Research found that over 55,000 chemicals in everyday plastic products can reprogram precursor cells to become fat cells, leading to increased fat accumulation. The study suggests that previously unknown plastic chemicals may be contributing to overweight and obesity.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 500,000 adolescents across 80 nations and found consistent sex differences in career aspirations, with boys dominating 'things-oriented' occupations and girls preferring 'people-oriented' roles. The study also revealed larger differences in gender-equal countries, such as Finland, Norway, or Sweden.
A transparent air filter with a copper nanowire network enables self-sterilization through chemical and thermal disinfection, as well as capture of airborne particles. This innovation addresses the need for antimicrobial filters while preserving visual communication.
Telehealth benefits for family caregivers include increased access to care, continuity of care, and reduced COVID-19 risk. However, concerns arise about caregiver involvement, patient-provider rapport, and quality of chronic condition care.
Researchers at George Washington University have created a blood test that can identify COVID-19 infections and predict their severity. The test detects changes in neutrophil activity and T-cell response, which can help doctors determine the best treatment plan for patients.
A robot performed laparoscopic surgery on a pig without human guidance, demonstrating improved results compared to human surgeons. The Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot (STAR) excelled at intestinal anastomosis, a procedure requiring high precision and accuracy.
Patients under immunosuppressive therapy have increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease courses if they don't respond to primary vaccination. A recent study found that a third booster vaccination is safe and effective in these patients, who were initially unable to produce antibodies after vaccination.
Researchers at Tufts University successfully regrow a functional, nearly complete limb on adult frogs using a five-drug cocktail and silicone wearable bioreactor dome. The treatment sets in motion an 18-month period of growth restoring a fully functional leg.
Regular physical activity significantly changes metabolite profiles, associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The study found improved insulin secretion and reduced fasting glucose levels in physically active men.
A clinical trial shows that an automated insulin delivery system using an Android app is safe and effective for young children with type 1 diabetes. The system, CamAPS FX, improved metabolic control and reduced blood glucose levels in children aged one to seven years.
A team of scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory has identified a molecule with significant potential to disable the COVID-19 virus. The molecule was discovered using high-throughput virtual screening and laboratory experiments, and its ability to bind to the virus's main protease was confirmed through structural studies.
Natural supplements taken by athletes may pose serious health risks, including cardiovascular effects and contravention of anti-doping rules. Athletes often have limited knowledge about supplement effects on sports performance and overall health.
Researchers at HKUMed have discovered a stepwise upregulation of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in circulating extracellular vesicles from liver cancer patients, suggesting its potential as a non-invasive diagnostic marker. The study also found that pIgR-enriched EVs promote cancer stemness and tumorigenesis in mouse models, ...
Researchers have designed a novel thermal armour that successfully inhibits the Leidenfrost effect up to 1,150°C and achieves efficient liquid cooling across a wide temperature range. The breakthrough has significant implications for applications in aerospace, space engineering, and next-generation nuclear reactors.
A review of 392 clinical trials found increased representation of diverse groups in dermatology trials for common skin conditions. The study also highlighted persistent disparities in clinical trial participation among underrepresented populations.
Samuel Galgano and Pankaj Gupta have been named the 2022 Melvin M. Figley Fellow in Radiology Journalism and the 2022 Lee F. Rogers International Fellow in Radiology Journalism, respectively. They will attend the 2022 ARRS Annual Meeting and participate in the Editor’s Forum.
A recent study found that individuals with Parkinson's disease who consume three or more servings per week of flavonoid-rich foods like berries, red wine, and tea have a lower chance of dying during the study period. Higher flavonoid consumption is associated with better survival rates in both men and women.
Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology have created a new type of fiber optical tweezers that can trap particles using transverse electromagnetic modes. This breakthrough enables the manipulation of single biomolecules like DNA and proteins, opening up new possibilities for bioparticle research.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the generation of medical waste, with daily output surging from 200 tons to over 29,000 tons in September 2020. The study also highlights the need to update emergency medical waste treatment strategies and manage personal protective equipment waste effectively.
