A randomized controlled trial in Kenya showed a single dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was highly effective at 18 months, with efficacy comparable to multiple doses. The findings could hasten vaccinations and bring renewed energy to global efforts to eliminate cervical cancer.
The CDC's four-tiered vaccine prioritization strategy outperformed most approaches in reducing deaths and cases, while some optimizations could improve outcomes. The study found that prioritizing healthcare workers and individuals under 16 was optimal, but strategies focusing on comorbidities were also effective.
A recent study published in Hypertension suggests that adolescent arterial stiffness may increase the risk of systolic and diastolic hypertension by 20% and 2-fold, respectively, seven years later. Higher arterial stiffness levels were also associated with an increased risk of abdominal and whole-body obesity.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a new approach to modify the surface of copper catalysts, improving the conversion of carbon dioxide into useful fuels. The technique involves coating the copper with thin films of ionomers, which steer the reaction towards generating carbon-rich products.
A Dartmouth study found that the stratified approach to statistical modeling in health services research can lead to inaccurate conclusions about disparities and inequities in healthcare. Joint modeling, on the other hand, provides a more accurate estimate of physician treatment patterns across different patient types.
A Henry Ford Health System study published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine found that a novel opioid-free pain management protocol provided the same pain relief for patients as common types of prescription opioids. This approach aims to reduce opioid misuse and promote more effective pain management after ACL knee reconstruc...
An international research team led by Jennifer L. Schaefer has analyzed the potential of magnesium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolytes in two separate battery systems. The study found that these electrolytes exhibit higher thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical stability compared to traditional liquid electrolytes, making them ...
A new study of 25 years of recalls at publicly traded companies found that newly tenured CEOs are more likely to announce a product safety recall. The study also reveals that once CEOs have been in their role for about three years, they are more likely to allow recalls to go unannounced.
A research team found that combining human and AI predictions yields more accurate results, especially in atypical cases with unknown factors. Human analysis can fill gaps in big data, leading to better collective predictions.
Researchers developed an automated technique to search for simulation configurations that lead to severe problems in automated driving systems, excluding unlikely scenarios. The technique efficiently discovers situations with high acceleration and steering operation, increasing the significance and efficiency of testing.
Researchers use edible fungus to convert fruit waste into wild strawberry aroma. The fungus produces compounds geraniol and 2-aminobenzaldehyde, contributing to the scent. The team's innovative method could provide a natural flavoring agent for foods.
A new Northwestern University study has uncovered how herpes virus hijacks a protein to travel into the peripheral nervous system, potentially leading to long-needed vaccine development. The discovery may have implications for other viruses like HIV and SARS-CoV-2.
A team of UB researchers, led by Cristian Cañestro and Alfonso Ferrández-Roldán, have deciphered a new evolutionary scenario that sheds light on the evolution of our phylum. By studying the gene loss in appendicularian tunicates, they revealed that massive losses of genes eased the transition to a free pelagic lifestyle.
Researchers from The University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science used computer simulations to study the aging mechanism that can cause an amorphous glassy material to turn into a crystal. By removing tiny irregularities in local densities, they found that it prevents atomic avalanches that trigger ordered structure formation.
Young veterans with mTBI experience premature cognitive decline in specific domains, matching elder normative scores and early-stage Parkinson's patients. The study highlights the significant negative impact of mTBI on cognitive function compared to healthy non-veterans.
Researchers at Hebrew University of Jerusalem discover a 'disrupted' state in bacteria that resists current antibiotics, requiring new pharmacological agents to combat. The breakthrough model predicts bacterial population responses to treatments, offering avenues for better treatments against cancer cells.
Research in Japan found a link between financial knowledge, age, and gender, suggesting potential policy targets to improve financial health. While men had higher financial literacy, women reported more sound financial behaviors, indicating that policies may need to focus on supporting women's financial decision-making.
A genetic study of the White-crowned Manakin has found that there may be far more avian species in the tropics than previously thought. The bird's diverse populations are thought to have evolved independently over time, with significant consequences for conservation efforts.
