Researchers developed a polygenic scoring system to predict ALS disease risk, improving case status prediction in Michigan and Spain. The system takes into account common genetic variants and explains 4.1% of ALS cases caused by genetic factors.
A new wearable device can track adrenal steroid levels in real-time, providing insights into hormonal rhythms and revolutionizing endocrine disease diagnosis. The U-RHYTHM technology offers a more accurate picture of hormone balance than traditional tests taken at one point, enabling earlier treatment interventions.
A recent survey of caregivers found that most support education efforts and technology use to reduce heatstroke risk, but negative attitudes towards those who put children at risk may hinder mitigation efforts. The study aims to inform the development of pediatric vehicular heatstroke prevention strategies.
Researchers at NIST have demonstrated a capability to transmit extremely precise time signals through the air between far-flung locations, paving the way for ultra-precise timing links with geosynchronous satellites. The method enables time synchronization with femtosecond precision and robustness in atmospheric disturbances.
Researchers create stacked tungsten disulfide – zinc oxide thin film heterostructure to amplify trion formation, increasing the probability of radiative recombination. This leads to enhanced information storage and potential applications in quantum devices.
Researchers found that people with ALS who consume more omega-3 fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid have a slower physical decline, a slightly extended survival, and lower risk of death. Omega-6 fatty acids like linoleic acid also showed promise in reducing mortality risk.
The IADR LION Dental Research Award recognizes innovative research in basic dental science and applied research achievements that improve public dental health. The 2023 recipients were announced during the 101st General Session of IADR in Bogot , Colombia
A team from Osaka University has uncovered the importance of Polydom and Tie1 in cell migration during lymphatic vessel remodeling. The study found that binding between these proteins facilitates lymphatic endothelial cell migration, highlighting a crucial role in lymphangiogenesis.
This study predicts land use changes in the Tibetan Plateau during three periods, highlighting a decrease in grassland area and an increase in urban, forest, and bare land. By the end of the 21st century, grassland will decline by 6.1-21.7%, while woodland areas are expected to significantly increase.
Researchers at the University of Queensland have uncovered the atomic structure of the Langya virus, a highly infectious virus with pandemic potential. The study aims to develop broad-spectrum human vaccines and treatments for Henipaviruses, which cause severe disease and have the potential to get out of control.
A research team from Taiwan has found a way to massively speed up aerial image simulations using wavelength scaling and fast Fourier transformation. The new algorithm improves computation speed by 4000-5000 times while maintaining only a slight intensity deviation.
The study developed multi-valent mRNA vaccines targeting monkeypox enveloped or mature viron surface antigens, inducing dynamic immune responses with robust IgG and neutralizing activities. The vaccines protected a mouse model from lethal VACV challenge.
Richard Niederman has dedicated his career to generating evidence for oral disease prevention and promotion. He pioneered large-scale school- and community-based oral health programs focusing on fluoride applications.
A review highlights the importance of supporting breastfeeding in India, where one-quarter of the world's children are born. The authors express concern that excessive concern about infant allergies may be undermining mother-infant bonding, breastfeeding, and child nutrition.
Researchers found minimal change in surface melt rates over the past four decades, despite rising global air temperatures. However, Antarctic ice shelf surface melt rates are expected to increase substantially in the coming decades due to climate change.
A study found that prazosin reduced headache frequency and severity in veterans with posttraumatic headaches. Participants who received prazosin had significantly fewer headaches than those on placebo, with an average of six days of headaches per month compared to 12 days.
A new study at Yale University reveals that PD-1 plays a critical role in preventing T cells from attacking healthy tissues. The findings could lead to the development of improved immunotherapies with reduced side effects.
Researchers detected elevated PFAS levels in dogs and horses from Gray's Creek, NC, with horses showing lower concentrations. The study highlights the importance of horses as sentinel species for monitoring PFAS exposure.
Researchers from University of Toronto Engineering, Dalhousie University, Iowa State University, and Peking University have successfully controlled the motion of dislocation in a single-crystalline zinc sulfide using an external electric field. This discovery has significant implications for improving the properties and manufacturing p...
A study found that girls in English secondary schools are 42% less likely to aspire to be computer scientists compared to boys. The researchers propose revamping the curriculum to include creative aspects like digital art to increase interest and engagement in computer science. This could help achieve greater gender parity in computing.