A retrospective study found that dual-energy CT examinations performed in 2019 had a significantly lower frequency of equivocal interpretations compared to those in 2013. Joint aspirations were also less likely to be performed after negative DECT interpretations in 2019.
A study analyzing US SEER data from 2000-2016 found that younger age groups experienced the steepest increase in distant-stage early-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma incidence. Younger non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations showed greater proportions of distant-stage disease.
Researchers at UMass Amherst developed a gear-shaped photonic crystal microring that increases light-matter interactions without sacrificing optical quality. The device boasts an optical quality factor 50 times better than previous records.
Physicists at MIT have discovered a new type of qubit, where vibrating pairs of fermions can exist in two states at the same time. The qubits can maintain this state for up to 10 seconds, making them a promising foundation for quantum computers.
A new dataset examines publication patterns across 170 academic disciplines to provide more nuanced comparisons. The data reveals significant variation in publishing activity and venue preferences among scholars.
Researchers found that mitochondria can respire away harmful substances to protect protein folding, revealing an unexpected 'patron saint' role. This mechanism is triggered by reductive stress and protects proteins destined for export, showcasing the flexibility of plant mitochondria.
A study by Michigan Medicine reveals that 25% of young American men experience both delivering and receiving technology-facilitated abuse. Healthcare providers should consider addressing this issue, as men who have mental health care visits are more likely to be involved in abusive relationships.
The National Science Foundation's CyberCorps Scholarship for Service program will provide training and scholarships to the next generation of information technology experts and security managers. The Binghamton University partnership aims to diversify the workforce with a focus on attracting underrepresented minorities.
A team of researchers has created a prototype 'smart saddle' that utilizes self-powered triboelectric nanogenerators to analyze equestrian biomechanics. The device can detect subtle cues from the rider's posture, seat, and legs, as well as alert others in case of a fall.
A groundbreaking study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that a 'food-as-medicine' approach can significantly lower LDL cholesterol levels, with participants experiencing an average 9% decrease within 30 days. This innovative intervention expands treatment options for high-risk patients unable or unwilling to take statin drugs.
A joint project by Paderborn, Rostock, and Mainz universities aims to develop new iron compounds that can convert sunlight into chemically usable energy. The researchers hope to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and create a more sustainable future.
A new überreview provides a comprehensive introduction to solar resource assessment and forecasting, helping bridge the gap between atmospheric scientists and solar engineers. The review compiles recent studies on critical parameters like cloud and aerosol, aiming to facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration for carbon neutrality.
Research found that preschoolers' melatonin levels are suppressed by even dim light before bedtime, with suppression rates ranging from 70% to 99%.
Two observational studies provide reassuring data on menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccination, finding that any changes are short-lived and small. The studies, which drew from US and Norwegian data, suggest that cycle lengths return to normal by two cycles after vaccination.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have developed an organoid platform that identifies drugs that enhance enteroendocrine cell action, potentially reversing diabetes, obesity and gastrointestinal conditions. The system identified three chemicals that drive the formation of EE cells and hormone production.
New research in Marketing Science reveals that banning tobacco products can result in a 4% decline in gross sales for retailers. The study also suggests that the impact of such bans can be felt across other unhealthy product categories, affecting overall store revenue.
Researchers at Durham University have identified a medieval text written by Benedictine monk Gervase of Christ Church Cathedral Priory as the earliest known account of ball lightning in England. The description, composed around 1200, matches historical and modern reports of the phenomenon.
Researchers have created a new solid electrolyte that enables fast hydrogen conductivity in the intermediate temperature range of 200-400°C. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient fuel cells and electrochemical reactors for sustainable energy.
A team of researchers from Lund University analyzed ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica to discover a massive solar storm occurring during a quiet phase about 9,200 years ago. The study challenges the current understanding that solar storms are more likely to occur during active phases of the sun.
A new study suggests that music therapy can significantly decrease depression scores and help reduce menopause symptoms in postmenopausal women. This innovative approach has the potential to be used as a nonpharmacologic therapeutic option for managing menopause symptoms, particularly mood symptoms.
