabis and other substance use, as well as educate patients about potential safety issues.
Dr. Blaser recognized for groundbreaking research on the human microbiome and its relationship to diseases such as asthma, obesity, and cancer. His work has had a far-reaching impact on medicine and patient care, particularly in the areas of infectious disease and COVID-19.
Experiments show that photon collisions lead to excess particles, previously unexplained. Theoretical description now includes photon interactions to explain data collected from LHC and RHIC collisions.
A team of researchers from Penn Nursing created the Dear Pandemic social media campaign, providing comprehensive information on COVID-19. The initiative has been successful in combating misinformation, engaging nurses, and inspiring public action.
A team from the University of Bristol's QETLabs developed an algorithm that uses machine learning to reverse engineer Hamiltonian models and formulate approximate models for quantum systems. This breakthrough enables the automated characterization of new devices, such as quantum sensors.
A new study reveals that global glacier retreat has accelerated by 267 gigatonnes of ice per year on average between 2000 and 2019, contributing to rising sea levels. The loss of glacial mass is having a profound impact on mountain glaciers in the Himalayas and other regions.
Researchers at University of Guam discovered that shade can mitigate coral bleaching caused by high temperatures and light exposure. The study's findings suggest practical ways to reduce light impact on corals, particularly during recovery from elevated temperatures, which could inform reef management and outplanting efforts.
Fertility concerns significantly affect young women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treatment decisions, new research shows. Women who express fertility concerns are more likely to choose not to start or discontinue endocrine therapy.
Research team analyzed fossilized pollen from 27 islands, finding a consistent pattern of accelerated vegetation turnover after human arrival. The study suggests that earlier settlements may have been more resilient to human impact, while later settlers' practices were more transformative.
Researchers have pinned down the precise length of a day on Venus, the tilt of its axis and the size of its core. The new measurements reveal an average day on Venus lasts 243.0226 Earth days, roughly two-thirds of an Earth year, with variations in rotation rate due to the planet's heavy atmosphere.
A new study has found that the composition of a baby's first poop is associated with whether or not they will develop allergies within their first year of life. Newborns with richer meconium have a lower risk of developing allergies, suggesting that early exposure to certain molecules in the womb may play a role in future health.
The study created a genetic database that maps the function of genetic variants in autoimmune diseases, connecting DNA sequence changes to gene expression levels. The researchers analyzed 79 healthy volunteers and 337 patients with different types of immune-mediated diseases.
Researchers investigated whether spending a year in space was associated with worsening eye changes. The study found that spaceflight led to structural changes in the eye, which can potentially affect vision.
A Swedish study of over 100,000 children found that early antibiotic exposure before birth and during the first year of life increases the risk of developing eczema. The research suggests a potential long-term consequence of antibiotic use on childhood skin health.
Researchers compared GPU performance on AMD and Nvidia accelerators, porting LAMMPS to new open-source technology AMD HIP. The study found performance is influenced by both hardware and software environments, with ineffective drivers causing delays.
A new digital decision-aiding tool, ASSIST, has been developed to help physicians choose between non-invasive diagnostic tests for patients with chest pain. The tool uses machine learning techniques to identify the most appropriate imaging test based on patient characteristics.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory and international partners have developed guidelines for discovering new defect-based quantum systems, which could lead to breakthroughs in quantum communications, sensing, and computing. The guidelines provide a framework for designing qubits tailored to specific applications.
Researchers found that corals' ability to grow calcium carbonate skeletons evolved between 308 and 265 million years ago, with necessary proteins present in their soft-bodied ancestors. The team identified genes responsible for transporting calcium and removing protons, as well as an acid-rich protein involved in skeleton building.
A new test, called Guardant Reveal, can detect residual cancer DNA in the blood of patients after treatment without knowing the specific mutations present in their tumor. The study found that this approach was similar in sensitivity and specificity to traditional methods.
Research-practice partnerships are a promising strategy for making high-quality prekindergarten programs accessible to all children. Through collaboration, compromise, and long-term commitment, RPPs can bridge the gap between research findings and practical applications.
A systematic review found no conclusive evidence on portable air filters' ability to reduce respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Two studies did demonstrate capture of airborne bacteria and reduced bacterial counts, but not viral particles or a reduction in incidence.
Scientists have developed a small, flexible thermoelectric generator that converts heat from human skin into electrical power. The device can power an LED light in real-time when worn on a wristband, suggesting potential for powering wearable devices like fitness trackers.
A mathematical model suggests repaying loans quickly can minimize cost, but delaying payments may be more beneficial for large balances. Borrowers should consider maximizing early payments and switching to income-based repayment when forgiveness is near.
A new study found a 36% decrease in prostate cancer diagnoses in Sweden during the first pandemic wave, with most pronounced declines among men aged 75 and over. The number of patients receiving curative treatment remained unaffected, suggesting that healthcare prioritized cancer care during the pandemic.
A new study by Hungarian ethologists found that shorter-headed dog breeds, such as boxers and bulldogs, are more likely to form eye contact with humans due to their unique retina structure. Younger and playfully dogs also exhibited faster eye contact formation in a behavior test.
