Researchers have observed a dramatic shift in the seasonal usage of Southern Resident killer whales in the Salish Sea, with their fall and winter presence increasing while spring and summer presence declines. This study emphasizes the importance of regularly updating habitat protection measures to reflect changing species usage.
Researchers at University of California San Diego find that impaired mitochondria, not inflammation, drive Gulf War illness symptoms, potentially leading to new treatment strategies. The study's findings have implications for other health conditions marked by increased inflammation.
Researchers have developed a new therapy that disrupts prostate cancer cell metabolism and releases cisplatin, causing cells to die. In mouse models, the treatment shrunk tumors substantially, with no peripheral neuropathy or weight loss.
Researchers found osteochondrosis dissecans in fossil bones of Ice Age predators, with an incidence as high as 7% in shoulder and knee joints. The study suggests dwindling populations may have contributed to the disease's prevalence in these ancient species.
A research group from Nagoya University simulated clear air turbulence using Japan's fastest supercomputer. They found that wind speed disturbances occur due to the collapse of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability waves, creating turbulence in the absence of visible clouds or other atmospheric disturbances.
The researchers developed a device that can capture individual bacterial cells, allowing them to compare and analyze their behavior. The device uses electrical charges to induce movement in the bacteria, revealing new patterns and insights into their behavior.
Researchers developed a model to estimate energy expenditure for thermoregulation on the first voyages from Tahiti to New Zealand. Results showed that larger body sizes helped colonizers survive harsher conditions, with males losing up to 13.3 pounds and females losing 5.9 pounds during a 25-day trip.
Researchers assessed air quality after a freight train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, finding hazardous gases like acrolein reached dangerous levels. The study highlights the importance of complementary stationary and mobile air-quality assessment techniques to ensure public safety during cleanup activities.
A new study published in International Journal of Oral Science reveals that 75% of patients experience nearly complete pain sensation sensory recovery within 12 months after surgery. Younger patients and those with malignant tumors show faster recovery times, highlighting potential for improved quality of life.
Researchers have successfully integrated sensors, skeletal implants, and prosthetic limbs to enable unprecedented control over every finger of a bionic hand. The innovation uses reconfigured residual limbs and redistributed nerves to provide improved prosthetic control and sensory feedback.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that removing invasive vegetation from water access points reduced schistosomiasis rates by nearly a third. The removed vegetation can be used as compost and livestock feed, improving food security.
The Lupus Research Alliance has awarded four talented scientists from underrepresented minority groups to promote diversity in lupus research. Alí Duarte-García, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Ekemini Ogbu, and Jessica Williams will receive Career Development Awards to investigate glucocorticoid treatment, lupus heterogeneity, cerebrovascula...
New research suggests targeting autoimmune inflammation associated with ALS could be a promising approach. The study found that two drugs, including one already approved for multiple sclerosis, reduced the expression of inflammatory proteins in ALS patients' immune cells.
A study found that joint exposure of unequal income distribution and lack of social mobility increases risks of deaths from suicide, drug overdose, and alcohol-related liver disease. Addressing underlying social and economic conditions is crucial in responding to the deaths of despair epidemic.
An international team of scientists found that sea snakes have enhanced their colour vision due to living in brighter marine environments. The species has four intact copies of the opsin gene SWS1, allowing them to see a wider range of colors.
Researchers create a holographic digital model of the human body to analyze physiological and pathological processes in real-time. This groundbreaking project aims to uncover the causes of accurate interventions and rehabilitation measures for improved human health.
A new study reveals that adults with multiple young children in the household report significantly fewer minutes of vigorous physical activity each week compared to those with few or no children. This finding highlights the need for family-based physical activity interventions to promote overall physical activity levels among parents.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that oral medications surpassed injectable therapies as the preferred treatment for multiple sclerosis patients in the US. Oral therapies rose sharply after their introduction in 2010 and became the predominant treatment by 2020.
A study examining unemployment and underemployment figures and suicide rates in Australia found both to be significant drivers of suicide mortality between 2004-2016. Economic policies prioritizing full employment should be a core part of any comprehensive national suicide prevention strategy.
Northumbria University is set to launch the UK's first university-led multi-satellite space mission with a new laser-based satellite communications system. The £5 million award will allow researchers to design, test and build the first CubeSat with laser optical communications technology.
A recent study led by Dr. Itamar Harel reveals that manipulating AMP biosynthesis can extend lifespan and promote metabolic health in vertebrates. The research used the turquoise killifish as a model organism and found remarkable effects on energy metabolism, including a fasting-like profile and enhanced resistance to high-fat diets.