A survey study of 400 parents and 80 clinicians found that nearly one-quarter of parents reported challenges in the therapeutic relationship with their oncologist, highlighting the need for improvement strategies. Clinicians used these strategies more frequently when they experienced relationship difficulties.
A new study shows that older adults with mild dementia can improve their daily task completion using digital voice recorder apps and reminder apps. Greater usage of these apps is associated with better memory and greater improvements in activities of daily living.
Researchers have identified two new rare genetic variants associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, which likely affect the CHEK2 gene. These variants may contribute to the condition's impact on fertility and metabolic disorders, offering a potential target for further investigation.
A research team analyzed seismic noise recorded over the last decade to better understand volcanic processes at Campi Flegrei. They found that directionality loss in noise data indicates the migration of deep fluids towards the eastern caldera, which triggers earthquakes.
A study found that long-term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of developing COVID-19 symptoms, especially among older men and those living in poverty. However, no association was found between infection and exposure to air pollutants.
Researchers have identified compounds that interfere with fungal enzymes required for fatty acid synthesis, potentially overcoming resistance to current treatments. These compounds show promise as antifungal agents, effective even against drug-resistant strains of fungi.
Researchers found that cerebral palsy patients with low muscle mass often have inaccurately calculated kidney function, leading to missed diagnoses of advanced kidney disease. This association increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in this population.
Experts debate whether newborn genome sequencing should be routine, with some arguing it can save lives and be cost-effective. A phased rollout is advocated, with genomic information disclosed sequentially at appropriate ages. The rollout requires data quality improvement and informed consent.
A new study by Royal Holloway University of London found that glyphosate has no significant effect on bumble bee mortality, reproduction, or sucrose consumption. The research also suggests that the pesticide does not make parasite infections more intense at environmentally realistic concentrations.
Researchers have developed fish-shaped microrobots that can guide themselves to cancer cells using magnets, where a pH change opens their mouths to release chemotherapy. The microrobots demonstrate promising capabilities for targeted cancer treatment, but need further improvements in size and tracking methods.
A NASA-led study tracks changes in atmospheric ammonia concentrations in Africa from 2008 to 2018, revealing rises and falls in ammonia emissions linked to agricultural activities. The research highlights the need for sustainable agriculture practices to mitigate the impact of growing populations on food security.
Many older adults plan extended trips, considering COVID-19 cases at their destination. Vaccinated adults face a lower risk of severe infection compared to unvaccinated peers. Most respondents would make necessary preparations for travel, such as bringing enough medications and medical supplies.
Researchers developed a photocatalytic oxidative reforming process to convert bio-polyols into CO under ambient conditions. The Z-scheme catalyst structure facilitated adsorption and activation of dioxygen, promoting hydroxyl radicals and enhanced CO production rate.
A commentary by Mayo Clinic researchers emphasizes the importance of addressing bias in biomedical research funding to improve diversity and equity. The authors note that underfunding and lack of opportunities for minority clinicians and researchers exacerbate health disparities, highlighting the need for inclusive funding decisions.
Patients with atrial fibrillation are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 complications, including hospitalization and cardiovascular events. The study found a significant increase in mortality rates among those with a history of atrial fibrillation compared to the general population.
A Rutgers study found that maternal depression in the year following childbirth is associated with increased risk of short-term and long-term household economic insecurity. Women who experienced depression were more likely to be unemployed and experience financial hardship up to 15 years later.
A study of 18 COVID-19 patients found that SARS-CoV-2 damages lung tissue by preventing repair and generating healthy tissue, leading to conditions like diffuse alveolar damage. The data may help develop new therapeutics and inform treatment strategies for high-risk patients.
Researchers developed a technology that accurately detects lies by analyzing facial muscle contractions, achieving a success rate of 73%. The study identified two distinct groups of 'liars' based on cheek muscle and eyebrow activation, with potential implications for real-life deception detection.
