Researchers report the discovery of a hot Jupiter-like object orbiting a nearby star, offering insights into extreme planetary and stellar evolution. The binary system's brown dwarf component reveals temperature differences of up to 6,000 degrees between its dayside and nightside hemispheres.
Researchers have identified a neoplastic fusion transcript RAD51AP1-DYRK4 in luminal B breast cancer, associated with higher ki67 expression and aggressive clinical characteristics. MEK inhibitor trametinib may be effective in blocking the MEK-ERK signaling driven by this fusion.
Cancer patients undergoing certain treatments are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection, but boosting can significantly reduce this risk. Boosting every three months cuts the risk in half, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Researchers have found that a genetic risk factor for schizophrenia, 3q29 deletion syndrome, impairs mitochondrial function in brain cells. This impairment contributes to the development of schizophrenia and has implications for understanding the neurobiology of the disease.
A study led by University College London researchers analyzed 393 wasp samples collected from citizen scientists and found a single population of the Common Wasp (Vespula vulgaris) across Britain. The findings demonstrate the wasp's ability to disperse itself widely, contributing to its success in human-modified environments.
Researchers developed a minimally invasive microneedle platform capable of detecting protein biomarkers in response to immunotherapy against melanoma. The approach integrates with ultra-sensitive single-molecule detection and shows promise for effective drug screening and patient stratification.
Neuroscientists found that adversities permanently alter brain structure and function, increasing the risk of psychiatric disorders. An aberrant reaction to adversities is related to anxiety symptoms, with potential predictive value for disorder development.
Assistant Professor Jinwei Ye at George Mason University has been awarded a $600,000 NSF CAREER Award to develop polarization-based vision systems for autonomous navigation and smart manufacturing. The project aims to improve machine vision systems' capability in geometric and semantic scene understanding.
A new study projects nearly 1 billion people will be living with osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, by 2050. Currently, 15% of individuals aged 30 and older experience osteoarthritis, with obesity being a major risk factor.
Researchers found that endogenous retroviruses, naturally present in the human genome, can influence the spread of tau aggregates between cells. This suggests that viral proteins could be potential targets for therapies to stop or slow neurodegeneration.
Researchers have found a 20,000-year-old refugium for orcas in the northern Pacific, where pods settled during the last ice age. Genetic analysis reveals high diversity among these orcas, suggesting they may not fit neatly into one species.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology use a 350-year-old mechanical theorem to explain complex behaviors of light waves, showing a direct relationship between entanglement and polarization. This connection enables the deduction of hard-to-measure optical properties from simpler light intensity measurements.
Researchers develop adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller to estimate unknown parameters and control nonlinear PAMs, showing improved tracking accuracy and adaptability compared to traditional methods.
A new study by University of South Australia researchers found that boarders get 40 minutes more sleep than day students due to fixed bedtimes and stricter technology policies. Despite improved sleep, teen boarders experience similar levels of stress, anxiety, and depression as their day peers.
The Tiangong space station features a T-shaped configuration with three modules: Tianhe, Wentian, and Mengtian. It boasts advanced technologies, including a large-area flexible solar array system, physicochemically regenerative life support systems, and robotic arms.
A Murdoch Children's Research Institute-led review found COVID-19 vaccines are effective against severe cases of the disease in children and adolescents. However, with most children now having caught the SARS-CoV-2 virus and building up a natural immunity, the additional benefit of vaccination in healthy children is minimal. The review...
Researchers have discovered that estrogen promotes tumor growth in ERα-negative cancers, such as triple-negative breast cancer. Anti-estrogenic therapies, when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, drastically suppress tumor progression in mice models.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a DNA-based anticoagulant that has shown promising results in test mice and may be ready for human trials soon. The treatment could provide a safer alternative to existing medications, such as heparin, which can cause severe bleeding side effects.
A new protocol for nanoendoscopy-AFM has been developed to image nanoscale structures inside living cells, overcoming limitations of existing techniques. The technique uses atomic force microscopy (AFM) with a nanoneedle to penetrate cells and captures high-resolution images of intracellular structures.
Researchers discovered a unique mechanism in naked mole-rats that targets senescent cells, suppressing their accumulation and delaying aging. This 'natural senolytic' process involves serotonin metabolism and oxidative stress, potentially offering an evolutionary rationale for removing senescent cells as a therapeutic strategy.
