A recent study published in Environment International found that young adults exposed to higher levels of ambient and household air pollution had poorer lung function. Household air pollution from unvented biomass stoves was particularly detrimental, causing a significant decrease in lung capacity.
A team of researchers from Kyushu University has developed an olfactory sensor capable of identifying individuals by analyzing the compounds in their breath. The system, combined with machine learning, achieved an average accuracy of over 97% in authenticating up to 20 individuals.
A new study by Ohio State University researcher Michael Betz found that fighting in the NHL does not reduce violent penalties, but rather increases them. Fights lead to more penalties, not less, contradicting league officials' arguments for keeping fighting in the game.
Asteroseismology helps determine mass, age, and features of stars in globular clusters, such as M4. A sample of 37 stars was analyzed, with most being red giants and others horizontal branch stars. The study provides an asteroseismic characterization of the stellar populations, shedding light on their origins and chemical characteristics.
A study published in Neurology found that acupuncture can reduce the average number of headache days per month for those struggling with chronic tension-type headaches. The treatment resulted in a significant reduction in headache frequency, with participants experiencing a decrease from 20 to 7 days per month.
King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) researchers have created a new membrane material that separates nitrogen from methane based on their shape difference. This approach reduces purification costs for natural gas by up to 73% compared to existing methods, offering an energy-efficient solution.
Researchers explored agri-food and environmental implications of Shanghai's pesticide use reduction policy, finding that imposing the policy at district level reduced crop acreage but alleviated pollution in water resources. The study suggests regional-level implementation can improve outcomes while maintaining food security.
A new AI system uses artificial neural networks to recognize objects more accurately and stably, despite changing visual inputs. The system mimics human eye movements to improve machine vision capabilities, reducing errors in self-driving cars and other applications.
Researchers from Osaka University have developed a system to coat nematodes with hydrogel sheaths that can carry functional cargo. The study found that the sheaths protect the worms from UV light and hydrogen peroxide while allowing them to deliver anti-cancer agents to kill cancer cells in vitro.
Researchers Francesca Scala and Michael Orsini analyze Canadian policy texts highlighting the negative impacts of older motherhood on women who give birth later in life. The study reveals ageism, ableism, and a focus on biomedical risks in current policy discourse.
A recent study at Tokyo Institute of Technology reveals that dopamine regulates insulin secretion through a complex of receptors, specifically D1 and D2. The discovery offers new insights into the mechanism behind this regulation and has potential therapeutic targets for preventing, treating, and managing diabetes.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique called PICASSO that allows for the use of more than 15 colors to image and parse overlapping proteins. This approach, which employs artificial intelligence, enables accurate information unmixing without reference spectra measurements, making it suitable for complex specimens like the brain.
Researchers at the University of Bonn present a mobile sensor system called forceX to measure insect bite forces, allowing them to understand how these forces evolved. The system achieves high accuracy, with a deviation of only 2.2 percent between measurements.
A retrospective study found over 40,000 Twitter users used pandemic misinformation hashtags in 220,000 tweets. By January 2021, a fifth of these accounts were suspended by Twitter.
A new study published in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry found that plant-based meat substitutes contain proteins that are not as easily absorbed by human cells. The researchers used a model meat alternative made from soy and wheat gluten, which was found to have lower peptide uptake than chicken meat.
A team of scientists used the flickering light of gas around a black hole to construct an accurate model of our galaxy's central black hole. They found that gas is directly infalling from large distances, rather than being siphoned off over time.
Researchers found that patients who felt younger at hospital admission showed better functional independence at discharge. This effect was seen in both those rehabilitated from osteoporotic fractures and strokes. A younger subjective age is associated with improved rehabilitation outcomes, stronger than chronological age or physical mu...
Researchers discovered 40,000 biosynthetic gene clusters in ocean microorganisms, including a new species with giant genome size. These clusters may hold key to new natural products with antibiotic properties. Collaboration between ETH Zurich and Jörn Piel's group validated the structure and function of two promising molecules.
