A recent study published in Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine reveals that genetics significantly contribute to the sex differences in hypertension development. The research found that females with high genetic risk scores had a higher risk of hypertension compared to males, while low-risk females had a lower risk than males.
Researchers from Universities of Bonn and St. Andrews propose an alternative theory of gravity as the cause of the discrepancy in measured values of the Hubble-Lemaitre constant. This 'modified Newtonian dynamics' (MOND) theory predicts the existence of regions with lower matter density, which would explain the observed deviations.
The Cre-LoxP system's specificity is compromised due to non-specific promoters driving Cre expression, leading to inaccurate results. This limitation requires careful consideration for proper interpretation of experimental outcomes.
Researchers used machine learning and mobile mapping systems to analyze the town of Sabbioneta's streets and pavements, identifying accessible trajectories and paths for citizens with motor disabilities. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of AI in assessing physical accessibility in historic urban contexts.
A study of 170 COVID-19 patients with severe ARDS found that prone positioning compared to supine positioning did not significantly reduce the time to successful weaning from ECMO. The study suggests that other factors may influence ECMO weaning outcomes.
A new study by Staffordshire University warns people with type-1 diabetes to use fitness video games with caution, as they may change perceptions of fatigue levels. The researchers recommend updating measurement tools for virtual game platforms to ensure safe and accurate exercise tracking.
A new study finds that part-time parental leave fosters better labor market and educational pursuits among newly arrived migrant women in Sweden. The research challenges existing perceptions of parental leave among immigrant mothers, suggesting it can provide a support system during their initial transition period.
Researchers at McGill University discovered a strong, quick-release connection between living and non-living tissues in marine mussels. The biointerface is mediated by serotonergic cilia-based adhesion, which can be controlled by neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine.
A new study from Simon Fraser University examines the Canadian military's efforts to reduce underwater noise pollution impacts on species during training exercises. However, researchers highlight limitations in the current plan, including a narrow focus on marine mammals and lack of consideration for fish and invertebrates.
A major clinical trial found that vitamin D supplements had no effect on fracture risk or bone strength in children with vitamin D deficiency. The study, which included over 8,800 schoolchildren aged 6-13, boosted vitamin D levels but did not prevent fractures.
A new study by McGill researchers explores the power of imagination in evoking empathy, showing that vividly imagining someone else's problems motivates us to lend a helping hand. The study finds that personal distress is a more prominent form of empathy, which can actually be a catalyst for taking action.
A Hungarian study reveals that pond networks rely on spatial position for species diversity, with central connections hosting higher microorganism and plankton diversity. This research highlights the importance of connectivity in maintaining biodiversity in fragmented ecosystems like bomb crater ponds.
This review article surveys existing deep active learning approaches, applications, and challenges in the context of foundation models. Effective query strategies and model training methods are essential for optimizing joint performance.
Scientists investigate fundamental physics of non-Newtonian fluids, discovering that friction between particles plays a critical role in their behavior. This new understanding contributes to smart material design and could lead to applications such as clump-free paint, wearable protective gear, and customized materials with controlled ...
A novel prescription wristwatch uses photoplethysmography to detect atrial fibrillation with high accuracy, even in participants with darker skin tones. The Verily Study Watch bridges the gap between long-term monitoring and consumer devices, enabling clinicians to effectively use wearable data for Afib management.
Astronomers identify AzTECC71 as a dusty star-forming galaxy, forming hundreds of new stars every year. The discovery suggests the early universe was much dustier than previously thought and may reveal a population of hidden galaxies.
The Lung-MAP trial has demonstrated the potential of public-private partnerships in clinical research, increasing access to new treatment options for patients with lung cancer. The unique partnership between academia, advocacy, federal agencies, and industry has led to a more representative patient group being enrolled in clinical trials.
A recent study found that public gardens and arboretums are inadvertently spreading nonnative, invasive plants to wild areas, threatening native ecosystems. Many examples were cited from Spring Grove Cemetery in Cincinnati, Ohio, including the spread of exotic trees and shrubs with seeds dispersed by wind or birds.
A team of researchers at North Carolina State University has developed a new experiment to better understand human moral judgments in traffic scenarios. The study aims to collect data for training autonomous vehicles to make
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania's School of Veterinary Medicine have identified a novel type of lymphoid microenvironment in fish that generates antibody responses. This discovery has significant implications for understanding immune system evolution and developing effective vaccines for the aquaculture industry.
