An international research team developed nanometric light modulators to study neuronal tissue in deep brain regions. The new approach enables the creation of minimally invasive neural probes that can be used to study specific brain diseases, including brain tumors and epilepsy.
A new study by Bangor University suggests that a biodiversity offsetting scheme at Ambatovy mine in Madagascar has successfully achieved 'No Net Loss' of the unique forest habitat destroyed by the mine. The study, which used state-of-the-art approaches to evaluate the impact of the mine's strategy, found that the offsets have saved nea...
A new species of stegosaur, Bashanosaurus primitivus, has been discovered in China, dating back to the Middle Jurassic period, around 168 million years ago. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of stegosaurs and suggests that they may have originated in Asia.
A large US survey found a strong association between e-cigarette use and prediabetes, with users having higher prevalence of high-risk lifestyle factors and worse health status. The study's findings challenge the promotion of e-cigarettes as a safer smoking alternative.
Researchers at University of Surrey have developed an energy-harvesting wrist device using discarded paper wipes and plastic cups, which can transmit Morse code. The device is self-powered by materials that become electrically charged through electrostatic induction.
Researchers at Texas A&M University develop new touchscreen technology that can simulate virtual shapes through temperature variation. The approach increases friction at the finger-device level, allowing for immersive and accurate touch experiences.
A new study found significant increases in HPV-associated anal, oropharyngeal, and vulvar cancer in the US, particularly in low-income counties with high smoking rates. The increases were slower in higher-income areas.
A new study suggests introducing a maximum price-cap on cigarettes in the UK could help reduce smoking rates by limiting tobacco companies' pricing strategies. The proposed measure would standardise cigarette prices, making future tax rises more effective.
A team of scientists from Tokyo Institute of Technology and Japan have identified CVD-SiC and FeCrAl alloys as compatible with liquid LiPb at high temperatures. The findings provide crucial information for the development of sustainable fusion reactors.
Scientists have generated the first full assembly of a potato genome, unlocking breeding possibilities for new varieties. The tetraploid potato's complex genetic makeup has been simplified through sequencing pollen cells, enabling gene variants identification and breeding improvement.
Soil microbiota plays a crucial role in restoring soil function and ecosystem services. Research suggests that leveraging these microorganisms can improve land restoration technologies and return resilience to the soil-plant ecosystem.
Researchers found that polymer molecules interact with the flow around gas bubbles, causing a sudden increase in velocity. This knowledge can be used to predict oxygen input and design equipment for industries like biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.
A study found that resistance exercise improved sleep duration and efficiency, while aerobic exercise had limited effects. The findings suggest that incorporating resistance training into one's routine may help promote better sleep and improve overall cardiovascular health.
A new study reveals that corrections staff in Kentucky view incarcerated individuals as 'monsters' or 'evils', dehumanizing them to justify violent behavior. This us-them ideology can lead to abuse and harm, and has implications for prison management and the carceral system.
A meta-analysis of 15 studies found that taking more daily steps helps lower the risk of premature death, with benefits seen in adults younger and older than 60. The study suggests that walking at least 6,000-8,000 steps per day for older adults and 8,000-10,000 steps per day for younger adults may be optimal for longevity.
Researchers developed genetic modifications to increase stress resistance and immune evasion in stem cell-derived beta cells, leading to improved survival rates. The study suggests a potential breakthrough for treating type 1 diabetes through transplantation of these cells.
A recent study found that people with high levels of trust in government are more likely to have better workplace attitudes, adhere to COVID-19 guidelines and experience greater psychological well-being. The study suggests that communicating clearly and transparently can bolster trust at all levels.
Bees face challenges in foraging for food due to human activities such as pesticide use, pollution, and urbanization, affecting their ability to thrive. Mitigating these impacts through pollinator-friendly greenspaces and national bans on pesticides shows promise in alleviating pressures on bee populations.
The Vilcek Foundation will award three prizes of $50,000 each to early-career immigrant researchers in biomedical science. Past recipients include notable scientists such as Ibrahim Cissé and Viviana Gradinaru.
A study of 22 large cities across 14 countries reveals that more than one-quarter did not involve public health agencies in their climate change plans. Despite this, 73% reported having a public health department on their climate-plan teams. The researchers recommend enhancing public health agency involvement to target activities to th...
