The Hastings Center's Institutional Review Board (IRB) has implemented an evidence-based intervention to address racism and promote equity in biomedical research. The IRB now requires researchers to define racial and ethnic classifications, state whether they are describing or explaining differences between groups, and provide justific...
A new study reveals Indigenous men in Canada are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer and experience cancer spread, despite universal healthcare access. Researchers identify key infrastructure changes needed to improve screening and treatment outcomes.
Researchers created a real-time air monitor that can detect SARS-CoV-2 variants in about 5 minutes, with potential applications for hospitals, schools, and public places. The device uses an ultrasensitive biosensing technique and aerosol sampling technology to quickly identify airborne virus concentrations.
New research shows that electric fields drive neural activity and coordinate memory across two key brain regions. The findings could lead to improved brain-controlled prosthetics for people with paralysis.
Researchers found that most US forests have the potential to adapt to hotter, dryer conditions, but are not changing quickly enough. The study suggests that biodiversity can buffer the impact of climate change on forests.
A new study found that larger group size and polygynous mating systems are linked to deeper male voices in primates. This sex difference is thought to influence mating success through attracting mates or intimidating competitors.
Researchers from Rice University and Princeton University have developed a new technology that allows for the live monitoring of signaling protein networks in living cells. The 'live reporter' system uses unobtrusive proteins to tag specific proteins, which can activate fluorescent markers when they become phosphorylated.
Human metacognitive behavior is distinct from AI's reward-punishment system, with humans adjusting memory retention in response to gain and learning speed in response to loss. This asymmetric property may provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying human metacognition.
Researchers have successfully created photonic time crystals with fast oscillations in refractive index, faster than current theories can explain. This breakthrough has profound implications for the science of light and could enable truly disruptive applications.
A recent editorial statement emphasizes the need for love, support, and acceptance over misinformation for LGBTQ youth. The Journal Editor-in-Chief highlights the organized and well-funded efforts to distort science and dehumanize transgender individuals, limiting their access to healthcare.
A recent study found that lifestyle interventions have limited impact on postpartum blood pressures, with most studies showing improvements in other outcomes like weight loss. Black women are underrepresented in these studies, despite being disproportionately affected by high blood pressure during and after pregnancy.
A study by Forsyth Institute researchers reveals a link between periodontal disease and amyloid plaque formation in the brain. Oral bacteria can travel to the brain, causing neuroinflammation and promoting cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients.
A new study found that COVID-19 pandemic babies had communication skill gaps at age 2, with a larger proportion scoring below standardised cut-offs for developmental concern. Despite this, most developmental and behavioral outcomes were comparable to pre-pandemic born babies.
A new database linking RNA editing to blood cell differentiation has been established, providing a platform to accelerate research on leukemia and other pathologies. The REDH database includes detailed information on RNA editing sites in healthy and malignant hematopoietic cells.
Researchers used targeted cold autologous blood transfusion to reduce infarct volume and preserve white matter integrity in a non-human primate stroke model. The method effectively reduced brain temperature while maintaining core body temperature, without adverse effects of systemic hypothermia.
Anastasopoulos aims to explore building language technologies using pre-existing linguistic knowledge to support underserved communities with limited data availability. The project will focus on bridging the language technology gap for languages with limited support.
Research reveals that 176 bird species globally incorporate man-made materials into their nests, providing potential benefits such as structural support and insulation. However, these materials can also harm birds through entanglement, ingestion, or attracting predators.
A new study found that warmer springs are causing British bees to emerge from hibernation 6.5 days earlier due to climate change, potentially disrupting the timing of plant flowering. This could lead to reduced pollination and increased costs for farmers using managed honeybees.
Researchers used machine learning algorithms to predict nest material use based on beak shape and size, correctly identifying broad materials in 60% of species. The study explores ecological and evolutionary context behind these relationships, with potential applications in understanding animal manipulation and evolution.
Researchers found large quantities of plastic mulch fragments in strawberry fields, negatively impacting soil qualities and microbial respiration. The study's findings suggest that biodegradable or natural mulches could be alternatives to reduce long-term plastic pollution.
