A new study from JAMA finds that physicians using social media are sharing and debating medical advancements, democratizing access to medical knowledge. The research team analyzed over 4 million #MedEd posts on X, revealing the potential of social media to accelerate medical science and improve practice.
A new study analyzing over 220,000 people's sleep data shows that those in Asia have shorter sleep duration and lower quality, with more variable sleep timing on weekdays. In contrast, people in other regions tend to have longer weekend sleep extension, suggesting a cultural impact on sleep habits.
Scientists engineer bacteria to target cancer cells, utilizing NIR fluorescence and photothermal conversion to selectively eliminate malignant cells. The study demonstrates effective optical and immunological functions in a mouse model of colon cancer.
The Norwegian approach to prison reform focuses on building relationships and trust, reducing solitary confinement. In a US pilot program, residents spent more time outside their cells, with a 74% drop in assaults and an 86% decrease in staff use-of-force incidents.
A team of experts has developed a tool to characterise quantum operations and compare the capabilities of quantum computers with classical computing power using random test sequences. This allows for statistical analysis and benchmarking of quantum computer performance.
A study by Pennington Biomedical Research Center and Woman's Hospital found that pregnant women in Louisiana were more likely to exceed recommended weight gain levels during the pandemic, with a 3-7% increase. This rise in non-optimal gestational weight gain may have long-term impacts on maternal and infant health.
A new study reveals geographically distinct areas of high death rates in the US related to cigarettes and firearms, including both assault and suicide. The Southeastern US shows significantly higher rates compared to the rest of the country.
A WVU astronomer is searching the Milky Way for debris left behind by supernovas, with $331,170 in NSF funding. He hopes to discover new supernova remnants using radio wavelength data from telescopes and machine-learning software.
An online course designed to curb negative thinking has shown strong results in reducing ruminating and worrying. The program, featuring three lessons over six weeks, significantly improved mental health outcomes for participants.
Scientists use a new imaging technique to visualize collagen fibrils in intact human corneas, showing the main direction of lamellae changes with depth. This study enables characterizations of corneal structure and behavior, paving the way for understanding diseases like keratoconus.
A study of COVID-19 patients in New Mexico reveals that Native Americans are more likely to develop severe disease, require mechanical ventilation, and have laboratory values indicative of more severe disease. The disparity is attributed to factors such as social determinants of health and potential immunological responses to the virus.
Satellite data reveals an increase in nitrogen dioxide levels in remote forest areas of California, attributed to wildfires and soil emissions. The findings suggest a growing concern for air pollution in rural areas, highlighting the need for policy interventions.
Research reveals that extreme weather events exacerbate existing problems of gender inequality and poverty, leading families to marry off children as a coping mechanism. Girls who are educated are less likely to be married off early, highlighting the importance of education in protecting against child marriage.
A tailored exercise program starting three to six weeks after shoulder surgery is the best approach for preventing a secondary shoulder dislocation. Patients who embark on such a program are twice as likely to avoid a recurrent injury than those using exercise alone.
A global analysis of 2.3 million people reveals women are diagnosed and treated late for cardiac issues, with alarming rise in heart attacks among younger women. Non-traditional symptoms like vomiting, jaw pain, and abdominal pain are more common in women.
Researchers have experimentally confirmed the correctness of a decades-old theory regarding non-uniform electron density distribution in aromatic molecules. This discovery has significant implications for designing new nanomaterials and understanding various chemical and biological processes.
Researchers have isolated a new strain of marine bacteria, Poriferisphaera hetertotrophicis, that grows faster in nutrient-rich media and multiplies via a budding mechanism. The bacterium releases a chronic virus, phage-ZRK32, which facilitates nitrogen metabolism and increases growth.
A new study by WCS found that overhunting of fruit-eating mammals and birds can lead to a shift in forest composition, resulting in lower carbon storage. The loss of these species changes the ecosystem, making it more challenging for forests to sequester and store carbon.
Late preterm infants face academic delays, but sensitive parenting and preschool enrollment can mitigate this risk. Early relational health and developmental support prior to school entry are key strategies.
A team of Penn State researchers found that adding healthy herbs and spices to recipes can lower overconsumed nutrients like saturated fat, sugar, and salt without affecting taste. Participants preferred some of the recipes with healthier alternatives, particularly brownies and chicken in cream sauce.
