A study published in Neurology found that people with type 2 diabetes who followed seven healthy lifestyle habits had a lower risk of dementia. The habits included getting enough sleep, exercising regularly and having frequent social contact.
Researchers found that soybean thrips infected with the SVNV virus survived longer and reproduced better than uninfected ones. Infected thrips also produced more offspring and had a faster population doubling time.
The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America highlights the need to strengthen antibiotic stewardship programs to address overuse of antibiotics in early stages of viral epidemics. The guidance provides strategies for hospitals and healthcare personnel to improve antibiotic prescribing and diagnostic testing.
Researchers have developed a method to build complex synthetic cells using living bacteria, capable of producing energy-rich molecules and synthesizing RNA and proteins. The protocells' inherited bacterial components remained active, enabling the construction of self-sustainable ATP production systems.
Kessler Foundation scientist Jeanne Zanca has received a $100,000 award from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to facilitate the uptake of effective treatments in rehabilitation settings. Her study aims to improve research reporting and adoption of the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System framework.
Researchers are developing a serious game, Simulation for Environmental Exposure Education (SE3), to improve middle-school age youth's environmental health literacy. The game focuses on exposure to environmental toxins in the home and aims to increase knowledge and understanding of risks, as well as promote action to reduce them.
A recent study published in the European Respiratory Journal found that children are more likely to develop asthma if their father was exposed to second-hand smoke as a child. The risk is even higher if the father went on to become a smoker himself. The researchers suggest that smoking can damage health not only for smokers and their c...
A new study published in The Crop Journal has identified the gl9 gene variant as a key factor in increasing grain size and reducing chalkiness in rice. By introducing this allele into elite rice varieties, scientists have improved grain length, width, and weight, leading to enhanced appearance quality and yield.
A Brazilian-American research team has identified a subtype of inhibitory interneurons that can gauge speed with great precision. These neurons are more stable than excitatory neurons and may be linked to spatial memory and the ability to remember routes or locations.
Three widely used rapid antigen tests showed declined performance when only nasal self-sampling was used, but improved with combined throat and nasal sampling. Only one test met WHO standards, emphasizing the need for manufacturers to consider extended testing protocols.
A recent study found that educators in Texas and North Carolina experienced burnout and lack of support after hurricanes Harvey and Matthew. Researchers recommend that school districts create specific emergency plans to address mental health needs, including professional development training for teachers.
A novel imaging approach developed in mice may help detect early signs of cancer in dense breasts, which is essential for improved breast imaging and prognosis. Researchers created an analytic computer program that sorts mammary gland tissue into two assessments, resulting in better detection accuracy.
Researchers have developed a malaria vaccine candidate that is safe and immunogenic in adults, offering improved protection against the disease. The vaccine combines FMP013 antigen with ALFQ adjuvant, which displays promising immune-enhancing effects.
Astronomers have discovered a small Neptune-like planet in the protoplanetary disk LkCa 15, using high-resolution ALMA observations. The planet is estimated to be around one to three million years old and has accumulated material at the Lagrange points, providing strong evidence for its presence.
Researchers have developed an ultrahigh-efficiency and low-noise scheme of quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplification (QPCPA), achieving 56% energy efficiency for signal conversion. This process greatly suppresses parametric superfluorescence noise, enabling high repetition-rate operation and potential peak powers over 50 PW.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that mucosal antibodies in the airways significantly reduce the risk of omicron infection. High levels of these antibodies more than halved the risk of becoming infected, while also being associated with lower viral replication.
A three-year study of over 2,200 older adults found daily multivitamin-mineral supplementation resulted in a statistically significant cognitive benefit. The Alzheimer's Association emphasizes the need for independent confirmatory studies to establish effectiveness.
Researchers at NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute discovered a network of proteins necessary for restoring hearing in zebrafish through cell regeneration. The study identifies two families of transcription factors that work together to activate hair cell regeneration, offering potential insights into treating human hearing loss.
