A University of Massachusetts Amherst kinesiologist is implementing a physical activity program for young children in preschools with low socioeconomic status. The pilot study aims to measure the impact on cognitive development and gross motor skills, with potential long-term implications for health disparities.
Researchers from HSE University challenged the famous Libet studies on free will, revealing a lack of correlation between brain activity and decision-making. The study used advanced EEG techniques to investigate the timing of intention awareness and final decision, finding that the latter could be influenced by experimental procedures.
Research reveals critical role of LINC00901 and its regulatory network in promoting pancreatic cancer progression. A critical axis driving PDAC progression is unveiled through m6A modification.
A study by Newcastle University reveals that gillnets in Thailand's small-scale fisheries catch an estimated 5.6 million rays, 457 thousand sharks, and other threatened species each year. The researchers urge regulation of these fishing methods to protect megafauna from extinction.
Researchers find that Acinetobacter baumannii can achieve significant functional modifications in protein complexes over short evolutionary time spans, particularly in hair-like cell appendages. This diversity may affect the pathogen's interaction with its environment and inform personalized therapies.
Researchers analyzed data from 230,000 individuals with second primary cancers, revealing higher mortality rates among Black and Hispanic populations compared to whites. The study highlights the need for targeted research on survival disparities in multiple primary cancer survivors.
Researchers at the Marine Biological Laboratory have devised a method to precisely alter rotifer genomes using CRISPR-Cas9, enabling the study of fundamental biology and evolution. The new approach will allow scientists to investigate various aspects of biology, including aging, DNA repair mechanisms, and mitochondrial function.
A two-week study found that participants' own perception of their sleep quality was consistently linked to their mood and life satisfaction. Positive evaluations of sleep were associated with more positive emotions and higher life satisfaction the next day.
Eric Quaempts, Tribal member and Department of Natural Resources Director at Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, has been recognized for his work on First Foods management approach. He received the 2023 ESA Regional Policy Award for integrating tribal ecological approaches into natural resource management.
A new adjuvanted intranasal vaccine has shown promise in protecting both young and old mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The vaccine combines an RNA-based molecule with a nanoemulsion, resulting in a strong immune response.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University reveals that Mallotus furetianus extract suppresses body weight gain and fat accumulation in obesity model mice. The findings suggest a link between the plant's extract and antiobesity effects, indicating its potential as a new food ingredient.
The Department of Energy's Office of Science has selected five Oak Ridge National Laboratory scientists for the Early Career Research Program. The awardees include Matthew Brahlek, Jack Cahill, Eugene Dumitrescu, and two additional researchers. Their research focuses on creating new chiral systems, elucidating genes associated with bio...
A recent study published in Nature Communications identified an important brain circuit for socially subjective reward valuation, finding that temporarily disconnecting the medial prefrontal cortex from the lateral hypothalamus reduces susceptibility to others' rewards but not individual expectations. This research has significant impl...
A WVU study found that U.S. cities with new professional sports teams saw increased influenza mortality rates, with the NHL teams causing the largest increase. The researchers analyzed data from 122 cities and controlled for factors like population and temperature to find a significant correlation between team arrival and flu deaths.
A new diagnostic method assesses electrical and mechanical activity in the heart during atrial fibrillation, providing personalized assessment of atrial remodeling. This can help predict disease progression and guide treatment.
A recent study of Massachusetts schools found low secondary attack rates for SARS-CoV-2 among school-based contacts. The study highlights the importance of ongoing surveillance efforts to maintain optimal disease prevention strategies.
Astronomers have observed and simulated the feeding of gas to three protostars in a trinary system, revealing how spiral arms, or 'streamers,' form and contribute to protostar growth. This study provides new insights into multi-star system formation, an important aspect of overall star formation theory.
Researchers developed a pair of modules to enhance polyp segmentation in colonoscopy images, overcoming challenges of image noise and camouflage. The new approach achieved significant improvements in accuracy, with a 2.6% increase in performance and an additional 1.8% gain from a camouflage detection module.
Scientists propose an alternative model to explain the fast onset of chemical reactions required for life. The new paradigm suggests that catalytic clusters can form rapidly and in large numbers, enabling the self-organization of molecules into living structures.
