The Mediterranean region has the highest soil erosion rates in Europe, with severe salinisation problems and low levels of soil organic matter. The study recommends a coordinated network to investigate soil biodiversity and assess its trends to prevent future degradation.
Researchers aim to solve quantum matrix models using computers to gain insights into gravity. The study explores how holographic duality connects two theories, with potential implications for a consistent quantum theory of gravity.
Recent research has extensively reviewed heterogeneous photocatalysis, a technology that utilizes solar energy to efficiently remove various pollutants. The application of semiconductor modification strategies is crucial for overcoming challenges such as high cost and low solar energy utilization rate.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a tuneable, elastic and temperature-sensitive gel by using complementary DNA strands to connect star-shaped polymer molecules together. The gel exhibits predictable behavior, self-healing properties and durability suitable for medical and engineering applications.
A CABI-led study has ranked nearly 200 potentially harmful invasive alien plant species in Ghana that could have a detrimental impact on agriculture, forestry, and biodiversity. The top-ranked arthropod and pathogenic species include the pink hibiscus mealybug, melon thrips, cassava brown streak virus, and maize lethal necrosis disease.
Researchers found that heart attack survivors were less likely to develop Parkinson's disease over a 21-year follow-up period. The study adjusted for various factors and found an inverse relationship between heart attacks and Parkinson's risk, suggesting cardiac rehabilitation should focus on preventing other cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a way to convert carbon dioxide into fuel using solar energy, creating a potential solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The process uses advanced materials and ultra-fast laser spectroscopy, allowing for the conversion of CO2 to carbon monoxide.
During the first 18 months of the pandemic, Great Britain's subjective wellbeing mirrored death rates, indicating a strong correlation. Lockdowns only had a short-term impact on depressed mood, with effects lasting only three weeks.
Researchers at UC San Diego's Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind discovered that fruit flies possess more sophisticated cognitive abilities than previously known. Using virtual reality and real-time brain imaging, they found attention, working memory, and conscious awareness-like capabilities in flies.
A new study from Children's Hospital Los Angeles reveals that parents in low-income communities are more likely to discuss COVID-19 preventative behaviors with their kids, reducing stress for both families. Despite higher risk of infection, these communities exhibit lower rates of worry and disease burden.
The American Academy of Neurology's 74th Annual Meeting will feature over 2,400 posters and platform presentations on the latest neurologic research. In-person attendees must provide COVID-19 vaccination verification to attend.
Researchers have solved atomic-level structures of the muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a crucial step in understanding its function. The new findings could lead to breakthroughs in treating neurological disorders such as congenital myasthenic syndrome and myasthenia gravis.
A new spinosaurid dinosaur from Portugal's early Cretaceous period had a distinctive crocodile-like skull and a spiny back. The species, which lived over 125 million years ago, may have been a wading fish-eater, adding to our understanding of spinosaurid evolution.
Researchers analyzed the largest genomic dataset of plants, revealing how early traits like stomata and roots evolved. The study sheds light on the genetic basis of plant evolution, highlighting the role of new and old genes in adapting to land colonization.
Scientists discovered two new targets, EPPIN domains, to block sperm motility, a complex process that allows sperm to reach the egg. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using mice as models for in vivo trials, simplifying preclinical studies and paving the way for novel male contraceptives.
A new study found that hot, dry nights have increased by 45% in the US West over the past four decades, leading to more intense and frequent wildfires. The warmer nighttime conditions make it harder for firefighters to slow down or extinguish fires, which are becoming 28% more intense.
A new study finds that women who experienced their own abuse and witnessed the abuse of others have an earlier age of menopause. The research, published in Menopause, suggests that maternal childhood physical abuse and child sexual abuse accelerate maternal menopause timing by 8.78 years.
A new study found that severe mental health symptoms among nurses are linked to lower ratings of patient care quality and safety. The research highlights the importance of addressing work environment factors, such as heavy workloads and inadequate staffing, to protect nurse mental health.
In a study published in PLOS ONE, researchers found that untrained captive orangutans can complete two major steps in making and using stone tools: striking rocks together and cutting using sharp stones. This suggests that the use of stone tools may have existed in our last common ancestor with orangutans 13 million years ago.
A new study suggests that infusing healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into mice with sepsis can improve bacterial clearance, reduce tissue damage, and prolong survival. The infusion also boosts immunomodulatory cells, which regulate immune responses and decrease inflammation.
