A recent study found that a person's epistemic thinking style can be shaped by their social, political and economic environment during the first 25 years of life. The research suggests that those who experienced a transition to democracy in middle age tend to exhibit absolutist thinking, while younger generations with higher education ...
A recent study published in Science found that tidal shocks can occur when a star collides with itself as it orbits a black hole. This discovery contradicts the current understanding of stellar matter evolution during Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs), which typically produce X-ray bright accretion disks.
Saturn's rings are estimated to be 400 million years old, much younger than the planet itself, according to a new study. The researchers used dust analysis to determine the age of the rings, which are composed of ice and rocky material.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control highlights the rapid spread of avian influenza viruses worldwide, affecting wild bird populations and mammals. The authors warn that human infections with A(H5N1) can be severe and increase the risk of reassortment with mammalian viruses.
A new Dartmouth study reveals high rates of childbirth fear in US pregnant people, associated with factors such as racism, low income, and pre-existing conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these fears, leading to increased stress and anxiety during labor.
Research found that children of obese or diabetic mothers developed epigenetic alterations that predisposed them to diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular problems. Longitudinal follow-up revealed persistent effects on health status and metabolic condition beyond childhood.
A novel frameshift mutation in the SCNN1B gene has been identified as a causative factor for Liddle syndrome, a rare and serious form of hypertension. The study found that this mutation leads to an increase in sodium influx through the epithelial sodium channels, resulting in high blood pressure and low potassium levels.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered that superconductive images are actually 3D and disorder-driven fractals. The team used fractal mathematics to characterize the shapes of electrons in a cuprate high-temperature superconductor, revealing patterns that challenge current understanding of quantum materials.
Researchers discover that senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) can induce neuroendocrine transdifferentiation (NED) in breast cancer epithelial cells, promoting tumor progression and aging-related features. SASP's dual role in cancer involves both antitumoral and tumorigenic effects.
Physicians at the University of Kentucky call for standard-of-care opioid treatment for incarcerated patients to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, reduce cravings, and lower mortality risk. The article highlights the need for physician advocacy to address the moral distress experienced by doctors when patients are denied these treatments.
TVT 2023 will feature 15 Late-Breaking Clinical Science studies highlighting advances in transcatheter aortic valve replacement and mitral, tricuspid, and left atrial appendage occlusion therapies. The meeting aims to guide the selection of patients who will benefit from these procedures and define optimal treatment strategies.
Researchers found that Fe-doped carbon nanofibers and Pt-doped carbon cloth cathodes yielded stable performances, with peak power densities of 25.5 mW m−2 and 30.4 mW m−2, respectively. Graphite felt cathodes demonstrated the best electrochemical performance but exhibited lower reproducibility and higher mass transport losses.
A study of 14,400 febrile infants found that SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces the prevalence of urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and bacterial meningitis, particularly among infants aged 29 to 60 days. These findings suggest alternative management strategies for certain febrile infants testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.
A novel approach called theta-burst stimulation (TBS) offers a more convenient and efficient treatment option, reducing time burdens on patients and clinicians. The study concludes that accelerated delivery of TMS is safe and effective in treating MDD.
Researchers created a 3D model of Helicobacter pylori to better understand its movement and develop new treatments for ulcers and other diseases. The study identified critical thresholds that the bacteria must overcome to move through viscous fluids.
A recent study has identified a brain marker that indicates an individual's likelihood of attempting suicide in the future. Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that changes in brain connectivity between cognitive control and self-referential thought processing networks were present in individuals with a history of...
A team of researchers discovered a new mutation, E674Q, in the APP gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study found that this mutation leads to increased production of toxic amyloid beta protein, contributing to AD progression.
A recent study led by Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and University of Leipzig reveals the molecular level details of PET degradation by polyester hydrolases. The research shows that only two PET subunits are needed for the enzyme to cut the polymer, and it can 'walk' along the chain to move from one cut to the other.
A recent meta-analysis shows that amino acid PET can accurately differentiate between recurrent brain metastases and treatment-related changes. This technology has the potential to reduce unnecessary invasive procedures and overtreatment in patients with cancer.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute found that specific start sites (TSSs) are linked to distinct end sites (TESs), shaping the RNA landscape unique to each tissue. Dominant promoters, which overrule conventional signals, drive this process and are conserved across species.