A new study by Rice University bioscientists reveals how plant cells collaborate to fuel growth, shedding light on corresponding mechanisms in human cells. The findings focus on the role of enzyme MIEL1 and its human counterpart PIRH2 in breaking down protein coatings on lipid droplets.
The University of Surrey is involved in six national energy research centres, focusing on sustainable solutions for a greener future. Academics are developing hydrogen and ammonia as alternative fuels and boosting bioenergy production to reduce the UK's energy demand.
Researchers at the University of Münster have developed a reaction cascade to produce fluorinated molecules, reducing costs and waste in complex synthesis strategies. The 'molecular origami' approach generates new class of di- and trifluorinated molecules in a single operation.
Researchers found that antimicrobial resistance emerges from selection for pre-existing resistant clones, not new mutations. Infections with multiple pathogen clones show increased resistance to antibiotics, but also potential for faster loss of resistance when no antibiotics are present.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a novel method to grow pure mycelium sheets that can be layered into different uses, including fire-retardant cladding for buildings. The fungal-based material is biodegradable, non-toxic and produces naturally occurring water and carbon dioxide.
A new study found that cetuximab plus radiotherapy is an active treatment option for locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell skin cancer, with an objective response rate of 83.2%. The treatment was well-tolerated, with most patients experiencing mild acneiform skin rash or fatigue.
A new report suggests that AI-powered robot companions could alleviate the loneliness epidemic and its associated health risks. Companion robots have already shown promise in reducing stress and promoting physical and mental well-being in socially isolated older adults.
In ancient California's San Francisco Bay Area, women played a crucial role in the economy, with mothers prioritizing their female offspring through extended breastfeeding. This practice may have led to female-biased wealth disparities, as older women were buried with greater wealth than men.
A new study led by Queen Mary University of London has found that an overdose of the DYRK1A gene on chromosome 21 causes premature ageing in people with Down's Syndrome. This leads to accelerated cellular ageing, including reduced tissue regenerative capacity and increased DNA damage.
Fossil discoveries in northern Panama Canal area suggest that marine species interchange persisted across shallow waters during the final stages of formation of the isthmus. The findings provide new insights into the connectivity between the Pacific and Caribbean marine faunas during this period.
Scientists have developed a new radar technique that can image hidden features within the upper few feet of ice sheets, including melting glaciers on Earth and potentially habitable environments on Jupiter's moon Europa. The technique boosts resolution by combining two different radar bandwidths and looking for discrepancies.
Researchers developed a flexible electrocorticography film and surgical technique to detect neural activity in the cerebral cortex, evoked by somatosensory and olfactory stimuli. The device enables simultaneous recording of neural activity from multiple brain regions, advancing research on large-scale electrocorticography.
Ancient Polynesian canoe passages from Tahiti to Hawaii and New Zealand were simulated to estimate thermoregulatory energetic demands. The results show that specific body shapes and sizes contributed significantly to the voyagers' ability to withstand extreme temperatures, leading to their relative success in these long-distance journeys.
Researchers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University have developed a method to make thin films of nickelates without extended defects. This breakthrough allows scientists to study the true nature and properties of these superconductors, similar to cuprates. The discovery is a significant step towards developing ...
A Birmingham start-up has secured funding to develop a novel technology that can generate water out of air, addressing the global water shortage. The 'atmospheric water harvester' uses proprietary material to capture and release water from air at a faster rate with less energy required.
Researchers from Spain used high-power ultrasound technology to treat Monastrell grapes, resulting in improved color and sensory profile of the rosé. The study found that sonication enhanced the extraction of volatile compounds, such as terpenes, which improve aroma.
Researchers found microplastics in all studied lakes and reservoirs, with higher concentrations in densely populated areas. Human interaction with lakes is the biggest contributing factor to microplastic contamination.
Mass General Cancer Center researchers have pinpointed the APOBEC3A protein as a primary driver of drug resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. The study reveals that this protein causes mutations and accelerates tumor growth, making it a promising target for new therapies.
A novel coupling mechanism involving leaky mode has been uncovered, enabling zero crosstalk between closely spaced waveguides. This discovery drastically increases the coupling length of transverse-magnetic (TM) mode, expanding the potential for dense photonic integration.
A study by the University of Portsmouth and The Donkey Sanctuary found that working equids with emotional bonds to their owners had significantly better health and welfare outcomes. Animals whose owners believed they felt emotions or pain were less likely to be lame, highlighting the importance of owner attitudes on animal health.
