Climate change threatens societal capacity, leading to governance failures and basic necessities shortages. The authors propose three collapse scenarios: direct effects, indirect impacts on trade and international cooperation, and decreased adaptability.
Researchers found that people tend to choose familiar activities even when given the chance to try new things, especially when they feel like they don't have much time left. This preference for familiarity is driven by a desire for psychological closure and personal meaning, rather than just seeking safety.
Indian officials use physical closeness and digital connection to entice would-be citizens, but keep them waiting for recognition and basic welfare. Migrants experience an ambivalent welcome on arrival, with mixed affects of state performances that amplify both stature and shortcomings.
A team at Tohoku University created an analysis method to predict where wear will occur in engine piston pins. The breakthrough aims to limit wear and tear on machinery components and make them more fuel-efficient.
A new system developed at the University of Waterloo can affordably convert CO2 into fuels and valuable chemicals. The technology yields 10 times more carbon monoxide than existing methods, making it economically viable for industrial-scale use.
A Spanish study has developed life tables based on socioeconomic levels, revealing that people with fewer financial resources live 3-4 years less than their richer counterparts. The research also found significant gender differences in life expectancy, with women living 5.6 years more than men.
Researchers have developed brain-like organoids that can be tested experimentally to uncover cellular and molecular causes of autism. The organoids, grown in a dish from human cells, self-organize into layers of cells reminiscent of the cerebral cortex, allowing scientists to study how complex neural structures arise.
A decades-long study found that cash changed the Ju/’hoansi economy, allowing individuals to keep their earnings and fill their own needs. The study also revealed a decline in the traditional system of gifting and sharing, which had previously distributed possessions throughout communities.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a new CRISPR-based therapy platform that can deliver cargo to a broader range of tissue and cell types, increasing its potential for treating various diseases. The platform achieves this by transforming the Cas-9 protein into a spherical nucleic acid and loading it with critical components.
A new CAPSTONE study aims to identify inflammatory biomarkers associated with positive and poor outcomes in patients after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) strokes. By analyzing patient blood and plasma samples, researchers hope to develop targeted treatments to prevent long-term brain degeneration.
Growing onshore algae in seawater-fed aquaculture systems along the Global South's coasts could increase food production by 50% and feed 10 billion people by 2050. Algae provide high protein content, essential amino acids, and minerals found in meat, making them a sustainable solution to climate change.
Researchers analyzed eight patients who experienced COVID-19 rebound after taking Paxlovid and found robust T-cell responses. The study suggests that rebound symptoms could be driven by the cellular immune response to residual viral RNA rather than an impaired immune response.
Researchers discovered that cross-kingdom assemblages of bacteria and fungi can form superorganisms that colonize teeth, causing extensive tooth decay. These superorganisms exhibit enhanced surface adhesion, increased mechanical and antimicrobial tolerance, and unique mobility, moving at speeds similar to fibroblasts.
Researchers found that elderly Japanese individuals show a low immune response to the third mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccine. The study revealed that nearly 10% of participants had negligible antibody production despite receiving an additional dose. The findings suggest that elderly people may require specialized serological testing proto...
A new study from the University of Illinois reveals how cattle ranchers in Brazil cope with weather shocks. The research found that ranchers make decisions based on rainfall patterns and anticipate extreme dry seasons by selling animals for slaughter or to confinement operations, which can decouple food sources from current weather.
Researchers have successfully simulated the formation of the herringbone texture on Au(111) surfaces using a neural network method. The study revealed that non-negligible deformation underneath the surface is critical for the texture's formation, and it becomes sensitive to applied strains.
A large JAMA study found hospitalizations for COVID-19 disease occurred mostly in high-risk patients, including older adults and those with comorbidities. Vaccination and booster shots significantly reduced the incidence of severe COVID-19 illness among all age groups.
A Hackensack Meridian health doctor and bioethicist argues that surgeons' subjective assessments can lead to 'ableist' biases in patient treatment. The author proposes using algorithms to aid doctors in making more data-driven decisions, reducing assumptions about patients' quality of life.
Researchers at University of Michigan discover that a missing gene TMEM251 is responsible for mucolipidosis type II, a rare genetic disorder causing organ swelling and skeletal dysplasia. The team proposes an enzyme replacement therapy to rebuild functional lysosomes, offering hope for treating the disease.