A new study found that stable routines including exercise, hobbies, and face-to-face contact helped maintain a good mood during the pandemic. However, excessive screen time and social media usage had negative effects on participants' moods.
A new study analyzing 136 ancient Iberian genomes uncovers a genetic mix of local Chalcolithic ancestry and incoming steppe-related ancestry, with additional signals from the Mediterranean and Asia. The data suggests a structured social organization and early state-like formations during the Copper Age to Bronze Age transition.
A research team has identified a subset of cerebellar neurons that signal satiation after eating, leading to reduced food intake in mice. The findings suggest a novel target for therapies that could curb overeating and obesity.
A recent study by James Godwin, Ph.D. has identified the liver as a primary reservoir for pro-regenerative macrophages essential to limb regeneration in axolotls. The research paves the way for regenerative medicine therapies in humans, potentially treating diseases like heart and lung disease with scar-free healing.
Researchers at TRIUMF's IRIS group have discovered an unexpected deformation in the nucleus of helium-8, which challenges current understanding of nuclear shell dynamics. The study provides a unique energy fingerprint of the reaction products, revealing a significant deformation in the arrangement of outer neutrons.
Researchers have developed a highly active and stable nickel-carbon catalyst for the light-driven methanation of CO2, converting it into methane with high efficiency. The new catalyst, named Ni@C, demonstrated a high rate of conversion and selectivity under artificial UV, visible, and IR light.
A new study published in Communications Biology found a significant connection between visual gaze and motor skills learning, as participants learned to make stone tools through video training. The researchers discovered that the connection evolved over time, with certain phases of learning being more closely tied to gaze patterns.
Concordia researcher Seth Wynes estimates that permanent adoption of lockdown-era schedules could cut carbon dioxide emissions from team travel by 22%, reducing overall annual emissions. Implementing these changes could also have co-benefits, such as reduced injuries and improved player rest.
The Resist-Accept-Direct framework offers three pathways for managers to respond to ecological transformation: resisting, accepting, or directing change. The framework has been developed by natural resource managers and ecologists to guide decision-making in the face of intensifying global change.
A new Northwestern Medicine study reveals that smokers are more likely to die from cardiovascular disease than lung cancer. Smokers are at risk of fatal heart attacks, strokes, or heart failure without warning signs.
Researchers emphasize the need for monitoring drinking water for HIV medications, as they can contaminate rivers and streams through wastewater. The lack of regulation on pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants poses a significant challenge in ensuring safe drinking water.
A team of researchers at the University of Copenhagen has identified a group of proteins, called CURT1, that control the development of green leaves in plants. This discovery sheds new light on photosynthesis, which is essential for life on Earth and could lead to more efficient CO2 absorption.
A fasting-mimicking diet was found to be safe and biologically active in cancer patients, with potential benefits for modulation of metabolism and enhancement of antitumor immunity. The study demonstrated significant reductions in blood glucose and growth factor concentrations, as well as enhancements in intratumor T-cell infiltration.
Researchers develop new technique DASP, which uses spherical viscoelastic bio-ink particles to create porous 3D structures. The technology has the potential for human islet transplantation to treat type 1 diabetes.
The research team developed a technology for remotely assessing the condition of a building during an earthquake based on the readings from the building's seismometer. The new method uses CNN machine learning to quickly assess damage levels and determine if a building can continue to be used.
A retrospective study suggests disulfiram, a treatment for alcoholism, reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence by 34% and COVID-19 deaths by 3%. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the findings and understand the mechanism of action.
A novel gene therapy has shown sustained expression of clotting factor VIII, leading to a reduction or complete elimination of bleeding events in patients with hemophilia A. The trial demonstrated improved production of coagulation factor VIII over prolonged periods.
Scientists have created a reversible shape memory ceramic material by combining different phases, overcoming the brittleness of traditional ceramics. This breakthrough has potential applications in high-temperature or corrosive environments, enabling new ferroelectric ceramics that can generate electricity from small temperature differ...