The research group developed a new method to test quantum gates with high efficiency and robustness, achieving optimal sample complexity without increasing with scale. Using this method, they tested CNOT and Toffoli gates, requiring significantly fewer measurements than traditional methods.
A new standardised test has been developed to accurately determine the transmission of VREfm, enabling rapid identification of potential outbreaks and early intervention. The framework uses genomic analysis to compare bacterial genomes and infer transmission links, facilitating global deployment for outbreak detection and investigation.
Physical activity monitors provide direct feedback, leading to small to moderate increases in daily steps (1,235 extra steps) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (50 extra minutes per week). The evidence suggests these devices may be useful for adults who don't meet recommended activity levels.
A new study found that diet can cause significant changes in the gut microbiota, leading to long-lasting genetic alterations. In mice, a low-fiber Western-style diet led to the emergence of adaptive mutations in a key species of bacteria, shaping its function and increasing host susceptibility to infection.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased job demands on primary care teams, but new skill development opportunities and sense of purpose boosted staff morale. Management support played a crucial role in mitigating burnout, with participants reporting greater support and patience within their practices.
The University of West Virginia leads a global initiative to integrate behavioral and social sciences into oral health promotion, aiming to reduce dental disparities and inequities. The effort involves innovative technologies like apps and smartphones to increase access to dental care.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago identified changes in the gut microbiome that can lead to gestational diabetes. They found a specific metabolite, kynurenine, that is increased during pregnancy and contributes to insulin resistance.
A multilevel program improved the awareness and adoption of buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder in rural Colorado. The program increased the proportion of practices providing or referring patients for treatment from 18.8% to 74.4%, with a significant increase in buprenorphine prescriptions over four years.
A two-year randomized trial found that cannabis use significantly impaired driving ability, particularly in the first few hours after smoking. Despite varying levels of THC content and user history, participants displayed diminished skills on simulated driving tests.
A study found that subtle changes in heart structure and function between early adulthood and middle age are associated with declines in thinking and memory skills. The research, published by the American Academy of Neurology, suggests that a single echocardiogram may help identify people at higher risk of cognitive impairment.
A new study reveals anatomic differences in the inner ear structures of two major bat groups, influencing the evolution of diverse echolocation and foraging forms. The absence of Rosenthal's canal in Yangochiropterans allowed for unique behavioral adaptations.
Researchers at the University of Groningen have developed an AI system that can recognize indoor spaces with high accuracy by combining image and audio data. The system achieved a 70% accuracy rate in recognizing nine different types of indoor spaces, surpassing previous results.
Researchers analyzed over 60 million GitHub posts to find that developers who don't use emojis are three times more likely to drop off the platform. Emoji usage patterns varied among developers, but were associated with factors like work type and time management.
New insights into cloud behavior in the southern hemisphere reveal a stronger influence of updrafts, resulting in liquid water droplets and altered radiation balance. This study, led by Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, uses long-term measurements to improve climate models.
A study published in PLOS ONE suggests that changing climate conditions 23,000 years ago expanded food options for humans in Israel's Sea of Galilee region. The research analyzed animal remains at the submerged archaeological site of Ohalo II, revealing a diverse diet with multiple prey sources.
A study by Politecnico di Milano reveals that large-scale land acquisitions for agriculture lead to increased water scarcity, impacting local users. The research analyzed 160 acquisitions and found that 105 resulted in competition for water, often at the expense of local communities.
Researchers have developed an ultrasensitive bioelectronic tongue that mimics human taste buds to measure sweetness. The device responds to sweet-tasting compounds at the 0.1 femtomolar level, making it a powerful tool for industries such as healthcare and food.
Researchers identified four metabolites that indicate adherence to a Mediterranean diet, while ultra-processed foods consumption was associated with lower levels of these metabolites. The study's findings support public health efforts to recommend increased Mediterranean diet adoption and limiting ultra-processed food intake in childhood.
