Researchers have created a photoacoustic imaging endoscope probe that can fit inside a medical needle, resolving subcellular-scale tissue structural and molecular information in 3D. The device has an ultra-thin design, allowing for real-time 3D characterization of tissue during minimally invasive procedures.
Scientists uncover ancient herpes DNA, revealing the virus's prehistoric origins around 5,000 years ago. The discovery suggests a link between the emergence of facial herpes and cultural practices like romantic and sexual kissing in Europe during the Bronze Age.
Researchers at LMU and NUS have successfully implemented device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD), a new method for secure communication. This breakthrough enables the creation of secret keys with uncharacterized devices, improving the security of quantum networks.
Researchers have created a new, more efficient way to produce antibiotics with an additional fluorine atom, which can improve pharmaceutical properties and combat drug-resistant bacteria. This breakthrough uses microscopic organisms to assemble the antibiotic, bypassing toxic chemicals.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that walking for exercise at a pace that induces leg pain or discomfort improves walking ability among people with peripheral artery disease. The study involved 264 participants who walked at home at either a comfortable pace or a pace that induced leg symptom...
A dramatic decline in wild bees' pollination services was observed at fruit farms in New Jersey and Pennsylvania over an 8-year period. The rate of visitation by bees decreased more than half between 2005 and 2012, with similar declines for other types of wild bees.
A study published in Science Robotics journal reveals that humans are unable to distinguish between a humanoid robot's response time variability and that of a human when interacting with the robot. This finding suggests robots can exhibit human-like behavior, raising questions about the blurring line between humans and machines.
A CCNY research team has developed a quantum algorithm that can simulate the evolution of interacting quantum particles, allowing for the study of high-temperature superconductors. This breakthrough could guide the search for new materials with unique properties.
A new study published in Neurology found that engaging in household chores, regular exercise, and frequent social visits may lower the risk of dementia. Participants who engaged in these activities had a 35%, 21%, and 15% lower risk of dementia compared to those who were less active.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory discovered a specific iron trichloride material hosting a spiral spin liquid in its honeycomb lattice structure. This finding provides a test bed for future studies of physics phenomena that may drive next-generation information technologies, including fractons and skyrmions.
Researchers at Texas A&M University's Center for Phage Technology have completed a study on phage therapy, identifying potential applications to fight multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. The study showed promise in treating Acinetobacter baumannii, a deadly pathogen found in hospital settings and the Middle East.
Researchers studied 31 children's social interactions with peers aged 2-4, finding they have more frequent and shorter interactions than great apes. Children learn quickly about coordinating behavior through exposure to multiple partners.
MIT scientists have developed 3D-printed plasma sensors that can be produced for tens of dollars in a matter of days, ideal for CubeSats. The sensors use a glass-ceramic material and can withstand wide temperature swings, measuring energy and conducting chemical analyses to predict weather or monitor climate change.
The study proposes the establishment of local Biological Control Agent (BCA) hubs to fight the devastating fall armyworm pest in Bangladesh. The hubs would be owner-managed by farm entrepreneurs and provide nucleus culture and technical support, allowing for non-linear business models that reverse low uptake of safer-to-use BCAs.
A study of 1,813 older women found that accelerated biological aging is associated with lower odds of living to be 90 years old and maintaining physical and cognitive function. Slower age acceleration was linked to a reduced risk of mortality.
A study by University of California San Diego found that cash transfers were more effective than workforce training in improving the lives of Rwandan youths. The research revealed that cash transfers improved ownership of assets and productive hours, while training only enhanced business knowledge.
Inserting magnesium fluoride between perovskite and electron-transport layers reduces charge recombination and enhances performance, leading to a 50 millivolt increase in open-current voltage and a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 29.3 percent.
Researchers found that innovation imprinting, where firms establish product priorities and build market capabilities before going public, helps companies beat the post-IPO innovation slump. This strategy also attracts investors with risk preferences that support innovation.
Scientists have discovered small plesiosaurs fossilized in a 100-million-year-old river system, suggesting some species may have lived in freshwater. The findings indicate that plesiosaurs were adapted to tolerate freshwater and possibly spent their lives there, like modern river dolphins.
A centuries-old tooth found on a Caribbean island yielded ancient DNA from a domesticated American horse, which was later discovered to be the oldest sequenced specimen in the Americas. The DNA analysis linked the horses to Spanish explorers who brought them to the mid-Atlantic region in the 16th century.