Researchers found that children who were described as calm tended to play calmly, while active toddlers played actively, regulating their negative feelings. Toddlers also learned distraction strategies by observing adults playing while waiting, regardless of the adult's temperament.
A UC study found that Ohioans consider various factors beyond distance and cost when selecting an abortion clinic, including personal experiences, online reviews, and clinic type. The research highlights the importance of social myths and risk perception in shaping choices about abortion care.
The University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute is upgrading its storage facilities to safeguard its massive mammal specimen collection. The $646,000 project will replace old wooden cabinets with modern stainless steel cases and aluminum drawers, ensuring the long-term preservation of over 279,000 specimens dating back to 1866.
Researchers conclude that nitrous oxide's effect on the ozone layer raises the social cost of this gas by 20 percent, impacting human health and plant life. Improving accuracy could spur nations to more aggressively address climate change and influence policy decisions.
Researchers have developed genetically modified plants that can produce and release insect sex pheromones to combat herbaceous plant pests. These plants, called pheromone biofactories, can create sexual confusion in pest males, reducing population growth and pest control needs.
Scientists from Okayama University have identified the genes that cause pesticide sensitivity in sorghum, a superfood grain. The study reveals that these genes are involved in plant defense mechanisms and could help develop crops that can be grown safely with organophosphate treatment.
Researchers from Australian National University warn that Australia's hydrogen strategy lacks distinction between green and blue hydrogen, which could increase emissions. Large-scale investment in fossil fuel-based hydrogen with carbon capture technology may be risky due to substantial fugitive emissions.
Scientists at the University of Bath have developed a new method for synthesizing primary amines, used in over half of all pharmaceuticals, significantly reducing energy usage and chemical waste. This breakthrough aims to speed up drug discovery by making it easier to synthesize new chemical structures for testing.
Research reveals AI recommendation tools can lead to a 'information cocoon' effect, where customers see only what they want to see, negatively impacting purchasing decisions. This phenomenon is particularly concerning in e-commerce, highlighting the need for consumers to take independent purchasing decisions.
A survey of parents and caregivers of children with cancer revealed that nearly a third expressed hesitation to vaccinate against COVID-19. Factors associated with willingness or hesitancy included confidence in science, medicine, and vaccination, as well as concerns about infection risks and vaccine safety.
A new study using methane stable isotopes and thousands of emissions scenarios confirms that agricultural emissions are the primary driver of atmospheric methane increases. Human activities account for 60% of global methane emissions, with significant contributions from agriculture, landfills, and oil and gas industries.
Infants who contract cytomegalovirus (CMV) before age 12 months are at a significantly higher risk of developing TB later in their childhood. The study found that babies infected with CMV were more than three times more likely to develop TB after age 1 than children who had not become infected with CMV.
Researchers developed EDS-HAT, an AI-powered system combining machine learning and whole genome sequencing to detect clusters of similar infections in real-time. The system identified 99 clusters of infections and prevented potential transmissions in 65.7% of cases, saving the hospital $692,500.
A massive multi-site study reveals that incontinence and IAD are associated with significantly higher healthcare costs, longer hospital stays and poorer patient outcomes. Incontinent patients have a 4.7 times greater risk of sacral pressure injuries compared to continent patients.
A Medicare claims data analysis revealed that TAVR programs in major metropolitan areas struggle to serve disadvantaged populations. Zip codes with higher proportions of Black and Hispanic patients had significantly lower rates of TAVR compared to more affluent neighborhoods.
A new study found that preadolescent endurance runners who experience weight loss, have a history of bone stress injury, or follow a vegetarian diet are more likely to use dietary supplements. The study discovered that supplement use was associated with lower food intake and energy deficiency.
The article highlights the dangers of biological contamination from space travel, citing examples of bacteria resistant to ionizing radiation and disinfectants found in NASA 'clean rooms'. Researchers propose the use of invasion science to address this threat, leveraging insights on epidemiology, rapid evolution, and early detection.