A new imaging technique called quantitative photoacoustic tomography (QPAT) has the potential to provide high-quality images of cancerous tissues. By combining ultrasound and optical tomography, QPAT can help doctors make more accurate diagnoses in shorter time frames.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a sensor technology called computer vision-based optical strain (CVOS) that enhances durability and streamlines fabrication processes. This breakthrough enables the precise recognition of intricate bodily motions through a single sensor.
Tobin Hammer argues that some hosts have evolved a dependence on their microbiome, but the microbes do not provide any benefits in return. This phenomenon, known as evolutionary addiction, could have unique implications for understanding host-microbe interactions.
A team of researchers from Waseda University successfully generated electricity directly from methylcyclohexane using solid oxide fuel cells, with a production ratio of toluene to benzene at 94:6. The process generates electricity without dehydrogenation facilities and uses less energy than conventional methods.
A recent study introduces an innovative approach to calculating the entrainment rate of shallow cumulus clouds, promising enhanced reliability and precision. The findings highlight the prominent role of vertical velocity in influencing the rate of entrainment, offering valuable insights into improving cloud models and predictions.
A study found that male crested macaques are more likely to respond to their own offspring's screams during agonistic conflicts. The researchers observed that males were more likely to intervene if they had sired the infant or if the screaming infant and its mother were of low dominance rank.
A new nanogel-based carrier delivers a synthetic thyroid hormone mimick to liver cells, resulting in weight loss and improved cholesterol levels. The treatment also resolves liver inflammation with minimal side effects, offering potential for other liver-based diseases.
A new study by City University of London researchers found that lower perceptions of gender equality and workplace sexual harassment significantly impact job satisfaction in newsrooms globally. The study highlights the need for structural changes to combat inequalities affecting women in the industry, including policies to address all ...
Researchers found that a healthy diet from an early age can suppress senescence and loss of fitness in yeast, even late in life. The study proposes an alternative to calorie restriction for improving healthy ageing through dietary change.
Researchers are using neuroscience and AI to develop more secure vision systems for autonomous vehicles, which can be deceived by hackers through optical illusions. The goal is to improve the overall safety and success of autonomous vehicles.
A new study finds that cost-cutting policy changes, mobile apps, and psychological strategies can increase medication adherence by nearly 1.5 times among breast cancer survivors. The study also highlights the importance of managing side effects through physical therapy, exercise, and behavioral counseling.
Baylor University researchers found that the benefits of paroxetine in treating hot flashes are comparable to those of a placebo response. The study, which analyzed six clinical trials, suggests that most of the benefit of paroxetine is due to non-specific placebo effects rather than drug-specific effects.
A cross-sectional study across Japan, Ireland, and Finland found that the willingness to use care robots was highest in Japan (77.1%) and lowest in Finland (52.8%). A conceptual model explained the correlation between ethical perceptions and social implementation of care robots across three countries with different geographies, demogra...
The University of Basel is launching a new research centre for child health with support from Fondation Botnar. The centre aims to drive innovative research benefiting children globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. New professorships will focus on digital technologies, ethics, and public health.
Scientists at UCSF have developed an artificial kidney that can mimic key functions of a real kidney. The bioreactor keeps kidney cells alive for up to seven days and has shown promising results in animal trials. If successful, the device could improve treatment for kidney disease, making it more effective, tolerable, and comfortable.
Researchers have developed a novel neural network approach to design brand new proteins with unique arrangements and dynamic functionalities. The method combines attention neural networks with graph neural networks to predict existing protein properties and envision new proteins that nature has not yet devised.
The study reveals that magnesium transport proteins are essential for plant metabolism and chloroplast functioning, impacting growth and yield. The analysis of three newly identified magnesium release and transporter proteins shows their importance in photosynthesis.
A recent study by researchers from Hackensack Meridian Health found that recurrent fevers in children increased significantly during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study suggests that these fevers may be more common than previously thought and could have been overlooked in non-pandemic times.
A DNA-based vaccine has shown promise in a preclinical study by Scancell Ltd and Texas Biomedical Research Institute. The vaccine prompted a robust immune response, including T cell activation and antibody production.
Research found that e-cigarette manufacturers use psychographic targeting to appeal to new users based on lifestyles and attitudes, particularly among low-risk young adults. The study suggests that stricter marketing regulations are needed to reduce exposure to these advertisements and minimize the risk of initiation.
Researchers at the University of Montana are developing vaccines to prevent fentanyl and heroin drug overdoses. The first vaccine will target heroin, followed by a fentanyl vaccine in Phase I clinical trials. The vaccines aim to elicit antibodies against target opioids while sparing critical medications used in opioid addiction treatment.
