Researchers identify LINE-1 RNA as a key player in premature aging, revealing its role in progeria and potential therapeutic targets. By inhibiting LINE-1 RNA, scientists reverse signs of aging and extend lifespan in mice.
Researchers have discovered a functional link between STING signaling and immunometabolism, suggesting that PET imaging could measure the pharmacodynamic effects of STING-activating drugs. This approach may enable a whole-body analysis of immune activation in humans, guiding clinical development of anti-tumor therapy.
A new scale called the Geriatric Oncology-Potentially Inappropriate Medications (GO-PIMs) Scale was found to be more effective at predicting frailty than conventional methods. The scale identifies high-risk medications linked to falls and fatigue, allowing oncology teams to deprescribe them and improve patients' overall health.
A new study by researchers at UTHealth Houston found that children infected with COVID-19, but not hospitalized, can still develop long COVID symptoms up to three months past infection. The study also identified risk factors for long COVID in children, including unvaccination and obesity.
Scientists at the University of Delaware have developed a new type of cement that can be used to build structures on the moon or Mars. The geopolymer cement is made from clay-like topsoil materials found on these planets and has been shown to be durable enough for vertical launch pads.
The study demonstrates the creation of physical reservoirs using chaotic dynamics, enabling alternative approach to AI-based pattern detection. The researchers exploited emergence and pattern formation phenomena under incomplete synchronization in chaotic dynamics, revealing a rich variety of ways in which the network synchronizes.
A team of climate scientists predicts the East Antarctic Ice Sheet could contribute up to 5m to sea levels by 2500 if greenhouse gas emissions aren't reduced. Limiting global warming to well below two degrees Celsius can avoid this worst-case scenario.
A new study found that brain scans are more accurate in measuring learning than traditional tests. The research reveals a link between spatial thinking and verbal reasoning, with improvements in one leading to gains in the other.
Researchers developed a Flashover Prediction Neural Network (FlashNet) model to forecast deadly fire events, beating other AI-based tools with up to 92.1% accuracy across various building floorplans. The model's performance improved when given real-world data, highlighting its potential for saving firefighter lives.
MIT researchers developed a method to create 3D-printed materials with tunable mechanical properties and embedded sensors, enabling real-time feedback on movement and interaction. The sensing structures use air-filled channels that deform when moved or squeezed, providing accurate feedback for robotics and wearable devices.
A University of Arizona-led study uses bacteria to understand how natural patterns form through mechanical interactions. The findings suggest that just four different adhesive molecules are sufficient to create any possible tiling pattern, with implications for understanding complex multicellular life and creating biodegradable materials.
A new study published in Environmental Research Letters reveals that high-value properties in the western United States are disproportionately exposed to wildfire hazards. Researchers found that both low- and high-income communities bear a disproportionate burden of wildfires.
A new study reveals sponges have a unique mechanism to clear their water channels: a sneeze-like process. Sponges release a type of mucus that is consumed by other animals, providing a food source inaccessible to most sea creatures.
Researchers found a link between atrial cardiopathy and dementia in older adults, with those having the condition at a higher risk of developing dementia over time. The study suggests that subtle changes in the left atrium may be an independent risk factor for dementia, even after controlling for other vascular risk factors.
The IQ-Sense project brings together researchers from two German universities to develop and demonstrate integrated quantum sensors for spectroscopic and imaging applications. The project will enable precise measurements of temperature, pressure, magnetic or electric fields, crucial in various scientific and medical fields.
A MedUni Vienna study has identified retinal layer thinning as a reliable prognostic marker for multiple sclerosis severity. The analysis revealed that thinner retinas are associated with increased risk of permanent disability and more aggressive treatment is recommended.
The workshop will discuss recent advances, perspectives, and applications of medical cannabis and cannabinoids. Researchers will explore their chemistry, pharmacology, analysis, influence on mitochondria, and potential use as anticancer agents.
Researchers mapped out the brain network responsible for nicotine's negative consequences, opening the door to interventions that boost aversive effects to help people quit smoking. The discovery suggests that manipulating this network could treat nicotine dependence by inducing an acute aversive effect.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have created a novel deelectronator made from a commercially available chemical, allowing for the production of previously unknown cluster cations. This breakthrough enables the efficient removal of electrons while preserving complex structures.
