A team of researchers at POSTECH has successfully developed a high-energy-density cathode material that can stably maintain charge and discharge for over 500 cycles without the expensive and toxic Co metal. This breakthrough enables long-distance electric vehicle travel.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki have successfully determined annual changes in genetic ancestry within Finland, tracing migration patterns and effects of 20th-century events. The study uses reference datasets compiled from samples collected in the FINRISK study and provides an interactive map for browsing results.
Researchers have discovered a link between immune cells in the blood and the development of Parkinson's disease. The study found that changes in these immune cells can lead to inflammation and neuronal activity loss in the brain, even before symptoms appear.
The DOE/Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory has predicted a far larger and less damaging heat-load width for the full-power operation of ITER, contradicting previous estimates. The new formula produces a forecast that is over six-times wider than those developed by simple extrapolation.
Researchers have identified the metallic state of Ag nanoclusters during oxidative dispersion, revealing a transitional state at high temperatures. The study used in situ imaging methods to demonstrate the dynamic dispersion and redispersion of supported metal catalysts.
A new study by Oxford Brookes University warns that the legal wildlife trade poses a significant risk of spreading zoonotic diseases, with many diseases originating in animals. The researchers emphasize that monitoring the legal trade is crucial to prevent future pandemics.
The study used thin films of PETN, grown on different surfaces, to determine how surface cleanliness affects film properties. The research team also developed a specialized setup to visualize shock waves using schlieren imaging, which revealed that gaps around the size of a human hair could stop detonations from continuing.
A special issue of Preventive Medicine outlines courses of action to eliminate cervical cancer through HPV vaccination, screening, and treatment. The WHO strategy aims for 90% HPV vaccination coverage, 70% screening coverage, and 90% access to treatment by 2030.
Researchers analyzed ancient human DNA to understand the impact of tuberculosis on European populations. The study found that a specific variant of the TYK2 gene was associated with an increased risk of becoming ill after infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Researchers used an experimental safety switch to curb treatment side effects in a patient with refractory acute B-cell leukemia, achieving a significant reduction in toxicities. The study demonstrates potential for expanded use of CAR-T immunotherapy paired with the safety switch.
A large-scale citizen science project in NC captured over 2.2 million wildlife photos, increasing verified mammal records by a factor of five. The project trained 580 volunteers to take candid animal photos and gathered data on wildlife abundance, reproduction, and behavior.
Scientists have discovered a natural inhibitor of topoisomerases II that can combat fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Nybomycin, a 'reverse antibiotic,' blocks the gyrase enzyme, rendering it effective against strains previously resistant to other antibiotics.
A recent field study conducted by Iowa State University researchers found that wind turbine icing can have a significant impact on power production, with losses reaching up to 80%. The study, which analyzed data from a Chinese wind farm, showed that icing conditions can disrupt blade aerodynamics and lead to reduced energy output.
Researchers at Penn State developed micro-Doppler radars that can accurately classify human gait patterns with greater than 90% accuracy. This technology has the potential to prevent falls and disabilities, detect Parkinson's and dementia, diagnose concussions, and identify musculoskeletal injury risk factors.
Scientists have identified a new cell type, MRC1+ macrophages, involved in chronic pain and inflammation. Stimulating the expression of an anti-inflammatory protein CD163 can reduce neuroinflammation and relieve neuropathic pain.
A research review found that COVID-19 survivors experience a range of neuropsychiatric problems, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. In the short term, patients reported impaired attention and memory issues, while in the long term, affective disorders and fatigue became prevalent.
Researchers at Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science have developed a new technique to control optical nonlinearity in 2D materials. The twistoptics approach enables giant nonlinear optical responses in small volumes, leading to compact laser systems and potential applications in quantum computing, spectroscopy,...
A new study from the University of Washington reveals that people's brains have parallel learning systems for avoiding bad options and finding good ones. The research suggests that being able to 'turn down the volume' on irrelevant signals is critical to complex problem-solving.
A study published in FACETS highlights how misinformation and polarization are eroding conservation efforts worldwide. Researchers found examples of good intentions leading to harm, such as the case of Huemul deer in Patagonia National Park, Chile, where removing domestic livestock led to a decline in deer population.