Researchers have developed an entirely new paradigm to image objects through diffusive media. A deep learning-based approach uses diffractive surfaces to optically reconstruct distorted images without digital processing. This computer-free method has significant potential for advancements in fields such as biomedical imaging, astronomy...
A new study reveals a link between over-activity in the hippocampus and certain schizophrenia symptoms, including negative symptoms such as reduced motivation and disrupted emotional processing. The findings have important implications for developing more targeted treatments for these symptoms.
Technology-facilitated abuse is common among young men in the US, with 38% reporting experiences in the last year. Primary care doctors are urged to adapt intimate partner violence screening tools for male patients, including technology-facilitated abuse assessment.
A trial of older US adults found that vitamin D and omega-3 fish oil supplements reduced the risk of autoimmune diseases by 22-30% compared to placebo. The effects were more pronounced after two years of supplementation.
Decision-making tools, including a double-sided document and video training, were ineffective in reducing antibiotic prescription rates for acute respiratory infections. Despite this, general practitioners' knowledge of relevant evidence increased significantly after the intervention.
A team of researchers from Boston University School of Medicine has identified extracellular vimentin as an attachment factor facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry into human endothelial cells. The study found that depletion of vimentin significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection, while over-expression with ACE2 increases the infection rate.
A national analysis of lung transplantations performed in the US between August 2020 and September 2021 shows that 7% of lung transplants were performed to treat COVID-19-related lung damage. The study suggests that lung transplantation may be a safe option for select patients with severe, irreversible lung damage.
A new portable $51 testing kit can provide fast and reliable COVID-19 detection in resource-poor regions, refugee camps, and disaster zones. The non-invasive saliva sampling system uses a technique similar to PCR testing, with costs comparable to commercial tests.
A new study at Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia founds repulsive forces generated by microtubules scaffold keeping nuclei at a distance. These interactions reorient nuclear divisions towards unoccupied regions, maintaining uniform distribution of nuclei in developing embryos.
A recent study found that block periodization with either increased low-intensity training volume or high-intensity interval training improved endurance performance in recreational athletes. Both methods resulted in average time improvements of 11-13 seconds on a 3000m run.
Researchers discovered that cyclotides from violets increase the power of TMZ in killing glioblastoma cancer cells by up to eight-fold. This breakthrough could lead to better treatment options for patients with this fatal form of brain cancer.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have reduced simulation time for an optical quantum computer from 600 million years to just a few months, achieving a one-billion-fold speedup. This breakthrough paves the way for future studies on quantum advantage and computational power.
University of Rochester researchers adapt excited state lifetime thermometry to extract temperatures of nanoscale materials from light emitted by nitrogen vacancy centers in single nanodiamonds. The technique allows for precise measurement of temperature changes on fast time scales and is safe for imaging sensitive nanoscale materials ...
Case Western Reserve University researchers create nanoparticles that generate a protein mesh to stabilize blood clots and reduce blood loss. The technology could help save lives by rapidly stabilizing clots to reduce blood loss from traumatic injuries.
New research reveals that zoos and aquariums can prioritize evidence-based environmental enrichment to benefit a wider range of species. The study highlights the need for greater diversity in enrichment types and species researched, as well as more attention to social enrichment.
A new study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found that resuming non-contact physical activity 72 hours after a concussion is safe for children and youth. The study, which involved 456 participants, showed that early return to physical activity can reduce symptoms and delayed recovery.
Recent experiments achieved a burning plasma state in fusion, helping steer fusion research closer to its ultimate goal of a self-sustaining reaction. The results showed gradual improvements that could keep more energy inside the reaction, representing a significant step toward self-sustaining fusion.
A recent study found that people with Parkinson's Disease who consume more flavonoids have a lower mortality risk than those who don't. The researchers discovered that higher flavonoid intake is associated with improved survival rates in both men and women, particularly when it comes to anthocyanin-rich foods like berries and red wine.
Researchers have identified 15 biological markers that can predict severe depression in pregnant women with 83% accuracy. This finding has the potential to improve prenatal care and reduce depressive symptoms in mothers.