Research at NTNU found that gender differences in jealousy start as early as the early 20s, but this study revealed they appear even earlier, around age 16. The results showed men reacting more negatively to sex, while women react to love and feelings.
The study revealed key physics behind primary energy release, particle acceleration, and transportation in solar radio bursts. MUSER provides a unique tool for measuring solar magnetic fields and tracing dynamic evolution of energetic electrons.
Researchers have developed a technique using uranium-thorium dating of ostrich eggshells to precisely date garbage dumps in South Africa, revealing the site Ysterfontein 1 is over 100,000 years old and providing insight into early human settlement and population levels.
A team of researchers at Michigan State University has developed more heat resilient silver circuitry by adding an intermediate layer of porous nickel, which helps to improve adhesion to ceramic components. The technology has the potential to benefit various industries, including automotive, aerospace, and energy.
KICT has developed an effective structural monitoring technique to monitor massive infrastructures, such as long-span bridges. The method uses multi-fidelity data fusion to combine point and distributed strain sensors for accurate responses over whole infrastructures.
A UCLA-led study reveals that seven preventive medical services have no likely health benefit to patients and may even be harmful. These services, including asymptomatic bacteriuria screening and prostate cancer screening, are ordered over 31 million times annually at a cost of nearly $500 million per year.
A new study finds that the Red Sea's seafloor spreading began 13 million years ago, with most of the basin composed of ancient oceanic crust. This discovery challenges existing geological models and sheds light on the region's formation history.
A survey study examines the associations of school closure and COVID-19-related stressors with caregivers' perceptions of their children's mental well-being. Caregivers reported increased concerns about their children's psychological health during the pandemic.
Fengyun satellite data is available for real-time users, scientific researchers, and public users, with over 10TB of daily data volume produced daily. The data has been validated with in-situ observations and cross-referenced with other well-known satellite products.
A new study by Oregon State University has found that combining solar panels and lamb grazing increases land productivity. The research compared lamb growth and pasture production in pastures with solar panels to traditional open pastures, finding less overall but higher quality forage in the solar pastures.
Experts warn that cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) blood clots are rare but serious events associated with COVID-19 infections, not vaccines. Immediate screening and non-heparin anticoagulants can help diagnose and treat the condition. Most patients can recover fully with proper treatment.
The study created a large-scale atlas of chromatin accessibility changes with the loss of individual enzymes, revealing how DNA is organized in cancer cells. Chromatin modifications are linked to diverse human traits and diseases, most notably cancer, where their loss results in global gene expression changes.
New research reveals that northern forests' ability to absorb atmospheric carbon is being hindered by increasing frequency and intensity of forest fires. The study found that these fires are releasing more carbon into the atmosphere, while also altering the composition of tree species, with conifers being replaced by hardwoods.
A recent airborne study reveals extreme amounts of hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals generated by lightning, suggesting a substantial proportion of global atmospheric oxidation. The results could indicate that lightning-generated oxidants are responsible for between 2-16% of the Earth's atmosphere oxidizing capacity.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered a mechanism allowing meningitis-causing bacteria to evade the immune system by sensing temperature changes. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae produce safeguards in response to rising temperatures, boosting their defenses against immune attacks.
Researchers in Spain found rock humidity in dehesas can sustain vegetation during droughts by providing an alternative source of water. Soil moisture levels varied between slopes, with the north-facing slope having higher biomass and NDVI values, indicating improved plant growth due to increased water storage capacity.
A new analysis by researchers from around the world offers a deeper understanding of species interactions and their impact on ecosystem diversity. The study found that closely-related tree species interact weakly with each other, while distantly-related pairs can interact with surprising strength.
Horses and donkeys dig wells in dryland ecosystems, increasing water availability for a variety of plant and animal species. This overlooked form of ecosystem engineering shows that equids can buffer water availability in dryland environments, providing a service crucial to desert resilience.
Researchers found that intermittent fasting lowers blood pressure by altering the gut microbiota composition. The study suggests that gut dysbiosis contributes to hypertension by changing bile acid signaling.
A new strain of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG has been successfully developed to thrive in milk, offering potential benefits for infant gut health. The modified probiotic can utilize lactose and casein, producing lactic acid that inhibits gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
The ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2021) is being held virtually from May 8-13, with over 4,500 participants registered. The conference will feature keynote speakers, including Chieko Asakawa and Ruha Benjamin, as well as numerous workshops and accepted papers.
Researchers at UNIGE discovered a new mechanism for regulating RNA maturation dependent on diet, finding that methylation of specific mRNA sequences leads to its degradation. This control mechanism ensures a fair balance of methylations and prevents aberrant reactions, which can cause diseases.
A study by Sansum Diabetes Research Institute and Rice University found wearable devices that continuously monitor blood sugar levels provide new insights into the progression of Type 2 diabetes among at-risk Hispanic/Latino adults. The results point to new directions for improved diabetes care, particularly in underserved populations.