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study analyzed over 3,800 patients with prediabetes and found that only 13% received formal diagnosis, nutritionist referral, or metformin prescription. The researchers recommend improved screening and treatment options to prevent disease progression.
A recent survey of British academics reveals that significant political transformations like Brexit can negatively affect employee wellbeing, particularly when perceived as threatening rather than challenging. The study emphasizes the importance of job security and quality of co-worker relationships in maintaining personal wellbeing.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology developed a microchip capable of detecting ultra-low concentrations of prostate cancer antigens using flexible nanosheets. The chip's lower detection limit is comparable to that of large testing devices, enabling fast and accurate diagnosis.
A team of anthropologists examined spines from over 300 individuals and found that post-industrial humans have more lumbar wedging than pre-industrial people. Neandertals' spines were significantly different from those of post-industrial humans but not from pre-industrial people.
Researchers discover unique glycoprotein structure of Nipah and Hendra viruses, which could provide blueprint for vaccine design and antibody treatments. The findings suggest a multi-pronged approach to prevent and treat these deadly illnesses.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a model that uses brain scans to predict an individual's ability to pay attention. The study found that the brain's activity patterns can be used to create a unique fingerprint of attention abilities, which can help diagnose ADHD and improve focus.
Researchers analyzed user survey data and on-the-ground observations to understand e-scooter use and safety. The study found that older riders were less likely to experience crashes, while helmet use was lower in observed data compared to surveyed users.
Using a novel method to arrange molecules, Northwestern University researchers have created a material that performs even better than the glue they were trying to mimic. The protein-like polymer can be used as an adhesive in biomedical contexts, such as wound healing or repair.
Researchers at Lund University have created a scientifically accurate reconstruction of an ichthyosaur, a prehistoric marine reptile that lived for 160 million years. The team used clay sculpturing and 3D printing techniques to create the life-size model, which is now on public display.
Researchers developed a hair-thin patch that can measure pulse wave signals with high accuracy, creating a 2D pressure map on the wrist. This technology enables at-home diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and pre-diagnosis of related conditions.
Researchers found that some fish species can rapidly evolve molecular toolkits to cope with ocean acidification, allowing them to maintain population size and biodiversity. However, other species may struggle to adapt, highlighting the need for conservation efforts.
A new study from North Carolina State University found that feeling inclusive in the classroom is key to promoting STEM education and student engagement. Students who felt their classrooms were inclusive were more likely to feel like they belonged and engage with their STEM classes.
A study evaluating Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness found significant protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in adolescents. The vaccine was administered in two doses to 542 participants between 12 and 18 years old, demonstrating high efficacy.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new high-precision tool to identify the function of noncoding DNA sequences, which may eventually contribute to the development of targeted drugs. The study reveals that these noncoding parts of patients' DNA are linked to genetic changes in diseases.
A recent study found that sleep bruxism can lead to temporomandibular joint disorders due to increased mechanical loading. The research discovered that specific combinations of tooth shape and location during grinding significantly impact the risk of TMJ problems.
New research from the University of Reading found that changes in air pollution levels in Asia and Europe may have driven prolonged European summer extremes and Central Asian dry spells. The study revealed that air pollution reductions in Europe strengthened the jet stream, while increases in Asia weakened it.
A research team at POSTECH has developed a weak-value amplification method to achieve quantum metrology precision without using entangled resources. This breakthrough enables the practical use of quantum metrology by verifying that entanglement is not an absolute requirement for reaching the Heisenberg limit.
A study by researchers at the University of Waterloo found that higher education and advanced language skills can protect against dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment. Almost one-third of participants reverted to normal cognition, while over 80% never developed dementia.
Researchers developed a machine learning method to create controls that balance building energy cost, comfort, and efficiency. The system can compute solutions at a fast pace, reducing the need for complex model predictive controllers.
The Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas has awarded a grant extension to Dr. Rakhshanda Rahman, allowing her to provide no-cost mammograms and Pap smears to underinsured and uninsured women in the Permian Basin. The program aims to address high cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates in West Texas.
