A new study published in Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms found that shift work can lead to long-lasting health effects, including increased severity of strokes. The research, led by Texas A&M University, suggests that disrupted internal body clocks can alter gut and brain interactions, leading to worse stroke outcomes.
Researchers have identified a second gene, CLDN5, as responsible for AHC in two unrelated cases. The mutated protein disrupts the blood-brain barrier's integrity, leading to the condition's characteristic symptoms.
A comprehensive census of common dolphin populations along Australia's southern coastline has identified key pointers for future conservation efforts. The study highlights the importance of preserving adaptive DNA diversity and promoting connectivity between dolphin groups to support long-term gene flow and adaptation.
A study found that female patients are more likely to require re-interventions after surgical treatments for intermittent claudication. Additionally, guideline-directed medical therapy was less frequently used among females compared to males.
The NBSTRN 2022 Network Meeting showcased recent advancements in Newborn Screening (NBS) research, including Whole Genome Sequencing as Screening, Rare Disease advocacy, and Congenital CMV research. The meeting aimed to facilitate policy and research collaborations to improve NBS and rare disease outcomes.
Researchers discovered that the process of hypercondensation, where DNA is compressed, relies on a second type of protamine, PRM2, which may be crucial for fertility. The study sheds light on the complex mechanism behind sperm development and could lead to new treatments for male infertility.
A study in Madrid found that private encounters and parties contributed to the outbreak, while a German study showed a shift from travel-associated to local transmission with Berlin as the epicenter. Both studies highlight the importance of targeted information for populations at risk, especially MSM.
UTSW researchers found that triptan migraine drugs can decrease appetite and lead to weight loss in obese mice. The study suggests a potential repurpose of these drugs for obesity treatment.
Researchers discovered that pocket gophers cultivate and harvest roots for food, constituting a rudimentary form of farming. This behavior allows them to generate enough energy to maintain their extensive tunnel networks.
Researchers identify four bases of anti-science beliefs: distrust in scientific sources, group identity, conflicting messages, and cognitive style. Politicization and social media amplify these factors, making it harder for people to accept scientific evidence. Strategies like acknowledging valid concerns and finding common ground can ...
The article discusses global disparities in Parkinson disease, identifying six key areas for improvement: disease burden, advocacy and awareness, prevention and risk reduction, diagnosis, treatment, and care, caregiver support, and research. These findings aim to inform policy decisions and drive action towards reducing health inequities.
Researchers propose a dual bound states in the continuum scheme to boost SHG efficiency from TMDs monolayers, amplifying the signal by four orders of magnitude and up to seven orders with patterning.
A team of researchers developed a model system to study individual differences in metabolism using C. elegans worms. They identified a novel metabolic condition linked to variation in the hphd-1 gene, which has implications for personalized medicine and tailoring dietary advice and disease treatment to an individual's genome sequence.
A University of Illinois research effort has accelerated imaging techniques to visualize small molecules clearly, enabling better understanding of their chemical processes and synthesis. The team's discovery unlocks potential in everyday life applications, from plastics to pharmaceuticals.
The ClearBuds earbuds use a novel microphone system and real-time machine-learning to enhance the speaker's voice and reduce background noise. They achieved better performance than Apple AirPods Pro in signal-to-distortion ratio tests.
Scientists from Shibaura Institute of Technology developed a simple method to produce polyethylenimine-based network polymers by dissolving triaziridine compounds in water. The resulting porous polymers exhibit versatile properties, including tailored morphological and mechanical characteristics.
A team of scientists has uncovered new information about Mendel's work, revealing that he began with practical objectives as a plant breeder before exploring underlying biological processes. This work laid the foundation for modern genetics and was only recognized 34 years after its publication.
Researchers created a detailed map of how immune genes function together, shedding light on the basic drivers of immune cell function and immune diseases. The study found interconnected regulatory networks that can help explain why mutations in different genes lead to the same disease or how drugs impact multiple immune proteins.
Researchers found specific T-cell populations expanded after immune therapy treatment, predicting which patients would respond best to the treatment. These biomarkers could help select patients for future trials to improve outcomes.
A new biohybrid composite material demonstrates improved elasticity and fracture energy compared to existing zwitterionic materials, making it suitable for regenerative medicine applications. The material's biocompatibility allows it to recruit cells and support tissue regeneration.