Researchers have developed a QR code-based digitization workflow to streamline specimen collection, reduce errors, and make data more accessible. The workflow uses unique object identifiers, citizen science platforms, and QR codes to automate data entry and analysis, allowing for the creation of large-scale phylogenetic studies.
Researchers challenge the notion that organic compounds like amino acids were formed from isotopically enriched substrates in the early solar system. They found that formose-type reactions create differences in carbon isotope concentrations between small and large organic molecules.
A simple device improved care after kidney transplantation by reducing swelling, hospital stays, and surgical site infections. Patients experienced a 31% reduction in swelling and a 60% decrease in wound infection rates.
The GridScale technology stores electrical energy as heat in basalt crushed to tiny stones, offering a cost-effective solution for long-term electricity storage. The facility will support electricity supply for up to a week, addressing the challenge of storing intermittent wind and solar electricity.
A new study found a substantial decrease in minimally invasive surgery use for cervical cancer after the publication of a major study in 2018. The study assessed 2,437 patients and showed that surgeons changed their methods, but still saw room for improvement at non-academic medical centers.
Researchers have created a new tool to evaluate infant brain health by assessing chemical markers in the brain. The tool uses standard values for several metabolites to provide a more reliable way to evaluate metabolite concentrations, allowing for early detection and intervention for potential brain development issues.
A survey of over 32,000 caregivers in Chicago Public Schools found that nearly a quarter of children and adolescents experienced stress, anxiety, or anger after pandemic-related school closures. Caregivers reported significantly worse psychological well-being after school closures compared to before.
Researchers at the University of California - Santa Barbara have identified a major cause of limitations to efficiency in hybrid perovskite solar cells. A study found that missing hydrogen atoms in the organic molecules can cause massive efficiency losses due to unwanted energy dissipation, resulting in lower photovoltaic performance.
A pharmacist-led smartphone app has been shown to significantly improve medication safety and reduce hospitalizations in kidney transplant recipients. The study found that participants who used the app were 61% less likely to experience medication errors and 45% less likely to experience serious side effects.
Researchers present a framework for effective altruism, suggesting donors split contributions between emotionally appealing and impactful charities. They advocate for expert evaluations and tangible details about charity intervention strategies.
Researchers at Aalto University have discovered a new recycling method for lithium-ion batteries that replenishes spent lithium in electrodes without crushing or melting. This process saves valuable raw materials and likely energy compared to traditional methods, which extract metals from crushed batteries by melting or dissolving them.
Researchers analyzed 43 brain disorders using BrainMap database, finding striking overlap between disease-related co-alteration networks and functional networks involved in normal behaviors. The study suggests metabolic stress in high-traffic hubs as a key underlying cause of network-based degeneration.
A new study found that Amazonian depopulation and forest regrowth began centuries before European arrival, rejecting the hypothesis of widespread reforestation contributing to reduced atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Forest pollen records suggest land abandonment and regrowth started 300-600 years prior to European contact.
A high rate of vaccination is vital to reducing COVID-19 cases and controlling the pandemic, according to new research from the Mayo Clinic. If Minnesota had achieved a 75% vaccination rate by early April, case numbers and hospitalizations would plummet by July.
A new technology-based method, proposed by Israeli researchers, aims to streamline epidemiological research and coronavirus testing. By identifying individuals with a high probability of infection before symptoms appear, the method can reduce unnecessary tests, quarantine duration, morbidity, and mortality.
A study suggests that targeting plants' internal clocks, known as circadian clock genes, can lead to higher yields and more sustainable farming practices. By matching the plant's natural rhythms with optimal growing conditions, farmers can reduce resources required and apply treatments at precise times for improved efficiency.
Researchers have discovered an alternative way of organizing genes in coral symbiont dinoflagellates, with alternating unidirectional blocks and a 3D chromosome structure dependent on transcriptional activity. This unique genome organization challenges traditional understanding of eukaryotic genetics.
Researchers found that Eastern and Western house mice developed identical genetic changes to cope with cold temperatures, building bigger nests and growing heftier. This study demonstrates the predictability of evolution in mammals, with implications for understanding human evolution.
A large study suggests that symptom screening, mask mandates, and daily symptom screening can minimize the excess COVID-19 risk to adults living with children who attend school in-person. Researchers found a 38% increase in reported COVID-19-like symptoms among households with an in-person-schooled child.
The COALESCE project combines sensors, machine learning, and robotics to enable farmers to respond to crop stressors with lower cost and greater agility. The technology aims to localize problems early on, making data-driven decisions for optimal production.
Researchers observed the first-ever galaxy in a 'blow-away' state, which suggests that small galaxies were responsible for reionization. The study reveals that intense star-formation can cause galaxies to lose their hydrogen clouds, allowing high energy light to escape.
Corals use an ancient immune mechanism to select suitable microalgae as symbionts, tolerating them over time. The 'vomocytosis' process involves immune suppression that allows algae to establish a niche within the coral's cells, facilitating nutrient exchange.
Scientists at Uppsala University resurrected 3.3 billion-year-old bacterial proteins to study their properties and evolutionary history. The researchers found that these ancient proteins had broader specificities than modern counterparts and could function with various types of ribosomes.