The American Academy of Family Physicians is investigating an 'educational' session promoting dairy products linked to increased risk of prostate cancer and other diseases disproportionately affecting African Americans. The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine filed a complaint, citing standards set by the Accreditation Counci...
The study analyzed patient data before and during the pandemic, revealing a significant increase in liver transplant requests and procedures. During the pandemic, more patients with acute alcohol-associated hepatitis underwent liver transplantation, highlighting the need for increased access to transplantation services.
Scientists at São Paulo State University discovered that compressing paramagnetic salts adiabatically can produce magnetization. The process aligns the particles' spins, resulting in a constant total entropy and magnetized system. This method has potential applications in investigating other interacting systems.
Researchers at ETH Zurich and partners have demonstrated a method to send precise reference frequencies via conventional telecommunications infrastructure, enabling chemical spectroscopy analyses that are 100 times more accurate than before. The approach uses the L band frequency, which is less congested by data traffic, allowing for h...
Researchers found that treating obese mice with TSLP stimulates the immune system to release lipids through sebaceous glands, leading to significant abdominal fat and weight loss. The study suggests that increasing sebum production via the immune system could be a strategy for treating obesity in people.
A study by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin found that older adults' living spaces reflect their personality traits and mood. When a space matches an individual's personality, they report better well-being and a better mood.
A new study from the University of Sheffield reveals that vitamin D supplements do not reduce the severity of IBS symptoms or improve quality of life. Despite correcting deficiencies in those with poor vitamin D status, high-dose vitamin D supplementation did not alleviate symptoms.
Researchers estimate that US government subsidies will encourage more oil and gas extraction in the coming decade, particularly at low oil prices. The study's findings suggest that subsidies can flow to excess profits, increasing greenhouse gas emissions and air and water pollution.
Researchers detected the first spin of a nano-acoustic wave using a nanowire, which can control nano-systems or transfer information. The phenomenon has potential applications in acoustic quantum technologies.
Patients with cancer who experience clinically significant fatigue before treatment have shorter overall survival times and more side effects. Researchers analyzed four clinical trials testing lung and prostate cancer treatments, confirming that pretreatment fatigue may be an important prognostic factor in oncology.
Researchers found that La Niña events increase the carbon export from the Amazon River by 2.77 teragrams per year, equivalent to the amount exported from the Mississippi River in a typical year. This is due to increased precipitation in Amazonian headwaters leading to flushing of materials from land.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that wearing masks and maintaining physical distance significantly reduce the spread of COVID-19. The study showed that both disposable paper medical masks and two-layer cloth masks were effective in blocking aerosol particles, with increased distance reducing particle counts to near baseline levels.
A recent review from Oregon State University suggests that agricultural pollution is the cause of 48% of water-quality impairment in US surface waters. The study recommends greater buffer zones around bodies of water and more consistent enforcement of water protection regulations to reduce pollution.
A new 3D imaging platform, DIRT/3D, uses supercomputer power to analyze root systems of plants, helping breeders develop climate-change adapted crops for farmers. The technology has the potential to address pressing global issues such as food security and carbon sequestration.
A team of Lehigh University researchers is studying a promising alternative catalytic process based on solid acid catalysts for ethylene dimerization. Using in situ and operando molecular spectroscopy, they aim to understand the surface structures of the catalyst and design more active catalysts with reduced environmental impact.
Researchers have discovered a remnant radio galaxy in Abell2065, providing insights into the dying phase of active galaxies. The discovery showcases the capability of upgraded GMRT to detect such objects, shedding light on their dynamics and evolution.
Researchers have designed a novel material that combines the desirable characteristics of chloride solid electrolytes, including high ionic conductivity and deformability. The new electrolyte, Li2ZrCl6, offers a significantly lower raw material cost and improved humidity tolerance than existing alternatives.
The Do IT Study assesses switching from INSTIs and TAF-containing regimens to doravirine-based treatments for weight gain reduction. The study aims to inform better strategies for managing ARV side effects in people living with HIV.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering develop a holistic view for machine learning in healthcare, incorporating data about communities and environments. They introduce a novel approach to understanding fairness relationships using causal inference, synthesizing a means to assess effects of sensitive macro attributes.
A recent study conducted by MIT economists found that increasing nighttime sleep had no positive effects on work productivity, earnings, or overall sense of well-being among low-income workers in Chennai, India. However, short daytime naps did show significant improvements in these areas.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that hospitalized Black patients were diagnosed with aortic stenosis at half the rate of white patients, while Hispanic patients received treatment at a quarter of the rate. The study suggests racial differences may impact heart valve disease risk, highlighting the need for further exploration.