The Europlanet Science Congress 2022 will feature press briefings on the ESA Hera Mission, which investigates Binary Asteroid (65803) Didymos and the DART Crater. The event will also cover solar system observations with the Webb space telescope.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a unique arrangement of atoms in iron-germanium crystals that leads to a collective dance of electrons. The phenomenon, known as a charge density wave, occurs when the material is cooled to a critically low temperature and exhibits standing waves of fluid electrons.
Geisinger Health System is conducting a comprehensive study on the genetic causes of cerebral palsy, funded by a $3.3 million NIH grant. The research aims to identify individual genes and regions responsible for the condition, which affects 1 in 500 people worldwide.
A six-country European survey found that people with diabetes living in Italy and the UK, women, and those younger than 45 have the highest prevalence of anxiety. The study also suggests a link between blood sugar management and anxiety severity.
A £1 million grant from the Bezos Earth Fund will support a new initiative aimed at identifying and activating 'positive tipping points' to accelerate decarbonization and limit climate change. The project will focus on improving assessment, forecasting, and activation of positive tipping points across various sectors.
Researchers designed an integrated system to support joint operations between UAVs and mobile robots for surveillance, epidemic prevention, and rescue operations. The system aims to improve public safety while ensuring privacy and security.
A recent analysis by researcher Jacob van Etten found that the Green Revolution's narrative omits institutional change and neglects ethnic tensions dominating market exchange. The study highlights the importance of markets and institutions in agricultural development, contradicting the traditional technology-centric view.
Researchers used E. coli as an indicator of antimicrobial resistance in Canadian turkey flocks. They found that antimicrobial use in feed and injection into eggs were main drivers of resistance. The study suggests that disease treatment also contributes to the development of resistance.
A review paper published in ESC Heart Failure highlights the link between obesity and combined oral contraceptives with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women. Obesity and combined oral contraceptives have a synergistic effect on VTE risk, making progestin-only products a safer alternative.
A UC researcher is using information technology to track and study the endangered little brown myotis bat species in Ohio. The team has established a summer roost at Clendening Marina, where they are collecting data on the population's size and trajectory.
The conference highlights recent discoveries on polyphenol applications in microbiota, adipose tissue, nervous system, senolytic activity, ageing, and endothelial function. Over 131 communications will be presented during three days.
A new study examines the role of six brand factors, including price positioning, advertising spending, and distribution breadth, in moderating the impact of business cycles on brand equity. The research finds that premium pricing, market leadership, and extensive distribution contribute to brand equity during economic expansions.
A survey study of 2,500 reservation-area American Indian youth found that COVID-19 affected their physical health and mental well-being. The study highlights the need for culturally sensitive interventions to address the unique challenges faced by this population during the pandemic.
Researchers found that nearly nine in ten cases of sudden cardiac death due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are preceded by symptoms, ECG abnormalities, or a positive family history. Expanded screening programs could aid in the prevention of SCD in young individuals with HCM.
Researchers have engineered an enzyme that can degrade the capsule of antibiotic-resistant B. anthracis bacteria, making it susceptible to the immune system. The new treatment, which combines the enzyme with a mouse antibody, shows promise in treating anthrax infections without antibiotics.
Researchers at UiT The Arctic University of Norway have developed a new dataset measuring Arctic sea ice thickness throughout the year. This breakthrough allows for safer shipping in the Arctic and more accurate weather and climate forecasts.
Researchers will investigate how information about new tastes is encoded in brain circuits, aiming to understand the neural basis of taste neophobia. The study aims to gain insights into how feeding behaviors are controlled by the brain, with potential implications for eating disorders and health outcomes.
A recent study found that Cherokee youth who participated in an educational program connecting them to their history and culture experienced significant benefits to their health. Participants reported lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as increased positive mental health and cultural identity. The study suggests t...