Researchers at Buck Institute for Research on Aging developed a bioavailable compound that selectively inhibits free radical production in mitochondria, preventing and treating metabolic syndrome in mice. The compound, S1QEL1.719, decreases fat accumulation, improves glucose tolerance, and normalizes fasting insulin levels.
A team of researchers has discovered a plant molecule that acts in the brain and improves blood sugar regulation. The dahlia extract was shown to considerably improve blood sugar regulation in preclinical trials and clinical studies, offering new hope for people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at NUS create a novel spinning process to produce strong, stretchable, and electrically conductive soft fibres at room temperature and pressure. The method combines biomimicry with gel solution formulation to overcome conventional challenges.
Research found that financial payments by developers to compensate for environmental consequences are insufficient to achieve intended outcomes. Only 0.7 of 13.4 hectares of impacts on koala habitat have been offset through financial payments since 2018, raising concerns about the future of this endangered species.
A new study suggests that reduced brain gray matter volume may mediate the association between glycemia and depression. Researchers observed a significant correlation between elevated glycosylated hemoglobin levels, reduced GMV, and depression in a large cohort of participants.
A new study finds that young people hospitalized due to burns are less likely to finish high school than their peers, with girls at higher risk of not achieving national minimum standards in reading. The research highlights the need for monitoring academic progression and learning support after a burn injury.
A research group led by Kyoto University collected data on gamma-ray glows from thunderstorms, which may help explain the origins of lightning. The team proposes that high-energy particles from space could trigger lightning discharges.
Li Yuan's team from Northwest A&F University has made progress in developing a watermelon haploid induction system. They successfully induced haploid plants in multiple watermelon genotypes using the ClDMP3 mutation, with rates reaching up to 1.12%. This breakthrough holds immense potential for advancing watermelon breeding.
Researchers found that micro- and meso-plastics accumulate heavy metals, with copper and chromium being prominent contaminants. The study reveals how surface features like holes, biofilms, and mineral crystals facilitate the collection of pollutants on plastic particles.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital created a more accurate hepatoblastoma model to improve therapies, focusing on DNA damage repair pathways. The model identified potential targets and validated the effectiveness of PRKDC inhibition when combined with doxorubicin, enhancing treatment efficacy.
A multi-model ensemble prediction system has been developed to address uncertainties in ENSO forecasting. The system's superiority is demonstrated through a long-term ensemble hindcast and real-time predictions that have successfully captured successive triple La Niúna events.
Research suggests that forests played a crucial role on the island before people changed the landscape to grow crops and graze domesticated animals. The study found that hippo isotopes indicate they did not regularly graze in open habitats, but instead fed on sedges and leaves.
Researchers created a high-resolution map of the human placenta to understand how viruses interact with it during pregnancy. The study found that the placenta has immune microenvironments that can control viral growth, and in rare cases, the virus can cause significant tissue damage.
A systematic review of research on board games found that they significantly improve math skills in children aged three to nine years. The studies showed that playing number-based board games regularly enhances counting, addition, and recognizing numbers.
Researchers found that investors evaluate a company's environmental performance based on financial materiality, providing a better perspective for understanding environmental risks. The study analyzed data from 1,766 companies and identified three key findings: varying evaluation criteria, shareholder risk perception, and the importanc...
Researchers found that cultivating reed grass on undrained peat soil or wet meadows can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional potato crop rotation. This approach also offers potential economic benefits and can help restore the original ecosystem with high biodiversity.
The latest issues of American Psychiatric Association journals feature articles on social determinants of health, youth mental health screening, and AI in psychotherapy. Journalists can access publications by emailing press@psych.org.
Smoke-free legislation associated with significant reductions in morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular disease and respiratory system disease. Accelerating the implementation of smoke-free laws is crucial for protecting populations against smoking-related harm.
Researchers at FAU are promoting a cradle-to-cradle approach for organic electronics, considering recycling and biodegradability from laboratory phase to product end-of-life. This strategy aims to reduce the environmental footprint of organic electronics by 30% less CO2 during manufacturing.
Researchers are studying ways to update pulse oximeter technology to address limitations including overestimation in patients with darker skin tones and motion artifact. The goal is to improve the accuracy of oxygen saturation readings, particularly for diverse groups and in multiple settings.
Leafcutter ants use a sophisticated system to grow fungi for food, feeding millions of creatures. A study found that ants use both body length and head angle to cut leaves, not just body length alone.
