Matthew Sfeir will receive a $1.25 million grant to measure the quantum properties of conducting organic polymers using far-infrared and terahertz light sources. The research aims to develop transparent electrical conductors for advanced photonic and quantum-based technologies.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered that prolonged activation of the STING pathway leads to desensitization and cellular signaling changes that aid cancer's spread. This finding helps explain why drugs activating STING have been unsuccessful in clinical trials.
Researchers extract ocean temperatures from barnacle shells, which provide clues to the plane's drift path and origin. The method may help investigators narrow their search in the Indian Ocean.
Researchers found that certain anti-cancer compounds cause distinct nucleolar shapes and stress, which can be measured using a new classification system. This discovery could lead to improved understanding of why some drugs fail in clinical trials, providing a potential tool for identifying promising drug candidates.
MIT researchers developed a new algorithm that can execute complex maneuvers like loops and rolls for tailsitter aircraft, enabling agile trajectories with fast-changing accelerations. The algorithm uses differential flatness to ensure feasibility and planning in real-time.
A new study by USC and Columbia University reveals that lower-middle class Americans nearing retirement age face poorer health, worse economic outcomes, and lower homeownership rates. The 'forgotten middle' group lacks adequate resources to cover healthcare and housing costs.
Researchers discovered that sensory neurons grow end organs tailored to their specific skin type, rather than predetermined programming. This finding could lead to new therapies for damaged or diseased nerves and better understanding of congenital neuropathies.
The University of Missouri is launching a five-year, $3 million doctoral training program to prepare the next generation of scientists and engineers for emerging fields like materials science and data science. The program aims to empower future workers with both technical expertise and data-driven insights.
A new study reveals that digital hugs can be cultivated through the development of social skills and attention to norms and conventions in online interactions. By understanding how people interact with each other online, researchers have identified a key factor in creating meaningful connections: 'digital tact.'
Researchers at the University of Sydney have developed a nanoscale optical technique to monitor protein aggregates forming in cells, which can lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and ALS. The study provides a new window into the transition of proteins from liquid to solid phase.
Researchers developed a digital biomarker that detects early signs of Alzheimer's disease using EEG headbands, identifying abnormal levels of proteins in sleep patterns. The study found measurable problems with memory reactivation in 205 aging adults, paving the way for affordable devices to monitor brain health.
A recent NIH-supported study found a significant association between a genetic variant in people of African ancestry and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The variant, in the GBA1 gene, is associated with a higher risk of 3.5 times for those carrying two copies.
Implementing whole genome sequencing (WGS) can prevent bacterial healthcare-associated infections, saving the NHS £480 million annually. The technology has major implications for health policymakers and healthcare leaders, with potential benefits including reduced antimicrobial resistance.
A study finds that Americans nearing retirement age in the lower half of the economic distribution will face worsening expected health and economic status. The 'forgotten middle' group, with modest resources, requires stronger supports to avoid a wave of disability in late life.
Researchers found that Canadian wildfire smoke exposure led to a slightly higher bump in asthma-related hospital visits compared to high-pollen days. However, other potential health effects, such as heart attacks and strokes, require further investigation.
Researchers at Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University School of Dentistry linked electronic dental and health records to provide better care for individuals with Sjögren's disease. This can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, reducing the impact of tooth decay and improving overall health.
Scientists have discovered that corals digest their symbiont algae to access essential nutrients, allowing them to grow rapidly even in nutrient-poor waters. This breakthrough resolves the long-standing mystery of coral reef formation and sheds light on the critical role of symbiotic relationships in coral survival.
A new study suggests that solar-powered irrigation systems could increase yields and profits for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, addressing the region's high yield gap and food insecurity. The innovative system, developed by an international team of researchers, estimates a potential economic benefit of over USD 5 billion pe...
Gender-affirming surgeries in the US increased nearly threefold from 2016 to 2019, with breast and chest procedures being the most common. The number of genital surgical procedures performed rose with increasing age, indicating a growing trend among older individuals seeking gender-affirming care.
Researchers have identified genetic variants and structural patterns that contribute to the development of Bartter syndrome type 3, a rare kidney disease. The study's findings may lead to better diagnostic and treatment options for affected individuals.
