Researchers aim to shift policing focus from law enforcement to building strong communities through situational policing. The approach considers connections within the community and collaboratively builds resources.
Researchers found that individuals with high allostatic load, a measure of chronic stress, were 2.4 times more likely to die from cancer than those with low loads. Adjusting for age, sex, and race, the risk increased to 28% for those with high allostatic load.
A groundbreaking trial at UC Davis Health has successfully treated three babies with spina bifida using a stem cell treatment combined with fetal surgery. The procedure shows promise in improving mobility and reducing the severity of the birth defect, which affects 1,500 to 2,000 children in the US every year.
Researchers uncover previously unknown lineage of wild goats over 10,000 years old in the Taurus Mountains of southern Turkey. The discovery sheds light on the region's faunal history and highlights the impact of climate change and human activity on ancient populations.
The Northern New Jersey Traumatic Brain Injury System will provide ongoing care and research, aiming to improve learning and memory impairment in TBI patients. The system's site-specific study will examine the impact of aerobic exercise training on managing new learning and memory impairment.
A study found impairments in the prefrontal cortex-habenula circuit, critical for regulating executive functions and reward, in people with cocaine or heroin addiction. The circuit's microstructural features were analyzed using diffusion MRI tractography, revealing reduced coherence in white matter fibers.
A team of researchers has developed a novel technique using high-energy muon particles to track and visualize tropical cyclones. This technique, called muography, creates X-ray-like images of large objects, including atmospheric weather systems. The resulting images reveal density variations essential to understanding how cyclones work.
The study highlights the unique characteristics of coastal lagoon ecosystems in the Arctic Beringia Region, including the importance of seasonal channels connecting to the Chukchi Sea. Climate change and human development affecting these channels could have disproportionate negative impacts on lagoon ecosystems.
The study found that countries with strong institutions to absorb political opposition and compensate constituents are more successful at pioneering cleaner energy technologies. Countries like California and Germany have created insulation mechanisms, while others, like the US, rely on market-driven transitions.
Researchers found that liver cells cannot undergo necroptosis, a form of cell death previously thought to drive liver diseases. This revelation points to a new therapeutic intervention strategy and resolves crucial unanswered questions in the field.
The European farming community supports multiple cropping systems and sustainable management practices to reduce environmental impact. Key strengths include minimal tillage, plant cover, and rotations, while barriers include limited training in intercropping and profitability concerns.
Researchers discovered a cellular decision-making mechanism in dormant bacterial spores that operates even in physiologically inactive cells. The spores can sense harsh environmental conditions and release dormancy when conditions become favorable, triggered by an electrochemical-state switching mechanism similar to neurons.
A recent study by Estonian researchers found that a third COVID-19 vaccine dose significantly increases antibody levels and T cell responses, providing longer protection against the Omicron variant. After six months, antibody levels were still on average six times higher than after the second dose.
A new study by Jean Lacroix found that the Voting Rights Act of 1965 halved instances of actual political violence and reduced the likelihood of new waves of violence. In counties covered by the act, citizens voted to voice their views, leading to a change in political strategies rather than policy changes.
A recent study analyzed Neandertal DNA associations with various brain disorders and traits, including sleep patterns, smoking habits, and alcohol use. The research found that certain archaic genetic variants may have conferred benefits in the past, but their impact on human behavior is complex and influenced by modern environments.
A new study reveals that different SCLC subtypes have specific molecular characteristics, leading to varying responses to cancer treatment. The research provides a basis for developing targeted and personalized treatment approaches tailored to each subtype.
Researchers at UCI School of Biological Sciences and Medicine found that the adult brain can partially recover visual function from inherited blindness. The treatment, administering synthetic retinoids, restored brain circuits involved in vision in adults with Leber congenital amaurosis.
A simple symptom-based screening tool, Childhood Asthma Risk Tool (CHART), predicts asthma risk in children as young as two years old. With 91% accuracy, CHART identifies high-risk kids and recommends follow-up actions to prevent hospitalizations.
Researchers at KAUST have developed ultrathin polymer-based ordered membranes that simultaneously exhibit high water flux and high salt rejection. The membranes display excellent performance in both forward and reverse osmosis configurations, surpassing those containing advanced materials like carbon nanotubes and graphene.