A long-term study of nearly 2,400 solid organ transplant recipients found that COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced hospitalization rates, with a 75% decrease in later omicron waves. Despite this, post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 viral infections remain common, highlighting the importance of vaccination in high-risk populations.
Researchers discovered cytoplasmic retinoic acid receptors, such as RARalpha, are essential for T cell linking sensing at the cell surface with downstream signaling cascades and gene expression programs. The study sheds new light on TCR signaling and its connection to cancer treatment.
The August 2023 issue of SLAS Technology features original research articles on nanodiamonds, automated buffer exchange, and epidermal growth factor. A new scheduling method called SAGAS is proposed to optimize life science experiments in laboratory automation.
Researchers have found that a prostate cancer drug called proxalutamide can block SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and reduce inflammation. The compound works by binding to androgen receptors, inhibiting levels of TMPRSS2 and ACE2, and blocking infection.
Researchers found that C9ORF72 mutations impair neural stem cell renewal, leading to reduced brain regions during embryonic development. This impairment could contribute to disease symptoms later in life. The study used patient-derived nerve cells and laboratory mice to demonstrate the impact of C9ORF72 on neurodevelopment.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that following a heart-healthy diet rich in fish, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the probability of miscarriage during infertility treatments. The study analyzed data from over 600 women who underwent various fertility treatments.
A new study by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers found that severe COVID-19 infection can alter the immune system's response, causing long-lasting changes to gene expression in immune system stem cells. This can lead to symptoms of prolonged inflammation and 'long COVID' in affected individuals.
A Stanford study reveals how the meat and dairy industry lobbies governments to resist competition from alternative animal products, such as plant-based and lab-grown meat alternatives. The research found that governments consistently devote more funding to traditional livestock systems than sustainable alternatives.
A recent study by the University of Miami found that most soil microbes are either multidimensional generalists or specialists, adapting to various environmental conditions. Generalist microbes can withstand a wide range of conditions, while specialist microbes are sensitive to changes and play key roles in community organization.
The University of Texas at El Paso has been awarded a $5.3M grant from the Air Force Research Laboratory to enhance digital engineering training programs. The project will provide pre-professional experiences to 200 students and offer courses in digital engineering.
A new study analyzed protein residues from ancient cooking cauldrons and found evidence of deer, sheep, goats, and cow family members being consumed during the Maykop period. The researchers also discovered milk proteins, indicating that dairy was a part of the diet.
Researchers identified a link between high white blood cells in saliva and compromised flow-mediated dilation, an early indicator of poor arterial health. The study suggests that low levels of oral inflammatory load may have an impact on cardiovascular health.
A pair of studies suggest people consistently overestimate support for harmful actions and underestimate support for helpful reactions to controversial research findings. This negativity bias can lead to censorship and harm, with conservative participants more likely to support censoring research.
A paper published in Nature Energy reveals a promising breakthrough in green energy: an electrolyzer device capable of converting carbon dioxide into propane. The device, developed by Illinois Tech assistant professor Mohammad Asadi, is scalable and economically viable.
Professor Vincent Nijman warns that Indonesia's failure to enforce protection laws for whale sharks puts the species at risk. The study found that many landed shark are immature and still weigh over two tonnes, with some ending up in trade despite being legally protected.
A new study presents a promising method for developing user-defined agents that can selectively target and destroy malignant cells. The agents, called programmable T-cell engagers (PTEs), are created with DNA origami and can be fitted with different antibodies to target specific tumor cells.
A study of over 4.4 million residents at 15,000 skilled nursing facilities found that telemedicine use was higher than pre-2020 levels and associated with improved access to psychiatry visits. Higher adoption rates were linked to better outcomes for patients in these facilities.
A modeling study suggests the US can achieve deep emissions reductions in the building sector by 91% by 2050, primarily through demand-side measures. This would save over $100 billion per year in energy-related costs while meeting the country's net-zero emissions target.
A study of 612 women found that adherence to preconception healthy dietary patterns before infertility treatment may be associated with a lower likelihood of pregnancy loss. The findings suggest a potential benefit of healthy eating habits for fertility outcomes.
Researchers found a high incidence of systemic amyloidosis in Japanese squirrels, characterized by severe glomerular amyloid deposition. The study suggests that fibrinogen Aα-chain is a precursor protein and the amino acid sequence plays a crucial role in maintaining protein stability.