The University of Huddersfield is leading a €1.5 million global research project to understand the impact of platform-driven change on public service media. The project will analyze data from 130 interviews, programs, and policy documents across six countries to deliver recommendations for securing public value.
Researchers at NIST developed LANTERN, a new statistical tool that can predict protein function while providing interpretable explanations. The tool has shown promise in predicting genetic edits for COVID-19, E. coli, and GFP proteins, achieving high predictive accuracy.
A new study found that while timely heart attack treatment has improved over time, disparities persist among female patients and patients from underrepresented racial groups. The study analyzed data from over 450,000 California hospital records between 2005 and 2015.
The Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s (GOED) has introduced an interactive tool to catalog all human studies on EPA and DHA omega-3s. The Clinical Study Database (CSD) provides a comprehensive searchable database with over 45,000 studies, allowing users to filter by outcome, population demographics, study size or dosage.
SourceGOED·JournalProstaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids·DateJun 22, 2022
The study found that children diagnosed with COVID-19 in all age groups were more likely to experience at least one symptom for two months or longer than the control group. Most common symptoms included mood swings, fatigue, and trouble remembering.
Researchers found that board gender diversity is positively associated with firms' social commitment to human rights, product responsibility, and community engagement. Having female directors can indicate a company's commitment to creating a positive social impact.
SourceWiley·JournalCorporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management·DateJun 22, 2022
Scientists at Max Born Institute create novel method to probe magnetic thin film systems, identifying heat injection from platinum layer as cause of magnetization changes. The approach allows femtosecond temporal and nanometer spatial resolution, paving way for studying ultrafast magnetism and device-relevant geometries.
Researchers are developing a health scorecard to predict dementia risk using brain scans, genetics, and biomarkers. The study will analyze diverse populations between ages 65-90, providing insights into contributing factors like diabetes or hypertension that can be addressed to modify the risk.
Researchers analyzed 96 fired clay fragments across 11 islands to reconstruct ancient trade routes in the Caribbean. The study found that the cultural hub was centered on the northwest coast of Hispaniola, challenging previous assumptions about the region's historical significance.
A global study found that half of a tree species' distribution is in unprotected landscapes, with 13.6% having no protection at all. The researchers propose protecting 17% of land areas to safeguard tree diversity, covering 66-83% of their habitats.
A Southwest Research Institute-led team used the Hubble Space Telescope to create near-global UV maps of Europa, revealing concentrations of sulfur dioxide on the moon's trailing side. The results provide insights into the composition of Europa's subsurface ocean and its potential for life.
A study published in PLOS ONE found an association between reduced estrogen and progesterone levels and increased risk of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea in postmenopausal women. Low estrogen levels were linked to a 19% decreased odds of snoring, while low progesterone levels were associated with a 9% decrease.
Researchers investigated well-defined metal-organic ensembles for efficient carbon dioxide reduction, highlighting the importance of structural engineering and metal center tuning. The study aims to inspire design and fabrication of high-performance CO2 reduction electrocatalysts.
A nationwide survey in Ghana found nearly half of adults held discriminatory attitudes towards COVID-19 survivors. This suggests a pressing need for targeted public education initiatives to address these biases.
A cross-sectional survey of 5,000 Japanese students found that online classes during COVID-19 school closures were associated with lower rates of emotional symptoms and smartphone addiction. The study suggests that implementing online classes could be a protective measure for adolescents' mental health during national school closures.
Researchers created a light-activated fish robot that rapidly swims around and removes microplastics from waterways. The robot's unique material allows it to heal itself and maintain its ability to adsorb pollutants.
A large study published in the European Society of Cardiology found that COVID-19 vaccines are not associated with an increased risk of heart attack or stroke in patients with established cardiovascular disease. The study analyzed data from over 229,000 patients and found no evidence of elevated risk after vaccination.
