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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 147


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Potential employers view job candidates differently if they post online about mental health

A new study by North Carolina State University reveals that posting about mental health challenges on LinkedIn can affect how potential employers perceive job applicants. Researchers found that disclosures about anxiety and depression led to viewers viewing candidates as less emotionally stable and less conscientious.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalJournal of Business and Psychology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023

Liver-targeting drug reverses obesity, lowers cholesterol in mice

Researchers developed a liver-targeting drug that reversed obesity and lowered cholesterol in obese mice by delivering the drug via nanogel. The treatment, which was administered intraperitoneally, effectively normalized weight and reduced cholesterol levels despite continued high-fat diet consumption.

SourceUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst·JournalPNAS Nexus·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023

Boosting neuroscience training to help children flourish

The Thriving Kids Brain Builders initiative aims to bridge the gap between research and practical application, ensuring all children have access to support for brain development. The project offers a free online course, 'Understanding Brain Development', developed by QBI and Emerging Minds.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·TypeNews article·DateAug 29, 2023
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Hemp helps to heal

A study published in Cell Chemical Biology reveals that cannabidiol (CBD) from hemp acts as a molecular switch in innate immune cells to promote the biosynthesis of inflammation-resolving lipid mediators. This finding holds promise for developing new therapeutic strategies to treat inflammatory diseases.

SourceFriedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena·JournalCell Chemical Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023

Sickle cell disease worsens maternal health outcomes for Black individuals

New research led by Nansi Boghossian found that sickle cell disease contributes to racial disparities in severe maternal morbidity, with Black individuals at least 1.5 times more likely to experience complications. The study suggests preconception care and management are critical for improving pregnancy outcomes for patients with sickl...

SourceArnold School of Public Health·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateAug 29, 2023

Neptune's disappearing clouds linked to the solar cycle

Astronomers have discovered a surprising link between Neptune's cloud abundance and the 11-year solar cycle. The study found that two years after the solar cycle's peak, clouds on Neptune increase in number. The team believes UV radiation from the Sun may be triggering photochemical reactions that produce clouds.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·JournalIcarus·DateAug 29, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Molecule reduces inflammation in Alzheimer’s models

A new molecule called A11 has been found to reduce inflammation and improve memory in models of Alzheimer's disease. By targeting the genetic transcription factor PU.1, A11 suppresses inflammatory gene expression in microglia immune cells, leading to reduced neurodegeneration and improved cognition.

SourcePicower Institute at MIT·JournalJournal of Experimental Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023

Some like it hot

Researchers from Kyoto University have demonstrated the thermal quantum Mpemba effect in a wide range of initial conditions, where hotter quantum systems cool faster than initially colder ones. The team used a quantum dot connected to a heat bath and observed anomalous thermal relaxation at later times.

SourceKyoto University·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateAug 29, 2023

Vision for future micro-optical technology based on metamaterials

Researchers propose integrated metasurfaces that can be combined with standard optical components like LEDs and LCDs for commercialization. Collaboration between industry and academia is crucial for developing innovative optical platforms.

SourcePohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateAug 29, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Climate change-induced drought may transform parts of the Amazon’s rainforests into savannas

A Rutgers-led study reveals that Amazonian lowland rainforest areas critical for absorbing carbon dioxide and buffering climate change may morph over time into dry, grassy savannas. The findings highlight the impact of double-stress conditions, where alternating flooding and drought limit forest establishment and favor short-lived gras...

SourceRutgers University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 29, 2023

Underutilized antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression associated with improved child outcomes at age five

Research found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment for postnatal depression was associated with reduced child behavioral difficulties, ADHD symptoms, and maternal depression. The study also suggested long-term benefits of SSRI treatment on child outcomes up to five years after childbirth.

SourceKing's College London·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeObservational study·DateAug 29, 2023

Chytrid fungi revealed to be parasitic species that infects snow algae

Researchers analyzed chytrid DNA from Japanese alpine snowpack sites and found three novel lineages of parasitic fungi. These chytrids are related to well-known frog pathogens but have a unique relationship with snow algae, potentially inhibiting melting of glaciers.