A team of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution researchers discovered that nearly 10% of the oil floating on the Gulf of Mexico after the Deepwater Horizon spill was dissolved into seawater by sunlight. The process, called photo-dissolution, has significant implications for understanding the fate and potential toxicity of these compounds.
Researchers studied vortices in a superfluid, merging into large clusters like cyclones. The results validate Onsager's model, explaining vortex equilibrium and shedding light on turbulent fluid flows.
The University of Houston has received funding to develop lithium and transition metal-free battery technologies with high-energy charging capabilities. Additionally, a gallium nitride-based miniaturized pulsed power system architecture is being developed for mission-critical applications, including healthcare tech.
Researchers analyzed over 1.5 million SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences to understand the evolution of the virus, finding that increased infectivity is a driving force behind its spread. The omicron variant is predicted to compromise current vaccines and therapies, highlighting the need for new generation of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies.
Researchers have discovered new details about HIV's structure, including the position of envelope spike proteins and glycan shields. The findings may help in designing a vaccine that can protect against AIDS.
Researchers found that the immune system helps produce ketone bodies, which energize the brain and body, even in healthy individuals. The discovery sheds light on how the immune system maintains bodily equilibrium.
Researchers from the University of Barcelona discovered that embryonic development signals can also control cancer cell growth, inhibiting proliferation and inducing differentiation in lung cancer cells. The study's findings have implications for developing new therapeutic strategies to fight lung cancer.
Researchers found a significant association between mental disorders and dementia in a 30-year New Zealand study involving 1.7 million citizens. The study suggests that individuals with mental health conditions may be at higher risk of developing dementia, highlighting the importance of mental health care in preventing cognitive decline.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells use a combination of proteins to repel T cells and protect themselves from the immune system. By disabling this protection, scientists were able to allow T cells to infiltrate and attack pancreatic tumors, leading to shrinkage or disappearance.
Researchers found that repetitive exposure to environmental hypoxia prevented memory loss and reversed impairments in nerve-to-nerve communication. Adult offspring also inherited this protection against dementia.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed key technologies to enhance acute hospital care at home. These include telemedicine, remote patient monitoring, clinical team coordination, and supply chain management, which have increased inpatient capacity by over 10,000 bed-days.
Researchers found that wild honeybee colonies can survive in Galicia, Spain, particularly in areas with semi-natural habitats. The study suggests that extensive forms of land use and restoration of near-natural landscape features are crucial for insect conservation.
Researchers at Cornell University have received over $7 million in federal grants to develop innovative clean energy technologies. The funds will support two projects: a wirelessly charged dynamic system for electric vehicles and the development of low-carbon construction materials from waste. These breakthroughs aim to reduce greenhou...
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University advise against prescribing ivermectin to treat or prevent COVID-19 due to the lack of reliable evidence. They emphasize the importance of relying on proven therapeutic innovations and vaccinations to combat the pandemic, citing the risks of unproven treatments like ivermectin.
A new protein group has been identified that functions as a switch to regulate biological activity, found in all domains of life and essential for cellular activities such as gene expression and metabolism. The discovery opens up new possibilities for the development of novel drugs targeting these switches.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine has proved that it is possible to convert blood type safely in donor organs intended for transplantation, eliminating the need for matching by blood type. This breakthrough could significantly improve fairness in organ allocation and decrease mortality for patients on the waitlist.
A new varanid fossil from China reveals key features shared with the modern Varanus genus, suggesting a transition from ancient Varaniformes to Varanidae in Asia. The discovery sheds light on the evolutionary history of Varanidae and supports their Asian origin.
Researchers develop multiplexed optical lattice atomic clock, achieving unprecedented precision and enabling new physics discoveries, including testing gravitational waves and detecting dark matter. The clock's performance surpasses expectations, allowing for longer experiments and potential applications in real-world settings.
A study found that specific bacterial groups from the Lachnospiraceae family were associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research used machine learning techniques and analyzed fecal samples from a large Finnish population cohort, identifying microbial biomarkers that predicted disease incidence.
Researchers found that fact checks are a more effective counter to COVID-19 misinformation than false news tags. The study, published in Public Opinion Quarterly, tested the impact of fact checks and false tags on public perception of false claims about the pandemic.