Researchers at Rutgers University have disentangled the two ways of thinking about self-control, highlighting the importance of diachronic regulation and the limited effectiveness of synchronic regulation. This distinction has implications for understanding willpower's role in helping people break habits.
A study from the University of California, Davis, found that economies are sensitive to persistent temperature shocks over a 10-year time frame, impacting growth in about 22% of countries. Climate change affects various sectors, including agriculture and cloud-based data centers.
Researchers have identified two time periods of increased strike risk for hares at Dublin Airport: sunrise and midnight hours. By focusing prevention efforts on the hare population, the study aims to reduce costly 'runway roadkill' incidents worldwide.
A new analysis of seismic data from NASA's Mars InSight mission has found that the Martian subsurface contains little or no ice, contradicting a leading idea about water on Mars. This discovery suggests that conditions are too cold to freeze water at depths below 300 meters near the equator.
The study found that island size and location have a significant impact on seasonal bird species richness. Islands in the Northern Hemisphere at mid-latitudes during migration periods host the highest number of species, while tropical islands peak with species numbers during the non-breeding season.
Researchers at the University of Chicago found that Medicare residents in US nursing homes report only 59.7% of pressure ulcers, with disparities affecting Black and Hispanic residents, who experience more severe stage 4 ulcers.
A new study by Durham University suggests that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet can be protected from devastating effects of global warming if temperature increases are kept below 2°C. The researchers found that staying within this limit could prevent significant ice loss and contribute less than half a metre to sea level rise by 2500.
Researchers assessed the effectiveness of adding a Pfizer-BioNTech booster to two doses of CoronaVac, finding reduced risk of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study used national data from nearly 14 million vaccinated individuals in Malaysia.
The review highlights the need for ultra-compact supercapacitors in the Internet of Things, citing their potential to enable self-powered and wireless micro-electronic systems. However, challenges remain in reducing feature size and improving energy and power density.
A large-scale review by UCL researchers calls for better education of medical professionals on weight stigma to reduce the UK's obesity rate. Weight-inclusive approaches to education in healthcare were found to be effective in challenging stereotypes and improving attitudes among medics.
Researchers at UChicago create a method to efficiently calculate quantum phase transitions, which can lead to technological advancements. The new approach simplifies calculations by using a two-electron reduced density matrix, allowing for more accurate and efficient simulations.
The NSF ERC grant will support the development of streetscape applications to forge livable, safe, and inclusive communities. The project aims to transform urban areas by harnessing data from smart streetscapes to address critical needs in road safety, traffic efficiency, and environmental sensing.
A recent study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that urgent care centers can divert imaging tests away from emergency departments after spinal trauma, resulting in cost savings. The study analyzed data from May 2021 to August 2021 and estimated annual savings of $437,928.
A 50-year analysis of scholarly research papers found an overall increase in productivity, with environmental sciences and engineering leading growth. However, a worldwide gender gap persists, widening in some countries and narrowing in others.
Researchers used 3D modeling and engineering to digitally reconstruct the function of foot bones in sauropods, discovering a soft tissue pad beneath the heel that cushioned the foot to absorb weight. This finding confirms a long-suspected idea and provides biomechanical evidence for how sauropods supported their enormous weight on land.
Researchers discovered a relict group of singing insects produced pure-tone songs at low frequencies, enabling them to travel longer distances. This finding advances our understanding of ancient soundscapes and highlights the importance of bioacoustics in understanding insect behavior.
Areas managed by Indigenous peoples have significantly more primate biodiversity than nearby regions. Lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes are less likely to be classified as vulnerable or endangered when their territories overlap with Indigenous lands.
Researchers discovered a novel role for an E. coli enzyme in reducing the toxic effects of hypothiocyanite, a key antimicrobial released by the human immune system. This finding has implications for diseases like cystic fibrosis and inflammatory bowel disease, as it suggests that various bacteria can evade this powerful oxidant.
A University of Michigan study found that high school seniors playing contact sports are 50% more likely to misuse prescription stimulants in the next decade. Noncontact sports athletes are also at risk, with greater odds of initiating stimulant misuse in young adulthood.
Researchers used spatial transcriptomics to create a map of prostate tissue, revealing areas of healthy cells with genetic characteristics of cancer. The study's findings have big implications for diagnosis and potentially treating specific cancer regions.
A monoclonal antibody, mepolizumab, decreased asthma attacks in Black and Hispanic children and adolescents living in low-income urban neighborhoods. The study identified three networks of genes associated with airway inflammation and asthma attacks that were reduced by the drug.