SourceYokohama National University·JournalFrontiers in Microbiology·DateAug 29, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Broken by bison, aspen saplings having a tough time in northern Yellowstone

A study published in Ecology and Evolution found that bison bulls in northern Yellowstone are breaking aspen saplings, preventing them from growing into trees. The researchers suggest that this behavior may be related to displays of aggression, and could hinder the recovery of aspen stands.

SourceOregon State University·JournalEcology and Evolution·TypeObservational study·DateAug 29, 2023

#MedEd: How doctors use social media to advance medicine

A new study from JAMA finds that physicians using social media are sharing and debating medical advancements, democratizing access to medical knowledge. The research team analyzed over 4 million #MedEd posts on X, revealing the potential of social media to accelerate medical science and improve practice.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalJAMA·TypeObservational study·DateAug 29, 2023

Sleep data from over 220,000 people reveal global differences in weekly sleep variability and sleep extension

A new study analyzing over 220,000 people's sleep data shows that those in Asia have shorter sleep duration and lower quality, with more variable sleep timing on weekdays. In contrast, people in other regions tend to have longer weekend sleep extension, suggesting a cultural impact on sleep habits.

SourceNational University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine·JournalSleep Medicine·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateAug 29, 2023

Enhancing cancer therapy using functionalized photosynthetic bacteria

Scientists engineer bacteria to target cancer cells, utilizing NIR fluorescence and photothermal conversion to selectively eliminate malignant cells. The study demonstrates effective optical and immunological functions in a mouse model of colon cancer.

SourceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology·JournalNano Today·DateAug 29, 2023
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

How Norway is helping to restore humanity inside U.S. prisons

The Norwegian approach to prison reform focuses on building relationships and trust, reducing solitary confinement. In a US pilot program, residents spent more time outside their cells, with a 74% drop in assaults and an 86% decrease in staff use-of-force incidents.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalPLOS ONE·DateAug 29, 2023

Quantum computing: Benchmarking performance by random data

A team of experts has developed a tool to characterise quantum operations and compare the capabilities of quantum computers with classical computing power using random test sequences. This allows for statistical analysis and benchmarking of quantum computer performance.

SourceHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 29, 2023

Gestational weight gain increased in Louisiana during the pandemic

A study by Pennington Biomedical Research Center and Woman's Hospital found that pregnant women in Louisiana were more likely to exceed recommended weight gain levels during the pandemic, with a 3-7% increase. This rise in non-optimal gestational weight gain may have long-term impacts on maternal and infant health.

SourcePennington Biomedical Research Center·JournalJAMA·DateAug 29, 2023
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

No worries: online course to help you stop ruminating

An online course designed to curb negative thinking has shown strong results in reducing ruminating and worrying. The program, featuring three lessons over six weeks, significantly improved mental health outcomes for participants.

SourceUniversity of New South Wales·JournalBehaviour Research and Therapy·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateAug 29, 2023

Mapping the lamellar structure of human corneas by use of polarization-resolved-SHG

Scientists use a new imaging technique to visualize collagen fibrils in intact human corneas, showing the main direction of lamellae changes with depth. This study enables characterizations of corneal structure and behavior, paving the way for understanding diseases like keratoconus.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateAug 29, 2023

Disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on American Indians

A study of COVID-19 patients in New Mexico reveals that Native Americans are more likely to develop severe disease, require mechanical ventilation, and have laboratory values indicative of more severe disease. The disparity is attributed to factors such as social determinants of health and potential immunological responses to the virus.

SourcePNAS Nexus·JournalPNAS Nexus·DateAug 29, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Wildfire, soil emissions increasing air pollution in remote forests

Satellite data reveals an increase in nitrogen dioxide levels in remote forest areas of California, attributed to wildfires and soil emissions. The findings suggest a growing concern for air pollution in rural areas, highlighting the need for policy interventions.

SourceUniversity of California - Davis·JournalEnvironmental Research Letters·TypeMeta-analysis·DateAug 29, 2023

Extreme weather events linked to increased child marriage

Research reveals that extreme weather events exacerbate existing problems of gender inequality and poverty, leading families to marry off children as a coping mechanism. Girls who are educated are less likely to be married off early, highlighting the importance of education in protecting against child marriage.