A new machine learning model uses network-based biomarkers to predict patient response to immunotherapy in multiple cancer types, enabling personalized treatment plans. The study improves upon conventional methods, increasing accuracy and benefiting more patients.
A study of 3069 ICU patients found racial and ethnic disparities in oxygen supplementation, with Asian, Black, and Hispanic patients receiving less oxygen than white patients. Pulse oximeter performance may be contributing factor to these disparities.
A study published in Environmental Research found that prenatal exposure to specific phthalates is associated with a slightly elevated risk of children starting puberty between 7 and 10 years old. Higher prenatal exposure to certain phthalates, such as DEHP, was linked to an increased risk of puberty onset, particularly in normal-weigh...
Asteroids like Bennu and Ryugu appear rough due to the loss of fine-grained regolith caused by tiny space dust grains hopping around on their surfaces. This process may help small asteroids migrate faster through space, affecting their orbits.
Rice chemists adapt flashing process to synthesize pure boron nitride and boron carbon nitride flakes with varying degrees of carbon. The flakes show promise as an effective anticorrosive coating, protecting copper surfaces up to 92% better than traditional compounds.
The study found that patients with severe stress-induced myocardial ischemia are likely to benefit from heart bypass surgery or angioplasty, while those with mild or no ischemia are not. Early revascularization was associated with a more than 30 percent reduction in mortality compared to patients treated with medication.
A rare fossil flower of the Euphorbiaceae family has been discovered in 30-million-year-old amber, along with a parasitic wasp. The flower, named Plukenetia minima, is notable for its small size and lengthy stalk. The wasp, Hambletonia dominicana, was found to have an egg that hatches into a fly larva within the flower's seed pods.
Rice University bioscientists have developed a novel approach to control the expression of 'silent' genes in bacteria using CRISPR technology. This strategy could lead to the discovery of new antibiotics and has potential applications in antifungal and anticancer agents, as well as agriculture.
Researchers at Osaka University identified Src as a key molecule in the process of epithelial cells becoming invasive and cancerous. The study found that CDCP1 forms a molecular scaffold that activates Src, promoting cancer cell invasion.
A Rutgers study suggests that using automated traffic safety cameras as a tool to limit racially divisive interactions with the police can increase public support. The research found that emphasizing the technology's role in reducing racial profiling and minimizing police-driver interactions can broaden support for the cameras, particu...
The study compares the behavior of flat (1D), cylindrical (2D) and spherical (3D) micromirrors for free-space light coupling. Silicon micromirrors were fabricated and used to experimentally validate the coupling efficiency in visible and near infrared wavelengths.
Researchers measured wolf sleep using non-invasive EEG, finding similarities with dog sleep but less REM time. The study offers a unique opportunity to understand the effects of domestication and cohabitation on wolf sleep phenotypes.
Astronomers observe a star's destruction and discover that most of its material forms a spherical cloud, blocking high-energy emissions. The polarization of light from the event reveals symmetry in the cloud.
A longitudinal cohort study found significant reductions in liver disease and mortality among people with HCV infection who received treatment. The study's findings suggest that continued testing, treatment, and community-based interventions could lead to the elimination of HCV infection within the next decade.
Researchers used logistic regression and a recommendation algorithm to predict CME arrival times, achieving better results than using either method alone. The hybrid model improved forecast accuracy by providing a reference for similar historical events.
A team of researchers developed a nanoparticle probe that can detect an indicator of heart damage from chemotherapy. Experiments revealed that intermittent fasting before chemotherapy can prevent this damage and preserve cardiac function.
A systematic review of US-based studies on Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) reveals a lack of racial and ethnic data, potentially impacting treatment and diagnosis. The study highlights the need for inclusive research designs to address growing concerns about racial disparities in HHT care.
A study published in CMAJ found that patients who received care from physicians speaking their primary language had shorter hospital stays and fewer falls and infections. Francophones had a 24% lower risk of death, while allophones had a 54% lower risk.
A study found that consuming extra virgin olive oil during pregnancy increases the level of phenolic compounds in breast milk. These compounds can cross the placental barrier and be present in higher concentrations in the offspring's plasma than in the mother's plasma.
New research by Cardiff University scientists has found that certain types of face masks are unsafe for wearing in and around MRI machines due to the presence of magnetic components. The study recommends a colour-coded system to distinguish between 'MRI safe' and 'MRI unsafe' masks to prevent complications during scans.