A team of scientists will lead a Phase III trial to examine whether a novel physical rehabilitation intervention can reduce rehospitalizations and mortality in patients hospitalized for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The REHAB-HF program involves strength, balance, endurance, and mobility training exercises tai...
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute discover new class of immunostimulatory dsRNAs that potently induce IFN-I production while limiting inflammation. The dsRNAs inhibit pandemic viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, in mouse and human Organ Chip models.
A University of Cambridge study has found a significant reduction in long COVID clinic referrals following the vaccine rollout. The study analyzed data from Addenbrooke's Hospital and observed a 79% decrease in patient referrals between August 2021 to June 2022, compared to the previous year.
Research suggests that valuing cross-partisan empathy can decrease partisan animosity and make arguments more persuasive. Participants who endorsed empathy were more likely to support bipartisan cooperation and report less animosity towards the opposition.
A new Boston University School of Public Health study found that increasing mental health providers at Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities likely reduced suicide-related events among veterans who recently returned from active service. The study analyzed data from over 100,000 veterans and found a significant reduction in su...
Researchers analyzed 351 Chinese firms from 2006 to 2019, finding that female CEOs were associated with environmentally sustainable policies. The presence of female directors on the board strengthened this relationship. These findings suggest women's leadership can promote social and environmental benefits for stakeholders.
Researchers at Lancaster University found that 3D printed flavor-based cues can stimulate rich sensory accounts and strong emotional connections in older adults, recalling memories from their youth. This technology has potential applications for dementia care, allowing individuals to relive cherished moments through the power of smell.
A recent study published in Neurology suggests that consuming more foods with omega-3 fatty acids during middle age can lead to better brain function and structure. The research found that participants with higher levels of omega-3s had larger brain volumes and improved cognitive abilities.
As winters warm, nutrient pollution is putting water quality at risk in over 40 US states. The first-of-its-kind national study finds that previously frozen winter nutrient pollution is affecting 53% of the contiguous US and putting 50% of nitrogen and phosphorus pools at risk.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that individuals with type 2 diabetes who exhibit psychological resilience experience fewer hospitalizations, better physical functioning, and a lower likelihood of becoming frail. Psychological resilience also appears to mitigate aging-related concerns.
Scientists at Northwestern University have identified a new gene that activates an aggressive subtype of small-cell lung cancer with no current effective treatment. Deleting this gene kills cancer cells in deadly subtype.
A study published in Neurology found that eating omega-3 fatty acids can protect the brain from aging and cognitive decline in midlife. The research, conducted by the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, suggests that even small amounts of omega-3s can have a significant impact on brain health.
Researchers found that mind blanking episodes were rare and characterized by ultra-connected brain patterns with high amplitude of the fMRI global signal. This suggests that our brains need to 'go offline' for moments, even when awake.
New research simulates climate warming and ocean acidification in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean, finding that high emissions could lead to critically warm temperatures as early as 2050. Reducing emissions may delay this onset, giving coral conservation programs more time to adapt.
New research highlights how logging operations have shifted to lower-value components of forests over time, raising concerns about long-term sustainability and intergenerational access. The study suggests that policy interventions can influence management paradigms and shape the distribution of forest harvesting across the landscape.
A new study has uncovered a previously unknown genetic process that could inform the development of novel treatment options for glioblastoma (GBM), a virtually incurable brain tumor. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway and long non-coding RNA molecules, such as lncEPAT, play critical roles in GBM tumorigenesis.
A study by Hokkaido University researchers found that low concentrations of cetylpyridinium chloride in mouthwash can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and viral load, regardless of variant. This antiviral effect is thought to be due to disruption of the lipid membrane surrounding the virus.
Researchers created a new approach to predict genomic information in plant breeding, allowing for more diverse crop varieties. The strategy led to plants that outyielded current wheat varieties in multiple field trials, offering potential solutions to crop disease evolution and climate change.
Researchers found that petting real dogs activates the prefrontal cortex more than stuffed animals, with increased brain activity each time interaction occurs. This effect persists after the dog is gone, suggesting a long-lasting impact of social bonding.
Researchers found that B-type procyanidins induce hormesis in hemodynamic and metabolic responses, with optimal doses triggering improved cognitive functions and stress resistance. The study suggests a link between B-type procyanidin intake and CNS neurotransmitter receptor activation.