A history of psychosocial stressors from childhood through pregnancy is associated with worse menopause symptoms and poorer well-being almost 2 decades later. Researchers found that physical abuse, sexual abuse, and financial instability were linked to increased symptoms.
A new study urges regulators to take a closer look at the health and safety risks of the growing medicinal and recreational cannabis market. The research team found that many pesticides in cannabis cultivation were highly unlikely to be used, but still detected, highlighting the need for stricter regulations.
Researchers from HKU-CAS have created a new material that can produce dual-color spots inspired by nature, leading to innovative applications in message encryption and storage. The breakthrough was achieved through the self-assembly of nanostructures in a one-pot method, enabling programmable binary color information.
Researchers have developed a soft, biodegradable, magnetic millirobot inspired by insects, which can grasp, roll and climb, but easily dissolve away. The robot was tested in experiments, delivering a dye solution to a stomach model and gripped various objects.
A new model developed by Penn State researchers proposes a more flexible approach to the energy transition, considering uncertainty and option value. The model identifies multiple technology pathways that can help achieve emissions reduction goals, such as wind, solar, and natural gas with carbon capture.
A new study identifies areas in Antarctica's East region that could significantly contribute to sea-level rise if they undergo basal thaw. The researchers used numerical ice sheet models to simulate temperature changes at the base of the ice sheet, revealing regions such as Enderby-Kemp and George V Land as most susceptible to thawing.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a new drug target for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A protein called Pak2 has been found to interact with other molecules in immune cells, preventing chronic inflammation in the gut.
A Korean research team created a dual-catalyst system that precisely controls catalytic reactions like cells. The nanoreactor combines magnetic materials and metal catalysts to selectively activate the catalyst under magnetic fields and near-infrared rays.
Researchers found nearly 400 food samples tested positive for organophosphate esters (OPEs) from common flame retardants. Levels were below health risk thresholds but raised concerns about long-term exposure and contamination sources.
Researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to analyze dynamic functional connectivity and structural white matter connections. The study revealed that unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients had less activity in functional networks and a reduction of metastability compared to minimally conscious state patients.
A University of Ottawa research team has made new discoveries on how motor skills are learned and stored in the brain. By studying mice, they found that a specific transcription factor called NPAS4 regulates gene changes in inhibitory neurons, leading to the formation of learning-associated neuron ensembles.
Research at Abu Hureyra, Syria, suggests that hunter-gatherers may have tended small numbers of animals outside their dwellings between 12,800 and 12,300 years ago. This finding challenges the widely held view that crop cultivation began first.
Researchers discovered that dense liquid droplets in human cells can act as 'computers' by recognizing and calculating responses to incoming chemical signals. The formation of these condensates is driven by molecular crowding and can influence the activity of enzymes called kinases, which are involved in various cellular processes.
New research finds that most tokay geckos sold in Hong Kong's TCM shops originated from Southeast Asia, not locally. The study highlights the need for stricter control of pet trade releases to protect this vulnerable species.
Researchers from the MICROSCOPE mission presented the most precise test yet of the Weak Equivalence Principle, a key component of general relativity. They found no violation of the principle, setting the most stringent constraints on gravity and time.
Researchers found that eating walnuts early in life is associated with a lower risk of heart disease, obesity, and diabetes. The study suggests that walnuts may act as a 'bridge food' to promote healthy nutrition and lifestyle habits throughout life.
A cercarial dermatitis outbreak occurred in Chana district, South Thailand, affecting rice farmers, due to ruminant parasites like Schistosoma indicum. The study identified two snail species as intermediate hosts for flatworms causing the disease.
Researchers develop a novel method to generate FMCWs and control their spatial propagation behaviors simultaneously using a reflection-type STCM. The proposed method reduces system complexity and cost compared to traditional FMCW signal generation methods.