A novel mental health risk screen for hospitalized patients accurately predicts mental health outcomes, with 10 items correctly identifying 75% of those who later developed mental health issues. A tailored recovery program can also be effective in reducing mental health problems after trauma, increasing health equity among historically...
The American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR) has received a $16 million expansion from the Hevolution Foundation to support early-career researchers studying age-related diseases and healthspan. The program aims to nurture talented investigators and advance novel gerotherapeutics.
A new study from researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine shows that dopamine release plays a crucial role in encoding reward and punishment prediction errors, allowing the brain to adjust its behavior. Dopamine not only signals positive experiences but also optimally encodes negative outcomes.
The Institute of Atmospheric Physics predicts a potentially record-breaking winter due to the convergence of global warming and the El Niño phenomenon. Regions in mid-low latitudes of Eurasia and Americas are likely to experience an exceptionally warm winter, with a 95% chance of setting a new historical record.
Researchers have found that Vibrio bacteria play a role in outbreaks of mortality among dark stinging sponges weakened by warming Mediterranean. The study suggests climate change may be impacting disease dynamics in sponges and their pathogens.
A new model developed by researchers at the University of Tsukuba can accurately predict transpiration rates in Japanese cypress plantations. The model uses satellite-based surface temperature data, multispectral imaging, and comprehensive forest inventory data to yield impressive results.
Researchers have developed PicoRulers, biocompatible molecular rulers for high-resolution microscopy. Using genetic code expansion and click chemistry, the team constructed customized molecular rulers based on the protein PCNA, enabling precise testing of super-resolution microscopy methods on cellular biomolecules.
A researcher has developed a chatbot with expertise in nanomaterials, leveraging document-retrieval method to provide accurate context. The bot uses embedding to categorize and link information quickly, generating factual responses sourced from trusted documents.
Researchers demonstrate that microscopic chemical bonds between silicon surfaces control friction, enabling quantitative understanding and control. By regulating bond density through drying time, they predict and control friction force.
A new study found Black men diagnosed with advanced stages of prostate cancer are significantly less likely to be prescribed novel hormone therapy compared to white or Latino men. The disparity persisted at five years and beyond, with Black patients receiving this crucial treatment at a lower rate.
A new study found that adverse childhood experiences are associated with greater muscle dysmorphia symptoms in Canadian adolescents and young adults. Adverse childhood experiences, such as domestic violence and emotional abuse, may lead to body dissatisfaction and the pursuit of muscularity as a coping mechanism.
A new study from Texas A&M University found that individuals living in poverty and poor housing conditions are more likely to develop new mobility issues following a COVID-19 infection. The study analyzed data from Michigan residents who experienced new difficulty walking or climbing stairs after being diagnosed with COVID-19.
Researchers at ETH Zurich replicate the structural design of bluebird feathers using a new method. The material exhibits nanonetworks similar to those found in natural feathers and offers potential for technical and sustainable applications, including battery improvements and water filtration.
A recent study warns that children should be taught more about the importance of plants in promoting awareness of climate change and sustainability. The study argues that botany should be a greater focus of educational policy, with teachers receiving support and training to challenge their existing assumptions about plants.
The Buck Institute has partnered with Hevolution Foundation to pioneer new scientific initiatives targeting aging. The partnership aims to accelerate discoveries toward therapeutic interventions specifically targeting the aging process, which is linked to age-related chronic diseases.
A study of 353,000 US adults found a decline in smoking prevalence from 2011 to 2022, except for those 65 and older. The greatest gains in reducing smoking-attributable morbidity and mortality can be achieved by targeting individuals with low socioeconomic status.
Significant racial and ethnic disparities in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease treatment were found in a study of 5,218 adults. The disparities persisted despite optimal recommended therapies, underscoring the need for sustained efforts to achieve better outcomes for all patients regardless of their background.
A new paper reveals that media coverage of Bruce Willis' condition was inaccurate, with journalists misrepresenting the relationship between aphasia and frontotemporal degeneration. The disease was often described as if it were a separate disorder from aphasia, when in fact aphasia is a symptom of frontotemporal degeneration.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a promising experimental drug combination that reduces the size of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in mice and increases survival rates. The combination blocks glutamine metabolism and purine recycling, producing a better anti-tumor response with less toxicity.
