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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 152


Page 152 of 444

NTU Singapore scientists develop a sustainable method to produce lactic acid, indispensable in industrial food production, using waste jackfruit seeds

Scientists at Nanyang Technological University have developed a sustainable method to produce lactic acid using discarded jackfruit seeds. The new process is cheaper and more efficient, reducing waste and environmental impact while addressing rising production costs.

SourceNanyang Technological University·JournalJournal of Functional Foods·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Getting protein factories to run – How deubiquitinating enzymes moonlight as Fubi proteases

Researchers from Max Planck Institute identified mechanisms of deubiquitinating enzymes acting as Fubi proteases, regulating ribosomal protein maturation and modulating immune responses. This discovery expands understanding of post-translational modification systems and their roles in cellular processes.

SourceMax Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology·JournalNature Chemical Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Study reveals correlation between Zener relaxation and magnetostriction in FeGa single crystals

Researchers discovered a correlation between Zener relaxation and magnetostriction in FeGa single crystals, revealing that stress-induced reorientation of defects can give rise to an internal friction peak. The study also found a positive correlation between Zener relaxation strength and the magnetostriction coefficient, demonstrating ...

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalActa Materialia·DateAug 24, 2023

New study examines historical drought and flooding on the Amazon River

Researchers analyzed tree-ring data and historical records to reconstruct rainfall totals in the eastern Amazon. They found that recent extreme floods may not have exceeded natural hydroclimatic variability, but could still pose devastating consequences for a growing population living in high-risk areas.

SourceUniversity of Arkansas·JournalJournal of Climate·TypeObservational study·DateAug 24, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Preterm babies given certain fatty acids have better vision

A study at the University of Gothenburg found that preterm babies given a supplement with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids had improved visual function by age 2.5. The supplement also seemed to improve the brain's ability to interpret visual impressions.

SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalThe Lancet Regional Health - Europe·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateAug 24, 2023

Metabolite in urine predicts diabetic kidney failure 5-10 years early; oral therapeutic drug shows promise in mice

Researchers found that urine levels of adenine are predictive and causative biomarkers of looming progressive kidney failure in patients with diabetes. An oral therapeutic drug showed promise in mice by reducing kidney adenine levels and protecting against diabetic kidney disease.

SourceUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Study uncovers genetic risk factors for heart failure

A global team of scientists has identified 39 genetic mutations associated with heart failure and pinpointed seven druggable proteins that may prevent its onset. The findings could help physicians identify and treat at-risk patients before heart failure occurs.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalNature Communications·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateAug 24, 2023
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Monell Center helps discover epigenetic mechanism that causes bitter taste distortion

Researchers found that inducing inflammation triggers an epigenetic response in Tas2r genes, leading to a decrease in sweet taste preference and potentially affecting appetite and medication tolerance. This study has significant clinical implications for understanding behavioral aspects of illness and developing effective bitter blockers.

SourceMonell Chemical Senses Center·JournaliScience·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Sweet corn yield at the mercy of the environment, except for one key factor

A new study by the University of Illinois and USDA-Agricultural Research Service has identified the key factors influencing sweet corn yield. The analysis found that seed source is a significant variable, with processors having a choice over which hybrids to use, and high nighttime temperatures also impact yield.

SourceUniversity of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences·JournalPrecision Agriculture·DateAug 24, 2023

Severe COVID-19 survivors may show increased vascular risk associated with stress

Researchers found that severe COVID-19 survivors exhibit elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity in response to mental stress, which accelerates heartbeat and increases blood pressure. This exaggerated reaction, combined with impaired vasodilation, poses a significant risk for cardiovascular complications.

SourceD'Or Institute for Research and Education·JournalAJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology·DateAug 24, 2023

Novel algorithm proposed for selecting variables efficiently

A novel algorithm called MWO-BOSS was proposed to efficiently select variables in high-dimensional spectral data. The algorithm combines six weight vectors and uses a threshold search strategy to improve model predictive ability.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalInfrared Physics·DateAug 24, 2023
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Training immune cells to remove ‘trash’ helps resolve lung inflammation

Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered that trained immune cells can remove cellular debris and reduce inflammation in the lungs. This 'memory' or training allows these cells to respond better to subsequent infections, potentially leading to a cell therapy to prevent acute lung injury.

SourceUniversity of Illinois Chicago·JournalJournal of Experimental Medicine·DateAug 24, 2023

Certain gut conditions may be early warning signs of Parkinson’s disease

Research suggests that certain gut problems, such as gastroparesis, dysphagia, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), may precede the development of Parkinson's disease. A nationwide medical record network study found a significant association between these conditions and an increased risk of Parkinson's diagnosis.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalGut·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateAug 24, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Optimizing tobacco cessation treatment with lung cancer screening

A new study finds that integrating longitudinal tobacco cessation care into lung cancer screening improves quit rates and enhances the benefits of screenings. Researchers recommend incorporating behavioral treatment and medication into the screening process to help smokers quit.

