A new study suggests that extreme dietary habits, such as low-carb intake in men and high-fat intake in women, are associated with higher mortality risks. The findings indicate that individuals should balance their diet to avoid extremes, while ensuring energy from various food sources.
Researchers at George Mason University are developing a new biometric technology that uses sweat analysis to verify identities. The project, led by Emanuela Marasco, aims to characterize a person's extrinsic and intrinsic features for more accurate representation of their identity.
A new study by the University of Oldenburg team confirms that radio waves in the VHF range above 116MHz have no impact on migratory birds' magnetic compass sense. This discovery debunks previous theories suggesting mobile communication networks affect the birds' navigation.
Researchers at Duke University used a quantum computer to measure the geometric phase in light-absorbing molecules, which puts limitations on molecular transformations. This breakthrough allows for direct measurement of a long-standing fundamental question in chemistry, critical to processes like photosynthesis and vision.
A retrospective cohort study found that LGBTQ+ individuals, particularly those identifying as lesbian, gay, and transgender, have higher rates of alcohol use disorder and lower access to treatment. The study suggests that targeted interventions are necessary to address these disparities.
Researchers from Cornell University and University of Wisconsin-Madison developed a new audio technique to estimate the Spotted Owl population across the entire Sierra Nevada ecosystem. The analysis yielded an estimated 2,218 to 2,328 adult owls on federally managed lands, providing critical conservation baseline.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal published new guidance on take-home naloxone distribution and use by community overdose responders in Canada. The guidance prioritizes preserving life and mitigating harms, and is the result of a collaborative process involving diverse stakeholders from across the country.
A Baylor University biochemist has discovered the structure of a novel DNA enzyme linked to infertility and certain cancers. The research provides new insights into the function of the MCM8/9 enzyme complex and its connection to disease, offering a roadmap for future studies.
The Cardiovascular Research Foundation has announced the TCT 2023 late-breaking clinical trials, featuring 12 studies on minimally invasive techniques, pharmaceuticals, technologies, and devices. These trials aim to improve patient outcomes in cardiovascular disease, with a focus on safety and effectiveness.
Female STEM doctoral students are less likely to become new inventors compared to their male counterparts during PhD training. Faculty advisors play a critical role in training new inventors, with top inventor faculty members increasing the probability of filing the first patent by 23%. The research highlights a 'leaky pipeline' of fem...
A recent analysis of published studies reveals a lack of evidence to determine the dosing, safety, and efficacy of medical marijuana or cannabis-containing products for managing symptoms experienced by children with cancer. The study found that cannabinoids performed better in managing nausea and vomiting, but data are lacking on their...
Patients with severe long COVID often struggle with fatigue and exertion intolerance, with recovery rates varying depending on the initial infection's severity. A recent study found that those with ME/CFS experience little to no improvement in symptoms, while some patients in a second group show gradual improvement over time.
A new study published by the University of Rhode Island's Graduate School of Oceanography reveals extensive microplastic storage in Narragansett Bay, with an estimated 1,000 tons stored in the top 5 cm of its floor. The buildup has occurred over the last 10-20 years, primarily due to littering and runoff of single-use plastic items.
The Society for Neuroscience' Trainee Professional Development Award (TPDA) program received the ASAE 2023 Power of Associations Gold Award for its successful initiatives. Over 300 new recipients will receive travel support to attend SfN's annual meeting and participate in a year-long virtual professional development program.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have successfully slowed down a simulated chemical reaction by a factor of 100 billion times using a quantum computer. This achievement allows for direct observation of previously inaccessible processes, enabling breakthroughs in fields like materials science and drug design.
A new study by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute found that residence in neighborhoods with higher opportunity or lower vulnerability is associated with a decreased risk of pediatric asthma. The study used a geographically diverse cohort of over 10,000 children and examined associations between neighborhood attributes and asthma in...
A new study published in International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics found that multiple beams and intervals in delivery during FLASH proton therapy treatment reduced skin-saving effects in preclinical models.
A hybrid system of electronic encoding and diffractive optical decoding transmits optical information with high fidelity through random, unknown diffusers. The system outperforms traditional approaches that only utilize a diffractive optical network or an electronic neural network for optical information transfer.
Scientists create a design that enables simultaneous presentation of photothermal, thermal conductive, and superhydrophobic properties, achieving record-high defrosting efficacy. The innovative assembly enhances de-icing and defrosting efficiency, reducing overall defrosting durations by 2-3 times.