Researchers used microcircuit models of basal ganglia and thalamus areas to create multiscale models of Parkinson's patient and healthy control brain. They found that in-silico deep brain stimulation could normalize decreased firing rates in subcortical regions, but also caused differential activity in the motor cortex.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding cannabis biology by using firefly genes to study trichome development and cannabinoid synthesis. By cloning promoters and expressing firefly luciferase, researchers can evaluate signals that orchestrate cannabinoid production and trichome development.
A new study found that COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective for patients treated for lung cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the vaccine's immunogenicity was lower in these patients, raising concerns that require further evaluation.
Researchers from Mount Sinai found a significant connection between the immune system and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disease. The study analyzed mice and human samples using state-of-the-art technologies, revealing peculiar immune signatures that distinguish different forms of ALS.
A study using administrative data from universities found that women are 13% less likely to be named as authors in scientific articles compared to men, and 59% less likely to receive patent credits for their work. Women also reported being excluded from authorship more often than men and facing biases and discrimination.
Researchers found hyperactive amygdala-pons connectivity in individuals with major depressive disorder, associated with severity of psychological symptoms. The pons interacts with the amygdala to process sad affective information, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for mood regulation.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a chemical process that can add two distinct functional groups to single alkenes, a breakthrough in drug design and materials science. The process uses manganese catalysts and photocalysts to enable radical ligand transfer, allowing for the creation of unique molecules.
Scientists at the University of Vienna have successfully measured the migration of carbon atoms on graphene's surface using an indirect method. By heating the material and observing the effect on stability, they determined the energy barrier to be 0.33 electronvolts.
Researchers at University of Southern Denmark discover that certain fatty acids can neutralize disease-causing bacteria by turning off their ability to infect and spread. The discovery has potential implications for developing new treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections.
A new study found that COVID-19 booster shots significantly increase neutralizing antibodies in nursing home residents and their caregivers, offering improved protection against Omicron variants. This research highlights the importance of booster vaccinations for vulnerable populations, including those living at home.
Citizen scientists can help categorize tens of thousands of images from NASA's Juno spacecraft to identify atmospheric vortices and learn about the physics behind their formation. The project aims to study Jupiter's atmosphere and create a computer algorithm for future identification, also benefiting research on Earth's weather patterns.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center developed a targeted immunotoxin that delivers into breast ducts, eliminating visible and invisible precancerous lesions in laboratory studies. The treatment showed strong cancer-killing effects in all cell lines and was well-tolerated in mouse models.
A new study on bonobo social structure may hold clues to understanding human cooperation. Researchers found four neighboring groups of bonobos maintaining exclusive and stable borders, showing they interact regularly and peacefully with each other.
A systematic review evaluated patient-reported outcome measures assessing health-related quality of life for adults and adolescents with acne. The review found that these measures can provide valuable insights into the impact of acne on patients' lives, highlighting the need for better standardization and evaluation of these tools.
A recent study published in eLife has revealed that high levels of soluble tau protein impair signaling between neurons, leading to cognitive decline. The research suggests that targeting the binding site of dynamin, a protein that binds to microtubules, may rescue synaptic transmission and prevent memory impairment.
A Rutgers team created an AI-powered framework that detects trespassing events, differentiates violators, and generates video clips of infractions. The system analyzed 1,632 hours of archival footage and found nearly 70% of trespassers were men, with most incidents occurring on Saturdays around 5 p.m.
A Quebec research team has successfully synthesized carbon quantum dots from brewery waste, offering a biocompatible alternative to traditional materials. The eco-responsible approach uses microbrewery waste as a source material, reducing the need for pure chemicals and toxins.
Researchers have developed a cryoprotectant that can effectively store organs and tissues for years, not just hours. The discovery could lead to the development of thousands of new cryoprotective agents tailored to specific cell types, reducing organ shortages and waiting lists.
Research found significant disparities in cardiac rehabilitation participation by race/ethnicity regardless of income. Cardiac rehabilitation programs combine physical activity with counseling to improve recovery after a major cardiovascular event.