Researchers tracked antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolated from swine between 2013 and 2019, finding an increasing trend of resistance to ceftriaxone. The study highlights the need for surveillance systems to monitor microbes and develop mitigation strategies to address this growing concern.
Researchers from the Institute of Physical Chemistry found that microplastics decrease bacteriophages' infectivity due to leachates and polymer size. The study highlights the impact of microplastics on aquatic ecosystems, affecting both animals and humans.
Researchers discovered that certain bacterial species, including lactic acid bacteria, correlate with high levels of Candida yeasts in the gut microbiome. This suggests a complex interaction between these microorganisms, where lactic acid bacteria may favor Candida proliferation while making the fungus less virulent.
Researchers developed an AI-powered tool to identify and measure coral reef halos globally, providing a new method for monitoring ecosystem health. The tool enables efficient tracking of reef ecosystems' function at large scales, improving understanding and management of coral reefs.
Scientists developed a custom microscopy insert for a cryostat to operate the terahertz microscope at extreme environments. This enabled examination of superconductors and topological semimetals, crucial for quantum computing technology development.
The IoT-based fire information system utilizes a 3D Geographic Information Science (GIS) platform to visualize fires and facilitate rescue planning. The system incorporates an FMDM (fire monitoring and decision-making) system with features like equipment status, alarm classification, and evacuation path optimization.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Nutrition found that children who met more UK Government dietary guidelines during childhood had better cardiometabolic health when they became young adults. The study, which analyzed data from the Children of the 90s cohort, found that almost a third of children only met one out of ni...
A recent review suggests that neurotrophins play a significant role in the development of the cerebellum and its connection to higher-order cognitive functions. The study reveals potential links between cerebellar dysfunction and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia.
Scientists create a subcellular omics toolkit to study organelle diversity and communication in stem cells. The tool enables the identification of similar cell types, leading to more precise therapies for various diseases.
Researchers at MUSC identified changes in pyramidal neurons contributing to drug seeking. Inhibiting enzyme protein kinase A restored normal function and reduced opioid-seeking behavior.
A new artificial intelligence algorithm, SSAFS, uses handcrafted image features for accurate plant disease detection and severity estimation. The algorithm outperforms existing state-of-the-art algorithms in identifying valuable disease-related features.
A new technique called speckle structured illumination endoscopy (SSIE) achieves super resolution in images acquired during endoscopy with a wide field of view and large depth of field. SSIE outperforms existing high-resolution endoscopic systems, which typically have limited field of view and depth of field.
Recent research reveals significant increases in tropical cyclone frequency in the North Atlantic and North Indian Ocean, while decreases are observed in the western Pacific. The study also shows varying trends in intensity across different ocean basins.
Research reveals that certain bacteria can replace essential lanthanides with actinides to sustain their metabolism. The findings suggest a possible role for these bacteria in decontaminating areas contaminated with radioactive elements or separating lanthanides and actinides for analytical purposes.
The Medicines for All Institute will work on 14 new global health projects, reducing costs of medicines for tuberculosis, malaria, HIV, and neglected tropical diseases. With the $18.7 million grant, Medicines for All aims to improve access to low-cost medications for people living with these diseases.
Researchers discovered supergenes that enabled ragweed to colonize large parts of Europe, changing characteristics such as size and flowering timing to produce highly allergenic pollen. The study highlights the importance of genetic analysis in understanding invasive species' evolution and spread.
A new study reveals Homo species' preference for diverse habitats over the last 3 million years. Early African hominins like H. habilis and H. ergaster lived in open grasslands, while H. erectus adapted to temperate forests and colder habitats.
A Curtin University research found that 98% of TikTok videos promoting vaping pose a risk to teens. The study highlights the need for stricter regulations and enforcement on social media platforms.
A new study proposes that ancestors of Prochlorococcus microbes used chitin particles as rafts to venture into the open ocean. This enabled them to evolve new abilities and eventually thrive in the nutrient-poor waters, playing a crucial role in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere.
A new study has identified a second key gene, AAT1, involved in malaria's resistance to the drug chloroquine. The finding, published in Nature Microbiology, has implications for the ongoing battle against malaria.
Researchers found mailing HPV self-collection tests and offering assistance improved cervical cancer screening nearly two-fold among low-income women. Screening uptake increased to 72% among women who received mailed HPV kits, compared to 37% for those with scheduling assistance alone.