The Center for BrainHealth has launched three research projects to develop objective metrics of improved brain systems in response to interventions. These projects aim to determine the changes in the brain's physiology, structure, and function linked to gains in comprehensive psycho-social measurements over time.
A large-scale study reveals that clinicians suffering from burnout are twice as likely to be involved in patient safety incidents and four times more likely to be dissatisfied with their job. Burnout is also associated with lower career engagement and poorer job satisfaction, particularly among hospital doctors working in emergency med...
Researchers at UVA will study organelles in cancer cells to identify new pathways for understanding and fighting cancer. By focusing on the interactions between genes, proteins, and organelles within cells, they hope to develop fresh clues about therapies.
Researchers discovered varying attitudes towards AI ethics, legal issues, and social implications in Japan, the US, and Germany. The study found that older respondents were more concerned about AI and ELSI issues, while those familiar with AI prioritized legal concerns.
Researchers identified favorable reservoir-forming conditions and modes in the Ordovician buried hills of the Jizhong depression. The study found that three sets of source rocks from the Carboniferous-Permian and Paleogene geologic periods provide adequate quantities of hydrocarbons required for oil and gas reserves.
A proactive phone-based outreach strategy using local area codes significantly increased connections to quitlines among low-income smokers, particularly Spanish-speaking patients. The approach resulted in a 29% higher consent rate for e-referrals compared to generic area codes, highlighting its potential as a health equity tool.
A new study found that perennial crops like thyme can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase soil organic carbon in Mediterranean almond orchards. The introduction of thyme among almond trees led to a greater increase in total soil organic carbon, while also improving economic productivity.
Using artificial intelligence, researchers from Tufts University have devised rules for faster and more effective identification of potential new drug cocktails against tuberculosis. The study developed a set of design principles to assemble drug combinations, reducing the amount of testing needed before moving to further study.
The University of Missouri has received a $25 million grant from the USDA to help farmers adapt to climate change through climate-smart practices. The five-year project aims to improve crop and livestock resilience on up to 500,000 acres of Missouri farmland.
Researchers quantify the combined contributions of animals to cacao yields and explore how distance to forests and shading affect productivity. The study's key findings suggest that certain animal species can increase crop yields through pollination or biological pest control, while others reduce yields by stealing seeds.
The Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has established a public-private partnership with the FDA and NIH to advance treatments for rare neurodegenerative diseases. The partnership will leverage C-Path's expertise in data management, quantitative analytics, and regulatory science to accelerate medical product development.
A team of researchers has created a novel catalyst with single gold atoms that selectively converts carbon dioxide into methane. The catalyst, which anchors to an ultrathin zinc–indium sulfide nanolayer, exhibits high activity and CH4 selectivity when exposed to sunlight.
Researchers at UB University have identified a new model for reelin protein action in cerebral cortex development. The study found that cooperation and specific expression of the key protein contribute to correct cognitive skills, with dysfunction linked to neurodevelopmental pathologies such as autism and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that standard scoring tools missed cases of depression in teenagers with Type 1 diabetes, leading to lower sensitivity. They recommend adjusting cut-off scores to detect depressive symptoms more accurately.
A recent study found that reporting racial discrimination leads to increased salivary cortisol levels in Black adults on the same day and next day. This highlights the long-term impact of microaggressions on stress response, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
A new UCLA study reveals a link between REM sleep duration and body temperature in animals, suggesting that REM sleep acts like a 'thermostatically controlled brain heater'. This challenges popular views on the role of REM sleep in learning and emotional regulation.
The Florida Summer Institute in Biostatistics and Data Science recruits students from underrepresented groups, providing a rigorous quantitative education. The program introduces college students to statistical methods and applications in biomedical research, highlighting health disparities and social drivers of health.
Researchers have developed a new electrolyte using sulfolane and lithium perchlorate to improve the stability of high-density lithium-ion batteries. This combination enhances conductivity and reduces energy requirements, making it suitable for wide-temperature applications.
