A field experiment in Uganda shows that marketers can increase sales, profits, assets, and employees for small-scale entrepreneurs. The study highlights the positive impact of marketers on business growth in emerging markets.
A new trial shows that immunotherapy drug teplizumab can delay the onset of Type 1 diabetes in people at high risk by an average of five years compared to a placebo. The study, published in Science Translational Medicine, found reduced T-cell damage and improved insulin-producing beta cells in those who received the treatment.
Researchers have identified ezogabine, a drug that opens potassium channels in the brain, as a promising new approach to treating depression. The study showed significant improvements in depressive symptoms and anhedonia in patients with depression.
Researchers have captured detailed images of newborn babies' lungs as they take their first breaths, revealing complex methods of adapting to air-breathing at birth. The study provides clues to improving preterm babies' survival chances and long-term health outcomes.
Top managers in Fantasy Premier League showcase consistent skillful play, outperforming others with strategic decisions. The study's findings highlight the importance of skill over luck in fantasy football success.
Researchers at Osaka City University discover sesaminol protects against neuronal damage and increases dopamine levels in Parkinson's disease models. The study suggests sesaminol may be the first-ever medicine for Parkinson's disease, potentially derived from industrial waste.
Experiences of childhood neglect are associated with increased risk of housing, financial, and food insecurity. The study found a significant link between childhood neglect and violent arrests in adulthood.
A $1.06 million grant has been awarded to LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine to explore a new treatment for Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CPRC). The research focuses on the role of Prostate Derived ETS Transcription Factor (PDEF) in prostate cancer, with the goal of identifying novel targets for intervention.
New research shows that while 64 countries cut fossil CO2 emissions during 2016-2019, the rate of reduction needs to increase tenfold to meet the Paris Agreement aims to tackle climate change. Global emissions grew by 0.21 billion tonnes of CO2 per year during 2016-2019 compared to 2011-2015.
Researchers successfully filmed and restored the 3D structure of nanoparticles that share structural similarities with viruses using X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and machine learning. This breakthrough enables high accuracy and speed imaging of viruses, opening new avenues for understanding their structures.
A review of nearly 28,000 emergency department records found that less than 2% of COVID-19 patients suffered an ischemic stroke. Those who did had a higher risk of requiring long-term care after hospital discharge.
A new study reveals that humans are responsible for a majority of the seasonal surface water storage variability on Earth, accounting for 57% of total changes. Human-managed reservoirs have a significant impact, especially in arid regions where human control surges to 90% and above.
A genomic study of over 500 common dolphins across 1,500 sq km reveals complex population structure and connectivity across state and international jurisdictions. The research emphasizes the importance of inter-jurisdictional collaboration to mitigate fisheries interactions and protect dolphin populations.
Researchers used machine learning to identify different areas of interest on 2D materials, such as doping, strain, and electronic disorder. This automation could significantly accelerate the application of these materials in next-generation energy-efficient computing and smart-phones.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to combat periodontitis by targeting only the bacteria that cause the disease. The approach uses a test substance that attacks glutaminyl cyclase, an enzyme in the bacteria that plays a special role in metabolism.
New research finds that economy-wide rebound effects can erase half of the expected energy and emission savings from improved energy efficiency. The study suggests that climate models fail to adequately capture these rebound effects, which could make achieving Paris Agreement targets harder.
A comprehensive study has been published in Nutrition & Diabetes that provides glycaemic index (GI) values for a variety of non-Western foods. The research aims to widen the application globally and provide ways to reduce GI of carbohydrate-rich staples.
Researchers developed a new optical sensor that mimics the mantis shrimp's eye, enabling simultaneous hyperspectral and polarimetric imaging. The SIMPOL sensor can detect spectral features 10 times narrower than typical sensors, opening doors to organic electronic sensing technologies.
A recent study has identified potential risk factors for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), including age, body mass index (BMI), and low haemoglobin levels. Patients who are older, overweight, or have lower red blood cell counts may be more at risk of developing debilitating nerve damage following chemotherapy.
Delayed injection-site reactions can occur in some patients who received the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine, researchers say. Most symptoms clear up after a week, and completion of the second dose should not be discouraged.
Researchers analyzed hundreds of thousands of geotagged tweets and found a correlation between COVID-19 social distancing messages and reduced local mobility the following day. The study provides evidence for the impact of online discourse on human behavior during the pandemic.