The study proposes a new statistical method to analyse population admixture, enabling more accurate determination of migration wave timing. The authors applied this method to Colombians and Mexicans, revealing two episodes of admixture in different time periods.
Researchers at Ural Federal University developed a mathematical model explaining anomalous behavior in melts, which can lead to creating materials with specific properties. The model accounts for nucleation and crystal growth, reducing supercooling and narrowing the two-phase layer.
A new study explores relationships between domestic cats' hormone levels, gut microbiomes, and social behaviors in cohabitating groups. The research found that low testosterone and cortisol concentrations enabled cats to share space, while high oxytocin levels were associated with less affiliative behavior.
A new model developed by Northwestern University researchers can predict areas susceptible to debris flows, enabling early warnings for people living in high-risk areas. The model simulates how water moves over wildfire burn scars, finding that burned areas cause faster and greater water flow, increasing the risk of landslides.
A new study reveals that mountain lion predation on wild donkeys is widespread and leads to changes in their behavior and ecological effects on desert wetlands. This interaction between predator and prey suggests a more dynamic ecosystem than previously thought.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes developed a tool called Retro-Cascorder, which logs a cell's genetic activity for days at a time. This allows scientists to create living biosensors that can record changes to their environment.
Recent US life expectancy increase does not correlate with better end-of-life health outcomes, research reveals. Disparities in disability at the end of life persist among black and less-educated women.
A recent study published in Blood Advances found a significant disparity in the representation of women among medical educators, with women comprising just 37.7% of speakers at hematology and medical oncology board review lectures. The study also highlights the importance of increasing diversity in educational opportunities to promote ...
A new study found an inverse association between breast cancer risk and n-3 PUFA consumption, especially in premenopausal women who are obese. Higher intake of marine n-3 PUFAs and total n-3 PUFAs was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer.
A research group developed a novel antifouling nanofiltration membrane by regulating pore size distribution through one-step multiple interfacial polymerization. The resulting membrane exhibits stronger antifouling performance and long-term stability, promising improved robustness in industrial liquid separation.
A new study finds that COVID-19 infections may predispose individuals to developing irreversible neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The research also suggests that the virus can cause long-term neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in the elderly and other vulnerable populations.
A new analysis of service dog-veteran pairs found that lower dog excitability and closer relationships between veterans and their dogs are associated with reduced PTSD symptoms. Better mental health outcomes were also linked to perceptions of easy care for the dog and more frequent interactions initiated by the veteran.
A study of 12,000 Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure at risk for requiring a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) found racial and sex disparities in LVAD access. Adjusting for individual poverty and community-level social determinants of health did not alter the inequity in one-year survival among groups.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new catalyst to improve butane conversion into butadiene, increasing efficiency and reducing byproducts. The breakthrough could make butadiene production more commercially viable and address the growing demand-supply imbalance.
Researchers found that lactating mothers expose their pups to triclosan, leading to early signs of liver damage that can progress to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Exposure to triclosan in early life may lay the groundwork for future development of fatty liver disease.
A recent study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that supplemental vitamin D did not lower the risk of fractures in healthy US adults. The research, which involved over 1,991 incident fractures and 5.3 years of follow-up, also showed no effects on major osteoporotic fractures or wrist/pelvic fractures.
Research found that everyday discrimination during COVID-19 led to increased odds of moderate to severe depression and suicidal ideation, particularly among Hispanic/Latino and Asian/Pacific Islander participants. The study highlights the need for clinicians and society to address the toll of discrimination on mental health.
A retrospective study found that patients with multiple architectural distortions on digital breast tomosynthesis were more likely to have high-risk pathology, but not significantly different frequencies of malignancy. Biopsy of all areas may be warranted for these patients.
A Nagoya University research group has developed an AI algorithm that can diagnose idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with high accuracy, based on non-invasive examinations and medical data. The technology may revolutionize medical care by allowing doctors to request AI-assisted diagnoses instead of specialists.
Researchers at OU's CQRT are developing quantum synchronization and organization using multiple experimental approaches. They aim to create a quantum network and better understand collective interactions, with potential implications for network synchronization and electrical power systems.
A recent study from University of East Anglia compared 13 face shield styles in laboratory settings and surveyed over 600 people in Nigeria and Brazil about their views on face shields as PPE. The results showed that all face shields provided some protection, but none gave high levels against external droplets.