A new study shows that newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) has significantly increased the survival rate of children after bone marrow transplantation from 73% to 87%. Children diagnosed at birth have a 92.5% survival rate without infection, while those diagnosed later have lower rates.
Researchers at Imperial College London have found that tumors with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in high-grade ovarian cancer respond better to treatment. Genes like IL15 and CXCL10 play a role in TLS formation, while DCAF15 interacts with these tissues. An AI algorithm can detect TLS on CT scans, enabling early identification of ...
An international team of scientists has discovered an echo emitted by the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, which emerged from a long period of dormancy 200 years ago. The black hole, four million times more massive than the Sun, gobbled up cosmic objects before re-entering quiescence.
Researchers at HSE MIEM developed a theoretical model predicting optimal parameters for polymer coacervation, which will enhance the efficiency of polymer synthesis. The model considers factors such as polymer chain length and attraction strength, allowing chemists to synthesize tailored polymers.
Researchers found that treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) is associated with a decreased incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO), a common complication of abnormal bone formation. The study showed a significant reduction in HO risk, with an odds ratio of 0.49 and a 50% lower risk compared to patients not receiving TXA.
A new genomic analysis reveals a north-south divide in P. falciparum drug resistance markers and genetic structure in Mozambique. The findings suggest that artemisinin remains effective for treating malaria, while piperaquine can be used in combination therapies. However, the high frequency of quintuple mutants requires close monitorin...
A new study reveals that banks continue to offer Black customers subpar loan products and services, even when they have stronger financial profiles than White customers. However, the study also identifies specific strategies minority small business owners can use to signal sophistication and secure better loans.
The article explores how Quris-AI's bio-AI platforms can solve clinical prediction challenges, predicting safe and efficacious drug candidates. Bio-AI advances will cut the time and cost of developing safe drugs, breaking down barriers for personalized medicine and rare disease cures.
Scientists have discovered that sinking seamounts leave behind a trail of soft sediments, which help release tectonic pressure in slow slip earthquakes. This finding can be used to adjust earthquake models and improve understanding of the mechanisms driving earthquakes.
Researchers demonstrated a 300-fold increase in electron-phonon coupling strength by reducing dimensionality, paving the way for novel engineering opportunities. The enhancement was attributed to non-local nature of coupling in synthetic SRO/STO superlattices.
Researchers found that phone communication significantly impacts social influence, with a cascading effect reaching up to four degrees of separation. The study used mobile phone data to demonstrate how phone communications affect people's decisions to attend cultural events.
The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) recognized six recipients of the 2023 IADR Colgate Research Travel Awards, which encourage research in preventing oral diseases. The award recipients received travel stipends and commemorative plaques to present their work at the annual conference.
Inadequate household water can cause a range of adverse effects on children's health, including the spread of disease, interruptions to growth and development, and school absenteeism. This highlights the need for inclusive policies addressing water poverty and its impact on child well-being.
A new study by UNM researchers found that patients who reported feeling 'high' experienced 7.7% greater symptom relief, but also a more than 20% increase in negative side effects. The study suggests that feeling 'high' may be an unavoidable component of using cannabis medicinally.
A preclinical study has uncovered the role of Y chromosome gene KDM5D in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and promoting metastasis in male patients with KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer. The study reveals that mutant KRAS drives upregulation of KDM5D, leading to reduced cell adhesion and immune recognition by the immune system.
Researchers found that PD-1 helps prevent T cells from attacking healthy skin and may help reduce side effects of immunotherapies. The study used mouse models and skin biopsies to support the hypothesis that PD-1 functions as a gatekeeper for tissue homeostasis
Chenmin Yao, a young researcher from Wuhan University, China, received the 2023 IADR Toshio Nakao Fellowship to support her training and experience in dental materials science. She has published nine papers in peer-reviewed international journals with high impact factors.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a novel approach to synthetic biology that enables the simultaneous characterization of hundreds of transcription factors in a plant. This breakthrough has significant implications for agriculture and sustainability, as understanding how transcription factors regulate ...
The Carbon SMART project trains farmers to monitor carbon levels in soil and practice climate-smart conservation practices, increasing soil health. The team will primarily work with farmers from underserved communities, monitoring the success of various conservation methods.
Rice University engineers developed a low-cost, point-of-care DNA test for HPV infections that can be used to screen for cervical cancer. The test, which requires just two pieces of equipment and delivers results in 45 minutes, has the potential to make cervical cancer screening more accessible in low- and middle-income countries.