A study published in Lancet Planetary Health reveals alarmingly high PFAS levels in the blood of residents in Ittoqqortoormiit, Greenland, with 92% exceeding recommended safety thresholds. The substances are widespread and bio-magnified through the food chain, posing a significant threat to public health globally.
Approximately 70,000 tonnes of pesticides leach into aquifers each year, impacting ecosystems and freshwater resources. The study showed that about 80 percent of applied pesticides degrade into daughter molecules, persisting in the environment for a long time and posing significant harm to marine wildlife and coral reefs.
Amplified Sciences has received a $400,000 NCI grant to develop and validate an assay testing for the detection of pancreatic cancer in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cystic lesions. The company aims to improve the accuracy of diagnoses, reducing unnecessary surgical interventions.
A team of scientists at Harvard Medical School has identified six chemical cocktails that can restore cellular aging and rejuvenate human cells. The study builds upon the discovery of Yamanaka factors, which can convert adult cells into induced pluripotent stem cells, raising hopes for treating age-related diseases and injuries. The im...
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that the immune system plays a crucial role in changing behavior in response to allergens and toxins. By manipulating immune system variables, scientists were able to alter the behavior of sensitized mice, demonstrating the importance of immune recognition in controlling defensive behaviors.
A recent study published in Neurology found that social isolation is associated with lower brain volume, particularly in areas affected by dementia. The researchers suggest that interventions to improve social connection may help prevent brain atrophy and dementia.
A novel fully bioabsorbable occluder demonstrated non-inferiority for successful VSD closure and safety in a multicenter randomized clinical trial. The hybrid structure of the occluder showed rapid degradation, enabling complete endothelialization and reducing complications.
Researchers developed a porcine DMD model with a mutation mimicking human disease, accelerating its progression. Systemic deletion of exon 51 rescues clinically severe DMD in a pig model lacking exon 52, optimizing exon skipping strategies as a relevant goal.
A new study reveals evidence of diverse organic material on Mars, with signals consistent with molecules linked to aqueous processes. The findings suggest the existence of several distinct reservoirs of potential organic compounds, which may have persisted on Mars for a far more extended period than previously thought.
Researchers propose a novel architecture, multi-agent decision transformers (MADT), to solve complex decision-making tasks in multi-agent reinforcement learning. By leveraging sequence modelling and attention mechanisms, MADT achieves fast adaptation and superior performance via learning one big sequence model.
A team of researchers from the University of Cologne has successfully decoded a previously unknown ancient script, known as the Kushan script. The breakthrough was made possible by analyzing inscriptions found in caves, bowls, and clay pots in Central Asia, which provided key clues to deciphering the writing system.
A recent study by the Eustermann group at EMBL Heidelberg reveals that DNA packaging into hexasomes impacts the function of enzymes involved in gene regulation. The researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize the molecular processes of how this packaging regulates genome expression and maintenance.
Research found that warmer ocean temperatures and marine heatwaves lead to increased overlap between Chinook salmon and Pacific hake, raising the risk of salmon bycatch. The study used 20 years of data and modeled behavioral changes to show how salmon move lower into the water column during higher temperatures.
Researchers found that both higher cognitive abilities and exploratory behavior are linked to longer life expectancy in wild gray mouse lemurs. Animals with better cognitive performance and physical condition tended to have longer lifespans.
During the pandemic, acute care use for mental health conditions among youth increased notably, particularly among adolescent females. Prolonged boarding in emergency departments and waiting for inpatient psychiatric care are concerning trends that require interventions to address.
Sinomenine alleviates rheumatoid arthritis symptoms through regulating immunocytes, inflammatory cytokines, and inflammation-related signaling pathways. It achieves this primarily by modulating the gut microbiota composition to prevent chronic inflammation.
Researchers found that the annulated sea snake possesses four intact copies of the opsin gene SWS1, two with ancestral ultraviolet sensitivity and two with evolved sensitivity to longer wavelengths. This suggests that sea snakes have regained color discrimination to distinguish predators, prey, and mates in their marine habitats.
Researchers at Leipzig University have developed a new method to visualize the activity of CRISPR-Cas protein complexes, allowing for precise observation of gene recognition. The study reveals that base pairing with RNA is not energetically advantageous, but becomes stable only after the entire sequence is recognized.
A joint research team has developed a novel approach combining machine learning with quantum-classical computational molecular design to accelerate the discovery of efficient OLED emitters. The optimal OLED emitter discovered is a deuterated derivative of Alq₃, which is both extremely efficient at emitting light and synthesizable.