Researchers observed a novel type of excitation, called a polaron, where collective oscillations of the electron and its screening cloud arise at terahertz frequencies. These oscillations persist for tens of picoseconds and are impulsively triggered by ultrafast electron localization.
Researchers used machine learning techniques on a statewide database of handgun transactions to forecast firearm suicide risk. The study found a significant association between handgun sales and subsequent firearm suicides.
Researchers have demonstrated a significant improvement in fibre-integrated quantum memories, achieving an entanglement storage time of over 1000 microseconds. The fully integrated device enables the use of sophisticated control systems, allowing for improved scalability and compatibility with telecommunications infrastructure.
Researchers have discovered that pocket gophers cultivate and harvest their own root crops to meet their high energy demands. This unique behavior, known as root cropping, is believed to be a key factor in the gophers' ability to maintain extensive tunnel systems.
Scientists at the University of Tsukuba have developed a theoretical model to describe the motion of ultrasound waves in liquids containing multiple bubbles, which may enable advances in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of ultrasound technology. The new equations can also be used to enhance microbubble-enhanced medical applicati...
Researchers discovered compact starburst galaxies cloaked in thick dust clouds that contributed significantly to the total star formation rate. The study found that previous estimates of gas masses were overestimated by a factor of 2-3 due to light being blocked inside the clouds.
Researchers from Osaka University found that facial similarity plays a crucial role in ratings of trustworthiness for observers of the same sex, but not for observers of opposite sex. The study suggests that facial similarity is an important factor affecting social judgments for same-sex interactions.
University of Toronto researchers develop a lab-grown model of the human left heart ventricle made with living heart cells. The bioartificial tissue construct beats strongly enough to pump fluid inside a bioreactor and offers new possibilities for studying heart diseases and testing potential therapies. Future work aims to increase the...
Researchers predict plankton will store more carbon in the coming century due to climate warming. However, uncertainty remains for storage beyond the end of the century, which could impact future climate change.
A large-scale study analyzing 29 studies and 139,624 participants found that people who viewed tobacco content on social media are more likely to report using tobacco. The study also identified susceptible individuals who may be influenced by pro-tobacco content.
Three new hawk moth species have been discovered in The Bahamas, measuring only about the length of a vitamin pill. Their small size is thought to be an adaptation to survive harsh weather conditions such as hurricanes and drought.
Researchers captured the first images of an autoantibody bound to a nerve cell surface receptor, providing insight into neurological autoimmune disease. This discovery could lead to new ways to diagnose and treat autoimmune conditions.
Pooled estimates from 22 international studies indicate a 20% reduction in total daily physical activity among children and adolescents during the pandemic. The findings highlight the need for bolstered access to support and resources related to physical activity to ensure good health and social functioning during pandemic recovery.
A joint study by HKUST and HKUMed researchers has identified a broadly neutralizing antibody, ZCB11, that protects Syrian hamsters against all SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants. The antibody demonstrates potent antiviral activities and can protect lung infection under both prophylactic and therapeutic conditions.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 surrogates can survive on meat products in the refrigerator or freezer for up to 30 days. The study used chicken, beef, pork, and salmon, as well as viruses with spikes similar to those on SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers have identified immune signatures that can distinguish between mild and severe febrile neutropenia (FN) episodes in child cancer patients. This breakthrough could prevent thousands of low-risk cancer patients from undergoing unnecessary treatment.
The study reveals that TAD boundaries, insulating properties of which are based on the binding of protein CTCF, can vary in strength depending on individual site properties. This finding has implications for understanding genetic diseases and cancer.
Researchers found that Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients treated in the ICU had greater discrepancies between SpO2 levels detected using pulse oximeters versus levels detected in blood samples. These discrepancies led to lower rates of supplemental oxygen being administered to these groups compared to white patients.
Researchers have developed microsupercapacitors that can be integrated onto stone tiles, enabling high-performance and customizable power from natural building materials. The devices maintain a high energy storage capacity even after multiple charge-discharge cycles.
Quantitative disease resistance is a promising approach to combat plant diseases, which cause an estimated 13% loss of global crop yields annually. Researchers aim to identify disease resistance mechanisms for important corn diseases and develop genetic resources for the broader maize genetics community.