Researchers found that aerobic exercise improves autonomic regulation of the heart and contributes to proper functioning of the cardiovascular system. Walking for 45 minutes three times a week increased heart rate variability, a scientifically validated parameter to assess the functioning of the autonomic nervous system.
Scientists have created a new technology that can manipulate light in non-reciprocal ways, allowing for more advanced applications in quantum computing. The innovation uses nanostructured surfaces to convert infrared light into visible light, enabling the creation of specific photon conditions.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba found that intense feelings of social alienation and obsessive passion are linked to support for political violence. This study highlights the importance of understanding these psychological factors in preventing violent extremism, a pressing concern in today's world.
A new study by UPF's Neuronal Dynamics Research Group elucidated the mechanisms that regulate the balance between neurons and stem cells during brain formation. The study found that Notch signalling pathway triggers asymmetric cell divisions, allowing rhombomeric boundary cells to form neurons while maintaining stem cells.
A closed-loop self-powered low-level vagus nerve stimulation system based on a hybrid nanogenerator has been developed for treating atrial fibrillation. The system successfully reduced AF duration by 90% and improved myocardial fibrosis and connexin levels in an in vivo study.
The study investigated changes in vaccine recipient demographics before and after digital and community-based outreach interventions in an underserved NYC community. The findings suggest a positive impact on vaccine uptake among racial and ethnic groups, highlighting the effectiveness of these interventions.
Researchers created a new gel that can protect fragile objects like eggs by adding starch to gelatin, reducing impact force up to 15%. The gel's flexibility and impact absorption make it suitable for sports equipment, defense materials, and packaging.
Researchers at Scripps Research have identified a protein in sensory nerves that detects mechanical itch, which could lead to better drug treatments for chronic itch conditions. The discovery was made by Ardem Patapoutian and his team, who found that PIEZO1 is expressed in two types of sensory neurons implicated in chemical itch.
This special issue examines how culture influences curriculum, highlighting research on China, Singapore, and the UAE. It discusses topics such as morality development, parental involvement, policy reform, and cultural values in early childhood education.
Researchers describe a mechanism by which inhibitory neurons in a specific brain region suppress nausea-causing excitatory neurons. Activating these inhibitory neurons with the chemical messenger GIP eliminates nausea behaviors in mice, offering an alternative approach to reducing nausea.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict COVID-19 transmission in train carriages, finding that risk is constant regardless of location and that masks are more effective than social distancing in reducing transmission. The study highlights the importance of improving ventilation systems on trains to keep passengers safe.
Scientists investigated the local structure of a high-entropy Cantor alloy using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, revealing structural relaxations in chromium atoms and no evidence of secondary phases. The study correlated these findings with macroscopic magnetic properties.
A survey of specialist surgeons reveals that most would opt for polypropylene mesh mid-urethral sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence, but conventional abdominal surgery with mesh or vaginal reconstruction is preferred for pelvic organ prolapse. The study aims to alleviate the negative stigma associated with mesh use.
A team of researchers at Osaka University developed a new method for direct three-dimensional bonding of copper electrodes using silver, enabling reliable connections at low temperatures without external pressure. The process can be performed under gentle conditions, resulting in permanent connections as small as 20 micrometers.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire have found that a repurposed drug compound can inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2's main protease enzyme. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments and slow the spread of COVID-19, an RNA virus known for causing seasonal epidemics.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can predict which patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are at highest risk of developing liver cancer. The test analyzes protein levels in blood samples and has been shown to accurately identify those who should be screened regularly for liver cancer.
A recent study of 7,073 adults found that those with glaucoma had higher cognitive function scores but steeper declines over 18 years. The association was small and unlikely to be clinically meaningful.
A study of 552 older adults found that those exposed to light during sleep were significantly more likely to develop obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes. The study suggests that minimizing light exposure at night can help prevent these conditions.
