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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 173


Page 173 of 444

Study: People expect others to mirror their own selfishness, generosity

A study by University of Illinois researchers found that individuals' own behavior influences their expectations and treatment of others. Generous people tend to reward generous behavior, while selfish individuals punish generosity. This research has practical relevance to social interactions and decision-making.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalCognitive Science·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023

Fanning the flames

Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis discovered that wildfires emit dark brown carbon, a potent climate-warming particle that absorbs solar radiation. This finding has broad implications for climate models and highlights the need to revise existing approaches to account for the unexpected effects of brown carbon.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalNature Geoscience·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023

More work needed to unlock mysteries of Asia’s bees

A new study reveals significant gaps in knowledge of Asian bee species, highlighting the need for more resources to build basic scientific knowledge of bee biodiversity. This knowledge is crucial for managing and maintaining bee diversity, pollination, and food security in Asia.

SourceThe Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture·JournalBiological Conservation·TypeSurvey·DateAug 7, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Scientists crack the code of what causes diamonds to erupt

Researchers discovered that tectonic plate breakup is the main driving force behind diamond-rich magmas and eruptions from deep inside the Earth. The team's findings could shape the future of diamond exploration, informing where diamonds are most likely to be found.

SourceUniversity of Southampton·JournalNature·DateAug 7, 2023

Paper addresses ethics of bioethics conference in Qatar

The International Association of Bioethics has proposed a framework to guide the selection of future conference sites, including those with anti-LGBTQ+ laws. The framework identifies multiple values and principles at stake, aiming to broaden conversation within bioethics about international conferencing ethics.

SourceUniversity of Washington School of Medicine/UW Medicine·JournalThe American Journal of Bioethics·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateAug 7, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Mathematical theory predicts self-organized learning in real neurons

Researchers used a mathematical theory called the free energy principle to predict how real neural networks learn and organize themselves. The study successfully mimicked this process in rat embryo neurons grown in a culture dish, demonstrating the principle's guiding force behind biological neural network learning.

SourceRIKEN·JournalNature Communications·DateAug 7, 2023

Quantum material exhibits “non-local” behavior that mimics brain function

Researchers at Q-MEEN-C discovered non-locality in quantum materials, allowing for complex interactions and memory-like functionality. This breakthrough enables simpler and more efficient devices that mimic brain functions, potentially surpassing current AI capabilities.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalNano Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023

“Superarthropods”: New publication unravels the impact of the widespread use of insecticides for malaria control

The widespread use of insecticides for malaria control has unintended consequences, including the development of resistance in other disease-carrying arthropods. This can lead to the spread of overlooked and dangerous tropical diseases. Understanding the behavior and insecticide susceptibility status of these organisms is crucial to pr...

SourceArizona State University·JournalThe Lancet Planetary Health·DateAug 7, 2023

Stealth swimmers: The fish that hide behind others to hunt

A new study reveals that trumpetfish can conceal themselves by swimming closely behind another fish while hunting, reducing the likelihood of detection. This unique strategy, known as 'shadowing', uses a non-threatening species of fish as camouflage to approach prey.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

A wake-up call for kids’ poor heart health

A new study reveals a high incidence of youth with cardiovascular risk factors but inadequate resources to provide preventive care. Pediatricians and policymakers must address these gaps by investing in pediatric preventive cardiology and increasing collaboration between programs.

SourceNorthwestern University·JournalCirculation·DateAug 7, 2023

New method to identify mutations in childhood brain tumors

Researchers at Uppsala University developed a new method to identify mutations in childhood brain tumors, medulloblastoma. The study found that these mutations can affect how cancer cells respond to certain drugs, suggesting a potential for precision medicine.

SourceUppsala University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithm accelerates dynamic mode decomposition for high-dimensional time series analysis

A new quantum-classical hybrid algorithm has been developed to accelerate dynamic mode decomposition for high-dimensional time series analysis. The algorithm can operate with a small number of samples and has a quantum advantage in the analysis of high-dimensional time series.

SourceIntelligent Computing·JournalIntelligent Computing·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 7, 2023

A fungus gets comfortable

Researchers found that clinical strains of Aspergillus fumigatus differ significantly from environmental strains in amino acid synthesis. The fungus appears to shape the lung microbiome to its advantage, surviving on vital metabolites produced by other microorganisms.

SourceLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute -·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 7, 2023
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Carbon dioxide – not water – triggers explosive basaltic volcanoes

Geoscientists at Cornell University have discovered that gaseous carbon dioxide can trigger explosive eruptions in basaltic volcanoes. The research uses a new model to suggest that magma comes directly from the mantle, stored tens of kilometers below Earth's surface.