A new study reveals that using big data and machine learning can improve antimicrobial resistance surveillance in livestock production. The research found correlations between environmental variables, microbial communities, and antimicrobial resistance, suggesting multiple routes for improving surveillance.
A recent study from the University of Helsinki found that replacing red meat with pea- and faba bean-based food products does not negatively affect bone metabolism. The study, known as BeanMan, involved 102 Finnish men who followed a six-week diet rich in legumes.
Researchers reviewed techniques for Jupiter capture trajectories, including satellite-aided captures and multiple-satellite-aided captures. They also examined tour trajectories of Galilean moons using patched-conics models and three-body trajectory designs.
Researchers highlight concerns among healthcare providers about patients with cognitive decline living alone, who are vulnerable to missing medical appointments and failing to respond to follow-up phone calls. The study emphasizes the need for improved support systems to prevent untreated medical conditions, self-neglect, and falls.
Researchers develop novel image-based visual servoing method for UAVs to track dynamic rotating targets. The proposed method utilizes a velocity observer and integral-based filter to enhance tracking stability and anti-disturbance ability.
Researchers studying foraminifers, tiny algae with calcareous shells, have discovered six different strategies under various environmental conditions. These strategies are crucial for predicting changes in the ocean's calcium balance and carbon cycle under climate change.
A new study demonstrates that atlatl weapon use by prehistoric females equalizes the division of labor while hunting. The results suggest that female and male interments with atlatl weaponry should be interpreted similarly, indicating women were likely active and successful hunters.
A recent study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin reveals that both conservatism and liberalism have unifying values such as tradition and inclusiveness, but also divisive vices like elitism and rebellion. These findings suggest that these ideologies are not mutually exclusive, but rather interconnected concepts.
A NIH-funded study found that severe COVID-19 can cause lasting changes in the innate immune system, boosting inflammatory cytokine production and leading to chronic inflammation. Early treatment with IL-6 inhibitors may help mitigate these effects.
The workshop, under Prof. Rafael Bernardi and Prof. Emad Tajkhorshid's guidance, showcased expertise from NAMD and VMD developers, providing in-depth dives into molecular dynamics simulations and biomolecular visualization.
A team of scientists has generated and analysed 2000 canine genomes, creating a toolkit for answering complex biological questions. The study reveals genetic diversity in breed morphology, behaviour, and disease susceptibility, as well as the structure of the genome.
Researchers from Iowa State University and Wichita State University are developing a green fertilizer system that captures waste nitrogen and carbon dioxide to produce a fertilizer reducing nitrous oxide emissions. The project aims to promote sustainable farming practices in the Midwest region.
Researchers propose a new method using synthetic complex frequency waves to compensate for optical loss in superlensing, improving imaging resolution. Experiments demonstrate enhanced imaging results with hyperbolic metamaterials and polariton metamaterials.
The study reveals that the hydration layer on sapphire is non-uniform due to local distributions of surface OH groups, whereas α-quartz has a uniform hydration layer. The interaction force between oxides and water also varies significantly between the two crystals.
Medical students reporting disabilities increased by over 25% during COVID-19 pandemic, but requests for accommodations decreased. Remote curriculum delivery may have created an optimal learning environment, reducing the need for accommodations.
A study of 34,000 adolescents in Northern California found that those from disadvantaged neighborhoods were more likely to experience depressive symptoms and suicidality. The findings highlight the impact of structural racism on adolescent mental health.
This study quantifies the dynamics of ESs supply and demand in the Taihu Lake Basin, highlighting increasing quantitative and spatial differences between supply and demand. The analysis reveals significant deficits mainly in densely populated towns, while high surplus areas are found in forested regions.
A phase I trial of cultivated autologous limbal epithelial cell transplantation (CALEC) has shown positive results in four patients with severe chemical burns, restoring cornea surfaces and improving vision. The treatment uses a patient's own stem cells grown on a graft, offering hope to patients with untreatable vision loss and pain a...
Researchers used acoustic emission to analyze pulsed laser processing of float glass, revealing interactions and forming circular pits and cracks. This study demonstrates the feasibility of AE monitoring in studying pulsed laser processing of other brittle materials.
Researchers observed novel ergodicity-breaking in C60, a highly symmetric molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms. The molecule's rotation rate dictates its structural deformation, leading to peculiar ergodicity transitions.