The National Centers of Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity awarded a $637,223 grant to Brajendra Panda to develop fast and accurate recovery mechanisms for critical infrastructure systems after cyber-attacks. The goal is to minimize delays and ensure continued operation of critical functions such as electricity.
Scientists have developed a new method to study human brain development by growing millimetre-sized three-dimensional tissues called organoids from pluripotent stem cells. The researchers characterized the cells in molecular-genetic terms, creating a kind of map showing the molecular fingerprint of each cell within the organoid.
Two studies reveal rising emergency department wait times and patient abandonment due to overcrowding, with 5% of hospitals experiencing over 10% patient abandonment and median boarding times reaching 3.4 hours nationally.
Employment numbers remained positive for people with disabilities, increasing their employment-to-population ratio and labor force participation rate. The trend suggests an inclusive workforce, but also highlights the need to boost household income.
The Five-item Frailty Index (5i-FI) accurately predicts postoperative complications after prostate surgery, particularly in men with high frailty scores. A study published in Urology found that a 5i-FI score greater than two is associated with increased risk of complications, hospital stays, and readmission.
A study of 265 patients found full vaccination status was associated with lower mortality among those intubated due to COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. The results may inform discussions on prognosis for families.
A recent study found that cats and coyotes share green spaces in Los Angeles suburb Culver City, leading to increased cat mortality. Cats displayed more nocturnal behavior than typical urban cats, explaining high rates of cat deaths. The study recommends restricting outdoor cat access to mitigate human-wildlife conflict
Scientists at IRB Barcelona and the PCCB have created a genetically tractable model of Ewing sarcoma using Drosophila flies expressing a mutant version of the human oncogene EWS-FLI. This model allows for the identification of critical proteins required for EWS-FLI's oncogenic function and potential therapeutic targets.
A joint research team developed the world's first 'ultrasound-induced tissue transparency' technology, enabling deeper observation of biological tissues. The technology increased the maximum imaging depth of optical imaging modalities like confocal fluorescence microscopy by six times.
A new study during the COVID-19 pandemic found associations between intimate partner violence and spanking among caregivers. Caregivers who used multiple discipline strategies had increased odds of using corporal punishment.
A study tested whether adding shell hash—pulverized clam shells—to sediments could help raise the pH of pore waters and aid in calcification for infaunal marine organisms. Adding shell hash increased the pH and alkalinity of the pore fluids, helping to buffer against acidic conditions and promote biologic calcification.
A study reveals that domesticated banana varieties contain traces of three unknown wild ancestors, which were likely hybrids between subspecies and may hold useful traits such as parthenocarpy. The researchers believe these 'mystery ancestors' might still be alive in the wild, particularly in regions including the Gulf of Thailand, Bor...
The $3M award will create a Clinical Nurse Educator Academy for Region 6, increasing RNs and APRNs in medically underserved communities. The program aims to improve health equity and access to quality care through competency-based education and recruitment of licensed nurses.
A Texas study found that accidental firearm injuries in children most commonly occurred in their own homes or those of friends and family members. The majority of these accidents involved a child shooting themselves or another child. To prevent such incidents, researchers recommend safe gun storage and education for school-aged children.
The University of Wisconsin Oshkosh will develop an open-source digital toolkit to enhance entrepreneurship resources, leveraging a $484,000 grant from the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation. The 18-month project aims to create tools and connections for university-based and entrepreneur-led economic development.
Researchers recommend prioritizing COVID-19 vaccine access to older people of color and those with high-contact jobs, followed by working-age non-Hispanic whites and Asians. The study found that 'ethnic homophily' matters in vaccination strategies, leading to more deaths prevention.
Research at the 2022 American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference & Exhibition found disparities in pediatric household preparedness for wildfires, particularly among less educated caregivers. Households with children having breathing issues were more likely to be prepared for wildfires.
Researchers found that downbeat delays, rather than minute timing deviations, are key components of the swing feel in jazz. Downbeat delays of about 30 milliseconds enhanced the swing feel, while uniformly delaying offbeats did not.
A study found pediatric firearm-related injuries at a hospital ED increased during the first two years of the shutdown, with significant increases in African American and mentally ill patients. The total number of firearm-related injury cases rose from 88 in 2019 to 118 in 2020 and remained elevated in 2021.