Researchers from NC State University have demonstrated a new type of flexible robotic gripper that can lift delicate egg yolks without breaking them. The grippers use a kirigami technique to convert 2D sheets into curved 3D structures, allowing for precise control over the final shape and structure.
A national survey reveals that over 85% of primary care practices struggle to access pediatric medication advice and evidence-based psychotherapy. Policy changes may be necessary to address these barriers and improve child behavioral health treatment.
A bibliometric analysis of Annals of Family Medicine submissions from 2015 to 2020 found that women represented 46.33% of all manuscript submissions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women submitted fewer original research articles and briefs than men, potentially impacting future promotions.
The increasing salinity in freshwater habitats poses a significant threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services. The study proposes a research agenda to address the knowledge gaps and tackle the urgent needs from a global, regional, local, and temporal perspective.
Researchers analyzed 54,045 georeferenced pieces of building timber to track changes in building activity across Europe from 1250 to 1699. They found clear evidence for the Late Medieval Crisis, the Thirty Years' War, and economic boom periods, with building activity tracking historical price of grain and lead pollution.
Researchers employed microscopy techniques to study the atomic structure and vibrations of perovskite oxides in superlattices. The discovery enables the rational design of materials with unique photonic and phononic properties.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that flat-faced breeds like Neapolitan mastiffs and English bulldogs are disproportionately affected by the condition. The study suggests that breed-specific characteristics may contribute to the development of cherry eye.
Researchers from Swansea University and University of Cape Town used GPS collars to study baboons' collective behavior in urban and natural spaces. The study found that despite changes in movement patterns, leader-follower roles remained consistent, suggesting flexibility and robustness in group cohesion.
Researchers studied Paradise, California's response to the 2018 Camp Fire. They found that community responses vary greatly due to distinct fire and demographic characteristics.
Researchers developed MonoCon, a new AI technique that enables accurate identification of 3D objects in 2D images. By incorporating auxiliary context, the method improves object detection and estimation accuracy, paving the way for safer and more robust autonomous vehicles.
A new study published in Environmental Research found that dust removal does not mitigate exposure to TDCIPP, a carcinogenic chemical commonly used in automobile seat foam. The researchers suggest that wearing a mask in the car may be an effective way to reduce exposure.
Researchers found that males keep track of the order of their songs and how often each one is sung for up to 30 minutes. This complex behavior allows them to curate both their current playlist and the next one, with variations in song order and repeats.
A virtual reality 'Shopping Task' has been developed to measure cognition and assess age-related decline. The study found that the immersive environment engaged key brain structures, including the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex.
Researchers discovered adaptations allowing desert fish to thrive in harsh conditions by maintaining genetic diversity and adapting genes for aridity. This finding challenges the idea that small populations are evolutionary dead ends.
A recent study by Cardiff University found that urban greening strategies like green roofs and parks are unlikely to reduce both heatwaves and flooding simultaneously. The team's research suggests that local climate conditions significantly impact the effectiveness of these measures.
Proton pump inhibitors are underutilized in high-risk patients due to knowledge gaps and barriers among specialties. Multi-component interventions can improve guideline-based use to prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Lab tests show current anti-COVID pills remain effective against omicron, but available antibody therapies are substantially less effective. Researchers tested various treatments and found that some antibodies have lost their ability to neutralize omicron at realistic dosages.
A mixed-method review and meta-analysis found that integrated palliative care in ambulatory settings has limited effect on reducing symptom burden, but improves health care utilization for U.S. adults with non-cancer related chronic illnesses. The models were also effective in increasing advanced directive documentation.
A recent study by University of Pittsburgh biologists found a wide range of plant viruses associated with pollen grains from 24 plant species across the US. The research, published in Nature Communications, identifies six new species and three variants of known viruses, highlighting the potential for honeybees to spread these diseases.
Common chronic conditions like high cholesterol, pulmonary diseases, and anxiety disorders saw significant declines in new diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic. A substantial increase in primary care physicians, face-to-face visits, and proactive care is needed to address this decline and prevent poor health outcomes.