Researchers have identified a key protein in SARS-CoV-2 that, when targeted, elicits a robust immune response. A live-attenuated vaccine based on this protein shows promise in preventing disease and offering long-lasting immunity. The approach could target areas of the genome less likely to change with variants.
Two studies demonstrate that artificial intelligence in colonoscopy can increase adenoma detection rates and reduce miss rates, but also lead to increased removal of non-neoplastic polyps. The findings suggest the need for additional research on more defined detection parameters before AI can be integrated into routine clinical care.
The study provides a condensed overview of recent advances and challenges in atmospheric and pressurized PVSRs, highlighting potential for improving performance through geometrical parameter optimization and spectrally selective absorption. Standardized evaluation methods remain essential to unlock the full potential of PVSRs.
A study found that veterinary students' attitudes towards dog breeds' pain sensitivity and trustworthiness change as they progress through their coursework, becoming more in line with those of practicing clinicians. The study suggests that cultural transmission, not just data transmission, plays a role in shaping these attitudes.
A team of researchers at the University of Johannesburg has made a groundbreaking discovery about how tomato plants defend themselves against the devastating ToCSV virus. By studying the molecular genetics of infected tomato varieties, they found that viral DNA methylation plays a crucial role in resistance to ToCSV.
Researchers aim to develop mass-produced superconductors operating at easily maintained temperatures for energy, transportation, and communication technologies. They will use advanced modeling methods and computational tools to identify suitable candidate materials and examine their properties.
A study from the University of Notre Dame found that recalling dreams and finding meaning in them can elicit feelings of awe, making subsequent work stressors seem less daunting. The researchers suggest promoting the 'awe experience' at work to increase productivity.
Researchers found novel autoantibodies implicated in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, fetal growth restriction, and recurrent pregnancy loss. These autoantibodies are also associated with infertility and endometriosis-associated infertility.
Research finds that a nighttime ambient temperature range of 68-77°F enhances restful sleep for older adults. The study also highlights substantial individual differences in optimal temperatures and the potential impact of climate change on sleep quality.
The medical community should build systems responsive to the LGBTQI+ population, providing safe spaces for refugees and asylum-seekers. Clinicians need to know how to probe and document experiences of childhood trauma and abuse to provide effective support.
Researchers from Radboud University have successfully decoded brain signals into intelligible speech using a combination of implants and advanced artificial intelligence models. The technology has been tested with an accuracy of 92-100%, showing promise for individuals with locked-in states who are paralyzed and unable to communicate.
Researchers found significant reductions in microbiome diversity among people with severe symptoms soon after infection. The oral microbiomes of people with shorter cases changed in consistent ways during infection, while those with long cases changed in many different ways.
Traditional knowledge-based management systems can enhance biodiversity, but their recognition is crucial for conservation. Resolving social injustices towards traditional knowledge holders benefits both people and nature.
A National Institutes of Health-supported study suggests that adults with obesity may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) when in intensive care for respiratory failure. The study found lower mortality rates among patients with obesity who received ECMO compared to those without, contradicting previous concerns.
Researchers developed a set of guiding principles to help airports respond to homelessness, focusing on safety for all groups. The principles emphasize do no harm through crisis management training and balanced responses that produce co-benefits, such as improved customer experience.
Scientists have identified specific long noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and life cycle progression of the deadly Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite. The discovery could lead to new therapeutic strategies against malaria.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found significant disparities in healthcare access and use among Indigenous female populations living 'off reserve' in Canada. The research highlights higher morbidity rates and longer wait times for appointments, particularly in rural areas.
A new prison parenting program in Australia, led by Belinda Lovell, has been developed to ease the strain of separation and maintain mother-child bonds. The program involves direct input from Aboriginal women and includes positive parenting skills to encourage successful parenting after release.
Scientists successfully synthesized long-chain mobile polymers on metallic surfaces using N-heterocyclic ballbot-type carbenes. This breakthrough enables self-assembly into ordered domains and cooperative behavior, holding promise for new applications in nanoelectronics and surface functionalization.
A case series reveals that young brain donors with a history of repetitive head impacts exhibit severe symptoms, which may be caused by multiple factors. Further research is needed to clarify the association between exposure to head impacts and clinical symptoms in young athletes.
Researchers developed a new method to characterize embedded twisted interfaces in 2D materials, revealing atomic reconstruction and its impact on surface conductivity. The method uses conductive atomic force microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations to understand the interplay between internal layers and interfaces.