Researchers at Nagoya University have discovered three new biomarkers for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma using membrane proteins and polyketone-coated nanowires. The study reveals that small extracellular vesicles containing these proteins can be used to detect ovarian cancer, potentially leading to personalized medicine.
A new study from University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher Nan Li shows that integrating art with data visualizations can make climate data more meaningful to viewers and reduce political divides. Participants who saw the painting reported stronger positive emotions, while those shown only graphs did not.
Researchers from Japan and Germany have created an eco-friendly light-emitting electrochemical cell using dendrimers combined with biomass-derived cellulose acetate as the electrolyte and a graphene electrode. The device has a long lifespan of over 1000 hours and is environmentally friendly.
Children with mitochondrial disorders have a weaker and less diverse antibody response to viral infections due to altered B cell function. The study provides insights into how immune cells differ in these patients and how this affects their response to infections.
A new study reveals that soil moisture stress has a more significant impact on vegetation growth in Eurasian drylands than atmospheric vapor pressure deficit. The research provides crucial insights for effective ecosystem management and drought mitigation in the region.
Researchers found that humidity plays a crucial role in extreme heat events in China, particularly in eastern regions. The study highlights the need to understand and limit humidity to mitigate regional changes in heat stress.
Patients undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty are at a higher risk of complications such as pulmonary embolism, stroke, and blood loss anemia compared to those undergoing unilateral TKA. The study found that the risks of these complications were approximately doubled in the bilateral TKA group.
Researchers discovered that extracellular cytochrome nanowires are widespread in prokaryotic microbes, including both bacteria and archaea. The findings suggest that these nanowires, composed of a long chain of cytochrome proteins, play a crucial role in microbial metabolism by facilitating efficient electron transfer.
Researchers discovered that coniferous forests spread across the planet during the Cretaceous period, allowing for high resin production and creating conditions suitable for mass formation of amber deposits. The study sheds new light on Earth's history, revealing insights into ancient ecosystems dominated by flowering plants.
Researchers found that all forms of resistance training are beneficial for building strength and muscle, with details mattering less than previously thought. The study analyzed data from over 5,000 participants and found that complex prescriptions are sufficient but unnecessary for gains in strength and muscle size.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology identified the WOX13 gene as a key negative regulator of shoot regeneration in plants. The study found that WOX13 inhibits a subset of shoot meristem regulators while directly activating cell wall modifier genes involved in cell expansion and differentiation.
Air traffic cannot become climate-neutral solely by replacing fossil fuels with synthetic ones; reductions in air traffic are necessary. Non-CO2 effects, like particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, play a major role in aviation's overall climate impact.
Researchers discovered diverse hydrothermal activities with higher frequency than expected, leading to large-scale sulfide mineral deposits. A new sulfide metallogenic model, eHeat-dFault, suggests local enhanced heat supply and deep faults control hydrothermal circulation and mineralization.
A study found that 79 patients experienced high financial toxicity, with 89% reporting hardship, and highlighted patient characteristics and coping strategies. Patients made personal sacrifices to remain compliant with treatments, including reducing spending and borrowing money.
Researchers identified hexagonal ZrB2O2-Cr as an excellent platform for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction, showing ultra-low limiting potential and high selectivity. The origin of high activity is attributed to the synergistic effect of single atom and metal atoms in the substrate.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered and visualized a crystalline yet superconducting state in Uranium Ditelluride (UTe2), a previously unknown state of topological quantum matter. This 'spin-triplet electron-pair crystal' exhibits a new form of electronic quantum matter called Cooper-pair density waves.
Researchers discovered that BraRGL1 interacts with BraSOC1 to regulate bolting and flowering in Brassica rapa. Overexpression of BraRGL1 promotes stalk development, while loss-of-function mutants display advanced flower bud differentiation.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a new method that uses machine learning to visualize nanotextures in thin-film materials. This technique overcomes the challenge of preserving the sample, allowing for dynamic study of thin films and discovery of new morphologies.
Researchers at UC Berkeley discovered that deep-sleep brain waves can regulate the body's sensitivity to insulin, improving blood sugar control. The study found that synchronized brain waves during deep sleep predict next-day glucose control, even after controlling for other factors.