Researchers at OHSU are developing a new approach to scientific imaging to study the dynamic organization of cells by examining how tiny molecules make cells work. The W. M. Keck Foundation has awarded $1 million to develop a one-of-a-kind imaging and computational system.
Researchers have developed a novel combination of two drugs delivered in nanoparticles that extend the survival of mice with medulloblastoma. The treatment targets the mTOR pathway and reduces off-target toxicity, making it a potential less toxic alternative to current treatments.
Researchers report successful treatment of two young infants with PROS using breast cancer drug alpelisib, inducing rapid and significant clinical improvement in symptoms. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed promising results, supporting the use of low-dose alpelisib in these patients.
Researchers found that vitamin D and/or omega-3 fatty acid supplements significantly lowered the rate of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and psoriasis. The largest benefit was seen after two years of supplementation with daily doses of vitamin D (2000 IU) and marine omega-3 fatty acids (1000 mg).
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medicine developed a new imaging technique to capture bacteriorhodopsin's motions in response to light on a millisecond time scale. This study reveals the protein's kinetics, including the speed of transitions between open and closed states, which informs optogenetics research.
The study found that black carbon decreased significantly in Beijing since the implementation of the Clean Air Action Plan, with a 71% reduction over nine years. However, this decrease was not accompanied by an equivalent decrease in aerosol extinction coefficient, leading to mixed effects on optical properties.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that younger people are more interested in owning exotic pets, such as pythons, than older generations. The research suggests a growing trend towards unusual pet ownership among younger populations.
A recent study from Ohio State University found that labeling identical products as 'new and improved' resulted in higher overall liking ratings compared to those labeled as 'consumer complaint.' The researchers suggest that this negative bias has a bigger impact on consumer perception than positive labels.
A study from Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute uses CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing to delete a protein called CTL4 from mosquitoes, resulting in a 64% decrease in infection prevalence. The researchers believe targeting the CTL4 protein could be a new strategy for controlling malaria.
A team of researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology successfully detects thermally excited magnons in a yttrium iron garnet sample using a diamond-based quantum sensor. This breakthrough enables the detection of thermal magnon currents, opening doors to heat-controlled quantum devices.
A new UBC study confirms that men are at increased risk of mental illness, including anxiety and depression, when they transition out of relationships. The study found that men often downplay issues in their relationships, leading to further conflict, and may turn to substances to cope with feelings such as anger and regret.
A study found that team-based primary care, coupled with payment reform, can reduce emergency department use among patients. The analysis showed lower rates of increase in ED visits among those transitioning to a team-based capitated practice compared to non-team-based capitated practices.
University of Delaware professors Wei-Jun Cai and David Kirchman have been named AAAS Fellows for their important contributions to STEM fields. Cai was recognized for his work on the global carbon cycle and ocean acidification, while Kirchman was honored for his research on marine biosciences and microbial ecology.
Researchers found that cancer immunotherapy pembrolizumab can reverse HIV latency, allowing killer T cells to regain function and kill infected cells. The treatment, which blocks exhaustion markers, also perturbs the HIV reservoir, showing promise for a cure.
A new analysis predicts climate change will decline suitable regions for coffee arabica, cashews, and avocados in major producing countries. Suitable areas may expand at higher altitudes and latitudes, particularly for cashews and avocados.
A study published in Scientific Reports uses fossilized mollusk shells to investigate ocean chemistry during the end-Permian mass extinction. The analysis found no signs of severe ocean acidification, contradicting previous theories.
Researchers at UCI discovered that AdipoR1 protein deficiency leads to ceramide accumulation in the retina, causing progressive photoreceptor cell death. A pharmacological treatment combining desipramine and L-cycloserine reduced ceramide levels, protecting photoreceptors and improving vision.
A new study reveals that the genes present in a microbial community can predict its dynamic metabolic activity, with implications for the nitrogen cycle and other biogeochemical processes. The research provides insights into how scientists can infer metabolite dynamics from aggregate gene content, design microbial communities for speci...
Researchers created a computer model that simulates the way slime moulds construct their network, finding networks with improved travel time or resilience to disruption. The models were validated using three key metrics and showed good correlation with actual slime mould results.