A team of researchers at the University of Rhode Island found that different types of phytoplankton respond differently to warming ocean temperatures. The study suggests that their growth rates and distribution patterns will be dissimilar, resulting in significant implications for future marine communities.
A functional precision medicine study demonstrates that treatment selection based on results from drug sensitivity testing can be clinically useful in patients with aggressive hematological cancer. The approach combines deep molecular profiling with comprehensive drug sensitivity testing to advance the therapy decision-making system.
A study by Anglia Ruskin University has identified potentially dangerous Pseudomonas bacteria in 21% of wild bird faeces collected from locations near the River Cam. The bacteria, which can be passed on to humans through cross-contamination, were resistant to multiple antibiotics.
Toddlers increased their use of distraction as a mechanism to calm themselves after observing others. Toddlers also benefited from observing both calm and active distraction strategies, regardless of temperament or play preferences. Observing strangers can help toddlers develop emotional regulation skills.
A new study published in Autism highlights the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children diagnosed before 2.5 years old showed considerable improvements in core social symptoms compared to those diagnosed later in life. Early intervention is critical, emphasizing the need for u...
A new UCI study links rising temperatures to higher blaze risk in the Sierra Nevada, predicting a 50% increase in wildfires by 2040. The research analyzes daily temperature spikes and finds that each 1 degree Celsius rise increases fire risk by 19-22%
Machine learning enables better understanding of climate-induced hazards, predicting floods and landslides with high accuracy. The technology combines diverse data sources to assess risk extent, considering both triggering hazards and socio-economic vulnerability.
Research suggests that high stress levels in pregnant women are associated with increased cortisol responses in infants. However, sensitive caregiving by mothers after birth can mitigate these effects. The study's findings highlight the importance of postnatal interventions to support children whose mothers experienced prenatal adversity.
The Zinc Status Index is a new evaluation method developed by Cornell food scientists that uses biomarkers to calculate the physiological status of a subject. It aims to provide a comprehensive assessment tool for zinc deficiency, which affects over 1 billion people worldwide.
Scientists from UCLA develop a do-it-yourself radiative cooler using household materials, achieving moderate to large temperature drops. The design's reproducibility and low cost make it an attractive standard for research settings.
A new study documents that observable social-communication differences for infants with ASD unfold by 9 months, pointing to a critical window for targeted intervention. Infants with ASD exhibit significantly fewer social and early speech skills than their typically-developing peers at 9 months of age.
A new study found that stroke survivors are more likely to continue cigarette smoking than cancer survivors, putting them at higher risk for subsequent strokes and heart disease. Researchers recommend developing robust smoking cessation programs for stroke patients similar to those offered to cancer patients.
Researchers assessed hospital policies to address sexual harassment of physicians by patients, highlighting inconsistencies and areas for improvement. The study aims to inform evidence-based practices to create a safer healthcare environment.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a new high-resolution camera that can see hidden objects by indirectly scattering coherent light. The device overcomes limitations of existing NLoS imaging technologies with high spatial and temporal resolution, small probing area, and large angular field of view.
Researchers from the University of Chicago used cryo-electron microscopy to study protein degradation in yeast, describing the structure of a key enzyme involved in ubiquitination. The study provides new insights into the process and its potential role in human diseases such as aging and neurodegeneration.
Researchers develop a new method for characterizing thermal transport properties at the nanoscale, enabling visualization of temperature distribution and molecular interactions. This breakthrough paves the way for advanced nanodevices and deeper understanding of materials.
A study of nearly 500,000 Medicare patients with long-term dialysis revealed COVID-19 risk factors and associated mortality rates. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to protect vulnerable populations.
A study revealed that over half of primary care providers offered telehealth services, while specialists did so at lower rates. The use of telehealth services increased access to care for patients affected by COVID-19.