A new review finds that people with borderline personality disorder face discrimination, inadequate treatment, and stigmatizing experiences in healthcare services. The authors call for improved training, education, and resources to address these issues and provide better support to patients and their families.
Researchers developed sustainable concrete by replacing synthetic reinforcement with natural fibres and industrial by-products, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and landfill waste. The new material exhibits superior strength and lower water absorption compared to traditional concrete.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame proposes a 'topic consistency' measure to capture overlap between critic and user review content. The study finds that similar aspects discussed by both groups increase memorability and likelihood of seeing a movie, with a 4.6% increase in box office revenue for movies with moderate ratings.
Between 2011-2020, e-scooter injuries in children increased, with over 10% of patients sustaining head injuries, including concussions, skull fractures, and internal bleeding. Hospital admittance for e-scooter injuries rose from 4.2% to 12.9%, highlighting the need for helmet safety.
A new Northwestern University study finds that scientists who interact with others during assigned sessions at conferences are more likely to form productive collaborations. Virtual conferences also show promise for encouraging interactions and sparking collaborations.
Research found that pre-existing illnesses and residence in the South region were most often associated with severe outcomes in children. Vaccination was significantly protective across all age groups, with infants having more severe illness than older children. Persistent health disparities across racial and geographic lines were also...
A team at Tampere University has demonstrated that quantum waves behave differently from classical counterparts, increasing the precision of distance measurements. Their findings also shed light on the physical origin of the Gouy phase anomaly in focused light fields.
Scientists at Osaka University have developed an ultrathin silicon membrane with arrays of nanopores that can harness osmotic flow to generate electricity from seawater. The device achieved peak power efficiency of 400 kW/m² and demonstrated optimal configuration for best power generation.
Researchers identified protein levels that were higher or lower than normal in tissues from individuals at different stages of type 2 diabetes. The study found a correlation between metabolic pathway disturbances and disease progression, suggesting new potential causal mechanisms for the disease.
Researchers develop high-safety, long-life lithium metal batteries with a new electrolyte that suppresses dendrite formation. The electrolyte delivers excellent electrochemical performance and offers solutions for building high-performance lithium metal batteries.
Researchers at NYU Grossman School of Medicine have discovered a new treatment approach that suppresses allergic asthma without compromising the body's defenses against flu viruses. The treatment, which targets calcium channels in immune cells, has shown promise in reducing asthmatic inflammation and mucus build-up in mice.
Researchers developed an 'inter-rationality' model, inheriting the limited rationality model, to present an economical alternative for modern societies. The new theory establishes a microeconomic foundation for corporate-level activities in open innovation structures.
A recent study at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences found that mothers' postnatal depressive moods can impact their babies' ability to distinguish speech sounds. Mothers in a negative mood tend to use less infant-directed speech, leading to delayed language development in infants.
Researchers identified genes that affect immune system response and replication of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Missing ORF3a/b gene led to milder infections, while missing ORF8 gene worsened lung inflammation. Spike protein severity varied across variants, with mutations in accessory proteins altering clinical presentation.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for Materials and Energy are utilizing X-ray absorption spectroscopy to investigate oxygen evolution in electrocatalysis. This study aims to improve the efficiency of green hydrogen production by developing more stable and cost-effective catalysts.
Nagoya University scientists developed a controller with a sleep mode to procure energy only when needed, reducing the need for storage batteries and capacitors. This innovative solution enables efficient energy saving and promotes the practical application of power packet type energy Internet.
The program cuts the average time it took for new patients to get their first treatment from 97 days to just 41 days, while also allowing more than 1,000 new patients to begin treatments. The system has made significant improvements in efficiency and patient satisfaction, with appointment no-shows dropping by 50%.
A study tracking pediatric body mass index (BMI) before and during the pandemic found a significant increase in BMI rates, with girls experiencing an 11% mean rise. The study also linked increased screen time and family time together to rising BMIs.
Research at LAC+USC Medical Center found a 11% decrease in exclusive breastfeeding and a 4% decrease in any breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic rates. Hospital staffing changes and access to breastfeeding training may have contributed to these declines.
A new study found that caregivers, particularly women, experience higher odds of health-related vulnerabilities such as food insecurity and financial strain. Caregivers must balance their own lives with those of their dependents, finding ways to care for themselves while dedicating time to caring for loved ones.
The Asthma Health Equity Index identified strong associations between race, ethnicity, and social determinants of health, such as food insecurity, housing instability, and tobacco use. The index has the potential to help healthcare providers identify and address disparities in asthma care.