Researchers identified pesticide residues at 100 Swiss farms, including all organic fields, with beneficial microbes' abundance negatively impacted by their occurrence. Organic farming strategies avoid synthetic substances, yet pesticides can persist in the soil.
Researchers have created a boron-containing chemical group that is 10,000 times more stable than its predecessors. This new group, called benzoxaboralone, can be added to compounds to provide desirable attributes such as improved protein-binding strength.
A recent analysis of CMIP6 climate models found that those with high climate sensitivity do not provide a plausible scenario of Earth's future climate. Models with lower climate sensitivity are more consistent with observed differences in temperature between the northern and southern hemispheres.
UK universities are taking steps to reduce emissions from business travel and catering, which contribute significantly to their carbon footprint. Research found that few universities have robust targets to support decarbonization, but many are planning to reduce emissions in these areas.
A study found that COVID-19 survivors experienced frequent and persistent salivary gland ectasia and oral disease, with 83.9% of patients displaying signs of salivary gland ectasia. The study suggests a strong link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and oral disorders.
A team of scientists has identified landfalls of tropical cyclones in Japan for the period from 1877 to 2019, providing valuable knowledge for disaster preparedness. The analysis shows that TC landfall locations tend to shift and annual numbers have been increasing in recent years.
Researchers have discovered that soupfin sharks undergo a triennial migratory cycle and reproductive cycle, returning to the same location every three years. This finding has significant implications for conservation and management of the species in U.S. waters, highlighting the need for revised management strategies.
Researchers found that a half-degree of additional warming would likely create a notably greater danger of fire on continents like the Amazon and African savanna, and around the Mediterranean. Suppressing extra warming could reduce climate-driven extreme fire activities in many places, potentially saving lives and billions of dollars.
A heat-free optical switch developed by KTH researchers can control single photons without generating heat, making it compatible with sensitive single-photon detectors. This technology is crucial for integrating optical switches and photon detectors in a single chip, paving the way for quantum computing and communication advancements.
Researchers identified a single gene, ADCY8, associated with migration in peregrine falcons, which is also linked to long-term memory. The study predicts that climate change may lead to population decline and migration patterns changes in western Eurasian peregrines.
A large-scale trial found that daily albumin infusions provide no significant health benefit to patients hospitalised with advanced liver disease, over and above 'standard care'. The study showed no reduction in infection, kidney dysfunction, or death among patients receiving targeted albumin treatment.
A new study suggests that limiting the numbers of invasive species may be a better goal than eliminating them altogether. The research, led by Stephanie Green, proposes a strategy called functional eradication to curtail the impact of destructive and widespread invasive species.
A new study found that cancer patients who died by suicide were generally older and less likely to have histories of physical and psychiatric problems. These patients were also more likely to communicate about their suicidal intent before death.
A study of over half a million Swedish women found that attending consecutive mammography screens reduces fatal breast cancer incidence by 50% and mortality by 22-33%. Repeated attendance confers greater protection than single-screen attendance, highlighting the importance of regular screening.
A team of researchers from NYU Tandon School of Engineering discovered that popular machine-learning frameworks for protecting sensitive data can be subverted, allowing secret information to be extracted. The study highlights the inadequacy of current privacy checks and warns against relying on untrusted third-party tools.
Scientists at UCL and George Mason University have located the source of potentially hazardous solar particles for the first time, finding they originate from plasma confined close to the top of the Sun's chromosphere. This discovery aims to improve forecasts of solar storms and reduce risks to satellites and electronic infrastructure.
A study by Princeton University researchers suggests that climate change can have both positive and negative effects on different groups. Those harmed by climate change should be compensated first, while those benefiting from it may receive payment afterwards. The approach aims to correct incentives and promote fairness in climate policy.
Researchers have discovered a unique endosymbiotic relationship where a bacterium provides energy to its unicellular host by breathing nitrate, complementing or replacing mitochondrial functions. This finding opens the possibility of simple eukaryotes hosting energy-providing endosymbionts.
Researchers studied ash from volcanic eruptions, discovering premature sedimentation and the rafting effect. These findings will refine forecasting models used by VAACs to predict volcanic ash clouds' impact on aircraft routes.
Researchers analyzed nationwide data to find a strong correlation between kidney stones and osteoporosis or bone fracture diagnoses. The study suggests that bone density screening may be necessary for individuals with kidney stones, particularly middle-aged and older men at risk of osteoporosis or fracture.