A new University of Maine study reveals that temperatures are rising at different rates in various locations across the state's wild blueberry fields, particularly during the fall, winter, and summer. The findings suggest that warmer daytime and nighttime temperatures increase carbon dioxide production and alter the carbon cycle.
The American Society of Anesthesiologists has published new guidance to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from inhaled anesthetics. The guidance provides actionable steps for healthcare professionals to minimize the impact on climate change while maintaining quality outcomes and patient safety.
Researchers investigate the search for Majorana fermions in iron-based superconductors, which could enable topological quantum computing and ultra-low energy electronics. The existence of Majorana zero-energy modes in topological superconductors makes them a promising candidate material for realizing these technologies.
A large analysis of reproductive health data has found a significant association between infertility, miscarriage, and stillbirth with an increased risk of non-fatal and fatal stroke in women. Women who experienced recurrent miscarriages or stillbirths were at higher risk of stroke, particularly those with a history of infertility.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine conducted a groundbreaking xenotransplant surgery, implanting a genetically modified pig heart into a 57-year-old patient with terminal heart disease. The patient survived for two months with a strong functioning heart showing no obvious signs of rejection.
A new study presents a protein-reduced, Nordic-style diet that increases fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption in infants, establishing a preferable eating pattern. The diet was well-tolerated and did not negatively affect growth or breastfeeding duration.
Researchers developed a thin-layer version of barium titanate, enabling faster switching and lower voltages for next-gen memory and logic devices. The findings could pave the way for more sustainable computing power with reduced energy consumption.
A prospective study compared CEM and MRI for NAT response assessment in patients with breast cancer. CEM yielded comparable assessments of lesion size and RECIST categories as MRI, but with lower sensitivity for pathologic complete response. Delayed CEM acquisition detected residual ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
Despite lower hospitalizations for strokes and mini-strokes during the pandemic, patients with stroke experienced no decline in overall quality of care and outcomes. Missing blood pressure checks were associated with higher short-term and long-term mortality rates.
Researchers developed a method to generate and analyze metal nanoclusters in-situ using UV laser dissociation-mass spectrometry. The technique revealed the generation of multiply charged gold nanoclusters with varying adsorption activities, which may promote discovery and application of active metal nanoclusters.
Researchers at Nagoya University discovered a tubulin homolog protein in the archaeon Odinarchaeota, which forms microtubules critical to cell organization. The study reveals an intermediate structure between bacterial and eukaryotic cells, shedding light on the evolution of complex cellular features.
A team of researchers at North Carolina State University has developed a technique to align gold nanorods using magnetic fields while maintaining their optical properties. The method involves coating the nanorods with iron oxide nanoparticles and controlling their alignment using a low-strength magnetic field.
A new study using a large dataset from universities reveals that women are less likely than men to receive authorship credit for their work, particularly in early stages of their careers. Women were also less likely to be listed as authors on high-impact articles and faced underestimation of their contributions.
A team of researchers uncovered new genomics evidence of unique differences in heart muscle cells and immune systems of CHD patients, providing a roadmap for personalized medicine. The study aims to improve the natural history of congenital heart disease by targeting individual cell types and gene pathways.
A recent study examined changes in Korean adults' diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors from 2007 to 2018. The research found declining trends in diet quality and increasing risks of obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes.
A new species of sea anemone has been discovered off the coast of Japan, forming a symbiotic relationship with the hermit crab. The anemone attaches itself to the crab's shell using a hard shell-like secretion, while the crab taps and pinches the anemone to move it to its new shell.
A new molecule called embigin has been discovered to regulate sebaceous gland progenitor cell function. Embigin binds to fibronectin and directs transport proteins for lipid synthesis, playing a crucial role in sebum production.
Researchers at FAU Harbor Branch develop an ocean model to study connectivity between the Everglades and Florida Keys via Florida Bay. The tool aims to predict changes in responses to water management, ecological restoration and climate change.