A Chinese research team has developed a power generator that collects and produces continuous electrical signals from natural atmospheric humidity. The device uses nano-sized polyoxometalates, which are environmentally friendly and have high stability in various environments.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science have developed an innovative method to synthesize azide compounds with a protected azido group, facilitating the efficient synthesis of organonitrogen compounds. This novel approach enables the creation of a wide range of azides through transformations with various electrophiles.
A University of Bristol-led study warns that Kordofan giraffes may go extinct within 15 years if poaching continues in Cameroon's Bénoué National Park. Researchers found that the removal of one male and one female giraffe per year would result in an average time to extinction of just 15.3 years.
A new study by the American Cancer Society reveals substantial racial and ethnic disparities among survivors of second primary cancers in the US. Non-Hispanic Black individuals experience higher cancer-related death rates, while Hispanic individuals face lower cardiovascular-related death rates compared to non-Hispanic White counterparts.
A recent study by USU ecologist Jessica Murray found that tree canopies store significant amounts of carbon, with the ability to store up to 4% of total soil carbon. Climate and tree size play a crucial role in canopy soil abundance, and its decline could lead to a significant decrease in carbon storage resources.
A recent study by Dr. Ansgar Hudde found that women in Germany have been voting more left-wing than men, with the youngest voters being particularly left-leaning. The trend is most evident among those aged 18-24, where parties like the Greens and Left are more popular among women.
Researchers highlight the need for effective treatment strategies for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck, which is a highly malignant tumor with variable localizations. Proton therapy shows decisive advantages in long-term survival rates for ACC.
Researchers found little evidence of a repeatable pattern in influenza cases in Vietnam, suggesting that the virus is unpredictable throughout tropical areas. This finding poses substantial challenges for prevention and management of cases in regions with high population density.
Researchers from Boston University propose a data-driven approach to stratify individuals with mild cognitive impairment based on their risk of progressing to Alzheimer's disease. The study uses deep learning and survival analysis to identify key brain regions relevant to AD, enabling early interventions for those at high risk.
A new UNC study found significant disparities in testing and treatment of private wells among low-income and minority households in North Carolina. The research highlights alarming levels of contamination and unequal access to well testing and treatment.
Scientists at Kanazawa University discovered how calcium ions block sodium channels, regulating ionic current involved in neural activities like memory formation. The study reveals the structural features and molecular processes underlying divalent cation block in NavAb, a well-known tetrameric sodium channel.
A roundtable consensus emphasizes the importance of collecting long-term patient-reported outcome data in oncology trials to assess treatment effects and disease progression. Stakeholders agree that this information is vital for regulators, payers, physicians, and patients making decisions after treatment discontinuation.
A subpolar Atlantic plankton species was found in the central Arctic Ocean during the Last Interglacial period, indicating summers were ice-free. This discovery has implications for understanding Arctic climate dynamics without sea ice.
Researchers from Michigan State University's School of Packaging have developed a bio-based polymer blend that is compostable in both home and industrial settings. The blend, which includes polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic starch, reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills and enables efficient recycling.
Researchers from Leicester and Nottingham universities have received £600,000 funding to study sexual development and gene shuffling in the malaria parasite. The study aims to uncover new targets for therapies to control disease transmission.
Researchers have developed novel liquid metal nanoparticles that combine photothermal therapy with immunotherapy, demonstrating high specificity and low side effects. The nanoparticles can target and destroy cancer cells while also stimulating the immune system to fight against tumors.
A recent study discovered the complex circadian clock mechanisms in soil bacteria Bacillus subtilis, regulating multiple genes and behaviors. The findings have significant implications for industrial applications, human health, and plant science.
A new South Australian study found that breastfeeding for six months or more appears to reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems developing in mothers for at least three years after delivery. Women who breastfed experienced lower blood pressure and body-weight recovery, indicating improved cardio-metabolic health.
University of Melbourne researchers developed a novel approach to 'tissue engineering' blood vessels by combining multiple materials and fabrication technologies. The method creates blood vessels with complex geometries like native blood vessels, offering a transformative solution for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin created a noninvasive EEG sensor that can measure brain activity during immersive VR interactions. The device has potential applications in helping people with anxiety, measuring mental stress, and giving humans insight into robot behavior.
Researchers developed an in-situ monitoring approach to improve the precision of two-photon lithography fabrication, enabling high-fidelity synthesis of structured tissue scaffolds. The algorithm enhances optical sectioning ability and eliminates background noise for real-time layer-by-layer supervision.