Researchers used mutant mice to study meiosis, which forms eggs and sperm, revealing that breaks in DNA can lead to unanticipated types of harmful mutations. The study found that when there are too many double-strand breaks, they may not be repaired properly, leading to potentially severe mutations.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered a new group of small antibacterial compounds that inhibit the formation of bacterial cell walls, showing promise against antibiotic-resistant strains. The molecules work by binding to lipid II, a crucial molecule for bacterial cell wall construction.
A new study analyzing ancient Iberian genomes uncovers genetic shifts and social transformations during the Copper Age to Bronze Age transition. The data suggests that incoming steppe-related ancestry mixed with local Iberian Chalcolithic ancestry, but the paternally inherited Y chromosome lineages show a complete turnover.
Research using ring-tailed lemurs shows that fecal microbiota transplants can stabilize and restore a healthy gut microbiome after antibiotic use. The study confirms the effectiveness of this ancient treatment for reducing the negative effects of antibiotics on the gut, which can cause severe diarrhea and abdominal pain.
A new study published in Gut Microbes found that exercise intervention reduced pain and lowered inflammatory substances in people with arthritis. Exercise increased levels of cannabis-like substances called endocannabinoids, which may help treat certain conditions.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that smoking may be the first sign of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in some individuals. The research, which analyzed data from nine long-term cohort studies, discovered that fatal or non-fatal heart attacks and strokes were more common among smokers, particula...
Acetobacterium woodii bacteria can efficiently metabolize CO2 into formate, providing a sustainable alternative to oil-based products. This process can be genetically modified to produce ethanol or lactic acid, enabling the recycling of CO2 and carbon monoxide.
Iowa State University researchers validated the CDC's COVID-19 vaccine rollout strategy, which prioritized frontline essential workers, older age groups, and individuals with underlying health factors. The model showed that this approach was highly effective in curbing mortality while keeping case numbers at bay.
A new study found that children with persistent, distressing PLEs show impaired cognition, higher levels of psychopathology, and delayed developmental milestone achievement compared to those without these experiences. The researchers highlight the need for early intervention and support for youth who report these experiences.
A study from the University of Illinois examines how spatial proximity affects relationship dynamics in older adult couples. The researchers found that when partners are close to each other, their heart rates synchronize in a lead-lag relationship, indicating a complex interplay between physiological responses and interaction patterns.
A new protocol has been developed to identify potential false-positive COVID-19 results, particularly in asymptomatic non-exposed individuals. The method involved retesting all positive results from such patients, revealing 20 out of 288 initial positives to be false positives.
Children of depressed parents are more likely to develop depression and poor academic performance, according to a new study published in PLOS ONE. The study found that both maternal and paternal depression have significant effects on children's mental health and educational outcomes.
A study of 8-12 year olds reveals that media multitasking is associated with worse mental health outcomes, while videogaming shows a positive correlation. The research highlights the importance of balancing screen time with other activities for children's overall well-being.
A new study found that low energy diets with formula meal replacements are the most effective methods for weight management and remission in adults with type 2 diabetes. Formula meal replacements achieved greater weight loss compared to food-based low-energy diets.
Osaka University researchers developed an ultra-thin film of magnetite with superior crystallinity and conductive properties, overcoming challenges in spintronics technology. The discovery enables the film to undergo a temperature-dependent resistivity change, crucial for implementation in quantum computing technologies.
A review by Abbott researchers highlights five HMOs in breast milk that may provide support for digestive health, the immune system and cognitive development. The study suggests these five core Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) could help influence overall brain health due to their impact on the gut-brain axis.
Researchers discovered a graphene-like material called magnetene that exhibits ultra-low friction, contrary to predictions based on Van der Waals forces. Quantum effects play a crucial role in its behavior, making it suitable for use in micro-electro-mechanical systems and implantable devices.
Researchers developed a novel model to identify specific genes and genetic alterations in multiple myeloma, stratifying the cancer's severity via DNA and RNA sequencing. This model revealed diverse subtypes and high-risk patients beyond current classifications.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that felsic volcanism in South China drove the end-Permian mass extinction, with extreme elemental copper enrichment and light isotopic compositions indicating large-scale eruptions near the studied outcrops. This finding strengthens the case against the Siberian Traps as the sole trigger f...