A research team at MedUni Vienna has discovered key mechanisms of mugwort allergy, laying the foundation for a potential vaccine. The study found that fragments of the major mugwort pollen allergen can be used for effective therapy, providing a promising first step towards causal therapy and prevention.
Biomarkers have been identified that could be targeted by novel drugs to treat glioblastoma brain tumors, which are highly lethal. The researchers found that temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma relies on a protein called CLK2, and that inhibiting its activity can cause widespread cancer cell death.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered a protein interaction that may be an Achilles heel of tuft cell lung cancer. Disrupting this interaction could lead to more targeted therapies for the deadly disease, which originates from cells known as tuft cells.
The article provides guidance on alternative imaging methods for interventional radiology procedures, including the use of intravascular ultrasound, alternative contrast agents such as gadolinium and carbon dioxide, and case prioritization strategies to optimize available supplies. The authors recommend creating a priority matrix and h...
SourceElsevier·JournalJournal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateJun 22, 2022
The deletion of the Wt1 gene leads to differences in sex development in adult mice, with ambiguous genital tracts and undifferentiated gonads observed in mutant females and males. The study suggests that the Wt1 gene is necessary for activating pathways determining male and female sex development.
Megalodon and its ancestors were at the highest trophic level in prehistoric marine food webs, consuming other predators and large prey. The team measured nitrogen isotopes in shark teeth to determine their trophic levels, revealing a complex food web with multiple apex predators.
Researchers from Delft University of Technology demonstrate that iterative modulation enhanced single-molecule localization microscopy has fundamental limitations, predicting a maximum improvement of five times compared to standard techniques. The study provides a method for informed choices and sheds light on the underlying science.
Researchers found that people with higher grit scores showed different patterns of cognitive performance, characterized as cautious control, but not necessarily enhanced cognitive ability. Grit was linked to low impulsivity and high mindfulness, related to self-regulation.
In the 2020 US House of Representatives elections, Democrats supporting the Green New Deal saw a significant increase in their vote share. This study examined the electoral appeal of climate policies, specifically the Green New Deal, and found that it resonated with voters.
A new study reveals that using portable HEPA filter air cleaners during pregnancy can improve cognitive development in children. The UGAAR randomized controlled trial found that children born to mothers with air cleaner use had higher intelligence quotients and verbal comprehension scores, indicating a potential benefit of reducing exp...
A research team from TU Darmstadt observed a neutral nucleus, the Tetra Neutron, consisting of four neutrons. The discovery provides a new system to test the nuclear force with pure neutrons, offering insights into neutron-star properties.
A new report highlights the nation's race and ethnicity data shortcomings, recommending federal leadership on standardizing demographic data collection and reporting across critical issue areas. The report aims to help policymakers craft solutions that take into account where resources should be concentrated to address racial disparities.
Researchers developed live-cell imaging to study chromosome segregation errors and their impact on embryonic development. They found that micronucleus formation during early cleavage division is a potential hallmark of preimplantation embryonic loss in cattle.
Researchers discovered a link between the astrocytic urea cycle and Alzheimer's disease memory loss. The study found that the urea cycle helps clean up toxic amyloid-beta aggregates, but its activation also causes the production of harmful byproducts, leading to neuronal death.
A new study by UC Berkeley political scientist David Broockman found that brief, cross-partisan conversations about sensitive political topics have scant power to narrow divisions. However, conversations about neutral topics can create some goodwill, and even these effects don't last.
A new model from researchers at the University of Southern California and Lund University suggests that spontaneous movements made by a fetus in the womb are key to getting the body's nervous system 'wired up.' This discovery has implications for treating neuromuscular disorders and designing better robots.
Researchers found that circulating cancer cells form metastases mainly during sleep phases, with higher cell division rates at night, suggesting a link between hormone regulation and tumor growth. This discovery highlights the need for healthcare professionals to record the time of biopsies to ensure comparable data.