Researchers found that genetic variations in the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor impact its interaction with psychedelic drugs. Seven variants uniquely altered the receptor's response to psilocin, LSD, 5-MeO-DMT, and mescaline.
A synthetic control analysis of California's millionaire tax found that additional funding could improve mental health outcomes. The study suggests that investing in mental health programs may have prevented up to 5,500 suicides over a 14-year period.
Researchers discovered a specific gut bacterial strain, Klebsiella aerogenes, that produces histamine and triggers abdominal pain in IBS patients. The study found that reducing histamine production by colonizing mice with low fermentable carbohydrates led to decreased pain.
Scientists from A*STAR and Fudan University found that placing 2D materials on substrates with bulged morphologies enhances carrier mobility by two orders, paving the way for competitive performance in field-effect transistors and thermoelectric devices. The discovery overcomes the intrinsic carrier mobility limit of the material.
A study published in PLOS ONE analyzed the oldest domestic horse specimen from the Americas, revealing a genetic lineage linked to Southern Europe. The findings support the hypothesis that horses originated on the Iberian Peninsula and highlight the importance of ancient DNA in understanding cultural and historical processes.
The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer or refer adults without cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to behavioral counseling interventions promoting a healthy diet and physical activity. This recommendation aims to reduce the burden of CVD by encouraging lifestyle modifications.
A new study co-authored by economist Dr. Reto Odermatt found that educational and occupational aspirations are important predictors of career success, with ambitious goals motivating people to invest more in their future career success. However, unrealistically high aspirations as a teenager can have negative effects on well-being as a...
A new AI program identified four variables for a swinging double-pendulum, but the remaining two variables remain a mystery. The AI successfully predicted physical phenomena in other systems, such as air dancers and lava lamps, with varying numbers of variables.
Researchers have found correlations between retina and brain structures altered in Alzheimer's disease in healthy subjects at risk. These findings suggest the retina may provide information on brain state and changes, paving the way for new diagnostic tools.
Researchers at University of Queensland have found that native New Zealand stinging tree toxins activate pain receptors differently than Australian counterparts, offering potential for novel pain medication. The study aimed to understand pain pathways and tackle chronic pain effectively without side effects and addiction.
A study published in Journal of Virology reveals that primary cells from various bat species do not support SARS-CoV-2 replication, even those expressing ACE2, a key receptor for the virus. This finding contradicts previous theories about bats as potential reservoirs of the virus.
A new study led by Dartmouth researchers provides the clearest understanding yet of supermassive black holes' life cycles. By analyzing X-ray telescope data and a new data analysis technique, scientists found that accretion rates vary significantly depending on how obscured an object is by gas and dust ring.
A recent study published in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that only 35.9% of articles reported patient race, 15.4% reported ethnicity, and 8.3% reported income. Including demographics in multivariable analyses is crucial to determine the applicability of study results to diverse patient populations.
Patient-centered medical homes can bring meaning to healthcare by focusing on individualized outcomes and personal growth. By incorporating narrative medicine and goal-oriented care, primary care physicians can transform practices into truly person-centered models of care.
Scientists have developed a novel method to probe the longitudinal distribution of light-matter interaction in gap-mode plasmonic nanocavities. By embedding monolayer MoS2 as an emitter in the nanogap, they achieve spatial resolution of ~1 nm and observe significant photoluminescence enhancement factors up to 2800 times.
A study published in JAMA found that FDA warning letters resulted in increased product recalls and the removal of prohibited drugs from dietary supplements. The investigation aimed to assess the frequency of recalls and presence of FDA-prohibited substances after issuing warning letters.
A new 'optofluidic' system designed at the University of Toronto Engineering can enable buildings to save energy by dynamically changing the appearance of their exteriors. The system uses carefully controlled fluid injections to create a dynamic shading system, reducing the need for heating, cooling and lighting systems.
Researchers have identified a molecular mechanism behind worm olfaction, revealing how they discriminate between over 1,300 scents despite having only 32 olfactory neurons. The discovery involves the conserved protein arrestin, which helps fine-tune multiple sensations in both worms and humans.
A cross-sectional study found that the elderly's daily step count and physical activity level are strongly influenced by the number of places they visit, not just their out-of-home time. The researchers suggest that encouraging outings to diverse locations can be a healthier approach than simply going for longer periods.