Researchers develop hands-on labs to educate high school students about AI and cybersecurity ethics issues, aiming to increase empathy for vulnerable populations. The project uses functional near-infrared spectroscopy to assess the impact of these labs on brain regions associated with empathy.
A new study published in Geophysical Research Letters suggests that smectites, a type of clay, are the most likely explanation for the bright radar reflections discovered at Mars' south polar cap. The research team used multiple lines of evidence to demonstrate that clays can explain all observations, putting the lake hypothesis on ice.
The KAUST Metagenomic Analysis Platform (KMAP) enables researchers worldwide to analyze massive microbial data, eliminating the need for advanced bioinformatics skills. KMAP allows scientists to identify proteins and enzymes with potential applications in various industries, such as agriculture and pharmaceuticals.
Researchers at New York University created a new type of memory that stores and processes information similar to synapses and neurons in the brain. The device combines the unique properties of quantum materials with spintronic magnetic devices, offering promising advancements in artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing.
A new metric, 'mortality cost of carbon,' quantifies the impact of climate change on human lives. The study finds that current carbon emissions could lead to 83 million excess deaths by 2100, with most fatalities occurring in Africa and South Asia.
Researchers have discovered a new group of patients who are likely to benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy, which has shown unprecedented success in treating BRCA1/2 mutated cancers. The study identified tumours with epigenetic marks that silenced the RAD51C gene, making them sensitive to PARP inhibitors.
A machine learning model predicts new quasicrystals with nearly 71% accuracy, identifying key factors such as electron concentration and chemical composition. The discovery sheds light on the stabilization mechanism of quasicrystals, offering a step towards innovative materials like semiconductor and superconducting quasicrystals.
A recent study published in Nature Geoscience explores past abrupt climate changes and their tipping points. The research, led by Arizona State University scientist Michael Barton, analyzes historic data from sediment cores, dust records, and ice cores to quantify small changes that can lead up to massive changes.
The European Respiratory Society has announced the press registration and program for its upcoming International Congress 2021. Over 4,000 presentations on various lung health topics will be presented during the event.
Researchers discover presumed SARS-CoV-2 viral particles in the human retina of COVID-19 patients. The finding suggests a possible link between the virus and ocular clinical manifestations, highlighting the need for further investigation into the virus's effects on the eyes.
A novel statistical method revealed the importance of climate change in controlling deep-sea biodiversity, with temperature being the primary driver. The study used long-term fossil records and Convergent Cross Mapping to detect causality, supporting evidence that climate change affects deep-sea ecosystems.
A recent study in Cell Stem Cell describes how cells remember past inflammation and use this memory to respond more efficiently to new threats. The phenomenon, known as trained immunity, allows cells to draw on general memories of inflammation to respond broadly.
Researchers found a significant increase in self-reported memory issues among COVID-19 patients with mild disease, compared to controls. Eight months post-infection, the prevalence of memory problems was higher in this group than in untested controls or those with negative test results.
Scientists have discovered how neurotransmitters and proteins interact to trigger neuronal responses in the brain, with implications for understanding mood disorders and addictions. The study reveals small changes in protein connections control cellular responses, enabling precise regulation of neurotransmitter effects.
Despite initial drops in enrollment, cancer clinical trials in the US showed significant resilience during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. Treatment trial enrollments remained remarkably stable, while cancer control and prevention studies were disproportionately affected.
Scientists create biofertilizer made from fast-growing freshwater cyanobacterium Tolypothrix, which can fix nitrogen without additional fertilization. The production process offers a cheap and renewable source of nitrogen-rich fertilizer for degraded soils.
Researchers at Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute characterize an acute marine hypoxic event in the Caribbean, impacting brittlestars and corals. The study reveals a resilient microbial community that adapts to deoxygenation, providing insights into the historical context of such events.
Researchers developed a simple desalination technology harnessing solar energy, increasing efficiency by 280-400% compared to traditional devices. The innovative system produces high volumes of clean water at lower costs, addressing global water scarcity.
A new analysis reveals that deliberate or accidental introductions of invasive species have cost Australia AUD$389.59 billion over the last 60 years. The most costly individual species was feral cats, while the management of invasive plants proved to be the worst offender, costing US$151.68 billion.