A new study by UCLA surgeons has developed a technique to remove the Adam's apple with minimal scarring, offering a welcome solution for transgender women and nonbinary people who often face stigma due to neck scars. The procedure, called 'scarless' tracheal shave, is effective and can be performed in 90 minutes with minimal equipment.
A recent study found that approximately 43.5% of rivers worldwide have concerning concentrations of pharmaceutical ingredients, including antidepressants and painkillers. The research highlights the need to reduce emissions of these substances into the environment to mitigate their impact on river health.
A recent study published in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International found that Long COVID affects a significant proportion of people, with persistent symptoms such as fatigue, physical exhaustion, and difficulty concentrating. The study suggests that reducing the number of infections and changing attitudes are key to alleviating the sequela...
A new study highlights the main constraints to pumpkin and watermelon production in Uganda, including pests, diseases, and drought. The research provides recommendations for improving yields and increasing farmers' income, such as training on integrated pest management and establishing certified seed systems.
SourceCABI·JournalCABI Agriculture and Bioscience·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 22, 2022
Researchers found that medical industry-funded studies are more likely to conclude new treatments are cost-effective than independent research. This can lead to biased cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) and potentially higher prices for new drugs and technologies in insurance plans, affecting low- and middle-income countries.
Non-traditional pets like rodents, poultry, and reptiles can carry zoonotic pathogens that spread between animals and people. The study highlights the importance of preventing transmission through risk factors such as direct or indirect contact with infected animals.
A decade-long analysis of hockey penalties reveals no evidence that in-game fighting reduces undesirable violence. The study challenges claims suggesting fighting serves as a deterrent, instead indicating it may contribute to more aggressive behavior.
Two Rutgers studies project that offshore wind farms will reduce Atlantic surfclam catches by 3-15%, with losses reaching 25% in New Jersey. A spatially-explicit model, SEFES, predicts impacts on fishing behavior and revenue.
Researchers discovered that targeting the protein complex cBAF can increase memory T-cell generation, leading to improved CAR-T cell efficacy against solid tumors. By understanding the early decision points in T-cell activation, scientists can create more effective cancer therapies.
Researchers analyzed historical data from ice ages to understand how cold-adapted Arctic mammals responded to severe climate fluctuations. The study identified common patterns in the responses of different species and provided new models for interpreting their behavior.
The TU Dresden research group has successfully created an organic bipolar transistor, exceeding previous organic transistors in performance by a significant margin. The innovation enables faster data processing and opens up new perspectives for organic electronics in demanding tasks like data transmission.
Herbicide companies are shifting their research focus to address growing resistance, using AI, X-ray crystallography, and computer simulations to predict target enzymes and inhibit herbicides. This could lead to new commercial products, but experts caution farmers to moderate use and consider additional crop protection tools.
Patients experiencing dissociative symptoms after trauma may be at high risk of developing severe post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and social impairment. Early interventions are crucial for these individuals.
The study highlights opportunities for robotics to support human activities, foster innovation, and enhance monitoring. However, it also identifies potential threats such as exacerbating inequalities and diverting resources from tried-and-tested solutions. Researchers emphasize the need for early identification of negative impacts and ...
A study found that 77% of volunteers participated in multiple projects, but were overwhelmingly White and educated, suggesting existing programs may not be broadening public participation. Researchers suggest a shift to focusing on volunteers rather than individual projects to address these issues.
A research team has generated a single-cell atlas for amphioxus, a basal chordate species, providing insights into its developmental program and the origin of vertebrates. The study's findings reveal similar developmental trajectories and regulatory networks in amphioxus and other chordate model organisms.
A new PLOS study found that heterosexual couples who meet each other's love language preferences experience higher levels of relationship and sexual satisfaction. The study, which surveyed 100 couples over 6 months to 24 years, suggests that focusing on partners' love-language needs could be effective in relationship counseling.
Researchers explored how diverse opinions affect group behavior, finding that larger variance promotes conformity. In an experiment, participants conformed more to a group opinion when there was a broad spectrum of views.