Historical case studies reveal three major energy transition paths: insulation, compensation, and market-driven approaches. These paths influence the pace of clean energy adoption and inform targeted policy interventions.
A large observational study in Brazil found that mRNA boosting offers considerably better protection against COVID-19 than inactivated CoronaVac boosting, particularly among elderly individuals. The findings have immediate implications for guiding boosting strategies in countries where most of the population received inactivated vaccines.
Researchers have discovered two genes contributing to a paradoxical drug effect in Aspergillus fumigatus, a fungus that causes deadly infections. The findings could lead to the development of new treatments and improve patient outcomes.
Research reveals myxoma virus in rabbits has regained its deadly nature, sparking concerns about human viruses like SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests that viruses don't always evolve to become milder, and monitoring is crucial to stay ahead of emerging variants.
Nanoscope Technologies received a $1.5M NIH SBIR grant to develop gene-agnostic glaucoma therapy utilizing Engineered Mechanosensitive Channels (EMCs). EMCs can autonomously regulate pressure, offering a novel approach to treating Glaucoma.
Researchers found pelagic seabirds fly into the eye of a storm to reduce risk of injury or death. The birds' unique flight style allows them to navigate strong winds.
Researchers have created atomic-level 3D models using 'atom probe tomography' to study the effects of tiny amounts of substances on semiconductor materials. This allows for better understanding of material properties and potential applications in sustainable technology.
The USC COMPASS program aims to recruit and support students from historically underrepresented backgrounds to pursue careers in regenerative medicine. Scholars will receive a minor in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, as well as paid summer internships and mentorship opportunities.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a biosensing technology to detect amyloid β build-up in the brain from biomarkers in blood samples. The Digital ICA TM technology can detect Aβ-binding exosomes in mice, increasing with age and disease progression.
The National Cancer Institute grants Moffitt Cancer Center a five-year, $3.7 million grant to develop digital tools and community outreach strategies to increase education on clinical trials and enrollment among Black and Hispanic patients and physicians in the Tampa Bay area. The goal is to improve health equity by ensuring trial demo...
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have discovered a new method for reprogramming scar tissue cells into healthy heart muscle cells, using the protein Ascl1 and its partner Mef2c. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases.
Scientists have developed a prototype circuit board made of a sheet of paper with fully integrated electrical components, making it easy to dispose of responsibly. The new design uses wax and ink to print channels, conductive inks, and metal components onto the paper, creating a flexible and thin device that can be burned or degraded.
Researchers in China designed a strategy to improve zinc-air battery performance by combining two transition metals, atomic iron and nickel, which deliver high electrocatalytic activity. The resulting rechargeable batteries achieve high peak power density, working rates, and long lifespan.
A study found that very light exercise activates brain pathways leading to improved mood and cognitive function. Researchers used pupillometry, a reliable indicator of arousal, to measure pupil dilation during graded exercise.
A Phase I/II study found tofacitinib effective in improving skin and organ issues in systemic sclerosis patients. The drug was well-tolerated, with minimal impact on T-cells, suggesting potential repurposing for treatment.
A study by the University of Cincinnati found that veterans face a paradox of simultaneous stigma and social aggrandizement in organizations. They experience negative stereotypes, but also receive unwanted praise for their service. This can lead to conflicts over how to navigate their new civilian culture.
A new study finds that more complex microbial communities tend to be less stable and transition through distinct dynamical phases as diversity increases. The research demonstrates predictable patterns of diversity and dynamics in ecological communities, shedding light on general ecological principles.
Researchers at CNIC have identified metoprolol as a neuroprotective agent after a stroke, greatly reducing cerebral inflammation and neuronal death. The study's findings suggest that metoprolol may also offer benefits in treating severe Covid-19.
A study by researchers at the University of Florida found that over a quarter of vacuum cleaners sold on Amazon display false discount claims when raising prices, resulting in shoppers paying 23% more. The practice drives higher sales despite charging more, improving products' sales rankings.
Researchers have successfully prepared highly dense superconducting bulk magnesium diboride with a high current density using an unconventional spark plasma sintering method. The material exhibits excellent superconducting properties, including a high critical current density of up to 6.75 x 10^5 ampere/cm^2 at -253°C.