Bacteria use lipoproteins, which contain a soft, unstructured 'spaghetti' segment, to protect themselves from invaders. Removing or altering this segment weakens the bacteria, making it an important target for new antibiotic treatments.
Moffitt researchers identify PARP16 as a novel functionally relevant target for talazoparib, which enhances anti-cancer effects in small cell lung cancer and Ewing sarcoma. Combination treatment with talazoparib and adavosertib results in enhanced anti-cancer activity.
Researchers at UIC have received a $725,000 grant to develop an AI system that can help protect US Navy divers from waterborne bacteria, parasites, and other harmful pathogens. The system aims to provide real-time information on water conditions, allowing divers to make informed decisions about their mission.
Researchers studied how dominant and tolerant primate species communicate vocally. They found that more tolerant species use communication to achieve goals, while despotic species rely on aggression. The study, published in Royal Society Open Science, provides insights into the evolution of vocal communication in primates.
A Harvard study found that 20% of diabetes patients with high-deductible health plans reported skipping medications due to cost, compared to 16% in traditional plans. Patients with insulin reliance were 31% more likely to miss medication.
The American Chemical Society's ACS Fall 2021 meeting will feature over 7,000 presentations on various scientific topics. Journalists and public information officers can register for the meeting and access on-demand content.
Researchers have developed a new integrative genetic test, LYNX, that analyzes standard and novel molecular markers in common lymphoid neoplasms. The test provides accurate detection of mutations, identification of large genome-wide chromosomal aberrations, and assessment of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements.
The first research to be simultaneously co-published in an academic journal and on Instagram showcases the meaning and aesthetic value of Mohammed Racim's work, challenging his depiction as backward-looking. Professor William Gallois' research uses high-quality images to present Racim's artistic style, previously under-recorded.
A survey of US and NYC parents found that only 49% planned to vaccinate their youngest child, with vaccine hesitancy linked to education level and income. The study highlights the need for targeted information campaigns to improve vaccination uptake among young children.
Using nearly a decade of satellite data, researchers at CSU have detected the elusive ‘milky seas’ – a rare display of bioluminescence in the ocean. The study reveals that milky seas are not adequately explained by previous hypotheses and proposes new theories for their formation.
A recent call for expanded research into climate change's impact on human-wildlife interactions aims to mitigate conflicts and alert policymakers, experts, and citizens. Climate-related changes in ecosystems and animal behaviors increase contact and competition between people and animals.
Researchers discovered that PIEZO channels in plant cells are located deeper within the cell, in vacuole membranes, not along the plasma membrane as in animal cells. This finding sheds light on how plant cells perceive and respond to mechanical forces.
Astronomers have captured the first-ever spin measurements of HR 8799, revealing minimum rotation speeds of 10.1 km/s and 15 km/s for planets d and e, respectively. The findings provide new insights into planet formation and magnetic braking, hinting at a possible trend where lower mass planets spin faster.
A new study reveals that the domestication of plants and construction of settlements based on agriculture in ancient Japan coincided with periods of relatively warm and stable climate. This challenges the conventional theory that a climatic cooling event drove humans to adopt agriculture.
A study of over 26,000 graves reveals that early medieval Europe's burial transformation was not as simple as a linear trajectory from variable to standardized. Instead, there is significant regional variability and cultural connections between areas like Kent and northern France.
Researchers developed a new screening system to evaluate 'perspective taking' difficulties in autistic adults, using a simple questionnaire and short clips. The tool showed limitations in drawing inferences from stimuli are predictive of individuals' social-behavioural and interpersonal interaction difficulties.
A team of researchers from the University of California, Santa Barbara, has successfully used environmental DNA (eDNA) to measure beta diversity in aquatic environments. The study found that eDNA analysis was more effective than traditional visual surveys in detecting rare and less abundant species.
A virus that infects lepidopteran insects confers protection against parasitic wasps by inhibiting larval development. The discovery of the Parasitoid Killing Factor gene family highlights a novel mechanism of defense against parasites in these insects.
A Wayne State University School of Medicine researcher has been awarded a $2.3 million grant to explore the mechanism by which circadian stress regulates RNA modification associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia. The study aims to shed light on developing therapeutics for lipid-associated metabolic disease.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that consuming millet as part of a daily diet can reduce blood glucose levels by 12-15% and help manage diabetes. The research, which analyzed data from over 1,000 human subjects across 11 countries, also found that millets have a lower glycemic index compared to other grains.