A novel imaging agent has been developed to non-invasively detect pulmonary fibrosis in its early stages. The agent targets extracellular matrix fibers and has shown significant uptake in lungs with pulmonary fibrosis, matching histological results. This breakthrough could lead to earlier detection and better monitoring of the disease.
A new University of Missouri study examines the impact of farming practices on crop resilience to climate change, focusing on water and carbon fluxes in three contrasting ecosystems. The research found that native prairie ecosystems are most resilient to extreme weather, while tilled cropping systems are more sensitive.
A recent study found that seven per cent of Aspergillus fumigatus samples from the Three Parallel Rivers region in Yunnan, China were drug resistant, capable of propagating quickly and taking over local populations.
A new study published in the International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism found that ketone supplements impaired performance in well-trained endurance cyclists. The researchers recruited experienced athletes who cycled for five or more hours per week, simulating race conditions before conducting a 20-minute time trial.
Researchers optimize micronozzle design through numerical simulation and design optimization to improve thrust force and specific impulse. The study finds that wall heat transfer, convergence duct design, throat shape, and expander structural parameters significantly affect nozzle performance.
Scientists have studied the internal parts of spider silk using an optical microscope without cutting it open. The analysis revealed that the fiber consists of at least two outer layers of lipids and numerous fibrils running in a straight, tightly packed arrangement. Understanding how to create such strong fibers is crucial for produci...
Researchers developed outcome indicators to measure health issues in children with cancer, allowing for improvement in care and treatment. The indicators consider physical, psychosocial, and neurocognitive outcomes, providing a clear and comparable measurement of quality of survival.
A study analyzed 50,000 scientific publications on climate change and found that media coverage often focuses on large-scale projections and threats, rather than solutions. This selective approach can lead to public disengagement and denial, emphasizing the need for a more transdisciplinary and solution-focused approach in media coverage.
Researchers developed an electrically-pumped compact topological bulk laser for single-mode emission and cylindrical vector beams. The device utilizes band-inverted topological band edges that support high quality factors, enabling miniaturization and single-mode laser emission.
The study analyzed data from 15 hospitals nationwide and found that nearly half of patients with symptomatic severe AS received transcatheter aortic valve replacement, while about 36% did not receive any treatment. The program aims to address healthcare disparities in AS care by identifying best practices for treating the disease.
Researchers found that providing stunted children with nutrient supplements can reverse impaired development and improve their growth. The study's findings suggest that milk-based supplements are beneficial, but a plant-based alternative is equally effective.
A study found that exposure to air pollution increased the risk of contracting Covid-19, being hospitalized, and dying from the disease. Long-term exposure to pollutants even at levels below EU limits was associated with a higher burden on healthcare systems.
A new patient-guided intervention using telemedicine has been shown to improve symptoms of fatigue, pain, and depression in dialysis patients. The Technology Assisted Stepped Collaborative Care (TĀCcare) trial found significant improvements in energy levels and pain severity that persisted for six months after treatment.
Researchers created a robot inspired by pangolins' ability to curl up into a ball, with a soft layer and hard metal components. The robot can emit heat when needed and transport particles like medicines, making it promising for minimally invasive medical procedures.
A nationwide study found that social and organizational factors play a critical role in shaping sustainable behaviors among employees. Employees are more likely to act sustainably at work if they feel supported by their company and coworkers. The study also uncovered a link between eco-friendly behaviors and higher job satisfaction, su...
The European Eastern Alps have seen a doubling of lightning strikes over the past four decades, with the highest changes occurring in high-altitude areas. Climate change is driving this trend, as rising temperatures fuel more thunderstorms and lightning.
A new study found significant gaps and variations in UK schools' curricula for sexual and reproductive health, with important topics like endometriosis and miscarriage missing. The research suggests better education is crucial for young people to understand their reproductive systems and make informed decisions about their lives.
Researchers found high amounts of tryptophan in a nearby star-forming region using data from the Spitzer space observatory. The presence of this protein-building agent in the gas and dust from which stars form suggests it may be common in planetary systems.
A new study from researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine reveals that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe and accurate tool to evaluate complex patients. Cardiac MRI reduced the need for invasive angiography over the long-term follow-up period, making it a highly reliable first-line testing option.
A meta-analysis of 60,000 participants found that corrections are more successful when issues are emotionally positive, match ideology, and provide abundant details. However, polarized misinformation proves harder to correct, with corrections failing twice as often.