Researchers studied the fatigue properties of CrFeCoNi alloy produced by Laser-Powder Bed Fusion technique, revealing improvements in plasticity and extended fatigue life after annealing. The study aims to advance the use of high-entropy alloys in industries and mechanical engineering.
Research using neuroimaging found that white conservatives exhibit higher sensitivity to racial ambiguity in the anterior insula, leading them to overcategorize mixed-race faces as Black. This effect is linked to an affective reaction to racial mixing rather than a sensitivity to Blackness.
A genomics study found that SARS-CoV-2 spreads rapidly in care home settings, with clusters linked to healthcare workers and vulnerable residents. Care home residents were less likely to be admitted to ICU but more likely to die compared to non-care home hospital patients.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new type of control system that allows soft-bodied robots to turn rigid on demand. This advancement could enable robots to combine the strength and precision of rigid robots with the fluidity and safety of soft ones, leading to improved performance in various tasks such as caring for human patients.
Scientists have successfully created a vector beam with an unprecedented 5 degrees of freedom, exceeding the previously reported 2 DoFs. This breakthrough exploits ray-wave duality in a frequency-degenerate laser to generate a non-separable output that combines periodic number, transverse index, oscillating phase, and astigmatic degree.
A new study reveals that four common assumptions about gender are hindering effective policymaking and action on climate change. The review of literature highlights how these narrow diagnoses of gender inequality have counterproductive consequences, such as overburdening women and obscuring vulnerabilities of other groups.
Researchers analyzed camera-trap data from 15 tropical rainforests to find a predictable relationship between mammal communities and plant productivity. The study suggests that unique species are more common in forests with high productivity, allowing them to thrive without intense competition.
Researchers at KIST discovered that red ginseng can significantly suppress lung cancer metastasis, with components Rk1 and Rg5 showing effective inhibition. The study developed a microwave processing method to increase the concentration of these components, leading to potential anti-cancer effects.
Researchers found that warming temperatures intensify future rainfall extremes, with largest increases to short thunderstorms causing dangerous flash flooding. This study highlights the urgent need for climate change adaptation measures as heavier short-term rainfall increases flash flood risks globally.
A new study from China Agricultural University investigates the role of Hsc70-2 protein in virus-host interaction, identifying key amino acids responsible for systemic infection. The research supports a scenario where viral coat protein adaptations ensure better survival and spread among different plant hosts.
Researchers from USTC detected a 'sharp rise' signature in detection rate of BAL variations, leading to ionized gas density determination. They found the detection rate curve could distinguish gaseous components with different densities, optimizing their method measuring gas density by trec.
A comprehensive study combining 27 research studies and 10,000 participant data reveals strong associations between cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive impairment in individuals with schizophrenia. The findings suggest that managing cardiovascular conditions is essential to mitigate cognitive decline in these patients.
A study published in The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry found a significant increase in mental health treatment visits, particularly for substance use and anxiety, during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. This rise is attributed to the challenges posed by shelter-in-place orders and the shift to virtual care.
Analysis of satellite data reveals that humans have a dominant effect on Earth's water cycle, causing 57% of seasonal variability in freshwater storage. Human-managed reservoirs fluctuate by nearly four times more than natural lakes and ponds, affecting regions with high water stress.
A team of genetics researchers found that evolutionary forces drive a gender imbalance in health conditions, with men being more vulnerable to physical and mental health issues. This imbalance is due to the human genome's favoring of different characteristics in males and females, making men more susceptible to various conditions.
Scientists used ICESat-2 to track water level fluctuations in Earth's lakes and ponds over 22 months, finding natural lakes and ponds change by 8.6 inches seasonally, while reservoirs fluctuate nearly quadruple that amount. The study also revealed regional patterns of variability in reservoirs.
Researchers found that small companies receiving their first grant experienced strong revenue growth of an average of 1,000% over two years. This approach may generate better returns for economic development than awarding larger grants to established firms.
Researchers have identified chickpea varieties with natural resistance to Pythium ultimum, a soil-born water mold threatening the crop's production. These resistant varieties will be used to breed new kabuli chickpea varieties with improved disease resistance.
A new study suggests a potential link between blood group A and COVID-19 infection, with the SARS-CoV-2 virus preferring to bind to the A antigen found on respiratory cells. The study's findings could provide insight into how coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2 interact with different blood types.