SourceCornell University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 7, 2023

Using social media to raise awareness of women’s resources

The study found that receiving videos or reminders increased consumption of media content about the issue, increased knowledge about available resources, and reported use of some resources in response to violence. However, long-term attitudes towards gender and marital equity remained unchanged.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalNature Human Behaviour·DateAug 7, 2023

Accurate measurement of permittivity advances radio telescope receivers and next generation telecommunication networks

Researchers developed a novel method to measure permittivity 100 times more accurately than before. This technology contributes to efficient development of sensitive radio receivers for radio telescopes and high-frequency materials for next-gen communication networks.

SourceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences·JournalIEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Inside job: Finding exposes unexpected killer of immune cells lacking self marker

Dendritic cells have been found to directly kill T cells lacking CD47, providing a new insight into the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self. This discovery has potential implications for cancer treatment and raises questions about the therapeutic application of this novel mechanism.

SourceKobe University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023

Sports media use linked to belief in rape myths

A recent study found that young men who regularly consume sports media are more likely to accept rape myths, even after accounting for negative masculine norms. The researchers suggest that the production of sports media around athletic events contributes to this connection, portraying men as hyper-masculine aggressors and women as tro...

SourceWashington State University·JournalJournal of Health Communication·DateAug 7, 2023

ISB researchers find a chink in the armor of tuberculosis pathogen

Researchers at the Institute for Systems Biology have identified a signaling system called MtrA that helps Mycobacterium tuberculosis grow in response to host signals. Disrupting this system compromises the pathogen's cell wall, making it unable to divide and ultimately compromising its survival.

SourceInstitute for Systems Biology·JournalCell Reports·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 7, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

New treatment method reduces size and increases stability of atherosclerotic plaque on arterial walls, preventing heart diseases: NUS study

Researchers at NUS have developed a new treatment method that reduces the size and increases the stability of atherosclerotic plaques in arterial walls. The treatment involves injecting omega-3 fatty acids into the bloodstream via nanomedicine, which helps to reduce inflammation and prevent plaque rupture.

SourceNational University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine·JournalJournal of Controlled Release·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateAug 7, 2023

Smart devices: Putting a premium on peace of mind

A new program aims to label smart devices with certain cybersecurity standards, allowing consumers to make informed choices. However, the effectiveness of these labels in protecting consumers from cyber threats is uncertain.

SourceDuke University·TypeSurvey·DateAug 7, 2023

Current estimates of Lake Erie algae toxicity may miss the mark

A new study by Ohio State University suggests that the toxicity of Lake Erie's harmful algal bloom varies over the summer, with an overestimation in warmer months and underestimation in cooler months. The research aims to develop a more accurate toxicology forecast for Lake Erie.

SourceOhio State University·JournalHarmful Algae·TypeObservational study·DateAug 7, 2023

New PNAS study from ESMT Berlin reveals ideal first offer in negotiations

Researchers analyzed 26 million eBay negotiations to determine optimal low first offers. Lower first offers effectively bring down final sale prices, while a linear anchoring effect benefits buyers. The study identifies three zones: safety, acceleration, and saturation zones, where impasse risk decreases or increases.

SourceESMT Berlin·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 7, 2023

What makes individuals fall through the safety nets during disasters?

The special issue examines how social vulnerability is defined and whether it can be prevented or mitigated in crises. Economic hardship is often not the main determinant of coping with crises, but rather limited availability of personal or formal support networks.

SourceEstonian Research Council·JournalInternational Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction·TypeNews article·DateAug 7, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Increased risk of dementia diagnosis, benzodiazepine exposure in seniors with anxiety

A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found a significant association between anxiety and an increased risk of dementia diagnosis in seniors. Benzodiazepine exposure was also associated with a 28% higher risk of dementia, but only when prescribed to patients without an anxiety disorder.

SourceSaint Louis University·JournalJournal of the American Geriatrics Society·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateAug 7, 2023
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Modulating type 1 Interferon may expand treatment options for COVID-19

Researchers found that modulating type 1 Interferon (IFN-I) signaling reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in rhesus macaques, offering new treatment strategies for COVID-19. The study also showed a significant reduction in viral loads with IFNmod treatment.

SourceEmory Health Sciences·JournalScience Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 7, 2023

New metalens lights the way for advanced control of quantum emission

A new multifunctional metalens has been developed to structure quantum emissions from solid-state single photon emitters. The metalens can simultaneously tailor directionality, polarization, and orbital angular momentum degrees of freedom, enabling the generation of high-dimensional single-photon hybrid quantum states.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournaleLight·DateAug 7, 2023

Using machine learning to make ventilator support safer for children

Critically ill children on ventilator support can experience patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA), which worsens outcomes. Researchers are using machine learning to develop a common set of definitions and measurements for PVA in pediatric patients, aiming to minimize risks and improve clinical outcomes.

SourceChildren's Hospital Los Angeles·DateAug 7, 2023
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Medical schools selected for quality improvement curriculum project

Ten medical schools nationwide and internationally have been selected to participate in a two-year quality improvement project to refine and implement a competency-based obesity education curriculum. The program aims to improve the care of people living with obesity by educating future physicians.