A new study published in Alzheimer's & Dementia found that daily multivitamin-mineral supplementation resulted in statistically significant cognitive improvement in older adults. The researchers estimated that three years of multivitamin supplementation roughly translated to a 60% slowing of cognitive decline.
Tirzepatide, a new type 2 diabetes drug, has been shown to achieve blood glucose targets 4-12 weeks sooner than existing treatments. Additionally, tirzepatide was found to promote weight loss goals faster than semaglutide, with an average time of 8-24 weeks to reach target weight loss.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that retired boxers and MMA fighters showed improvements in verbal memory, executive functioning, and motor speed compared to active fighters. Brain structure also appeared to recover, with some brain regions showing increased thickness after retirement.
A team of scientists discovered the earliest gibbon fossil, dating back to 7-8 million years ago, in southwestern China. The find enhances our understanding of the evolution of hylobatids and their close relationship to modern-day gibbons.
Researchers discovered an electric signal in the hippocampus triggered by novelty, inducing a transition from memory to learning states. The signal may work as a switch to enable the brain to balance forming new memories and recalling familiar ones.
The Georgia Institute of Technology team has developed low-cost, painless, and bloodless tattoos that can be self-administered using microneedle patches containing tattoo ink. These tattoos have various applications, including medical alerts, tracking neutered animals, and cosmetics.
The article discusses recent advances in self-assembled liquid crystal architectures for soft matter photonics, including smart displays, optical imaging, and light field modulation devices. The review highlights the potential of these materials for broadening knowledge and promoting diverse photonic applications.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a novel cancer therapy combining lymphatic drug delivery with total-body irradiation, showing superior antitumor effects in early stage lymph node metastasis. The treatment enhances systemic tumor immune responses and alters the tumor microenvironment.
A new study has identified a potential prognostic biomarker for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), where patients with higher blood levels of endotrophin are at increased risk of adverse outcomes. The finding could lead to the development of a standard blood test to assess HFpEF patients and guide treatment.
Healthy older adults exhibit greater mental well-being despite poorer cognitive performance than younger adults. The study reveals that neural mechanisms underlying these findings may inspire new therapeutic interventions to promote healthy brain function.
Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, is honored with the TCT Career Achievement Award for his transformative work in interventional cardiology and patient care. He has made significant global contributions to cardiovascular medicine.
The contrast-enhanced in-phase Dixon sequence demonstrated higher sensitivity and reader confidence for detecting breast biopsy clips on MRI. The sequence also showed a higher contrast-to-noise ratio without affecting positive predictive value.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that individuals with autoimmune diseases are at a higher risk of complications after a heart attack. The research emphasizes the importance of controlling cardiovascular disease risk factors and developing personalized treatment plans for this population.
A recent study in Peru revealed a 50% decline in arthropod biomass following short periods of drought and increased precipitation. Tropical insects are sensitive to both extreme weather events, with rainfall patterns being a key factor in their decline.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that the mortality rate for patients with a torn aorta has decreased significantly, from 37% in the 1950s to nearly 6% today. However, patients who did not receive surgery died at a rate five times higher than those who underwent treatment.
The Lancet Commission report highlights widespread, global failures in the COVID-19 response, resulting in millions of preventable deaths and reversed progress towards UN SDGs. The report calls for strengthened multilateral cooperation, improved technology, and international health financing to address future health threats.
Investigative journalist Paul Thacker found that fossil fuel companies funded research on climate change to weaken messages and protect their interests. Many students at elite universities are now calling for them to cut ties with the industry, citing examples such as carbon capture technology as a prime example of the problem.
A New York City-based study analyzed over 600,000 household contacts to determine the risks of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection after exposure. The research found specific risk factors associated with a higher likelihood of developing COVID-19
Training programs for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workers are becoming increasingly important to address labor shortages in technical roles. Community colleges and apprenticeships are partnering with regional companies to provide career opportunities for aspiring chemists.