In some sub-Saharan African countries, up to 88% of adolescents express vaccine hesitancy due to safety and efficacy concerns. The study identifies determinants of this phenomenon, shedding light on strategies to improve vaccination rates in the region.
A new clinical trial found that the bionic pancreas device was more effective at maintaining blood glucose levels within normal range than standard-of-care management among people with type 1 diabetes. The device requires minimal user input and provides more automation, resulting in improved glycemic control.
Researchers at Aarhus University use RNA origami sponges and CRISPR technology to regulate protein production levels and gene expression in bacteria and yeast. This approach generates stable, interactive molecules for synthetic biology-based regulation, enabling unique applications in industrial, diagnostic, and therapeutic fields.
Researchers used directional hydrophones to track blue whale movements, revealing they respond to changes in the wind. The whales seek out cooler water plumes where krill are abundant, finding a crucial source of food.
Researchers at McGill University developed a cost-effective way to produce nanocrystals from cellulose and chitin using high-humidity shaker aging. The new technique reduces water usage, eliminates toxic solvents, and increases yields.
A recent analysis published in Contemporary Economic Policy found that 6-week paid family leave in California saved 339 infant lives from 2004-2008. The study also revealed a significant reduction in post-neonatal mortality rates for infants with married mothers and boys.
The CMU Array, a new microelectrode array, offers customized treatments for neurological disorders by allowing for three-dimensional sampling and ultra-high-density configurations. This technology has the potential to transform how doctors treat conditions like epilepsy and limb function loss.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh create microcapsules that exhibit life-like autonomy through self-generated motion and chemical signals. The system mimics protocell behavior, showcasing the potential for simple mechanisms to produce complex biological functions.
A Nagoya University research team found that soil nitrate in the riparian zone is the primary source of increased stream nitrate during rainstorms. The researchers' study may help reduce nitrogen pollution and improve water quality in downstream bodies of water.
A new epigenetics drug, tazemetostat, has been found to stop bladder cancer growth by activating the immune system, not just inhibiting tumors. The drug targets the EZH2 gene and is being tested in clinical trials for late-stage bladder cancer.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a way to overcome barriers limiting cancer immunotherapies. They discovered that activating the STING protein can increase regulatory B cells, which suppress anti-cancer immunity.
Scientists have discovered that mitochondrial DNA can insert itself into human nuclear DNA in every 4,000 births, leading to the development of rare diseases and some cancers. The new inserts can cause cancer and trigger its development in some cases.
A team of scientists and high school students collaborated to study Hong Kong's soil biodiversity, collecting 3,588 individual samples and identifying 150 species. The project also raised public awareness about the importance of citizen science in understanding local biodiversity.
A new study reveals that coaches displaying authentic leadership qualities can decrease athlete aggression and increase trust, enjoyment and commitment. Researchers found athletes training with authentic coaches are less likely to act aggressively towards competitors.
Researchers found that machine learning models outperformed traditional risk prediction models in predicting suicide-related outcomes. These models can identify patterns associated with suicide risk and have been shown to correctly predict 66% of people who would experience a suicide outcome.
Researchers at FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine are developing a pilot program to tackle health disparities by leveraging electronic health records, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. The project aims to improve AI/ML delivery and research operations in community health centers and federally qualified health centers.
Researchers at University of Toronto Engineering use supercritical carbon dioxide to recover lithium, cobalt, nickel and manganese from end-of-life lithium-ion batteries. The process matches conventional extraction efficiency while using fewer chemicals and generating less secondary waste.
A large Kaiser Permanente study found that most patients with a thoracic aortic aneurysm less than 5.5 cm are not at high risk of experiencing dissection or requiring surgery. The study's findings support the current consensus guidelines recommending surgery for patients with larger aneurysms.
A new study from Flinders University has shown that reboxetine, previously used to treat depression, can reduce obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity. The study found that reboxetine alone reduces the number of sleep apnoea events per hour and improves oxygen levels.
Researchers identified TDRD7 as a key regulator against influenza A virus and found that inhibiting its function increases virus replication. The study's findings could inform the development of novel therapeutic interventions against influenza virus infection in humans.
The Earth System Grid Federation is upgrading its climate projection data system to improve access and curation, with the goal of enabling scientists to make the best guess about the future trajectory of our climate. The new system will provide faster download speeds and enable previously infeasible data analyses.