To survive relativistic speeds, the new sail needs to billow like a parachute, with a curved structure that can withstand hyper-acceleration. The design also incorporates nanoscale patterning to dissipate heat generated by powerful lasers, enabling faster travel times.
Ontario residents aged 15 and older experienced a 190% increase in ED visits due to cannabis from January 2016 to May 2021. The rapid expansion of the legal market, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, contributed to this surge.
Researchers aim to quantify and characterize the lithium in California's Salton Sea geothermal reservoir to secure a domestic supply chain. The project will investigate environmental impacts and provide insights on the subsurface resource potential.
Researchers have created a new type of cholera vaccine consisting of polysaccharides displayed on virus-like particles, generating long-lasting antibody responses in mice. The vaccine shows promise as a next-generation cholera vaccine, potentially replacing current vaccines that last only 2-5 years.
A research team led by Professor Àlex Arenas from Universitat Rovira i Virgili has discovered a theoretical explanation for the degradation of neural networks, allowing for predictions on when they will stop functioning. This breakthrough can help in understanding neurological diseases and optimizing network systems.
A preclinical study by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers reveals that a specific group of fungi residing in the intestines can protect against intestinal injury and influence social behavior in mice. The findings suggest a novel signaling system connecting fungi in the gut to their host's cells, including immune cells and neurons.
A recent study suggests that gene therapy could be a possible cure for sickle cell disease, with the added benefit of preventing complications and extending lifespan. However, the high cost and limited accessibility of this treatment pose significant challenges for patients worldwide.
Researchers from the University of Minnesota and Imperial College London studied miniature robber flies' aerial feats, discovering they adjust their path based on visual stimuli to evade obstacles while chasing prey. The findings may inspire future innovation in robotic sensing capabilities.
A new study analyzed the clean energy discourse of four large oil and gas companies, finding that their business actions and investments do not align with their climate change pledges. Despite increased use of keywords like 'climate' and 'transition', the companies have made limited progress towards decarbonization.
A recent study found that nutrient levels in broccoli and kale microgreens differ significantly depending on the growing environment. Researchers measured polyphenols and glucosinolates in microgreens grown under different conditions, revealing varying levels of antioxidant- and anticancer-related compounds.
A 'Science of Happiness' online course reduced students' anxiety and improved wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic, contrary to expectations. The study, published in PLOS ONE, found that participating in the course had a positive impact on mental health.
A study using an Alzheimer's disease mouse model found that female brains experience a faster decay in information processing ability compared to male mice. This results in weaker memory formation and increased memory loss, contributing to the increased vulnerability of females to Alzheimer's disease.
A new study using blood samples from professional soccer players reveals that headers affect brain activity by altering microRNAs, which can serve as biomarkers for brain injury. The research also explores the effects of accidental head impacts and high-intensity exercise on microRNA levels.
Research reveals that people who have had COVID-19 are more likely to experience mental health problems, including anxiety, depression, and substance use disorders, within a year after recovery from the virus. The study found that COVID-19 survivors were 60% more likely to suffer from mental health problems than those who were not infe...
A recent study found that Google's image search for occupations like CEO still displays significant gender bias, even after the company claimed to have fixed the issue. The researchers proposed three algorithms to address this problem and tested them on four major search engines.
A new study published in Ecological Applications shows that eDNA-based detection can be a useful tool for early detection of invasive green crab. The technique involves collecting water samples and analyzing DNA to detect the presence of the species, which can help wildlife managers contain future invasions and prevent new outbreaks.
A new approach using an array of series-connected solar cells as detectors simplifies underwater optical data links, offering a cost-effective and low-energy way to transmit data underwater. The system demonstrated the highest bandwidth ever achieved for a commercial silicon solar panel-based optical communication system.
A VA research team found increased risks of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, in individuals who had COVID-19 infection. The study analyzed medical records of nearly 154,000 patients with COVID-19 and compared them to over 11 million people without COVID-19.
A new study found that more than half of postmenopausal women suffer from female pattern hair loss, a condition characterized by gradual thinning at the part line. The study also discovered a significant association between obesity and worsening hair loss in postmenopausal women.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found a promising treatment for neurodegenerative diseases by stopping nerve cell degeneration. A peptide has been identified that inhibits mitochondrial fission and lets nerve cells grow normally.