SourceOhio State University·JournalInternational Social Work·TypeSystematic review·DateAug 29, 2023

Study reveals winning combination for sports-related shoulder injuries

A tailored exercise program starting three to six weeks after shoulder surgery is the best approach for preventing a secondary shoulder dislocation. Patients who embark on such a program are twice as likely to avoid a recurrent injury than those using exercise alone.

SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalBritish Journal of Sports Medicine·TypeSystematic review·DateAug 29, 2023

Scientists continue to push the boundaries of imaging techniques and reveal the mysterious world of molecules

Researchers have experimentally confirmed the correctness of a decades-old theory regarding non-uniform electron density distribution in aromatic molecules. This discovery has significant implications for designing new nanomaterials and understanding various chemical and biological processes.

SourceInstitute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague)·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

New species of marine bacteria isolated from a deep-sea cold seep

Researchers have isolated a new strain of marine bacteria, Poriferisphaera hetertotrophicis, that grows faster in nutrient-rich media and multiplies via a budding mechanism. The bacterium releases a chronic virus, phage-ZRK32, which facilitates nitrogen metabolism and increases growth.

SourceeLife·JournaleLife·DateAug 29, 2023

Replacing saturated fat and salt with herbs/spices is both tasty and healthy

A team of Penn State researchers found that adding healthy herbs and spices to recipes can lower overconsumed nutrients like saturated fat, sugar, and salt without affecting taste. Participants preferred some of the recipes with healthier alternatives, particularly brownies and chicken in cream sauce.

SourcePenn State·JournalJournal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics·DateAug 29, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Sensors harnessing light give hope in rehabilitation

Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a sensor technology called computer vision-based optical strain (CVOS) that enhances durability and streamlines fabrication processes. This breakthrough enables the precise recognition of intricate bodily motions through a single sensor.

SourcePohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)·Journalnpj Flexible Electronics·DateAug 29, 2023

Some hosts have an “evolutionary addiction” to their microbiome

Tobin Hammer argues that some hosts have evolved a dependence on their microbiome, but the microbes do not provide any benefits in return. This phenomenon, known as evolutionary addiction, could have unique implications for understanding host-microbe interactions.

SourceCell Press·JournalTrends in Microbiology·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateAug 29, 2023

Direct power generation from methylcyclohexane using solid oxide fuel cells

A team of researchers from Waseda University successfully generated electricity directly from methylcyclohexane using solid oxide fuel cells, with a production ratio of toluene to benzene at 94:6. The process generates electricity without dehydrogenation facilities and uses less energy than conventional methods.

SourceWaseda University·JournalApplied Energy·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023

New research into the entrainment rate of shallow cumulus clouds, its influencing factors, and what this means for developments in atmospheric science

A recent study introduces an innovative approach to calculating the entrainment rate of shallow cumulus clouds, promising enhanced reliability and precision. The findings highlight the prominent role of vertical velocity in influencing the rate of entrainment, offering valuable insights into improving cloud models and predictions.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateAug 29, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Male crested macaques more likely to respond to offspring screams recruiting support

A study found that male crested macaques are more likely to respond to their own offspring's screams during agonistic conflicts. The researchers observed that males were more likely to intervene if they had sired the infant or if the screaming infant and its mother were of low dominance rank.

SourceUniversität Leipzig·JournalInternational Journal of Primatology·TypeObservational study·DateAug 29, 2023

New research sheds light on how gender inequality in the media industry impacts job satisfaction

A new study by City University of London researchers found that lower perceptions of gender equality and workplace sexual harassment significantly impact job satisfaction in newsrooms globally. The study highlights the need for structural changes to combat inequalities affecting women in the industry, including policies to address all ...

SourceCity St George’s, University of London·JournalJournalism Practice·TypeSurvey·DateAug 29, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Using neuroscience to stop phantom braking

Researchers are using neuroscience and AI to develop more secure vision systems for autonomous vehicles, which can be deceived by hackers through optical illusions. The goal is to improve the overall safety and success of autonomous vehicles.