A recent study published in BMJ Open found that many women with preeclampsia lack awareness about symptoms and long-term cardiovascular risks, underscoring the need for improved patient education and support. The research team surveyed over 800 pregnant women, revealing a significant gap in mental health support and preventive measures.
Researchers found that long or irregular menstrual cycles in young women are associated with an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is a chronic condition where excess fat builds up in the liver, increasing the risk of death. Lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk of NAFLD in these women.
A study found that handheld electrocardiogram (ECG) devices increase the detection of atrial fibrillation in patients aged 85 and older, but not those 65 and older. The compact devices are feasible for screening most patients during primary care visits.
Researchers found that verapamil treatment delayed disease progression, lowered insulin requirements, and preserved some beta cell function in patients with Type 1 diabetes. The study used proteomics analysis and RNA sequencing to examine changes in circulating proteins in response to verapamil treatment.
A new study by University of Cologne researchers reveals that computer games can significantly boost educational success when used effectively in the classroom. The study found that personal characteristics of pre-service teachers play a crucial role in their intention to adopt digital game-based learning, with perceived effectiveness ...
Researchers have discovered that magnetic spin waves can propagate on circular paths in certain materials, enabling efficient and compact information transfer. This phenomenon, known as Landau quantization, has significant implications for the development of new electronic components.
A new study reveals that simultaneous measurement of dozens of types of fats in the blood can predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease years in advance. The researchers found that individuals with a certain lipid profile are at increased risk, while those with a different profile have lower risk. This d...
A new study found that increased dopamine levels in the brain's basolateral amygdala trigger the transition from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. This discovery raises hopes for developing targeted treatments for sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and Parkinson's disease.
A study of predominantly low-income Hispanic/Latina women found that diets high in solid fat, refined grains and cheese increased the likelihood of preeclampsia, while diets rich in non-starchy vegetables, oils and fruit may lower blood pressure risk during pregnancy
A study by University of Turku found that grandparents' support decreases with adverse experiences in children's families. However, maternal grandmothers' support remains consistent. The study suggests that future prospects for successful reproduction may impact grandparents' willingness to offer support.
A recent study explores how individuals rethink nationalist ideology during uncertainty and disruptive social change. Researchers found that people's conflicted thinking affects their understanding of national identity, with tensions arising from the clash of nationalist principles and real-life experiences.
A pandemic survey conducted by University of Auckland psychologist Dr Lixin Jiang found that only about 27 percent of workers trusted both federal and state governments. People with high levels of trust in government felt more secure in their jobs, had higher employer loyalty, and were more likely to help co-workers.
A new Cornell University study finds that even brief academic breaks can lead to an 8% reduction in college enrollment rates, particularly among disadvantaged students. The break had a larger impact on those from poor academic and socioeconomic backgrounds, reducing early-career earnings for high-ability students.
A study of nearly 40,000 Medicare beneficiaries found racial disparities in the use of MRI among Black and white patients with new prostate cancer diagnoses. The study identified factors such as insurance coverage, socioeconomic status, and geographic location that contribute to these disparities.
Using 1D kinematics, students calculate the winner of a 193 million year-old race between Usain Bolt and Dilophosaurus wetherilli. Newton's second law helps Bolt leverage his acceleration to win by 2 seconds.
Researchers identified a mechanism that helps explain how certain kinds of genetic disorders are transmitted from mother to child. The study showed that mutant mtDNA builds up in the final stages of egg formation and can impair mitochondrial function, leading to disease.
A new study by the University of Surrey and University of Bristol found that FFP2 masks filter out Covid-19 virus particles more effectively than cloth masks. The research suggests that using FFP2 masks can significantly improve protection against transmission and reduce the risk of infection.
A new MRI probe can monitor individual populations of neurons and reveal how they interact with each other. The technique uses genetically targeted probes to detect neural activity and provide a more precise picture of brain function.
A new study found that most children living in out-of-home care don't access health services within nationally required timeframes, highlighting a significant gap in the system. The research revealed that only one in 130 had attended all recommended health services within 12 months of entering out-of-home care.
A study published in PLOS Biology reveals distinct brain regions associated with informational and normative social influence. The researchers found that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is active when people conform to information, while normative influence is linked to stronger connections between dACC and other social pro...