A KAIST research team has identified excessive astrocyte-mediated synapse removal as the cause of mental diseases induced by childhood abuse trauma. This mechanism is linked to stress hormones and can lead to abnormal neural networks and complex behavioral abnormalities.
A Hong Kong study of 1.5 million people found that young-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with higher rates of hospital stays for mental health disorders. The study suggests that addressing mental health needs may be crucial in reducing hospitalization rates for young adults with type 2 diabetes.
A new study by UNC-Chapel Hill researchers found significant nitrogen fixation in sargassum communities, outpacing other marine sources. This discovery sheds light on the critical role of sargassum in supporting marine productivity and highlights the importance of long-term data collection.
Researchers have shown a positive association between added sugar consumption and an increased risk of developing kidney stones. Participants with higher intakes of added sugars had greater odds of developing kidney stones over the course of the study.
A randomized clinical trial found that telephone-based cognitive behavioral therapy (tele-CBT) significantly reduced binge eating, emotional eating, and depression/anxiety symptoms in individuals after bariatric surgery. However, short-term weight outcomes were unaffected by tele-CBT.
A new study led by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center identified a 64-protein pattern that predicted ovarian tumor responsiveness to treatment. This diagnostic could identify patients with types of ovarian cancers that would not benefit from standard therapies, allowing them to pursue clinical trials instead.
A groundbreaking analysis of historical DNA links tens of thousands of living individuals to enslaved and free African Americans at Catoctin Furnace. The study provides a new way to complement genealogical efforts and restore ancestral histories for African American communities.
Research reveals a local mechanism in neurons that enables insulin-like growth factors to facilitate brain plasticity. IGF release is necessary for activating the IGF1-Receptor during synaptic plasticity, leading to neuron growth and strengthening.
A population genetics team identified genetic relationship between 23andMe users and enslaved Africans in Catoctin Furnace, Maryland. The researchers consider ethics of sharing results with descendants and other relatives, highlighting importance of proper consent and minimizing harm.
Scientists have developed a new liquid metal coating that can treat and kill bacteria, offering a potential solution to the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. The coating, made from gallium liquid metal particles, has improved biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, making it safe for human cells.
A recent study by Indiana University researchers found that an e-health and telehealth-based collaborative care intervention had a significant impact on patients with depression. The intervention resulted in a 43% reduction in depressive symptoms among participants, compared to only 17% in the usual primary care group.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered a safe and efficient way to create cyclopropanes, key features in many drugs, using a previously undescribed chemical process. The new method uses visible light and common ingredients to transform alkenes into cyclopropanes with no carbene intermediate.
A NUS study reveals how Wnt signalling regulates colour patterns in butterfly wings, with different ligands and receptors controlling specific areas. The researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to test the function of pathway members, showing that they interact and regulate each other.
A new study by Dr. Amin Ghaziani and Andy Holmes found that people are deeply ambivalent about coming out, with awareness of generational differences playing a key role. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 52 adult Vancouverites about their experiences coming out over the last five years.
Researchers unveil a novel signaling pathway that fosters chronic metabolic disorders through aged adipocyte dysfunction. Impaired BCAA catabolism in adipose tissues accelerates aging, while selective inhibition of CRTC2 or PPAR gamma activation may hold potential to inhibit aging and extend health span.
A study published in Stroke found significant disparities in stroke risk factors between Black and non-Black adults. However, after one year of intensive medical intervention, some risk factors were reduced in Black adults.
A new study reveals that the receptor PIEZO2 in sensory neurons plays a crucial role in controlling gut motility and transit time. This finding has significant implications for understanding gastrointestinal disorders and developing therapeutic applications.
A radiomic-based model using T2-weighted MRI data achieved high accuracy in diagnosing pediatric Crohn disease, outperforming expert radiologists. The model was ensembled with clinical data to further improve performance.
A new Lancet study reveals persistent disparities in mortality rates among five racial-ethnic groups and 3,110 US counties from 2000 to 2019. Cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms were the leading causes of death, with significant gaps between racial-ethnic groups.
A new study found an increase in precocious puberty diagnoses among girls during the COVID-19 pandemic due to poor lifestyle changes. Girls with higher body mass index scores were more likely to be diagnosed with early puberty, suggesting a link between rapid weight gain and advanced pubertal development.