A new UCI-led study reveals that the circadian clock's disruption can drive colorectal cancer progression through genetic mutations and increased tumor growth. The study found that both environmental and genetic disruptions of the circadian clock contribute to APC loss of heterozygosity, a critical factor in CRC development.
Researchers found that sponges release mucus to unclog their internal filter systems, which also serves as a food source for fish. The study published in Current Biology highlights the unique adaptation of sponges to manage their waste and environment.
Researchers found lower stages of breast cancer in women aged 40-49 compared to those aged 50-59, with a significant decrease in stage 4 cases. This suggests that early detection through regular mammograms can lead to better health outcomes and survival rates.
Researchers used Stampede2 supercomputer to simulate star seeding, heating effects of primordial black holes. The study found that these two effects cancel each other out, with little impact on star formation.
Researchers have developed a new method to produce ultrathin layered double hydroxide nanosheets with improved properties, enabling their application in photodetectors. The new technique allows for the creation of large quantities of nanosheets with uniform thickness and broad light absorption range.
The new Engineering Research Center for Smart Streetscapes (CS3) will advance the future of smart streetscapes with cutting-edge technologies. The center aims to improve quality of life, enhance social equity, and stimulate economic development through innovative smart city solutions.
The Midwest Antiviral Drug Discovery Center, led by the University of Minnesota, aims to discover effective responses to pandemics through basic, translational, and clinical research. Researchers at UIC are developing an antiviral therapy for filoviruses like Ebola with a potential drug ready for human testing within three to five years.
Research reveals that nursing homes in disadvantaged neighborhoods have lower clinical staff hours compared to those in more well-off areas. This disparity is particularly pronounced for registered nurses and physical therapists.
Researchers have discovered a new molecule, fabimycin, that effectively treats over 300 drug-resistant bacteria in lab experiments and mice with pneumonia and urinary tract infections. The compound reduces the amount of drug-resistant bacteria to pre-infection levels or below, outperforming existing antibiotics at similar doses.
A new technique discovered by Boise State University researchers can create novel lithium-ion battery materials with exceptional Li storage and fast cycling. The process starts from an amorphous material, like niobium oxide, which is cycled with lithium to induce a transformation to a crystalline material.
Climate change is driving the expansion of invasive insect species, such as the oak gall wasp, into more northerly oak savannas. This can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem, as these insects can overwhelm native species without natural predators or competitors.
Simultaneous extreme heat and drought events have significant consequences on various sectors, including economy, health, and food production. The analysis of eight extreme events in Europe, Australia, and Africa highlights the need for more systematic risk assessments to improve adaptability and resilience.
Boosting with either Janssen or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine boosts humoral and cellular immune responses. Boosting with Janssen vaccine provides durable antibody and T-cell responses for at least four months.
A new drug, TB31F, has been shown to block the transmission of malaria parasites by mosquitoes, preventing further malaria cases. The antibody was tested in humans and found safe with no important side effects.
Researchers at ICFO successfully simulated a topological gauge theory using ultracold potassium atoms dressed with laser light, moving beyond previous electromagnetism simulations. This breakthrough allows for better understanding of exotic quantum behavior in materials and error correction codes for future quantum computers.
A new study found that people with multiple sclerosis may experience varying levels of physical and mental quality of life depending on factors such as age at diagnosis, income, and disability level. Researchers identified specific subgroups with distinct profiles, highlighting the need for early interventions to improve outcomes.
A new study reveals that a multiple sclerosis treatment, interferon beta, reduces the binding of key molecules to red blood cells, thereby decreasing inflammation and slowing disease progression. This breakthrough discovery has significant implications for the treatment of this debilitating autoimmune disease.
A graphene photodetector with a double slot structure exhibits high responsivity of 603.92 mA/W and large bandwidth of 78 GHz, addressing the limitations of graphene's low optical absorption. The novel design promotes graphene absorption while minimizing metallic absorption, providing a competitive solution for photodetection on silicon.
A new study suggests that tocolytics can safely delay preterm births and reduce neonatal deaths worldwide. The analysis of 122 clinical trials found benefits for all preterm delay treatments, with some side effects noted.
Intrinsically-stretchable optoelectronic devices can endure mechanical deformations without additional structural engineering. The devices have potential for remote diagnosis, ubiquitous healthcare, and continuous monitoring of personal biometric information.