A new study from University of Michigan suggests that the perception of not enough food can be sufficient to slow aging in flies. The researchers induced hunger in flies through various methods, including altering amino acid levels and using optogenetics, and found that these flies lived significantly longer than controls.
A research team at Leibniz-IZW identified molecular markers for testicular cell types in domestic cats and four wild feline species, allowing for the clear identification of Leydig and Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, and advanced germ cell stages. This breakthrough enables the maturation process of male germ cells in vitro.
Researchers at USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a biomarker, CX3CR1, that can predict which patients with non-small cell lung cancer will respond well to chemoimmunotherapy. Elevated levels of the biomarker in T-cells after six to nine weeks of treatment indicate long-term benefits from the combination therapy.
The number of US cancer survivors with self-reported functional limitations has more than doubled since 2000, according to the study. Cancer survivors without functional limitations have seen relatively little growth over the same period.
A team led by Professor Timo Betz has developed a 3D cell culture chamber to grow muscle and other tissue using high-resolution microscopy. The new system will enable scientists to mimic the mechanical situations that confront various living tissues in serious conditions, reducing animal testing and costs.
A new study led by Intermountain Health and University of Utah Health found that an antibiotic stewardship program significantly reduced prescribing rates of antibiotics at urgent care centers in Utah. The program, implemented for 38 clinics, included education, electronic health record tools, and transparent benchmarking dashboards, r...
Researchers create a human-brain-like environment to study microglia development and function for the first time in living human-derived tissue. The findings suggest that brain environment influences microglia development and function, particularly in diseases such as autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
A study found that certain pteropod species in the Southern Ocean are vulnerable to climate change due to varying life cycles. The research suggests that population stability is essential for species survival and that prolonged exposure to unfavorable conditions may jeopardize future populations.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that brain transmission speeds continue to increase into early adulthood, reaching a plateau around age 30-40. This may help clinicians offer therapies to treat disorders such as anxiety and depression that emerge during late adolescence and early adulthood.
A new publication demonstrates the use of laser direct writing to create flexible humidity sensors based on Ga2O3 and liquid metal. The sensors show a highly stable performance with rapid response and recover time, making them suitable for healthcare monitoring applications.
A study by UCLA astronomers reveals that none of the 16 young supermassive stars orbiting the Milky Way's black hole are found in pairs, contradicting previous assumptions about stellar formation. The researchers suggest that the extreme environment around the black hole may be driving nearby binary stars to merge or be disrupted.
An AI developed at TU Wien has shown to suggest appropriate treatment steps in cases of blood poisoning, outperforming human decisions. The AI can examine time-varying patient conditions and calculate treatment strategies, increasing cure rates by up to 3%. However, legal aspects and liability need discussion.
Scientists discovered that smaller brontotheres faced high extinction risk in crowded ecological niches, driving biased diversification towards larger sizes. This complex macroevolutionary pattern shows increased survival of larger species due to reduced competition.
A UNLV study found a significant correlation between 10 specific types of gut bacteria and the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease, with certain bacteria identified as protective or risk factors. The findings suggest that an imbalance of gut microbiota may play a role in the disorder's development.
A software program designed by Timothy G. Leighton predicts the environmental sounds of other planets and how human voices might change in distant worlds. The program uses acoustics and planetary science communities to learn about properties such as chemical composition, atmospheric temperature changes, and roughness of the ground.
A UMass Amherst study found that changing patterns of land use lead to increased runoff and decreased forested areas, resulting in higher stream flow and increased phosphorous and nitrogen concentrations. The research warns of impending water quality issues if urban planning does not implement sustainable land-use measures.
A new study found that early human ancestors adapted to diverse food resources and mosaic landscapes, which increased their resilience to climate changes. The researchers analyzed over 3,000 fossil specimens and archeological sites, revealing a preference for biomes with high plant and animal diversity.
Researchers developed algorithms to analyze acoustic signals from fire hydrant-mounted hydrophones, pinpointing leaks in aging water distribution networks. This technology supports water conservation efforts, especially in the Western US where leaks are a significant issue.
Researchers found that people with severe obesity have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes and may need more frequent booster doses. Immunity declines faster in obese individuals, putting them at greater risk of infection over time.