SourceThe Obesity Society·DateAug 7, 2023

Anastasopoulos facilitating language technologies for crisis response

George Mason University Assistant Professor Anastasopoulos leads a research project to create infrastructure for language technologies in crisis scenarios. The project aims to facilitate effective communication with vulnerable populations and will disseminate results through a workshop featuring experts from various fields.

SourceGeorge Mason University·DateAug 7, 2023

The trilobites’ guide to surviving environmental change

A new study reveals how Aulacopleura, an ancient sea-dwelling trilobite, developed variable mid-section segments to tolerate dips in local oxygen levels. This adaptation allowed the species to thrive despite being preyed upon by larger predators.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalProceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 7, 2023

Adapting to water temperature changes: the smart "coat" of Yangtze finless porpoise

The Yangtze finless porpoise has evolved a specialized subcutaneous blubber layer that serves as an intelligent thermal coat, regulating body temperature in response to changing water temperatures. The blubber thickness changes with the water temperature, becoming thicker in colder waters and thinner in warmer waters.

SourceKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.·JournalWater Biology and Security·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 6, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Go with the flow

Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a continuous-flow manufacturing method for producing cefazolin, an essential antibiotic. This new approach reduces time, cost and waste, making it ideal for flexible production and improving global health access.

SourceUniversity of Tokyo·JournalBulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 6, 2023

Unraveling Alzheimer's catalysts as weavers of amyloid β fibrils

The study reveals a double-layered structure of amyloid-β on GM1-containing membranes that acts as a catalyst for fibrillization. This discovery offers new insights into predicting Alzheimer's disease onset and potentially inhibiting its progression.

SourceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences·JournalACS Chemical Neuroscience·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 6, 2023

Out with the life coach, in with the chatbot

Researchers at the University of South Australia found that chatbots significantly improved physical activity, diet and sleep. Chatbots were effective across different age groups and more conducive to achieving positive outcomes than speech-based AI. A blended approach with human coaching may be the most beneficial.

SourceUniversity of South Australia·JournalDigital Medicine·TypeCase study·DateAug 6, 2023

Advancing intelligent railway systems: GNSS-based applications and field demonstration validation

Researchers developed a novel train control system with dynamic configuration, reduced track-side equipment, and improved maintainability to achieve cost savings and increased transportation efficiency. The study promotes the integration of GNSS-based positioning and navigation technologies to enhance railway operations.

SourceKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.·JournalHigh-speed Railway·DateAug 6, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Let the robot insect land and take off on the wall Utilizing hybrid power layout with flying–climbing transition control to complete biological behavior

A team of researchers from Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics developed a bionic robot that can complete smooth movement, including landing on a vertical wall, climbing along the wall, and taking off from the wall. The robot uses a flapping/rotor hybrid power layout to mimic insect's control of body posture.

SourceResearch·JournalResearch·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 5, 2023

AI transformation of medicine: Why doctors are not prepared

AI-powered clinical decision support systems can enhance patient care, but doctors lack necessary skills to interpret and act on risk predictions. To address this gap, medical education and training need to incorporate explicit coverage of probabilistic reasoning tailored to CDS algorithms.

SourceUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·TypeNews article·DateAug 5, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Hartshorn salt and “baking” solves a serious environmental problem

A breakthrough solution has been discovered to recycle blended fabrics like polyester/cotton using a simple technique involving heat, non-toxic solvent, and household ingredient. This environmentally friendly approach can recover cotton on a scale of hundreds of grams while preserving the plastic component.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - Faculty of Science·JournalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering·DateAug 4, 2023

Prenatal diagnosis matters: Linked to earlier surgery for congenital heart disease

A study by Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago found that prenatal diagnosis is associated with earlier surgery for babies with congenital heart defects, leading to improved outcomes. Prenatally diagnosed babies had surgery on average one week sooner than those with postnatal diagnosis.

SourceAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago·JournalCirculation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes·DateAug 4, 2023

How good is that AI-penned radiology report?

A new study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that automated scoring systems for AI-generated radiology reports fail to reliably identify clinical errors. The team designed a new method and composite evaluation tool to better evaluate the performance of AI tools in generating clinically useful and trustworthy reports.

SourceHarvard Medical School·JournalPatterns·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateAug 4, 2023

New study shows increase in Welsh breastfeeding rates during pandemic

A Swansea University-led study found that Welsh breastfeeding rates increased during the pandemic, with a significant correlation between mothers' intention to breastfeed and exclusive breastfeeding duration. The study proposes targeted interventions during pregnancy and policies to support families to improve breastfeeding duration.

SourceSwansea University·JournalBMJ Paediatrics Open·TypeObservational study·DateAug 4, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Does relaxing paywall access help or hurt digital news subscriptions?

A new study found that temporarily relaxing paywall restrictions leads to an increase in subscribers. The researchers discovered that users who experienced 'free' access during certain events were more likely to subscribe afterwards.

SourceInstitute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences·JournalMarketing Science·TypeObservational study·DateAug 4, 2023