Researchers discovered consistent fluctuations in vaginal immune-signaling molecules during menstrual cycles, influencing fertility and infectious disease development. This study provides a framework for optimizing vaccine administration to align with the immune system's natural ebbs and flows.
A new study at the Turku PET Centre discovered that shorter daylight hours increase opioid receptor levels in brown fat of rats. This complements previous findings on day length modulating opioid receptor levels in brain emotional circuits.
The study attributes the uptick in injuries to disruption of family routines and stay-at-home orders during pandemic, resulting in decreased helmet use and increased head injuries. The research found a 37% increase in pediatric injuries from 2018 to 2020, with most problematic for publicly insured patients.
A 20-year review of bicycle injuries found over 1 million US children fractured a bone while riding a bike, with most being boys between ages 10-15. The study also showed that nearly 87% of patients with skull fractures were not wearing helmets at the time of injury.
Researchers discovered that animal models with germline alteration rs55705857 developed gliomas significantly faster than those without the alteration. The study offers new insights into tumor formation and may lead to novel therapies targeting this specific change.
Researchers created a breathable underwater movement sensor by applying a thin, slippery coating to conductive fabric, enabling the detection of swimmers in distress. The smart system wirelessly alerts a smartphone app when a swimmer stops moving, indicating potential drowning.
A University of California, Berkeley study found that aging and environment are more important than genetic variation in affecting gene expression. As individuals age, their gene expression profiles diverge, making genetics less useful in predicting which genes are ramped up or down.
A WVU biomedical engineer is working on a rapid diagnostic tool that can detect tick-borne infections such as Lyme disease via a blood sample on a single chip. The tool uses dielectrophoresis and machine-learning to detect diseases within one to two weeks after onset, reducing the risk of hospitalization and chronic conditions.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have developed a statistical framework called CCPLS that analyzes spatial gene expression data at single-cell resolution. The study found that neighboring cell types influence gene expression variability in ways that were not previously accounted for by existing methods.
A new study reveals that global warming has doubled the probability of extreme ocean warming events in Japan's marginal seas since the 2000s. The increased occurrence frequency is attributed to human-induced climate changes, with most events linked to global warming.
Researchers developed Pillar-Suspended Bridge (PSB) technology for chiplet integration, enabling improved inter-chip connection density and electrical properties. The technology uses a simple structure with high bonding accuracy and reduces yield problems when scaling up integration.
A large clinical trial found that insulin glargine and liraglutide were superior to other diabetes drugs in controlling blood sugars. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, compared four common medications used to treat type 2 diabetes when added to metformin.
NIH scientists mapped the organization of human retinal cell chromatin, revealing insights into regulation of gene expression and retinal function. The study identified distinct patterns of interaction at retinal genes suggesting how chromatin's 3D organization plays a crucial role in tissue-specific gene regulation.
A new project aims to develop sustainable roses resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and have high ornamental quality. The researchers are combining traditional plant breeding with molecular genetics to stack multiple resistance genes into a rose.
The study found that microbial enzymes are essential for the digestion of pectin in leaf beetles, allowing them to access nutrient-rich plant cells. The researchers also discovered that leaf beetle species acquire these enzymes through horizontal gene transfer from other microbes.
A Rutgers-led study of over 2,700 pairs of twins found that adolescent alcohol misuse is associated with poorer life satisfaction, physical symptoms, and self-rated health in midlife. The study's findings suggest that teenage drinking may have long-lasting indirect effects on physical health and well-being.
Researchers found that synthetic turf football fields have a greater impact deceleration compared to natural grass, increasing the risk of injury and concussion. The study's findings suggest that considering safety in sports requires widening our view to include playing surfaces.
A new study re-examines fossil bones from the Nombe Rock Shelter in PNG Highlands and suggests that several large mammal species may have survived for another 40,000 years. The research challenges general assumptions about megafaunal extinction timelines and provides fresh insights into the natural history of PNG.
Researchers develop autonomous navigation strategies for microswimmers, allowing them to navigate optimally in complex environments. These strategies utilize external stimuli, such as light, to guide the microswimmers and improve their performance.
Researchers developed a novel organoid model to study pancreatic cancer cells' growth and arrangement. The model provides insight into the three-dimensional structure of tumors, enabling tracking of individual growth stages, cell divisions, and gene expression patterns.