Researchers have developed a compact terahertz laser that operates at room temperature and produces 120 individual frequencies spanning the 0.25 - 1.3 THz range. This breakthrough technology has the potential to bridge the gap for applications in imaging, security, and communications.
Dr. John Pierce Wise leads a team to investigate chromosome instability in lungs caused by metal exposure, with hopes of preventing and reversing lung cancer in people. The research aims to understand why humans are more susceptible to metals-induced lung cancer than whales.
Researchers identified the 'key' controlling potassium ion flow across cell membranes, resolving a decades-old problem and providing a new understanding of how channels are gated. The discovery has potential implications for treating diseases such as cancers, epilepsy, and diabetes by targeting ion channel deregulation.
Scientists confirmed the fourth signature of superconducting transition in cuprates, revealing how electrons pair up and condense into a quantum condensate. The discovery provides a holistic picture of unconventional superconductivity and gives researchers two knobs to tune for higher temperatures.
Researchers found that runners can maintain their natural stride with heavily cushioned shoes, contrary to previous assumptions. The study used custom sandals to measure leg stiffness and running style, revealing no significant impact from shoe cushioning.
A KAIST research team has developed graphene-inorganic-hybrid micro-supercapacitors made of leaves using femtosecond direct laser writing lithography. The innovation enables mass production of flexible and green graphene-based electronic devices, reducing waste and environmental issues associated with traditional batteries.
A national survey of over 900 youths found that knowledge of health risks associated with unprotected oral sex is a significant barrier to using protection. Many respondents reported a lack of information about adequate protection methods and underestimated the severity of risk.
A new study from Queen Mary University of London demonstrates the effectiveness of a compact Covid-19 testing kit, which uses low-cost hardware and is relatively inexpensive to make. The kit offers a promising solution for remote areas with limited access to well-equipped testing labs or trained personnel.
Researchers developed AI models trained on clinical data from a statewide health information exchange to predict healthcare resource utilization for individuals with COVID-19. The models demonstrated accurate public health predictions and provided valuable insights into patient-level need for healthcare resources.
A team of astronomers has discovered a mysterious object releasing giant bursts of energy three times an hour, which could be a neutron star or white dwarf with an ultra-powerful magnetic field. The object is incredibly bright and smaller than the Sun, emitting highly-polarised radio waves.
Researchers at Flinders University found that autistic individuals with eating disorders also report higher weight and shape concerns, suggesting a unique combination of symptoms. The study highlights the need for best-practice guidelines to address co-occurring autism and eating disorders in treatment.
Researchers discovered that Chaoborus larvae adjust their air-sacs' volume by changing the pH level, utilizing resilin's elastic properties. This unusual adaptation enables them to float neutrally buoyant in water.
A symmetrical, 2x3 km buried formation in Qatar suggests evidence of a sedentary civilization with advanced engineering skills. The site's unique soil composition and landscaping point to irrigation systems and crop cultivation.
Researchers found that Yin and Yang bats have unique inner ear structures that enable distinct styles of echolocation. This discovery provides the first anatomical evidence for these differences, confirming previous genetic findings.
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet developed a novel method to diagnose constant tinnitus using auditory brainstem responses (ABR). The study found that people with occasional tinnitus are at increased risk of developing constant tinnitus, while those with existing constant tinnitus are more likely to experience persistent symptoms.
Cornell researchers have successfully trained various physical systems, including mechanical, optical, and electrical systems, to perform machine learning tasks. The developed training algorithm enables diverse systems to be chained together for efficient processing.
A new study by WVU researcher William Walker found that the blood-brain barrier is dynamic and more receptive to chemotherapy at night. This could lead to better treatment outcomes for patients with brain metastasis.
A University of Arizona-led team combined tree-ring data with forest inventory measurements to predict future tree growth. The researchers found a 56-91% decline in individual tree growth, leading to less carbon sequestration by Arizona's forests.