Researchers have identified a new process by which sugar is released by symbiotic algae, showing the cell wall plays a crucial role in symbiosis and carbon circulation. The findings provide an important piece of the jigsaw puzzle for understanding carbon cycling in marine environments.
Scientists successfully transfer a longevity gene from naked mole rats to mice, resulting in improved health and a 4.4% increase in median lifespan. The gene enhances cellular repair and protection, reducing inflammation and cancer risk, paving the way for potential human longevity benefits.
The team successfully completed the sequencing of the Y chromosome using long-read sequencing technology and innovative computational assembly methods. This achievement adds 41 additional protein-coding genes and provides crucial insight into reproduction, evolution, and population change.
A recent case study highlights the challenges faced by families seeking venom immunotherapy for fire ant allergies, particularly in low-income communities. Despite proven safety and effectiveness of treatment, access remains a significant issue due to transportation barriers, lack of childcare, and work constraints.
New research suggests the Bidayuh people of Borneo created rock art depicting resistance to frontier violence in the 1600s and 1800s. The cave's large human figures have been dated using direct radiocarbon ages, providing valuable insights into this period.
Researchers found a significant increase in pediatric trauma admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, with younger patients and falls from moderate heights being more common. Blood alcohol levels were also higher in patients aged 14-18 years old, suggesting targeted interventions to curb alcohol use may be needed
Researchers from Aalto University have successfully detected a triplon, a quantum entanglement wave, in an artificial quantum magnet created using small organic molecules. This achievement marks the first direct observation of triplons using real-space measurements.
Two new species of primitive carnivorous dinosaurs, belonging to the Abelisauridae family, have been discovered in Morocco. The findings suggest that dinosaurs thrived in North Africa until their mass extinction by an asteroid 66 million years ago, providing a diverse picture of African dinosaurs from the end of the age of dinosaurs.
Most research focuses on treating existing mental health conditions rather than preventing them or promoting mental health. Depression and anxiety disorders are frequently researched outcomes. The findings reveal a lack of evidence-based interventions for child and adolescent mental health in low-resource settings.
New research published in Human Brain Mapping indicates that deafness does not affect the mechanisms and brain circuits supporting social skills. Deaf individuals show greater activation in regions involved in processing visual inputs like signs and lip reading.
A recent NIH study found that caregivers' education levels and child ages played significant roles in determining their primary sources of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Caregivers with lower education levels reported more financial concerns, while those with higher education levels were more worried about social distancing.
Brands leveraging quality reputation to pay employees less erode profits due to negative effects on productivity and retention. Unique brands, which tend to pay more, have a positive impact on profits. Managers should consider brand differentiation in pay benchmarking.
Sperm and northern bottlenose whales frequently feed on live halibut escaping from a deep-sea trawler net. The study found that these whales were only spotted when the catch was Greenland halibut, not redfish or thorny skate.
A new gene therapy study has identified microRNA-22 as a potential treatment for liver cancer, achieving better survival outcomes and reducing inflammation compared to the current FDA-approved drug lenvatinib. The treatment was administered via a single intravenous injection and showed no observable toxicity.
Researchers from Hiroshima University found that measurements shape observable reality, suggesting a context-dependent understanding of quantum superpositions. This approach resolves the paradox of conflicting results in quantum experiments and provides evidence against reducing reality to material building blocks.
Researchers have solved the long-standing puzzle of graphene's proton permeability using ultra-high spatial resolution measurements. Protons are strongly accelerated around nanoscale wrinkles, proving that perfect graphene crystals are permeable.
A new study suggests that millions of Americans with post-viral syndrome similar to long COVID may have detectable immune responses to support a COVID diagnosis. The research found that 41% of participants had evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, raising questions about the eligibility criteria for long COVID clinics.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have developed a brain-computer interface that can decode the intended words of a speech-disabled person and display them on a computer screen. The technology has shown promise in restoring communication for individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who are unable to speak.
A new immune-infiltrated human kidney organoid-on-chip model enables the assessment of on-target, off-tumor effects of immunotherapeutic T cell bispecific antibody drugs. The study's findings provide important insights into which cells are targeted by a given TCB and what, if any, off-target damage arises.
A new study reveals that fungus gnats are crucial pollinators of certain Euonymus plant species with red-petaled flowers. The unique traits of these flowers, such as their yogurt-like scent and short stamens, have evolved to attract the fungus gnats, highlighting the importance of Diptera in plant diversity and evolution.