Measures of kidney function, such as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate, may improve estimates of future cardiovascular disease risk. The addition of these non-traditional risk factors could refine stratification and predict cardiovascular disease more accurately.
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of glycine transporter GlyT1, providing insight into its regulation and potential inhibition. This discovery could lead to effective drugs that inhibit GlyT1 function, with major implications for treating schizophrenia and other mental disorders.
A team of climate scientists has found that the apparent 'Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation' is likely an artifact of climate forcing, specifically from greenhouse gases. Volcanic eruptions in past centuries caused initial cooling and a slow recovery, resulting in a roughly 60-year oscillation.
During the COVID-19 lockdown, pandemic-related anxiety and irregular routines were major drivers of increased nicotine and tobacco use. The study highlights the need for better support for quit attempts and harm reduction policies to address this uptick in tobacco use.
A team of bioethicists and scientists proposes a cautious, stepwise approach to studying human embryos beyond the 14-day limit, potentially unlocking insights into early development disorders and therapies for infertility. The proposed research aims to serve important goals that cannot be adequately met by other means.
A new study examined COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among a large national sample of sexual and gender minority men and transgender women, finding that medical mistrust, social concern, and race were significantly associated with decreased vaccine acceptance. Healthcare provider recommendations and altruistic attitudes were found to be po...
Research finds female-owned farms in the US are more common in areas closer to urban markets and engage in agritourism, offering greater childcare access. Average farm size, annual sales, and types of farm activities also correlate with female participation.
The team has determined the mass of a rocky planet around the nearby star Gliese 486 using MAROON-X's spectrometer. The exoplanet, called Gliese 486 b, is roughly three times the mass of Earth and has a similar density.
Researchers at Max Born Institute observe terahertz radiation from electrons localized in liquid water, displaying a frequency between 0.2 and 1.5 THz. The emission persists for up to 40 ps, with surprisingly weak damping, allowing for potential manipulation.
A new AI tool developed at the University of Gothenburg uses deep learning to analyse microscope images, extracting more details and information than traditional methods. The tool, called Deep Track 2.0, simplifies data generation and allows for real-time analysis and customised information retrieval.
Researchers at UC Riverside identified proteins that bind to small RNAs, loading them into extracellular vesicles and enhancing the delivery of gene-silencing RNAs. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient disease control and aid human therapies.
A recent study published in Emotion found that people tend to produce happy and angry expressions more rapidly, while sad expressions are produced more slowly. The ability to form judgements about people's facial expressions has close links with the speeds at which those expressions are produced.
Local governments' ties with powerful congressional members result in a decrease in stewardship over public resources, contradicting prior studies. This finding highlights the negative effects of political connections on governance and public resource management.
Researchers identified mutant peptides from SARS-CoV-2 that interfere with killer T cell responses, potentially impacting vaccine efficacy. These mutations stunted T cell proliferation, inflammatory factor production, and overall cell-killing activity.
A new sensor can detect RNA and DNA in less than a second, providing a quick way to distinguish between 'healthy' and 'sick' samples. The sensor could be used to measure DNA metabolism and predict rapid infections, potentially improving disease diagnosis and treatment.
A study found that county-level factors, such as demographics and socioeconomic conditions, significantly impact cardiovascular disease death rates among different racial and ethnic groups. Black adults had the highest average death rate, while socioeconomic concerns explained much of the variation in death rates among this population.
A new study reveals that the Anteosaurus, a 260-million-year-old predator, was capable of outrunning and tracking down its prey effectively due to its specialized nervous system and fine-tuned sensory organs. The research found that the animal's brain and balance organs were optimized for hunting swiftly and striking fast.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new generation of tiny, agile drones that can operate in cramped spaces and withstand collisions. The drones use soft actuators to mimic insect flight, allowing them to flap their wings nearly 500 times per second and navigate complex environments with high agility.
A rapid microbiological point-of-care test for respiratory infections has proved popular with GPs and may reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. The study found that clinicians changed the diagnosis in one in five patients following testing and were more certain of the diagnosis after detecting a virus or bacterium.
A global survey found that COVID-19 had a significant impact on childhood cancer care, with 78% of hospitals reporting disruptions. Disruptions included reduced clinical staff, unavailable chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and treatment abandonment.