Researchers found that Russians tend to believe more unusual drawings are creative, while Emirati participants value familiarity. Despite cultural differences, both groups evaluated Russian participants' work as more aesthetically pleasing.
Researchers analyzed 23,000-year-old fisher-hunter-gatherer camp remains near the Sea of Galilee, finding a diverse diet and lifestyle that defies previous expectations. The site's abundance of animal bones reveals a robust subsistence strategy that utilized varied food sources.
Researchers found that chat box interactions supported clinicians' needs for trustworthy information, practical resources, and affirmation, creating a community for connection and validation. The study highlights the importance of meeting clinician needs during public health crises for primary care to reach its full potential.
Researchers found that non-mutated Apolipoprotein E was strongly enriched in dementia patients' brains, correlating with dementia diagnosis. Even those without the disease-driving APOE ε4 allele showed significant levels of ApoE peptides.
A recent study by Gladstone Institutes researchers found that mouse stem cells can spontaneously transition from heart cell precursors to brain cell precursors when a specific gene is removed. This discovery upends current understanding of how stem cells differentiate into adult cells and maintain their identity. The study's findings h...
Researchers are developing new methods to identify and characterize unknown proteins, including those with multiple forms and modifications. Artificial intelligence-based tools are also helping predict protein structures and functions, providing clues to their roles in health and disease.
Researchers have discovered that a bacteria-fighting mechanism in the immune system, NETs, can manipulate beneficial Th17 cells into harmful autoimmune responders. This finding opens doors to developing targeted therapies for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune conditions.
A recent study found that adding a booster dose of any COVID-19 vaccine to fully vaccinated adults elicits an immune response and is safe. The trial, sponsored by the NIAID, used 458 adults who received a full regimen of any EUA or approved COVID-19 vaccine.
A research team has developed a new cancer treatment that targets lymph nodes using a prodrug that selectively reacts with glutathione to release nitric oxide. In a metastasis mouse model, the mice treated with the drug showed significantly reduced weight of metastatic cancer cells and improved survival rates.
The Omicron variant diverged from previous variants through adaptive evolution, with more than 30 mutations in its spike protein. The team found evidence of positive natural selection and partial immune evasion contributing to its rapid spread.
Government actions, such as road travel restrictions, significantly reduced NO2 concentrations and deaths in Europe. The study estimated that more than 800 deaths were avoided due to improved air quality.
A study found that 31.4% of trauma patients at Hospital das Clínicas in São Paulo, Brazil, tested positive for psychoactive substance use, including alcohol (23%), cocaine (12%), and marijuana (5%). The study contributes to the development of public policies to prevent accidents.
A meta-analysis found that women with high-risk myocardial infarction experience increased hospitalization and mortality rates due to smoking, whereas no significant interaction was observed for mortality in the overall study sample. The study suggests intensified preventive strategies are necessary for this population.
A new study has revealed the dynamics of DNA replication 'licensing,' a process that regulates genome replication during cell division. The researchers found that heterochromatin regions are more susceptible to under-replication and DNA damage when the G1 phase is shortened, potentially leading to genomic instability in cancer cells.
Researchers found that Asian American individuals are at higher risk for skin cancer due to genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The study emphasizes the need for targeted screening among this population to prevent skin cancer deaths.
Researchers compared microscopic inner ear structures of two main bat groups, revealing extra neurons and specialized ear structures that align with a split in bat evolution. This discovery provides the first physical evidence to support genetic data on the split of bats into two major groups.
Scientists at Osaka University demonstrated the ability to generate gigagauss magnetic fields via gyro motion of relativistic electrons, with polarity reverse occurring instantly. The study, published in Scientific Reports, reveals a new mechanism for magnetic field growth and amplification.
Researchers have created a range of permanent hair dyes that avoid the allergenic properties of traditional formulations, producing a range of hues from rosy pinks to deep blacks. The new dyes were found to be less reactive toward proteins and generated a reduced inflammatory response in cells compared to PPD.
Researchers have developed a lethal hamster model for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The transgenic hamsters express human ACE2 protein, leading to severe disease, including weight loss, lung injury, and brain infection.