A clinical trial found that long-term weight loss was similar for those who received 5:2 diet or standard weight management advice, with 18% and 15% of participants losing at least five per cent of their body weight. However, the 5:2 diet group was more likely to recommend the intervention to others or continue with it.
A team of scientists has identified a new force behind the past mass extinction event, finding that volcano eruptions produced a 'volcanic winter' that drastically lowered earth's temperatures. This change added to the environmental effects resulting from other phenomena at the time.
Handwashing, mask wearing, and physical distancing are effective in reducing COVID-19 incidence, with a 53% reduction seen with mask wearing and a 25% reduction with physical distancing. However, more stringent measures like lockdowns need further assessment to weigh their potential negative effects on general populations.
The HEALthy Brain and Child Development study will enroll 7,500 pregnant mothers and their infants at 25 US sites. The findings will provide insight into how environmental exposures, such as poverty and maternal stress, affect brain development from birth to age 10.
Researchers at Penn State have found that the conventional wisdom about the relationship between domain size and piezoelectricity in ferroelectric materials is not always correct. In contrast to existing data suggesting smaller domains lead to higher piezoelectricity, this new study shows larger domain sizes can actually result in bett...
A team of scientists, including Dr Phill Cassey, are calling for greater recognition of the biosecurity risks ahead of the space industry. The research highlights the potential for 'alien organisms' to survive the journey and cause invasive species threats.
A study suggests that affordable plastic shields can substantially reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection for passengers on motorcycle taxis. The research found that a shield between the driver and passenger blocks particles and alters airflow, eliminating airborne exposure.
Physicists at the University of Stuttgart have developed a novel computer simulation strategy using a virtual fluid that allows for the calculation of electrostatic interactions within any material. This approach enables the study of wetting transitions and phase transitions of ionic liquids at metal surfaces, shedding light on unusual...
Researchers discovered that the majority of people worldwide exhibit the 'bouba/kiki effect', matching sounds with shapes, regardless of language or writing system. This finding suggests that iconic vocalisations may form a global basis for creating new words.
Researchers have discovered a protein called CPEB4 that plays a key role in diet-induced obesity. Blocking CPEB4 expression in mice protected them from weight gain, inflammation, and improved their microbiome health. The findings could lead to new treatments for diet-induced obesity and its associated cancer risks.
Researchers developed a predictive model that maps electric activity of mouse, rabbit, and human cardiac cells, allowing translation of findings across species. The model is expected to accelerate drug development and improve understanding of disease mechanisms.
Scientists design a special metamaterial that achieves 'zero index' with infinite effective spatial wavelength, overcoming limitations of short spatial wavelength in the optical regime. DCZIMs offer advantages over other mechanisms, including no ohmic losses and scalable fabricating using standard planar processes.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute have uncovered how ExoY toxin becomes activated in human cells by binding to actin filaments, leading to devastating enzymatic activity. This discovery sheds light on a crucial molecular mechanism that underlies the pathogenicity of various toxins.
The American Thoracic Society has published a clinical practice guideline on the use of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) to guide asthma treatment. The guideline recommends using FeNO in addition to usual care for patients with asthma whose treatment is being considered, suggesting this may be eligible for the measurement.
The CDI laboratory has identified a complex natural pathway that melanoma hijacks to metastasize. The pathway centers around the silencing of bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6), leading to abnormal cell signaling and increased cancer cell motility.
Researchers at the University of Trento discovered brain cells acting as a compass for navigating conceptual spaces, similar to those found in physical environments. These 'head-direction cells' signal direction even when movement occurs in abstract spaces, suggesting a complementary mechanism for conceptual navigation.
Scientists at UNC-Chapel Hill and UC San Francisco identified two receptors, MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX4, involved in itching. The researchers created high-resolution maps of these complex receptor proteins when bound to compounds causing itchiness, providing a template for designing new anti-itch medications.