A team of researchers from Chiba University elucidated the structure and dynamics of Ho-(DBM)3·H2O complex using molecular dynamics simulations. The study revealed unique properties of water in seven-coordinate lanthanide complexes, including characteristic vibrational modes and hydrogen bond dynamics.
A Dartmouth-led study reveals the devastating impact of gold and mineral mining on tropical rivers worldwide. Mining operations have doubled suspended sediment concentrations at 80% of affected rivers, altering river ecosystems and threatening human health.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that exposure to night shift work and rotating shift work is associated with higher rates of cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults. Cognitive function tests revealed impairment in memory and executive function, suggesting a potential link between shift work and neurodegeneration.
The mass slaughter of bison by European settlers led to devastating economic shock for Indigenous peoples, with adult height dropping by over an inch within a generation. The study also found that child-mortality rates were higher and occupation reporting lower among bison-reliant nations compared to non-bison reliant nations.
Researchers have assembled the complete sequences of 43 human Y chromosomes from around the globe, revealing extensive complexity and variation. The study provides an unprecedented understanding of the Y chromosome's structure and function, shedding light on its role in human health and disease.
A recent study found that cast immobilization is as effective as surgery in treating older adults with arm fractures. After one year, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of disability or range of motion. The study included 276 patients aged 70–89 years who suffered a distal radius fracture.
The proportion of children with fever treated across Africa, Asia, and Latin America has risen significantly from 61% to 71% over the past 30 years. Despite this increase, significant gaps in access to healthcare persist.
Researchers found that deep-sea octopus gather at the Octopus Garden to mate and nest, with warmer waters accelerating egg development and reducing incubation time. The shorter brooding period boosts reproductive success and increases offspring survival rates.
Research identifies immunosuppressed individuals with lower antibody prevalence after three or more COVID-19 vaccine doses, highlighting increased vulnerability to severe infection. The MELODY study found that around one in five people with compromised immune systems had no COVID-19 antibodies.
A recent study by Queen Mary University of London reveals a range of fundamental physical constants that can vary, allowing for the viscosity needed for life processes to occur within and between living cells. This discovery sheds light on the origin of these constants and their impact on life as we know it.
A study of US families found that lower caregiver education led to financial strain and reduced adaptability, while younger children faced limited school support. Experiences varied little between urban and rural families.
Researchers used Drosophila to investigate how similar neurons develop unique properties through differential gene expression. The study found that two closely related neuron types differed in over 800 genes, leading to distinct functional characteristics.
Bioarcheological analysis suggests Pompeii victims died from asphyxiation despite potential contamination from plaster casts. The study's findings challenge traditional assumptions about the preservation process in the ancient city.
Climate impacts like dry summers causing tree growth reduction and increased mortality in the Black Forest. The study found a peak in tree mortality in 2019, with mortality rates exceeding 40% of sustainable annual growth.
Researchers analyzed data from 31 studies and found that cattle face a higher risk of getting tuberculosis from wildlife through indirect interactions. Indirect interaction rates were 154 times higher than direct interaction rates.
Research from the University of Montana found that national parks enhance bird diversity within their borders and support higher diversity of birds and mammals in nearby protected and unprotected areas. The study's findings suggest that massive expansions of global protected area coverage can help achieve the UN's 30 by 30 goal.
A new targeted treatment called zolbetuximab has been shown to extend survival for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer that overexpresses a specific biomarker. The treatment significantly increased progression-free and overall survival, with improved results compared to standard chemotherapy.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that vaccinated patients with long-haul COVID were less likely to experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, chest pain, and shortness of breath. The study involved 477 patients who sought treatment for long-haul COVID at Mayo Clinic between May 27, 2021 and July 26, 2022.
A team of researchers has generated the first complete sequence of a human Y chromosome, uncovering important genomic features with implications for fertility. The new sequence reveals factors in sperm production and provides insights into medically relevant regions, such as the azoospermia factor region.
A recent study found that extending cooling strategies to day-and-night improves milk yield, reduces rumen temperatures, and enhances cow well-being. The enhanced day-plus-night cooling group produced more milk and had lower panting scores compared to the daytime cooling group.