A new study suggests that extreme dietary habits, such as low-carb intake in men and high-fat intake in women, are associated with higher mortality risks. The findings indicate that individuals should balance their diet to avoid extremes, while ensuring energy from various food sources.
Researchers at George Mason University are developing a new biometric technology that uses sweat analysis to verify identities. The project, led by Emanuela Marasco, aims to characterize a person's extrinsic and intrinsic features for more accurate representation of their identity.
A new study by the University of Oldenburg team confirms that radio waves in the VHF range above 116MHz have no impact on migratory birds' magnetic compass sense. This discovery debunks previous theories suggesting mobile communication networks affect the birds' navigation.
Researchers at Duke University used a quantum computer to measure the geometric phase in light-absorbing molecules, which puts limitations on molecular transformations. This breakthrough allows for direct measurement of a long-standing fundamental question in chemistry, critical to processes like photosynthesis and vision.
A retrospective cohort study found that LGBTQ+ individuals, particularly those identifying as lesbian, gay, and transgender, have higher rates of alcohol use disorder and lower access to treatment. The study suggests that targeted interventions are necessary to address these disparities.
Researchers from Cornell University and University of Wisconsin-Madison developed a new audio technique to estimate the Spotted Owl population across the entire Sierra Nevada ecosystem. The analysis yielded an estimated 2,218 to 2,328 adult owls on federally managed lands, providing critical conservation baseline.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal published new guidance on take-home naloxone distribution and use by community overdose responders in Canada. The guidance prioritizes preserving life and mitigating harms, and is the result of a collaborative process involving diverse stakeholders from across the country.
A Baylor University biochemist has discovered the structure of a novel DNA enzyme linked to infertility and certain cancers. The research provides new insights into the function of the MCM8/9 enzyme complex and its connection to disease, offering a roadmap for future studies.
The Cardiovascular Research Foundation has announced the TCT 2023 late-breaking clinical trials, featuring 12 studies on minimally invasive techniques, pharmaceuticals, technologies, and devices. These trials aim to improve patient outcomes in cardiovascular disease, with a focus on safety and effectiveness.
Female STEM doctoral students are less likely to become new inventors compared to their male counterparts during PhD training. Faculty advisors play a critical role in training new inventors, with top inventor faculty members increasing the probability of filing the first patent by 23%. The research highlights a 'leaky pipeline' of fem...
A recent analysis of published studies reveals a lack of evidence to determine the dosing, safety, and efficacy of medical marijuana or cannabis-containing products for managing symptoms experienced by children with cancer. The study found that cannabinoids performed better in managing nausea and vomiting, but data are lacking on their...
Patients with severe long COVID often struggle with fatigue and exertion intolerance, with recovery rates varying depending on the initial infection's severity. A recent study found that those with ME/CFS experience little to no improvement in symptoms, while some patients in a second group show gradual improvement over time.
A new study published by the University of Rhode Island's Graduate School of Oceanography reveals extensive microplastic storage in Narragansett Bay, with an estimated 1,000 tons stored in the top 5 cm of its floor. The buildup has occurred over the last 10-20 years, primarily due to littering and runoff of single-use plastic items.
The Society for Neuroscience' Trainee Professional Development Award (TPDA) program received the ASAE 2023 Power of Associations Gold Award for its successful initiatives. Over 300 new recipients will receive travel support to attend SfN's annual meeting and participate in a year-long virtual professional development program.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have successfully slowed down a simulated chemical reaction by a factor of 100 billion times using a quantum computer. This achievement allows for direct observation of previously inaccessible processes, enabling breakthroughs in fields like materials science and drug design.
A new study by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute found that residence in neighborhoods with higher opportunity or lower vulnerability is associated with a decreased risk of pediatric asthma. The study used a geographically diverse cohort of over 10,000 children and examined associations between neighborhood attributes and asthma in...
A new study published in International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics found that multiple beams and intervals in delivery during FLASH proton therapy treatment reduced skin-saving effects in preclinical models.
A hybrid system of electronic encoding and diffractive optical decoding transmits optical information with high fidelity through random, unknown diffusers. The system outperforms traditional approaches that only utilize a diffractive optical network or an electronic neural network for optical information transfer.
Scientists create a design that enables simultaneous presentation of photothermal, thermal conductive, and superhydrophobic properties, achieving record-high defrosting efficacy. The innovative assembly enhances de-icing and defrosting efficiency, reducing overall defrosting durations by 2-3 times.