Scientists have developed a solution to communication challenges in neuromorphic chips using superconducting devices. This allows artificial neural systems to operate 100,000 times faster than the human brain, with potential applications in industrial control and human conversations.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed low-temperature methods to purify molten chloride salts for energy storage, potentially making them suitable for storing solar thermal energy. They also created an online tool called VERIFI to track industrial carbon emissions and improve energy efficiency.
Scientists at Tianjin University have discovered a way to make silkworm silk 70% stronger than spider silk by removing its sticky outer layer and manually spinning it. This breakthrough could lead to the production of profitable high-performance artificial silks, revolutionizing industries such as biomedicine and tissue regeneration.
A new study found that daytime pastoralist activities do not negatively affect spotted hyenas in Tanzania, contrary to previous research. The study analyzed 24 years of data from eight hyena clans and found that the hyenas' reproductive performance and physiological stress levels remained similar to those of unexposed clans.
A POSTECH research team developed an anode-free lithium battery with a volumetric energy density of 977Wh/L, enabling 630km long battery life on a single charge. The new technology uses an ion conductive substrate to minimize swelling and increase battery capacity.
Researchers used a physics-informed machine learning approach to discover 17 new Invar high-entropy alloys with extremely low thermal expansion coefficients. The approach identified these alloys from millions of possible candidates, exceeding current known records.
A new review article by Brown University biologist Dov Sax and colleagues aims to shift the focus from non-native species' negative consequences to their benefits. The authors argue that most research focuses on threats and harm, clouding public understanding and hindering scientific progress.
Scientists have observed distinct seasonal movements in the flow of land-based ice draining into George VI Ice Shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula, with glaciers speeding up by approximately 15% during the Antarctic summer. This finding suggests that similar seasonal variability may exist at other vulnerable sites in Antarctica, potential...
Researchers developed an AI model that analyzes immune cells to predict which skin cancer patients will benefit from treatments activating the immune system. The study found that patients with more immune cells recognizing skin cancer had better treatment outcomes.
A symptom-based screening tool identified children at high risk of pre-school asthma as early as age 3. This finding suggests the potential for routine screening in primary care settings to promote active disease monitoring and timely treatment.
A University at Buffalo-led research team has been awarded a $5 million grant to develop digital tools that can help older adults recognize and protect themselves from online deceptions. The project, DART, aims to reduce online fraud among older adults, who lose billions of dollars each year due to scams.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that psychotic disorders like schizophrenia are associated with a higher risk of developing dementia. People with psychotic disorders are 2.5 times more likely to develop dementia than those without a psychotic disorder, according to the review.
Italian scientists have discovered a new mechanism of drug resistance in breast cancer that leads to the formation of cancer stem cells. The research found that tumor cells release alarmins during chemotherapy, which can reprogram residual cancer cells into stem cells with high invasive potential.
The Braess paradox causes power grids to become more unstable with new transmission lines, contrary to expectations. A prediction tool has been developed to support grid operators in making informed decisions.
Researchers at USF Health successfully tested a protein that activates a unique pathway in cells to increase survival and protect endothelial cells from toxic substances. The study reveals the potential of apolipoprotein A1 as a novel therapeutic for ALS patients, with the goal of slowing disease progression and alleviating symptoms.
The Critical Path Institute has launched a pre-consortium collaboration with the FDA's CBER and CDER to accelerate medical product development in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The collaboration aims to define unmet needs in drug development and lay the groundwork for specific solutions.
A team at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has developed a method to create tiny light-emitting points called color centers in twisted crystalline boron nitride, which can be easily controlled between two quantum states. This breakthrough offers a route toward scalable quantum computing and sensing.
A team of researchers from the German Cancer Research Center discovered that iron deficiency suppresses an important arm of the innate immune system, including neutrophils. The study found that a lack of iron in cells impairs their ability to fight off bacteria and other pathogens.
Researchers have discovered a novel antimicrobial compound, evybactin, that selectively targets Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacteria that causes tuberculosis. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments for tuberculosis without contributing to antibiotic resistance.
The joint consensus report provides a review of current AID systems, discussing benefits, limitations, safety, and regulatory pathways. The report aims to encourage ongoing improvement of this technology, making it safe and accessible for all who can benefit from it.
Researchers developed a generatively designed patient-specific bone fixation device using Generative Design technology. The implants are tailored to each patient's anatomy and biomechanical needs, resulting in lighter, less prominent, and minimally invasive designs that promote faster healing and reduced revision surgery.