SourceUniversity of Minnesota Medical School·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateAug 24, 2023

Mutations in blood stem cells can exacerbate colon cancer

Researchers found that mutations in blood stem cells can promote the development of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) by increasing blood vessel formation. Blocking certain drugs, such as axitinib, inhibited CAC tumor growth in mice with clonal hematopoiesis, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies.

SourceRockefeller University Press·JournalJournal of Experimental Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Remoteness didn’t protect Amazonian Tsimané from COVID-19

A new study found that voluntary collective isolation alone was ineffective in preventing the spread of COVID-19 among the Amazonian Tsimané. The researchers used a computer model and serological testing to confirm their predictions, showing nearly identical infection rates across communities.

SourceUniversity of Utah·JournalPLOS Biology·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 24, 2023

Bees from the time of the pharaohs found mummified on the Southwest Coast of Portugal

A new study has discovered hundreds of mummified bees from the time of Pharaoh Siamun, which have provided valuable insights into the decline of bee populations. The bees were found in a fossilized state on the southwest coast of Portugal and preserved the smallest anatomical details, including sex and pollen supply.

SourceFaculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon·JournalPapers in Palaeontology·DateAug 24, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

New ‘promising medicines’ fund may incentivise commercialisation of high price drugs with weak evidence on clinical benefits

A new fund to fast-track patient access to potentially valuable new medicines may incentivise the pharmaceutical industry to develop high-priced drugs for rare diseases with weak clinical evidence. The NHS England Innovative Medicines Fund risks disincentivising the generation of essential evidence if not implemented appropriately.

SourceSAGE·JournalJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine·TypeObservational study·DateAug 24, 2023

Social media does not cause depression in children and young people

A four-wave cohort study followed 800 children from age 10-16 to examine correlations between social media use and symptoms of anxiety and depression. The results showed no causal link, regardless of whether children used social media for self-expression or social interaction.

SourceNorwegian University of Science and Technology·JournalComputers in Human Behavior·TypeObservational study·DateAug 24, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

CRISPR-Cas3 gene editing system restores dystrophin function in stem cells derived from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A CRISPR-Cas3 system has restored dystrophin protein function in induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The approach uses a dual CRISPR RNA method to remove large sections of the dystrophin gene, yielding truncated but still functional proteins for various mutation patterns.

SourceCell Press·JournalStem Cell Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

ChatGPT shows limited ability to recommend guidelines-based cancer treatments

Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital evaluated ChatGPT's recommendations for cancer treatment aligned with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. They found that approximately one-third of the chatbot's responses were non-concordant, highlighting its limitations in clinical decision-making.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalJAMA Oncology·TypeObservational study·DateAug 24, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

New study shows major benefits of using subcutaneous anchor securement systems to secure central vascular access devices

A new study published in the Journal of Vascular Access found that subcutaneous anchors are more effective than adhesive securement devices in preventing catheter dislodgement. The study showed a significant reduction in unplanned catheter replacements and complications, with SecurAcath demonstrating a 99% success rate.

SourceDowling & Dennis PR·JournalThe Journal of Vascular Access·DateAug 24, 2023

AI: ChatGPT can outperform university students at writing assignments

A study published in Scientific Reports found that ChatGPT achieved similar or higher average grades than university students in 9 of 32 courses, with notable strengths in 'Introduction to Public Policy'. The survey also revealed that 74% of students would use ChatGPT for assignments, while educators underestimated this trend

SourceScientific Reports·JournalScientific Reports·DateAug 24, 2023

Scientists developed highly crystalline all graphene macrostructures

Researchers created highly crystalline All graphene macrostructures with micro-to-macro scalable electrical properties using a novel covalent growth technique. The approach achieved a 100-fold increase in cross-layer conductivity compared to non-covalent assembly methods.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·DateAug 24, 2023

Bonobos grow similarly to humans

Researchers found pronounced growth spurts in both body weight and length in bonobos, mirroring patterns seen in humans. The study's scale-corrected approach revealed similar hormone surges and corresponding growth curves in both species, highlighting a potential evolutionary connection.

SourceDeutsches Primatenzentrum (DPZ)/German Primate Center·JournaleLife·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Creating more clinician-researchers to provide patients more clinical trial options

The South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute's program provides early-career clinicians with the time and training needed to establish a sustainable portfolio of clinical trials. Scholars attend 'meet the expert' presentations, discuss strategies with mentors, and select suitable trials.

SourceMedical University of South Carolina·JournalJournal of Clinical and Translational Science·TypeCase study·DateAug 24, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Father-child bonding and its impact on pediatric developmental outcomes

A new study found that increased paternal involvement in childcare is associated with lower risk of developmental delay and promotes young children's development by reducing maternal parenting stress. High levels of paternal engagement yield advantages for both children and mothers.