The introduction of immunization passports may help countries reopen and revitalize their economies while reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2. To implement these passports effectively, governments must establish secure digital immunization records and ensure adherence to international standards.
A study found that alcohol withdrawal rates among hospitalized patients rose 34% during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study, conducted at ChristianaCare, suggests that hospital systems need to screen for and treat alcohol use withdrawal and refer patients for ongoing treatment.
Researchers developed a nanoprinted AI optical circuit that processes information at the speed of light without power consumption. The circuit's neural density is comparable to human brain density, enabling efficient processing of near-infrared inference on CMOS chips.
A new analysis shows that Southern Resident killer whales prey on a variety of fish species throughout the year, including Chinook, steelhead, chum, and coho salmon. The researchers found that the whales' diet becomes less diverse during lean times, highlighting the need for strategies to support their food supply.
A study by Virginia Tech researchers reveals that a specific bacterium in mom's milk can educate an infant's antibody response, potentially strengthening their immune system. The findings suggest that probiotics could be used to protect infants from enteric infections and autoimmune diseases.
A six-year study found minimal impact on physiological response in children wearing daily disposable soft contact lenses, affirming their safety for correcting myopia and slowing its progression. The research also highlights the importance of lens fit, material, and patient habits in ensuring successful wear.
A smartphone app called Harbor teaches young adults how to support their peers who engage in risky substance use behaviors. The app provides prompts and feedback to help users have a supportive conversation without being confrontational or enabling.
A study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya found that students with disabilities accept e-authentication systems but express concerns about technical issues. Key factors influencing acceptance include student familiarity with technology, additional effort required, and perceived intrusiveness.
Researchers have discovered that malignant rhabdoid tumour (MRT) arises from developmental cells in the neural crest whose maturation is blocked by a genetic defect. The study identified two drugs that could be used to overcome this block and resume normal development, bringing hope for new treatments.
A recent analysis found a lack of consensus regarding palliative care referral in dementia patients, highlighting the need for standardized criteria. Specialist palliative care can optimize quality of life and provide relief from symptoms, but its application varies widely.
A study of hundreds of women found that accelerated abdominal fat gain during menopause is associated with increased heart disease risk, regardless of weight changes. Measuring waist circumference may be an early indicator of this risk beyond traditional BMI calculations.
A new COVID-19 screening platform, C19-SPAR-Seq, has been developed to rapidly analyze thousands of samples for variants. The platform boasts a sensitivity rate greater than 95%, making it a crucial tool in the fight against the pandemic.
Researchers estimated emissions from environmentally friendly fireworks and found they produce a much smaller plume with 15-65% PM2.5 reduction. However, peak concentrations exceed WHO guidelines, suggesting restrictions on usage.
Researchers found that trusting a person early on can have benefits over the life of the relationship, even after a violation of that trust. After a significant gap in time between interactions, people tend to be more forgiving and revert back to their initial impression.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists has developed a new way to detect phase transitions in raw data by analyzing its intrinsic dimension, a statistical property that reveals collective properties of partition functions. This method is agnostic and does not require prior knowledge of the system's parameters.
Researchers found that temperature increases led to a decline in pigmentation in flowers, while aridity increased pigmentation, affecting plant-pollinator interactions. The study used historical climate data and flower color descriptions from museum specimens.
The I-Seed project aims to develop intelligent, biodegradable soft robots that mimic plant seeds' behavior to monitor soil and climate parameters. These innovative robots will be used for detecting pollutants, humidity, CO2 levels, temperature, and water quality.
Fungal infections are rare but deadly, with limited treatment options due to resistance. Developing new antifungals is challenging due to biological similarities between humans and fungi.
Researchers from Institute for Systems Biology uncover evidence that mutations generate positive genetic interactions among rare microbial individuals, increasing cooperativity and enabling their persistence. The study also reveals parallel evolution underlying the co-evolution of two organisms in a mutualistic community.
The MDI Biological Laboratory will collaborate with the Maine CDC to test 500 wells from student households in Maine, focusing on arsenic mitigation and data literacy. The grant aims to reduce environmental health hazards and develop tools for effective program evaluation.
Utah researchers identify mutation hotspots and find that approximately 2% of healthy participants had the same mutations as cancer patients. This study provides new insights into the development of blood cancers and may help identify people at risk.