SourceMichigan State University·DateAug 29, 2023

Study sheds light on why breast cancer survivors don’t take their medications, and what can be done about it

A new study finds that cost-cutting policy changes, mobile apps, and psychological strategies can increase medication adherence by nearly 1.5 times among breast cancer survivors. The study also highlights the importance of managing side effects through physical therapy, exercise, and behavioral counseling.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·DateAug 29, 2023

Magnitude of placebo response identified in drug for treatment of hot flashes

Baylor University researchers found that the benefits of paroxetine in treating hot flashes are comparable to those of a placebo response. The study, which analyzed six clinical trials, suggests that most of the benefit of paroxetine is due to non-specific placebo effects rather than drug-specific effects.

SourceBaylor University·JournalFrontiers in Psychiatry·TypeMeta-analysis·DateAug 29, 2023

Care robots: Ethical perceptions and acceptance

A cross-sectional study across Japan, Ireland, and Finland found that the willingness to use care robots was highest in Japan (77.1%) and lowest in Finland (52.8%). A conceptual model explained the correlation between ethical perceptions and social implementation of care robots across three countries with different geographies, demogra...

SourceChiba University·JournalArchives of Gerontology and Geriatrics·TypeSurvey·DateAug 29, 2023

An investment in more research to benefit children and adolescents

The University of Basel is launching a new research centre for child health with support from Fondation Botnar. The centre aims to drive innovative research benefiting children globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. New professorships will focus on digital technologies, ethics, and public health.

SourceUniversity of Basel·DateAug 29, 2023
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Can an artificial kidney finally free patients from dialysis?

Scientists at UCSF have developed an artificial kidney that can mimic key functions of a real kidney. The bioreactor keeps kidney cells alive for up to seven days and has shown promising results in animal trials. If successful, the device could improve treatment for kidney disease, making it more effective, tolerable, and comfortable.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 29, 2023

Neural network helps design brand new proteins

Researchers have developed a novel neural network approach to design brand new proteins with unique arrangements and dynamic functionalities. The method combines attention neural networks with graph neural networks to predict existing protein properties and envision new proteins that nature has not yet devised.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateAug 29, 2023

Magnesium deficiency is detrimental to plants

The study reveals that magnesium transport proteins are essential for plant metabolism and chloroplast functioning, impacting growth and yield. The analysis of three newly identified magnesium release and transporter proteins shows their importance in photosynthesis.

SourceEötvös Loránd University·JournalFrontiers in Plant Science·DateAug 29, 2023

CDI study of fevers in children during COVID-19 raises further questions

A recent study by researchers from Hackensack Meridian Health found that recurrent fevers in children increased significantly during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study suggests that these fevers may be more common than previously thought and could have been overlooked in non-pandemic times.

SourceHackensack Meridian Health·JournalFrontiers in Pediatrics·TypeObservational study·DateAug 29, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Texas Biomed partners with Scancell to test novel COVID vaccine

A DNA-based vaccine has shown promise in a preclinical study by Scancell Ltd and Texas Biomedical Research Institute. The vaccine prompted a robust immune response, including T cell activation and antibody production.

SourceTexas Biomedical Research Institute·JournalJournal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 29, 2023

E-cigarette manufacturers use targeted marketing to lure in young adults

Research found that e-cigarette manufacturers use psychographic targeting to appeal to new users based on lifestyles and attitudes, particularly among low-risk young adults. The study suggests that stricter marketing regulations are needed to reduce exposure to these advertisements and minimize the risk of initiation.

SourceArnold School of Public Health·JournalNicotine & Tobacco Research·DateAug 29, 2023

Researchers prep fentanyl, heroin vaccines for human trials

Researchers at the University of Montana are developing vaccines to prevent fentanyl and heroin drug overdoses. The first vaccine will target heroin, followed by a fentanyl vaccine in Phase I clinical trials. The vaccines aim to elicit antibodies against target opioids while sparing critical medications used in opioid addiction treatment.

SourceThe University of Montana·Journalnpj Vaccines·DateAug 29, 2023