Researchers discovered that a rare disease called cystinosis shares the same cellular mechanism as cystic fibrosis, involving the lysosome's recycling center. The study found that a specific protein degradation pathway was responsible for the disease's effects, and a small chemical chaperone could help stabilize the protein.
Researchers at UC Irvine issue a warning that GLP-1RA's may be dangerous for children due to the risk of nutrient imbalance and abuse. The team notes that children need energy and sufficient calories for growth and development, and any change in their diet and exercise balance can have long-term health consequences.
Researchers are developing a community-based digital health intervention to increase vaccination uptake among children in rural and underserved areas. The project aims to empower community health workers to deliver education on vaccinations, overcoming the digital divide and addressing challenges faced by limited health workforce.
Researchers detected a marvellous, composite eclipsing absorber responsible for a highly distinct X-ray eclipse event in NGC 6814. The team found the absorber to be clumpy and multi-phase, with small clouds ablated from the main cloud cluster.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed more accurate nowcasting algorithms to predict short-term weather forecasts. The study found that probabilistic models are highly accurate in predicting both long- and short-term rainfall events, while deterministic models are better suited for extremely short-term projections.
Researchers found that white-tailed deer are virus reservoirs, promoting ongoing mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. At least 30 infections were introduced by humans, and an estimated 23.5% of deer had been infected at one time or another.
Researchers found that optimized statin therapy can significantly reduce mortality and cardiovascular events in US military veterans with coronary artery disease. Widespread use of ezetimibe alongside statins may lead to additional reductions in cardiovascular risk.
Scientists have discovered that small fat-filled lipid droplets can indent and puncture a cell's nucleus, leading to elevated DNA damage. This finding has significant implications for various diseases, including cancer.
Researchers found that over 80% of honey bees sampled were positive for antimicrobial resistance targets, highlighting the need to monitor pollutants and implement clean-ups. The study also suggests that local waterbodies are a critical source of contamination, particularly in densely populated areas.
A new study at BESSY II analyzed the formation of skyrmions in ferrimagnetic thin films of dysprosium and cobalt. The researchers directly observed Néel-type skyrmions using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, revealing their domain wall type for the first time.
Scientists developed a new method for detecting mid-infrared (MIR) light at room temperature using quantum systems. The MIR Vibrationally-Assisted Luminescence (MIRVAL) approach converts low-energy MIR photons into high-energy visible photons, enabling single-molecule spectroscopy and detection.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that GDF15 improves insulin sensitivity in rodents, particularly in their liver and fatty tissue. This finding raises interesting perspectives for treating type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, as increased insulin sensitivity is a critical indicator of health.
Researchers discovered an endolysin gene from Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus that confers dual resistance to Huanglongbing and citrus canker. The study found that the gene, LasLYS2, not only provides protection against HLB but also clears infected plants of the causal agent.
Muvalaplin, an oral small molecule inhibitor, significantly lowered lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) levels in a first-in-human phase 1 study. The treatment showed promise in reducing Lp[a] levels by up to 65% without tolerability concerns.
Researchers found that the incidence of gut-colonizing ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli increased in Seattle-area women over age 50, affecting about 1 in 5 women. The study suggests prioritizing strategies to control drug-resistant E. coli's ability to colonize the gut.
The estimated cost of cardiovascular disease in the EU in 2021 was €282 billion, accounting for 2% of Europe's GDP. The majority of this cost was attributed to health and social care systems, with hospital care being the main contributor.
A new oral drug Muvalaplin successfully lowered Lipoprotein(a) levels by up to 65%, offering a game-changing treatment for the elusive form of cholesterol. The breakthrough comes after a decade-long search for a targeted solution, with potential applications in vascular and valve disease.
Researchers from UTIA develop VR experiences to improve agriscience education, providing immersive digital learning environments for students. The project aims to increase agricultural literacy and student interest in careers through VR technology.
CyDENT base editors allow efficient and precise modification of genetic information in living organisms. The system enables strand-specific base editing in nuclear and organellar genomes, with high strand specificity demonstrated in mitochondrial genome editing.
The CDI published a study tracking nasal swabs of thousands of patients in New Jersey, providing new insights into the pandemic's peak. The results highlight the importance of vaccination, reinforcing the positive impact of COVID-19 vaccination and public health benefits of genotypic surveillance.