The Brain Care Score (BCS) is a scientifically validated way to assess current health habits and risk to future brain health. A higher BCS score indicates better brain care and is associated with a lower risk of developing dementia and stroke. The study found that each five-point positive difference in the BCS was associated with a 59%...
Researchers found that phonetic encoding in babies emerged gradually over the first year of life, beginning with labial sounds and nasal sounds. Parents should speak to their babies using sing-song speech as soon as possible to help them learn language.
A study of 50 children infected with Listeria monocytogenes at birth found that two-thirds had sequelae, mainly due to prematurity. Long-term screening and tailored support can be offered to inform science-based guidance for parents.
Researchers found that social media influencers with distorted messages cause political parties to moderate their policies to win over independent voters. However, this leads to traditional media outlets becoming more extreme in their editorial positions, and citizens swayed by influencers growing more polarized.
Researchers have developed an AI algorithm that uses people's flavor impressions to make accurate predictions of individual wine preferences. The algorithm combines data from wine labels, user reviews, and sensory tastings to provide personalized recommendations.
A new randomised controlled trial found that an 18-month meditation programme can improve the wellbeing of older adults by enhancing their awareness, connection to others, and insight. However, it did not confer significant benefits on two commonly used measures of psychological wellbeing.
Researchers propose a new approach to measure global warming, combining the last ten years of temperature observations with projections for the next decade. The current level of global warming is around 1.26°C, with an uncertainty range of 1.13°C to 1.43°C.
A new study found that pickier dogs exhibit distinct brain responses when rewarded with higher-quality food, which influences their motivation. The research used behavioral observations and neuroimaging techniques to investigate the relationship between food quality and dog behavior.
Research from the University of Bath found that excessive optimism is associated with lower cognitive skills, leading to poor decision-making in financial matters. Individuals with high cognitive ability tend to be more realistic and pessimistic, making better decisions.
A new study reveals that the protective effect of income has largely eroded in affluent neighborhoods over the past 40 years. This means that even if residents have more wealth, they won't be able to enjoy cooler temperatures as climate change worsens.
Researchers used AI-selected natural images and synthetic images to probe visual processing areas of the brain, finding that predicted maximal activator images significantly activated targeted areas. The study suggests individualized models for each subject can improve understanding of visual system organization across populations.
Environmental and social factors greatly influence individual behavior, according to Professor Wilhelm Hofmann of Ruhr University Bochum. Traditional approaches focus on personal autonomy but neglect structural factors, leading to ineffective decisions.
Researchers have discovered a rare ant species in North Carolina's tree canopies, documenting an entire colony for the first time. The species, Aphaenogaster mariae, has a distinctive arboreal lifestyle, with queens being smaller than other ant queens and males previously unknown to science.
A new catalyst developed by Northwestern University chemists can break down Nylon-6, a common plastic found in fishing nets, carpet, and clothing, in just minutes. The process does not generate harmful byproducts and is practical for everyday applications.
A new study explores the future limits of survival and livability in extreme heat conditions, finding that current estimates may not accurately represent impacts on human health. The research provides a range of safe temperatures based on factors like humidity, age, activity level, and sun exposure.
Repeated, chronic jet lag negatively impacts student-athlete health and performance in academics and sports. Strategies to reduce consequences include preadaptation before travel and sufficient time for circadian adjustment after arrival.
Researchers discovered that male ostracods create distinct patterns of bioluminescence to attract females, which are then mirrored by other males, creating a spectacular underwater display. The synchronized swim occurs after sunset at nautical twilight and is used to entice groups of females.
Researchers have successfully converted human retinal cells, specifically Muller glia, into neurons in a lab setting using an artificial fish-like genetic program. This breakthrough could potentially serve as a new source of neurons to treat vision loss caused by disease or trauma.
Replacing animal products with plant-based foods leads to significant weight loss, reduced cholesterol and fat intake, and increased fiber consumption among overweight adults. A new analysis found that a vegan diet rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, and beans results in an average weight loss of about 13 pounds.
Researchers found that combined use of alcohol and THC affects the prefrontal cortex, impairing synaptic plasticity in rats. The effects were more pronounced in females and were likely due to changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling.
A new meta-analysis found that intravenous fluid therapy using balanced solutions can reduce the risk of in-hospital death in critically ill patients by four percent. Balanced solutions are more closely matched to human blood chemistry than commonly used saline, and may be associated with lower mortality rates.