SourceDoshisha University·JournalPediatric Research·TypeObservational study·DateAug 24, 2023

Research uncovers possible monoclonal antibody treatment for Lassa fever

Researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch have identified a possible treatment for Lassa fever, a highly infectious and often fatal disease. A new monoclonal antibody cocktail, Arevirumab-3, was shown to successfully treat cynomolgus monkeys infected with the virus in advanced stages.

SourceUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

SARS-CoV-2: how the history of human populations influences their immune response

Researchers investigated SARS-CoV-2 responses in 222 donors from Central Africa, Europe and East Asia. They found disparities in immune responses due to blood cell composition, latent cytomegalovirus infection and human genetic factors. These population differences may help improve patient management in future epidemics.

SourceInstitut Pasteur·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

HSE biologists explain mechanism behind coronavirus evolution

HSE biologists explain how coronavirus evolves from Wuhan variant to Omicron, highlighting the crucial role of microRNA molecules in the process. The study found that substitutions in the viral genome disrupted microRNA binding regions, leading to the emergence of more contagious and resilient strains.

SourceNational Research University Higher School of Economics·JournalJournal of Medical Virology·DateAug 24, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

New quantum device generates single photons and encodes information

A new approach to quantum light emitters generates circularly polarized single photons, a crucial step towards quantum cryptography and information processing. The innovation uses a proximity-effect approach to produce low-cost fabrication and reliability.

SourceDOE/Los Alamos National Laboratory·JournalNature Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Study IDs secret of stealthy invader essential to ruinous rice disease

Researchers have identified an essential stage in the takeover of rice cells by a fungus, which could accelerate treatment or prevention of rice blast disease. The discovery involves a modification in tRNA molecules that aid in protein construction, and its absence leads to reduced virulence.

SourceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln·JournalNature Microbiology·DateAug 24, 2023

New framework for oceanographic research provides potential for broader access to deep sea scientific exploration

A new framework, SHARC, provides a way for shore-based scientists, citizen scientists, and the public to collaborate with robotic sampling processes. The framework enables remote participants to conduct shipboard operations and control robotic manipulators using basic internet connection and consumer-grade hardware.

SourceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution·JournalScience Robotics·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2023

Advance of carbohydrate discovery in Polygonatum sibiricum

Researchers from Zhejiang University have discovered that Polygonatum sibiricum contains a significant amount of fructo-oligosaccharides, approximately 30% of the dry rhizome. These prebiotics promote gut health by fostering beneficial bacteria growth.

SourceZhejiang University·JournalFood Quality and Safety·DateAug 24, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

UCLA researchers say embedding study recruitment in pre-appointment check-in may significantly boost participation

Researchers at UCLA have found that embedding study recruitment in pre-appointment check-in pages can increase participation rates up to 40 times higher than traditional methods. The new technique, called preCheck-in recruitment, resulted in a socio-demographically representative patient population without financial incentives or staff...

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association·TypeObservational study·DateAug 24, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

New methodology combines earthquake ground shaking and ground failure for forecasting gas pipeline damage

A new methodology, developed by USGS researchers, integrates earthquake-induced ground failures with ground shaking hazards to provide a comprehensive forecast for pipeline damage. This approach is crucial for identifying potential damage in buried gas pipelines covering hundreds of kilometers.

SourceSeismological Society of America·JournalBulletin of the Seismological Society of America·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 24, 2023

NIH/National Institute on Aging’s $3 million R01 Grant supports study evaluating probiotic/prebiotic combination’s impact on maintaining bone health of older women

The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a synbiotic medical food, SBD111, in maintaining lumbar spine bone mineral density with aging. The researchers hope to provide new dietary interventions for preventing osteoporosis and fractures.

SourceHebrew SeniorLife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research·DateAug 23, 2023

Immune defense as key for plants conquering land

A new study suggests that one branch of plant immunity evolved early during terrestrial evolution, enabling plants to establish themselves on dry land. The research found that pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) is conserved in non-vascular plants, such as liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.

SourceMax Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 23, 2023

New research shows how cancer rewires a key immune pathway to spread

Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered a new relationship between cancer cells and the immune system, showing how prolonged activation of the STING pathway leads to cellular signaling changes that aid cancer's spread. This finding explains why drugs activating STING have been unsuccessful in clinical trials.

SourceWeill Cornell Medicine·JournalNature·DateAug 23, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Biologist gets the scoop on squash bug poop

A graduate student's accidental discovery sheds light on how squash bug nymphs acquire essential bacteria. Researchers found that the nymphs eat adult feces to obtain the necessary microbes, an elegant solution to a basic problem. This finding may offer insights for improved methods to control squash bugs, a significant agricultural pest.

SourceEmory University·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 23, 2023

Unraveling complex systems: The Backtracking Method

Researchers at EPFL have developed the Backtracking Dynamical Cavity Method (BDCM) to study disordered systems, which are found in materials science, climate, and social networks. By tracing steps backward from stable points, the BDCM provides valuable insights into complex system dynamics.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalPhysical Review X·DateAug 23, 2023