Using 'recidivism' to describe individuals with firearm injuries perpetuates racialized criminality and stigma. Researchers recommend rephrasing as 'reinjury' or 'recurrent violent injury'. This change can improve clinical practice and patient outcomes by reducing implicit biases.
Researchers at University of Göttingen develop a new method to convert CO2 into chemical substances by confining molecules in nano-sized environments. The team demonstrates the ability to break individual chemical bonds and restore them in single molecules under controlled conditions.
A new Dutch study found that lockdowns caused significant mental health impacts on people with pancreas or islet transplants for type 1 diabetes. Glycaemic control worsened during the lockdown period due to reduced physical activity and increased insulin use, while anxiety and stress levels rose significantly among transplant patients.
A recent study by Washington State University researchers has identified distinct genetic patterns among the most prevalent types of canine soft tissue sarcomas, potentially leading to more accurate diagnoses and effective treatments. The findings suggest that a single treatment approach may not be effective for all subtypes of the tumor.
A recent study by Luo Dong-Gen and his team found that the master circadian clock relies on xCEO neurons to generate timekeeping of behavior rhythms. This finding suggests that timekeeping may be a core mechanism of the circadian clock in both insects and mammals.
A study led by Singapore scientists found that Neisseria, a genus of bacteria once considered harmless, can cause infections in patients with bronchiectasis, asthma, and COPD. The research team identified a specific subgroup of Neisseria called N. subflava as the main culprit behind worsening disease outcomes.
A Rutgers study finds CBD improves glucose disposal, burns energy, and enhances bone density in estrogen-deficient mice. The compound also reduces inflammation and boosts beneficial gut bacteria.
New research reveals dramatic variations in cancer mortality across the US, highlighting the importance of considering location-based risk factors for public health interventions. The study finds that certain behavioral risk factors, such as obesity and smoking, have varying levels of impact depending on geographic region.
Researchers use nanowire with samarium hexaboride (SmB6) to image magnetic features in iron telluride, revealing spin-polarized currents without added magnets. The study provides evidence of SmB6 as a Kondo topological insulator and simplifies magnetic imaging.
For seven years after bariatric surgery, participants showed clinically important improvements in pain levels, physical function, and work productivity, with some backsliding over time. The study found durable effects on walking speed, fitness, and most metrics of pain, even among older adults.
Researchers developed essential international standards for customized medical devices, reducing design time to 3 hours and improving quality control. The new standards are expected to promote public health and revolutionize the medical industry.
University of Minnesota scientists have developed a method to fine-tune traditional compressed sensing for high-quality images using modern data science tools and machine learning ideas. This approach closes the gap between traditional and deep learning methods, providing a new direction for MRI reconstruction research.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that air pollution may trigger irregular heart rhythms in healthy teenagers, with exposure causing arrhythmias to occur within two hours. The research analyzed data from over 300 adolescents and found a significant impact of fine particulate matter on cardiac ...
A lab study found that high cholesterol intake worsens fatty liver disease progression by driving inflammation and scarring. The researchers also discovered long-lasting dysfunction in immune cells responsible for fighting liver damage. Moderation is key to maintaining a healthy diet, according to the study's findings.
A new study reveals that red-eyed treefrogs use bimodal acoustic calls, combining sound with plant-generated vibrations to convey messages. Female frogs prefer calls with both sound and vibration, while male frogs become more aggressive when feeling the vibrations of rival calls.
A three-year study in northeastern Illinois and northwestern Indiana found that emergent wetlands support many wetland bird species, regardless of urbanization levels. The research also found that smaller wetlands can be essential habitats for some species, while others prefer larger sites.
Researchers have discovered a cellular and molecular mechanism essential for intestinal epithelial regeneration. Progenitor cells modulate the production of mitogenic factors, controlling intestinal stem cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. This finding breaks new ground in research into counteracting radiotherapy side effects.